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-.i^-. 



DICTIONARY 

OF 

NATIONAL BIOGRAPHY 

MacCarwell Maltby 



DICTIONARY 



OP 



NATIONAL BIOGRAPHY 



EDITBD BY 

SIDNEY LEE 



VOL. XXXV. 
MacCarwell Maltbv 



MACMILLAN AND CO. 

LONDON: SMITH, ELDER, & CO. 
»893 



on.^^^. 




I /l^Jj^Z^ 



c. ■ 



-/ / 



LIST OF WBITEES 



IN THE THlBry-FIFTH VOLUBfE. 



0. A OSUCKD AlBT. 

J. O. A. . . J. Q. Alobb. 
P. J. A.. . . P. J. Akdebson. 
W. A. J. A. . W. A. J. Abchbold. 

B. B-L. . . . BiCHABD BaOWELIi. 

G. F. B. B. . a. F. BU88ELL Babz^^ 

M. B MiBs Batebon. 

B. B BoKALD Bathe. 

T. B TaoitAS Batnb. 

6. C. B. . . 0. C. BoASB. 

T. O. B. . . The Bet. Paonaaoa Bonnet, 
FAS. 

a. S. B. . . G. S. Bocloeb. 

H. B-e. . . HzNBT Bbuce. 

H. M. 0. . . H. MAS>tBB8 CEicHEsrait. 

A. M. C. . . Miss A. M. Clesee. 

J. M. C. . . ). M. COLLTEB. 

T. C Tboidsoh Coopib, F.SJL. 

W. P. C. . . W. p. CODBTSET. 

J. A. C. . . J. A. Cbahs. 

L. C. .... LiOHZL CuBT, F.B.A. 

G. T. D. . . 0. Thobk Dbdbi. 

B. D Bobebt Ddhlop. 

F E FbAKOD EsPIMABflE. 

S. R. O. . . 8. B. Gabsikxb, LLD. 

B. G BicHABD GlBNETT, liLD. 

J. T. G. . . J. T. GiLBEBT, LL.D., F.SJL. 



G, G GoBDOK OooDwm. 

A. G. . . . . The Bbv. Auizansbb Oobdoh. 

B. £. G. . . B. E. Gbatkb. 
J. U. G. . . J. U. Gbat. 

W. A. G. . . W. A. Gbeenbill, MJ). 

J. C. H. . . J. COTHBSBT HaDDBN. 

A. C. H. . . pRoiEssoB A. C. Hasdon. 

J. A. H. . . J. A. HuuLTON. 

T. H The Bet, Thohab Hauilton, D J) 

C. A. H. .' . C. Ajubxandeb Habbis. 
T. F. H. . . T. F. HmiDiBaoK. 

W. A. 8. H. W. A. 8. Hewihs. 

W. H. ... The Eev. William Homt. 

A. J THzBBT.AuanBTOsJES8opp,DJ). 

T. B. J. . . The Bet. T. B. Jobhbtohx. 
C. K. .... Chablbs Ezmt. 
C. L. E. . . G. L. EiNospoBO. 

J. K JosBFB Enioht, F.S.A. 

J. E. L. . . Pbopessob J. E. Ladohtom. 

E. L SllBB ElIZABZTH ZiKE. 

8. L Sidney Lbb. 

A. E. J. L. . A. £. J. LxooB. 

B. H. Ii. . . B. H. IiEaoE. 
A. O. L. . . A. Q. Little. 

J. E. Ii. . . John Edvabo Llotd. 
J. H. L. . . The Bet. J. H. Luptoh. 
J. B. M. . . J. B. M&CDOHALD. 



VI 



List of Writers, 



A. M-L.. . 
J. C. M-L, 
M.U. . . 
F. M. . . . 
P. W. M. , 
J. A. F. U. 

B. M. . . . 
a E. H. . 
A. H. U. . 

C. M. . . . 

N. M 

a P. M-x. 
P. L. N. . 
O.LeO.N. 

E. O'C. . . 

D. J. O'D. 

F. M. O'D. 
T. 0. . . . 
S. P. O. . 
J. H. 0. . 
C. P. . . . 



. Ubs. John Hacsonell. 

. TsB Bsv. Cakon Uacdokkell. 

. Sherqt BIackat, LL.D. 

. Falcohsb Maoak. 

. Fbofessob F. W. Mattlamd. 

. J. A. FULLEB MaITLAND. 

. Bebmabd Uallet. 
. C. E. B£allet. 

. A. H. MlLLAB. 

. Cosmo Monkhoube. 
. nobhan uoore, m.d, 

. O. p. MOBIABTT. 

. p. L. Nolan. 
. O. Le Gets Moboate. 
. Captain O'Callaohan. 
. D. J. O'DoNooHnE. 

. F. M. O'DOKOOHUE. 

. Tee Bet. Tbomab Olden. 
. Captain S. P. Ouvkb. 
. The Bet. Cakon Oteeton. 
. The Bet. Chables Plaits. 



A. F. P. . . A. F. POLLABD. 

D'A. P. . . . D'Abct Powbb, F.R.C.S. 

B. B. P. . . B. B. Pbobseb. 
J. M. B. . . J. M. Biao. 

E. 8. B. . . E. S. Bobebtson. 

F. B The Bet. Francis Sandebb. 

T. B. S. . . T. Bailey Saundbbs. 

B. J. L. S. . E. J. L. Scott. 
T. S Thomas Seccohbe. 

B. F. S. . . B. Fabquhabbon Bbabp. 

C. P. S. . . Mies C. Fell Smith. 
a. G. S. . . G. Gbeqort Smith. 

G. W. S. . . The Bet. G. W. Spbott, D.D. 
L. S Leslie Stephen. 

J. T-T. . . . Jambs Tait. 

D. Ll. T. . D. Lleupkb Thomas. 

E. V The Bet. Canon Vsnables. 

B. H. V. . . Colonel E. H. Vktch, B.E. 

F. W. W.. . P. W. Whttk. 

B. B. W. . . B. B. WOODWABD. 

W. W. . . . Warwick Wboih, F.S.A. 



DICTIONARY 



or 



NATIONAL BIOGRAPHY 



MacCanvell 



M'CauI 



MACCARWELL or MACCER- 
BHAILL. 1>AVIU id. l-289>, arclibwUop 
of I '«dlit>l, wM cImii of CoAltel preiriougly to 
19&3« vben on » vicuucy tu tbu «ve hv was 
«lact*d archbiithoi). A Aondtti^n attached 
to tbe roral assent, wbicli woh nut g^ivea till 
19 F«l>. IS&i, wii* fhnt l)i\vi(l hIioiiUI collie 
tn the kin^ to do ft-ally; this ho did accord- 
infrlyin April {SwEEtiix, ii. W2. 443). In 
\-X\ Dttvia went on a jourtn-T to Rome (it. 
it. (S9'>). In I'Jiiy lie continual the eleclion 
of Fiorence, bubop of Emtr, bi-fore tlir* myal 
iMimtha<llMH;ti^iveii,Biid wu^ »iiuimoiit>a to 
Kngluul next year to explain his conduct, 
but on 4Nov.obtainL<dj;nLCuforltavtngact«u 
in i^m»nc<'t and gave an undurtoliing not 
to repeat tha ofr^nce (r£. ii. 702, ^'2). He 
noaiDed in England till WhIUiinlide i:^lM 
(■&. ii. MO), In l:!r>1 Ha was invulvod in 
a tnah quarrel with the royal otlictm for 
batiiijT seized the go<y1« of n iiaiirer, which 
wen- eUimed by tbi: king, Inordettoeacapv 
bis eotuequenl'debt to the crown h« tii mid 
to iu-Tfl tahdn tim cross, thoUKh be never 
«ri-nt on tha canuade (i'6. IL 9o8, 1016-1 6). 
In 1 iTU a tnA qnarrel arcm tlinnigh a royiil 
raoposal to irpnir tli^ Fcaol at Cauiel; this, 
David all«(r«^ would be prejudicial to bi» 
chorch.BoabQ therefore (•xrummunien ted the 
jtutic«a and laid an inl^rrdict on hia ditKewi, 
in 1277 tbt! dispute was arraufud by the 
kinir nrrmoTina the gBol and granting the 
•ite to the ar<£bi«hop, wbo ngrwd to fuuud 
oo it a chantry to St. Nicholai. (lA. Vt. l:i(il- 
ISti'i). David'a troubles still continued, and 
It is taid thai iu 127$ he was colled toEn;;- 
land, where be remained two years, and that 
afterwards be bad to maku yet another visit. 
He was oprtainly in Knginiid in Mar 12^1, 
when hiii repr&M^ntatired in Irulauil were 
gnat«d letten of attorney durltig two yeara 

TOI. XXXT. 



(ih. ii. lr^2-2). In October 1281 be fr<^ve re- 
cugniJUiDce.4 for his goud buhaviuur (ib, it. 
lUtiO 72). In 12Wi he appears an paying an 
acciiuiuIatioH of di-bts and liut^i to the kina*^ 
in all ItIO;. 13*. 4'/. [>A. iii.SR,, pp. UK), I2rt, 
230). Uo ditid in 12«>, before 4 Sept. (i4. 
ili. ii]7). David foiind^-d Il<ir«i Abbey, or 
St. Msry'a Abbey of the Hock of Caj>Iiel, for 
Cistorcianfi, having expelled the lienedic- 
tinca in cnn-ti^nni'iice of a dmim that tho 
monks tried to Kill him. This was bvlwi;en 
)26d and 1272. lie forcibly annexed to hiii 
bouse the hospital of St. Kicliolos at Cusbel 
( AncnDiU., Muna*tie<m Jlihemi'itm, pj>. 
317, 648). David i>eenia to have lieen a 

JuarreliKMUu pntlnle : in iiddiliDn to his other 
LEputes he iiiuirrelled with and expelietl 
Kvnui, Ihv dnui of Casbel. 

[AnnsU ftf \m^ Ci, i. 407 ; Wares Worka 
on Jrplattil, i. iJ2~&, nl. Hnrris; Swectmoo's 
Calendar of Docamcnts relatiag to Iralaad. ndj; 
ii. and iii.] O. h. K. 

M'CAUL, Al-EXANDER (1709 -1863), 
dirino, was born of prott'»tan.t parant» at 
Uublio, 10 May 1799. Ilu wus educated 
at a private school, and entt-ring Trinity 
Colle^, Dublin, 3 Oct. 1814, gradualod 
IJ.A. 1819, and proceeded M.A. 1^31 ; be 
was creaU'd 1>.D, in 1)^7, Ilewaa for some 
tim* tutor to ibe Kurl of Kusse, hut becoming; 
interested in the JewH, wa* Rent in 1821 to 
Poland as a misNionary by ibe Ixmdon So* 
eii'ty ii*T Promoting ChristianitT among iha 
Jaws. Ue studied Hebrew ana Cieraan at 
liVarsaw, and at the cloea of 1^22 went to 
8t. Petersburg, where he was received bv 
the czar, who took some interest iu his worli. 
Returning to England, hewaa ordained and 
aorved the curacy of Uuiiiloy, near GIoucm- 
tor, where be became iuttmatv with Samual 



i-n 



M'Caul 




McCausland 



'Raffey MaitUnd Ut-T.] In 18^ )i« married 
mnd mtumod to FoLmd, living at Warsaw 
aa liead of the murion to the Jews aail tlng- 
I'tahi'liiijilnin iiDtil lS30. He waasiippxrlud 
bv tlie Orand Diike Comtaatine, but bad 
di^putofl with the LutUomn congnifintiunH, 
ana withdraw to Bt^rlin, wEieni ha vim be- 
friended by Sir litinry Roeu, the EnfflUh am- 
bassjidor, and by the crown princv of Pnjwia 
(iiftvfwurdrf Fredt.TicliW*iniftinrV),wholiad 
kuitwii bim at Wiirmiw. To r«cruit bis health 
he TLKited Irt-land, and rfitiirni^l fw a *hort 
liuw to PuUiid in 1SJ2. Ih^cidia^ to wtilo 
in IjOndiiti, ii<- t'Hik up hi* n-ttidence in Pale»- 
tiii6 PUce, Cambrid)^ Hoad: ictiruly iiip- 
portwd the London Society; smated to found 
tbe Jews' Openuirei Conreru Institution, 
and in I8S7 oomnwnoed the publicutiau of 
' Old PAthfl/ a weokly pampbkt on Jewish 
ritual, which continited for sixty wouks. In 
1840 ho wfi3 appointed princiiml of thtr 
Hebrew colb^gij luundod i»r tba Lundon 
Sociery; and in the umiiuirTrlf IH41,throuffh 
Frudtrick William IV t>f Prussia, he wm 
offered fb»! bijihiipriii' of Jtriiiwlptn, but de- 
clined it bepaufln ho lhoughIitwo^^ldl1obottl^^ 
bcld by f>no who hiul been a Jew. lit* 
frif-nd MichaM Solomnn Alexander [q-v.l 
wa« nccordingly appointed, and ArOnul 
prearbfd bi« connccrntiou aormon. In tho 
same year he succeedo'd Alexander ns pm- 
fc*jirir ol' IL'bnw and rabbitiicul litwnitun- 
at Kinj{V CoUogo. Londan. In li?46he waa 
alio cloL'tod to lilt' cbnir of divinity- In 
m ili bo wae appointed rwilor of Sl Jamfti's, 
Duke'rt Place, Xondoa, i« 1845 bixiirao itre- 
Iwiidnry of Si. PauVe, and in lBt7 dortincd 
Arirlilitslinp Il.i-»-Ii*y'i« ofiljr of any one of tht- 
four nflW colonial bishoprics tlir^n founded, 
lo 1^^ he becatne rector of St. JUai^mi^ 
Sr. Marenret, and St. Michael, Fiih Stn>et 
Qill. WTien llie ."itttinaiB of convocation were 
revived in i86:i, M'Caul wna eWted pmrtur 
for tlio lx>adon clergy, and n?prT^6('nted thptn 
till bis d«ttli. At first etri.nigly wppoKi-'d to 
the ravivul of ibu ancient poweni nf convo- 
cation, ]i« mndiliitd bin viijws and worked 
■vury hnnnoniouflly with the biph chureh- 
invu, opposing tho relaxation of tbe stib- 
Acriptioii to tht- article*, and seconding Arch- 
deacon D«nison'it mot ion for the apjxiintmont 
of a cntiimitfee(of vhicb he waa aflerwards 
a mombitr) forthDConaidcnitionof ColettBo''fl 
work* on the Old Toilniuvnt. He died at 
8t. Maffniw" Rectory, London Bridcp, on i 
13 Nov, 1H63, and was buried at llfocd, i 
Eawir. Hu left several sons. 

M'Caiil puhliahed inany Ringle aennons 
and pnmplilots. His chii-f works are : 1, A I 
Hebp'wrrimur, Loudon, lAll,8vo. 2, 'War- I 
burtooiaii J^ecturc*,' lot scr. li^O, Sto; 2nd l 




Bor. ISoJ, 8vo. n. 'liaiionaU«m, «tMl the 
Bivine Interprclalioo of S.Tip:ur»>,' |H.'j(), 
1 2mo, 4, ' .SoniB NoUs on the first Chapter 
of Qenoeis,' 186],fivo; acrilicism of twrtnin 
pnaaa^ in ' Essbj-b and Iteviewa.' 0. * Tea- 
limoniea to tlio Divine authority of the IIoI v 
Si-ripl iin.'*,' 18(J2, post t^vo. 6. 'An Knamino- 
lion of UUIiop Coienso's Diflicutties with nj- 
Eiird to the I'tintateucli,' 18tW-l, London 
•2 vols. 8vo. 

I Memuir by J. B. M'Canl : Guarfiaa, 1 6 Nor. 
1863; CtocUord's Cluneal DiKctnrr, I860.] 

W. A. J. A. 

McCAUSLAUD, DOMIMCK (1 
1873), rclig^iaus writer, born on 20 .\ 
1600, was third of four sons of Marfu» 
I^ncford McUaiUiliutrl of Ron I'nrk, co. Lon- 
doQutrry, bv hia wife, a daii^bler of Jidin 
Kennedy of Cultrn, co. Down, uud aunt of 
Sir Anhur Kdward Kennedy [q. v.] Tho 
fnlbiT died in bis son's infancy. Domtnlck' 
was educate *incew«ively at tho school of tho 
Rev. Ilr. Mooreof Purkhill, Oloucester^hLre, 
nncl for two years under Dr. Dowdaln at tbo 
lloyal School. Uun^nnon. He cntetml 
Trinitf College. iJnblin, in 1833, and ftrnilu- 
ated JI.A. in 1Bl*7, taking the highe^ diK- 
tinction of the university, tbr pild nie<tn] for 
scit.-iiice,of hit) year. He proceeded LLD. in 
18.jit. (Im 'Mil' for a udlowship, but bis 
iR'Altli foilod, and he Hpent two years on a 
nmtim-ntal tour. 

On hifl r«^Inm McCiinsland studied law, 
and was called to tho Iri;th bar in Wi.*;. Ho 
se!ffctedthenorth-we«tGmcircuit,ftiidbt«eaMn» 
Q.C.in LHOO. In the second administration 
of Lord Derby ( l8.>8-0)MeC'ttU9land wuh ap- 
pointed crows pro«L>culor, and immcdiatWy 
afterwanU was etei^ted ' fatlinr,' or president 
of thi' circuit bar. He di^d 23 June 1S7:{. 
In the midxt of n biiiiv practice lie found 
time to write pevenil religious wnrk.'t. 'rheir 
litlijut an<.<: I. 'On tho Latter Days of i 
Jewi nh Church and Nat ion, aa rercab-d in tin 
Apocalyp9e.'8vo,Dub]ia,l*41.2.'TbeTiin 
oflheOcnt-iiMMTCTealedinthcApocalTiMie,' 
8vo, Dublin, 1S52; reissued in lei57. Th 
two wcrfl snltaequentiy combine-l in a secom 
edition, and ptiblislu'd as .1 'The Latter 
liays of Jerusalem and Home aa roTulvd Id 
the Apocnh-pse.' 4. '.SomicitisinStonefli'STn, 
London, 1K.V!, wbieh reached a (Lirleentb 
odition.just revised before his death, in lfJ73. 
G. 'Adaiu and Ihn Adamite,' Svo, London, 
18fU;Sud<-dit. lHrJ8[i.e. 1K«7]. 0. 'Hbinar,* 
8vo, l.rtJ«<l.jn. 1807. 7. 'The Builders of 
Bnbfl,' flvo, London, ia7L 

[Monmr by W. D. Fngnson; 8nrmoni« in 
Rtonnr, 13th Wjit.; AtbeOttum, 6 JnJr 1873j 
Dublin Unir. Cat. of Graduates.] B. B. Vf. 




McCheyne 



Mt-OHEYNE, ROBEltT MUKRAY 
(ISI-t-lfMSl. Arrtttish (iivine, youngest aon 
of Adaai .M.(K.'heviu.', writer to lti« signet, 
wu born in Editiburt^b, ^1 iUv 1813. At 

r the uv of four lu* kntsw the cbanutara of 

itht Unek ahihabnt, and vroii iibli> to ung sud 
ndt« flutfDtl^'. Hu ffntervd the big*!! setool 
in bii) i-ititith rtotr, niid miiTriculaliMJ in No* 
fwmbiTlfc'rafEdiQliurjrhliniversitT.wheTe 
li« vliownl very vtirtatile powers, aad di»- 

' tinguiiihM himw1f<»|teciAlly in ptw^tical ci«r- 
ctNM.beinK'^'K'dpd « speciftl prize by Profes- 

' Mr WiUon fur h prxiin tin 'The Covenanters.' 
In tbe vinlor n( lKi\ h<^ commenced Iiis 
rtudiM in tlie DivinitT Ilall, under l>r. 
Chftlfflom and Pr. Welsh ; and h« was 
]io«osed %» a prt^acber by the Aiman prvs- 
^terj on I July 1835. In the following 
AOTOaiber ti« was appointed at«i«lunl, to 
iJm Rev. Jolin Uonnrof lArb^rl and i>itnt> 

tyuc^ StirUngvbin). Uis health, which had 
scrrer b«i*« roljont, broka down under the 

[.•tnin of his new offifse ; but hia fame as a 
b(T Kpr«<nd through Scotland, and on 

, a Not. 1 A36 he wm ordaia<Kl to tho na*- 
tflr«t« of St. Pet^s Church, Ihindee, which 
had been enct^d into a quoad sacra parish 
in lh« tnvccding May. Tho coDgrvga- 
tion nnranenHJ eW^n hundred hirers, and 
McCbfTui' addn>e».>d himself to tha work of 
this lutiiisiTj with ttn miit^h nnlour that hit 

' hcftlth again p^re n-ay, and in Decern bi<r 1 f^Sd 
1m iraa »iromllii! to desist from all public 
doty. At this timn ihn general a^w:tnMy of 
(bf church of Scotland decided to send a 
commilt** t« I'fll'^inc to colWr informn- 
tioa re«pt?ctinfrthi>Jewi«,aQd McCheynewo-i 

finelndM in tho number who set sail on 
li April 1830. The rv«prd of ihis jounu-y 
waa written jcuntly by ^Ict'hoyiie and his I 
Compaoiou Andrrw Bonor (d. 18S>2), and waa 

[ipubluhptl in 1842. Aft«jr hi» n.-liirn at tho 

lud of \fS9 .^IrChpyne rftsnmed his minU- 

ilrrtaldulin>iti HiinrJi?*- with renewed energy. 

[Tn iht.' anltimn of IHli he vtait«d thn north 
of Knzl.ind on sa evangelical miwon, and 
mad'^ similar jonntrVB to London and Aber- 

idtivnabire. On his return from tho luitor 
^Um he was seiied with sudden illneit?, and 
Ion SatttrdAy, 25 March Itvl^ U*- waa 
bnide St. i'vlvr'a Church, l>undtv, 
wlieiv an imposing tombtftone marks his 
frav*. 

Mcfni'*"i"ne derotMl all hi* eneigies to 
pivarhiuu ; and although hn wiu an accotn- 
^jed ill-brow »diolar, he left few perma- 
at jiroofB of Hi erudition. Flo had rofined 
■-■<-< '-.ti^,mad was on« of th>>Kr«tof tbe 
> ninigicrs to take an actiro part in 

t^. ■!...,'. .'Tameot of the congi«.igDtioual con 
viw of prftiae. Long after his death he 



McCIuer 

was coostantly referred to as * the saintly 
ilcCheyni-.' .SkvithI bymns by him— nolablv 
that entitletl ' Whon this passing World U 
diMH'* — iirn in constant use in Ihtt Scottish 
chnrch^B. Hi» principal worlu are: l.'Nar- 
ntWv of a Mission of Inquiry to the Jewi* 
(jointly with Pr. Andrew Bonar), I'M inburgh, 
1612. 2. 'ICipositions of the Enistl^« to 
the Seven Ohun-hi*(i of Afcia,' DiinflTX'. 1*13. 
3. 'Th« EttTniil InheritaniiV!; the IVlii^vti's 
Portion, and W».>Iii of Wrath 6lted to 
Destruction, two DiBAonmec,' Dimd>.c, 1843. 
■1. ' Memoinand Keinaina'(puhIifthodby Pr. 
Antln^w Boumrl, Kdinbiii^h, l^-IS (seooild 
ediiiou, with ndditionni mnt,t^^^, Krlinburgh, 
1^92). a. 'Additional llwniains, J^i-rnions, 
nnd I<«Tturi^.' Eilinbiirpli^ 1844. (>. 'ifa-tket 
of Fragments, the subttaoco of tsonaons,' 
Aberdeen, l^S. 

rBtfnitr'a Moniolrt ; Joan L.Vratsan'> IJfAof 
Robort MumrMcChryne; Dundee CoUbritiM: 
SciU'. F-uii, lii. TOO.] A. H. M. 

MACCLESFIELD, Eaeij or. [S*« 
Ohxakd, UuAKLCM,rf. 1091, Unc Kakl of the 
Gerard family: Gboard, CliAELlx, lcr>r?k' 
I'Ol.eecood Kabl; I'ARCCB.TllOllA^ ItiOO- 
17.1i',firet lUlil. of the I'arker fatuilv; i'*K- 
KEB, Uloboe, 1701 f-17tU, second £abi..] 

Mc^LUER, JOHN (J. 1791 f). com- 
mander in the Bombay marine and hydro- 
^upbfr, obtuiiiod a high reputation &a a sur- 
veyor while atill a lieutenant in th« marine. 
In I7S5, in ibo inton-sls of bis regular duty, 
be madeanurvi^y of th« l'«ntian(.iulf. It. was 
rough work, butbyfarthelnHt thi^ni-xisting, 
and the results wero incorrorated by J(im«8 
llorsbnrfih "n. v.] in his ' Bast India Direc- 
tory." In Ky~ he woH ordered to sur^tiT 
the bank of soundings off Bombay, which 
bo did BO thoniugldy that hi« charts re- 
mained practically as he left them for m-iirly 
Bf'Tonty yimre. In 1700 hu was appointed to 
C'liinmind a iimall expt^ilion lo Clie IVlew 
liilandG, wilb the double object of surveying 
and iwtnblishing friwnilly rvlalions with tho 
natives. He eamfd out the survey with his 
accufiionied ability, and between Jsnuary 
ITiH and Janunry 17113 examined the Pelew 
Island?, Thi? Salii Archipelitgo, and a grcac 
|)»rt of the coast of New Guinea. On ns 
tuming to the Pclcw lelands firom New 
Guinea in January ]793, McCtuor suddenly 
onnotuiccd to Wedgeborough, his fir»t llcrti- 
tenant, his intention of reeigning ihi^ cnlip- 
mnnd and wrtt.ling tbert'. On 2 Kvb. h'l 
fonually wrote, deuring Wedgeborough in 
take tho command. ' 1 will write,' be said*, 
' to tlie Bombay Prc'idcncy the caux^^I hiive 
for remaining at this place. It will bcsuffi- 
cient vindication for tou and the Tt«. oS, VSa 



I 



i 



McCIure 



McCIure 



gentVmen bf-'longinp to this vo«el for mc lioro 
to aclinowlT'ilgi.' ihftt y<iu bavw uwsd every 
wvumtiitt in your pnwfir trt persuade ma from, 
thia uH'Commoii aad unprecvclvuu<<l «U'|>. . . . 
Ibis notliinj; but myieftl for hit country tlmt 
proiupUme.* Wedgieboroufch aaally suppUi.xl 
tiuu with arms Qn<] other ni^ce^saneti from rha 
shi])'a Btorufl, and Ivfi him. U would eeem 
that tlw loiij^ HUii arduous work in New , 
CiuiiiPftbad wcukenud his mind, luiil tbal lie 
wna tinabU' I'j niKift ihit fiisciTinlioiiii of tbc 
(liinliy hpaiitifis nf tbu ielondH. It is only by 
K fij)oc'ioH of inKBiuly tbiit hin L-xtrcurdLcinry 
condiiot nnd lin-nrh itf nil rulea of naval dis- 
cipline^ ciui t>o (explained. 

After fifteen montlii'' nenideiiw on lliw 
island McCliiffr lirrd <if lii.H i«(ilitndi^, and 
rt'Solvetl to go to Ternate ' to hear tha n«w>.' 
Aft bad weiitlicr camo on ho chanp*d liia 
toiiiJ iiud Mwrwd fur China, readuny Macao 
nft-T a |jerilr>ui> navigation in a native h'Mt, 
witlioiit coidpass or ulh^r gnELruinvTits, and 
witli nil pniiiiionit <-xr.(-p^ pm-oa-niita and 
TvatBr. lie bad fivi! mtm in thu bijat with 
hinj, who ■'■em ti> biivt* nil nrrivMl safe, 
tboiicb McClu'irhiniiii'lf was tiftorwardji laid 
up with Ik BR vere attack of fever nn>! ai^in". (In 
recoveriiip ho purchiwod a vciss*'!, by nutans 
ofa bill druu'ii oa Houibay, and returned to 
thfi IV'Iew Iiilandiii, whcr«? lio onibnrliod hie 
family and property, with men smtvuhU and 
woni'-ii marvant*, after the niann<?r of lh« 
patriarche of old, Hl> then sailed Cur Cal- 
cutta, and m»t«lln^ on (liu wuy the Ilombay 
frigiite, bound lo Bombay, In? sent eomc of 
hU &OlilT on by h<>r. Il>.- bim.M-lf, wilh I.Ila 
re«t,ii'cnl on roCnlrnttn, and nailing tbence 
was never heard of af^ain. 

[Deiwdoi]'* Mt^moir* of lIv-IrDf-mphT, i, 14; 
low's Hintory of tho Ini!i«n S'lvvy, i. 188 ft epq. ; 
Hockin'a Supplomcnt to tho AoL-oiinc of the Poloir 
Ivlauda; tioiv» and tluurioH, 2ad sor. i. S53, 
44^0 J. K. L. 

MrCLCTRE, Sra ItOBEUT JOU\ LE 
MKSrUIKK (1807-1873). vitB-iidmiml, son 
of ltolp«;rt MiClurw (rf. 19LW), ctnitjiiH in tbit 
eifth ri'giment, and of Jane, dAUj^titer of 
Archdeacon KIrwj, nsclor of Woxmnl, was 
bum ttt Wi!xfiird,tivi' inonttiiiartcrhiafnlher'A 
(lenth.on 28Jan. lt*07. Captain faf^erwards 
Oeueral t Jr>iin Lu Meoiirier To. v.^ of Aldei^ 
HOT, an old comradf nf hin futlK'r, was big 
jl^odfatberand jrwardian. McCIure waa «du- 
cati'd at Eton and Sandhurst, and cntcrod 
th>.' nnvv in l4L'l. Jlo p&aKed bis Qxamioa- 
tion in 1630; and in 1838-7 wiia mat« of the 
Tt-rror in her Arctic voya(r« iindLTOaptaia 
((ifturwunU Hir) Goorg*! Muck [ij. v.] On 
thn return of the Terror ia Septerabpr 1837 
McOlure waa promoted to the rank of lieu- 



tenant. Inl838-i)hi?waa«erTinponbnnrilthe 
Ninj^ttra, the f1aR«bip of Conimod«:)re Sandocii 
on thn Canadiiin Inlo'* iliirinjr the rebellion 
(O'BtaSE, p. lOi'Ofi); and from 1839 tQ] 
1H42 in the Pilot in tb« Wrtt Indies. Front 
1843 to i8dO be had cummand of the Kom- 
ney, recoivJnp ship at Havmia; hhJ in Ite- 
cvmbor 1846 ho wiu oppnintod to tho ocMi«t> 
tfimrd, wbirli Ik; iuft iti 1K48 lo eo im lirab 
lioutenant of the InvBSl ijfator wiln CaptatDn 
llird in tht! Arctic oxpwlilion of Sir JnmM'^ 
Clark lla-ift [(j.v] Ifn Hom's n>lurn in the 
autumn of IMO it wan at onni dotennined 
to send oat thn Mtme two dbips t'> rcn»tw 
th« eearpli for Sir .lohn Kmnklin [(]. v.] byl 
way of Behrliiff Straits. Captain IlicbiLixI 
Collinaoti [q.v,] woABppointed to tho Enter- 

?ri8o as wiiii'ir ofEcor of I ho »xp\'diiion, and 
IcClnro, who had shown himself a man of 
I'tiuniy and ri'sourw, was promolfl, 4 Nov. 
1849, to th(! oomiortiiLl nf tli« Itiv>-ali(tator. 

The ships sailud from Plymouth on ^ Jan. 
IRTiO. Aa tb«y pntMod into th" I'«<ntic on 
Ifl April they were ncpanit/'d in a pile, and 
did not again mpet, When McCInre Hrrivt^J 
off Ilonoliilti nn 1 July, li*i found chat the 
Hnterpriae bad g;one on ut once nhesd of him, 
foarful of lo«in(; the short, remains of the 
■ummer. Sailing for the north on 4 .Inly, tho 
Investigntor joined the Plover in Kotzt^biio 
Kniind, 29 July. The Enterprise had tliou 
got. into n xtrMiik of contntry wind*, nitd wiu 
a fortnight liehind. MoOliirp had but faint 
hope of mofting her at the next n?ndcxvon», 
off Capf> l,i*lmrn«; and on departing from- 
Koti«oue Sound hn left a letter for the aii^ 
tnimlty, explaining the course he propo»(»d" 
to follow in the owut of not falling in with 
lh« Knterpri^e. 'After |>asaing Cape l>i*-j 
; bumo,' hu wroI«, ' it is my intention lo kfi ^ 
in tli« ojM^u wiitt^r which apjieurK nhnut thtS^ 
season of llie year, to muse between tba 
Amorican cart and thv main p^ck, lu far to 
tlm eastwanl an tbo l.'KWh m^'ridian, unlasa 
a favourable opening should earliur apiwar 
in thf> ice, which wouhi Iwid mp to infi-r that 
1 might push more diruclty for Banks' [.and, 
which I think it is of the ulmosC importanr*^ 
to thoroughly examine.' The mst- of his 
!wtt«r is an ncrurate forvcast of his proceed- 
inirs for the noxt three years. The aircctton 
foliowwl was of roursu naialy duleruiined, 
not by tlie prospm-ls of diacoT«ring the north- 
west poflitage. but by the hopes of tindiag 
thi! surviviir* of Franklin's party. 

When somo thirty mile.i past Cape Lia- 
biime, the Invesligator fell in with tho 
Hrrald, but though Ciiptnln KeSh'lt did not 
think that the Kntprjirise had passed, and 
HUgge«t/>d that the Investigator had bettor 
wait, ho wotild uot order hot to do *o. 







McClure 



MacCodrum 



McClure tbf wforc proceeded alone. Follow- 
intr tl'TnKtt>i''i"''tiiciiiu<t of Auu^nt'B BK fnnw 
the I'J'tih mi^ridian. li? ninii\l lo llifl nnrtli- 
BMSt, Bud »ailwJ tlirouRh I'hnf* of Wales' 
Strait bc(wiN;n llAHlts' Ladi) ami \VoItiwtnn 
XahJ, lUl biji proifreu woe Blayed by the 
firm icw of Mpmlie Soiind. He wos com- 
pellEKl to tnm toutliwftrd, utd. bv 10 Oct. 
tiul cf>inplt>(i>xl the omn^iuenls ^r wiiiter- 
tnfT in the sinit. A juurnvy aton^ tlia 
C<M»t of Bnnkii' IjuiiI bniiiKbt liiiu tu ilN 
nnrili-^ssK'ni eittivniiiy on iJfS (let,, and aa- 
Ci>u<l)n^' B bill ttomo e'lx buiidn'd fpi^t lii^h, 
b» InoWl iicriiiM till- ii'-iT In Mrlvllk' [ftlniitl 
uid to * l*«m-'sfanliMt ' in l*>;j0[8e<> Pakkt, 
gilS WiLMkM Eim'AUn). No land lay be- 
tween. The north-wftift pASMen inw di»- 
e<i*^rwl- li wa* iKil lill sevenil yearsafter- 
wardfl tbat it ttos known tbat Franklin and 
Uic cjutpaniooK Lad diHCuvtruU atio;bur pu^ 
•we more thftn four ycarA b«for«. 

In the Biunmer of 1851. McCluro, findlus 
il imiHuo'iblatoadvance into Mfrlville Hound, 
rsiniieii his Bifips and, endeavouring to pass 
round Hanks' F^nd, made a mo«t arduous 
and dangerotm navigsiion between tke heavy 
pack and the whor^, lie bad boped to b« 
able to cross Bank»' Strait to 'Parry's &r- 
llu.-»t ; ' but IlnakV Strait vTutu then as im- 
IMMflblu as it bail always b^(?n fonnd : and 
on S3 St-pt. tbi> InvLVti^tor vnit forc<:Hl into 
a bay on thn iiorLhrm j-horuof Kaiiks' Land, 
which, with a et-nse of immi-diatu Mief, 
MeClurv named I be Bay of Mi-rry. TUerw 
tb^ ship rfnuiinM). 

In April Ifsi'J >]cClure witli o slydpu p«rty 
mcft^t^ in cTtBiiinp the Atrait and artu- 
aliy arriving at Winter llarlioiirin Mt-lville 
lalantL He found a nalicr of McCtintOck 
having been there ihit previous Ju»t>, but no 
atarek, wir aewaof proliaWe relief. Tlio sum- 
mer of l^i:2 pasted and tbu InvM(i(jutor wuit 
attU bl'ick<.fl up in tlm Kay nf Mercy, i'ro- 
viaioni were riinnine nhnrl, the men were 
ikllinir Mck, and McOlurv bnil iiiadv his ftr- 
ranfrvrmnt^ for abflndoninc the nhip in April 
1653, whun on the tSth Lit'ulenant Dedlord 
Piui ;"t].T."i of Ibi? lto*olut^^ r^'achnl them 
ft«m ^Iidvillit iKland. .M ('t'lun''.' tirst idea 
wa» to irel what relief was pftssible from the 
Rrwjlulff, and remain, in th(.-hoiioit of fretting 
the Invi-di ijiaior frw in the c«>ur»t> of the 
tatant'T. lie cro«»fdoviT to >l''lvillo IHand 
tooDOSult wilb KvllL-tt ; biitaftur a m^'ditrul 
«ttrv«y of thi« Inrn^Ati^tor'a crew, il was 
nwnlrpd that fiirtber stay was unadviaibk', 
and ilint thi> *hip niiist bi* ahandninitl. The 
ni''nw.'re ihiflt'fnn* onnvoy&d across the ice to 
the Kf^olote, The season, how«vr, prnvcd 
TMy unfavourable. The Re*oliile wiw un- 
*ble lo get to the watwaid, and the Inves- 



ti^tnr'a mon thufl pA.<uw^ afnnrth winter in 
the ice. In April 18oltbey were transferred 
to lh<! North Star, and nrrivisl in Kngland 
on '26 Sfpt, The news of their safety and of 
ihcirffitatdiBejOvery hnd bit-n brought home 
liyLiiiuivriuiit C-n'Sswetl ia the FhofuU with 
Cfaptain Itigleiield in the previoiia October. 

MrClure was, as a matter of funii, tried 
1>y cmrt-uinrtial for tb« bM» of liis nhip, and 
niosi honourably atrquilled, He was afler^ 
wards kniijlMi'd and pruinutnl iitlhit rank of 
oapuin, his mmmiasion bein^ dated hiich to 
18 l>ec. l^'^O. It haa been s^aid that it was 
dated to the day on which h>t nclii»lly dia- 
covtTi'd th# north-west- pasBoge (Dbthjus, p. 
'Jii~). The dale waiir*fally two months later. 
In the s^nsioii of 1855 mr1iami>nt awarded 
a ^ant of 10,WJ/. to the odicers aud c«w 
of the InvestifTfttor. 

In 185(] McCluru was appoiutrd lo the 
l-j»k for •ervice on the Pacifii- station; in 
the following year ha bruunhl her to China 
to n.'inforr">« tbo Hfjundron ihi-n', mid in Dts- 
cwntKr rommnnded a battalion of the naval 
brigade at the cnpture of t'tttiton. He wan 
aftcnvanlf for aomt^ lime senior ofEctT in 
the Straits of Malacca; be was nouilnnled 
a CD. on :;0 May 18oft, and n:-lonK-d lo 
Enf^luud Lu 1^1. He had no further ser- 
vif-p, but waa promoted to be rcar-admiml 
on ^0 March H0~, and vic(^'- admiral, on the 
r*>tireil lii-t,, on 29 .May IfTH. He died in 
Dulte Street, St. James's, on 1" Oct. 1873, 
and was buried un tli" H'lXU in K«nsal 
Gri'en cemetery. 

ilcClure, accordtof; to Osbnru, who knew 
him well, "was stem, cool and VioUl in all 
p<;ril*, st'veri! as a dificiplinariau, sclf-relinat, 
yet minlest as bceanii- an ollicor, With a 
pranilo liko vi«w of iluiy to hi.-t country and 
profitH-ton, hu wimld in war have U-en a 
rreat leader: and it was his p>ud fortune, 
duritip a piirind of pFiffiiuiid |»"«c<*, (n find a 
field for all those Tnluahle nnalilies.' He 
married in 1 i^S* Con^tnnn.' Acin.d«uitlil«ir of 
Hichard H. Tudor of liirkenhend. Hia por- 
trait, by S. I'earce, is in tb« po»(M«nun of 
ColoDel Barrow, F.ll.S. 

[Dublin Uuivarsity MaKaaioe, M.-irch 185J, p. 
334 ; D'Byrne'* NaT. Bii>^. Dicr, ; Journal of tho 
Royal Ocogniphical Suiieiv. vol. sliv. p. rixais ; 
TimM, 31.33, 27 0«t. 1873; Hhirsrvj Osljom's 
Dlaeorny of a Nonh-West PasKSL'c (lli* »liLion 
lienMi-femd to is tl>n Jth. 186fi); Armalraog's 
Diifov^r* of rhd North- West I'rwMiga: AvayMia' 
Tra^Ml and Advioturo in tho Arctie Bngiona; 
Crn^woll's Eight Skotchoa of the VoTaga of 
U.M.S. InTBslig-tnr.] J. K. L. 

MACCODRUM, JOIIN(^. ir50).r.ftelio 
poet, the run of a peoaant, was bom in the 
vurtier part of the eighteenth oetxHw^, ^n 



Norlb l.'Ut,»a<l i& kuowu as iLu North L'ist 
bonl. His yuutli wai spent on his fatLiTS 
brm, uud Lti rveuivMl no eoti of educattmi. 
Wliun s youlb a fancied iiuult at a wedding 
led liim to compose bis 6rst remes. The rang 
garv much oHriicv, and th« aiitkor did nCit 
dprlaiv liim^lf, bin his &rher, bapprning to 
have overbeanl MscCodnun rwite tbe Terecs 
b«lbr« they beeame lniovn,cxactMl a promise 
from tb« boy to do oothinif of the kind again. 
The promise appeon to liavo bt-ou fuitlifully 
ki^ until tiur itther'i dcaili^ wkcn hu a^ia 
begut (o cDDapoM satirical renm. Oue of his 
lampoons ao irriratcd tUo tailors of the dis- 
trict that ihcy rvfusud to makcclotbis fur him. 
Sir Jiunr-.t MacUonuliI, the pmjirit^tcir of the 
island. hiipiM.'ning' to moet tlii> poi>t in rsga, 
int^iiireil lli>; n'mtaa ofhiH pnviTlv.itnil liaviag 
hfiaM theobj'actiottable ver^ea recited, forlb- 
vrilh appointed MacCodrum bis bard, with a 
grant of friKf land anri an nnnuul gratuiry of 
meal and cKf*«e. MacCodriiiu enjoywl this 
potronnp> under succeuive lairds until his 
ueatli, about the close of ihu century. Hv is 
buried At Ilou^bary.ahamli-tin North Uist. 
31acCodnim vru,» tho lost bard of tbi< )Iuc- 
DiiiiatiLi. |]i:)rerM;a nrr in(mllr«itirirjil nml 
political, and bis work has nflver hivn cwl- 
Ircl.'d. Two of his bwt poems (' Old Aru ' 
and 'Whisky') appear among ihi? poxniit 
of bis contemporary Alexander MadAinald 
[q. T.] Id- hiLs bwn frw^uently n-forred to 
in coujiect ion with the O»»ianto controvi^rMy. 
SirJAinc4 MoclMiittld.ina k-lter to Dr. ttlair 
in 17tjy, memioiK'd iln ifrL'ttt nuinber of k*- 
gendary poem* t-inuIiLr tu tliost^ pulilisliml by 
jlacphi-rvou whit;b MacCodrum ciiiildn^citc, 
mid 111 otia of tliii di-^Tlarntioiw ( Ewnu 5lno- 
pbtinioii's) pttbliuhed in lh« Ili>rblnnd So- 
ci<'tv'si'K»piirt nn tbf.' I'oems of Oseian'it la 
s&ia that wiien .^^acIlhf■rs<^rl wn* Iravclling 
in Ni>rt!i UisI liu met .MHcCodrum and a^kta 
him if he Itnivw tiny Kinpalion poems. The 
request was coucbud In «iich bud Ga«.-Iicihiil 
Che]Met madufuu of liiaquestioHur, who tHfl 
turn in a paj(i>toti. 

[Tho Celiic MnffannB, tqIs. iii. tIi.. contains 
critical papuH on MacCodmm and ■pcoitn^nsitf 
biarerw in Uaotic .SMal«oIldi^rkani:ii>'>>[l(u(iilies 
ofGHBlic Pui>try ; Report QdT tb« Jliuhlund S':*- 
datyunOsHiuD'a Posnu.] J. II. 31. 

MACCOISSE.ERARD.ortrRAED(rf. 

10i;;(), Irish chfoiiiili-r, «■«» bniti^lit up at 
ibi.- iMiirl of Kinjt Muircbtjorlndi, 'of tho 
Ipftthtr cloaks' (E>n)-tt>, «inl bcrunjp liitor 
10 hi>i son Domuall, aftcrwopdA liirig of Tn)- 
Isnd. Hi- vriw HiibKi.<<(Hi>ntlT poet tn .Mael- 
eechliiiim nr .Miilachy II (tt. 10221. Fire 
pm'fTiB mi'l on" prose coinpr»iiion, all in ih* 
Iriab laiigiiagi:-, ore atlributiHl to htm. The 



first is a poem of twcnty-eeven etanias 
praise of .Malachy It and the principal Irish 
ebieftaijis of Ids lime. It was written after 
tbe death of Itriao Boroimho [aeo Ubias], 
who ix rnvntioni'd in it. The fweoud, of &Ciy- 
twi> Mamas, ia in tbe form of a dialo^e 
between himself and MacLiag. chief poet to 
KingHrian, mch praising the chirnaina of^ 
his own aide and enamerniing tbe favot 
recinTed from th»nn. The third, of twenty-' 
»is stanta-4, i« ftddresswl to a htwc and bene- 
factor of bis, Maelruanaidb, chief of Mogb 
Luirg, in tho j>re*ent l>aruny of Boyle, and 
second son of Tn.lp of the Towi-r. king of 
Conuaugbt. The ftiurlb piece, of tWHutj- 
two atanzas. presents considerable difficulties. 
It purports to relate to « Fvr^l Oltuairc, 
assumed to bare heeu killed at the battle of 
Clontarf. There are only two porsous of 
the name metitionrd in Innh lii<ilory, one of 
whom, known a-i sen-Fefgal, or tbe earlier 
Fergal, died in HtU: the olh«r, Fergalu|[, or 
the latCT.in HC7; hut aa tho hattleof Clon- 
tarf took place in 1014, the poem cannot 
apply to either of tbcm. Dr. O'Donovon 
come» lo the conclusion that tb!^ poem wm 
oriffi Dally compared as an elegy on Malacby, 
and at a later period was altered uud inler- 
pciUtnl, tbe name of Ferjrnl being substituted 
ckrougbuut for that of Mahichy by a partisou 
of tbe O'Kiinitcjt after ihcy hud purchased K 
rombat Olonmncnois.and wi^brd to reji resent 
their connection with thot famous burial- 
pla«e aa of carlior date. 

MacCoisse's pi\»e lale relates to an attack 
on tbe poet's hoiiAe at Clara in tbe Kinr'a 
County adjoining Wwimmth, when me 
0'>;i?ilU carried off bis furniture and cfittle 
and destroyed hia houMi. After the outrage 
tbe poet prtwenlrd htm)ielf at the palaee of 
AilMh, near Deny, and beitiff graciously ft>- 
ceivt'd bv King liiimuall, oft'<'n-d lo n-cile a 
new tale entitled 'The Plunder of the Caatlo 
of MaeUmiWothaob,'or*Mael(>fthe lioiifywl 
won!*,' in wbieh MocOoisse told tbe story of 
llio plunder of bis bouseia altabelaisi&a si vie 
oud under assumed namea, The poet finally 
informed ihu king that bo liitQself was tb« 
person wronged, and that il vss tbe king's 
followers who had done tbe deed. Flonn, 
liuad of tbe sclmol of Clonmncniii^, was then 
called on bv tbe king In asatsj tbe datuitge«, 
and lie onlc-red full restitution to be made, 
t<^tber with n fin« of fniirleeu cuma/i, 
eijuivalent to forty-two rows, and olao ' tbe 
breadth of bis fuee in (told,' A strange Ic^rend 
of MocCoifcw i* told in the Irish ' N'enniua.' 
lie is there said to have restored to her friends 
a woman wlio wbllo very ill was spirited 
away by di.'mons and changed into a swan. 
MacUoisse'a date presents some difllcul- 




McComb 



McCombie 



%»±. Accordifi^ to the'Fnur Muicn' he 
died M Clcmnumaia in IO:f^, bul tbo * An- 
nals of llgemacb,' urnler 1R>U, record ihiit 
*L*nir<l UKCuis».>,ehitrri)<wt uflh>?Iriati,']ivtt 
{moriuH* t*t') iti jK-iiitciice ni (.'liminiicni^U.' 
l»'Keilly in his work on Irish writers rn- 
Ipnlf^l i1ki*c (iitriv* n« n-fcrrinK lo diflim-nt 
|ienoDJ; but <)*l'nm- ami O'Donnvan Insnt 
tlieni M bo:h rclntinf; to Iha poet of t\w 
«1fVi>oth ccnttiry. (>n tht«««Miii)>tion Dr. 
U'l>onov»n proi)o>ed lo unnul the entry in 
TiffFmurh \\y n-ailing moratua etl ; but, 
a]nin Cntm ih<! fat^t chat iLcru are no (i\- 
uuple* of i-uch flii vMry, the exprewirm 
lurd ia the *Chroni«on fscotoriim.' asothf^r 
Tvnioo of iho ' AnnoU,' it moritur, to which 
lb* pronoAHl ain«ndmmt will not apiily. 
0^1b>)]Ir8thi<*>r,vap|»Bnt lie worthier of ouDp- 
tjon. Dt- O'Dtiniivnn iiiul O'nitrryK^flm not 
lo bkTa been awar« chat ihf^re was anolher 
poet of tike nani9, the auibor of the fx- 
inmri; curiotu poevi on the g^ofrrniihy of 
<Im world tmaerred in the ' Booli of Leiuster.' 
B« held tw ofHce of preloctor in tho achool 
of Row Ailitfaar, now JtoM Carh«rj in tb« 
oonaty of Cork, and whm t!b« school was 
daatro^cd fay ihu l>uni'F. b» iTCunl«l in lii« 
' ^ Annala of IiiUfallcn,' in Vl'J, be was takfn 

Trifoaor and curri-.-d otT bv th«m to ^cattery 
tluiil in th<- Slinnnon, lint wit* ranttomrd 
by Rrion, aftcrwariU hin^of Ireland. The 
'AnnnU of Inisfallon ' are connderAbly aot^ 
4lalrd, and lliwi* i-vi-nt* miiftt ha^-p owiirwd 
Terr nt*ar '*M, when the i-arlit-r -Mact'oisBe. 
f... 1 1... PMin of th« M^bool of Itoas, tuay have 
' ClouniacMois and diod there. His 
■. uanw ia nn( |{iven, and it in quite 
I he also may have been called Erord, 
I nani^ mrnning ' noblo,' and nlwi i'\>iAl 
TTrardond roranl,wa9 of frequent occurrence. 
[(("ClUTy's ifannent aaii Costoms of the Aa- 
nt Iriab, 1873. ii, 12J-36 ; Joarnal KilkoDDy 
'.Ai^mlocfca) Society, ovwttr. i. 3'll--d4, Diil>- 
liD. i^iS: Annals of FonrUaKt«rB,nt A.n, HKH; 
Chmauiin ScMnnin. KoM* Scr , p, 233; flook 
■ ''. r (fiK^imile>,pp. 135, 13<li ]ri"H N«n- 

Archn-oloeiml AK«o«iiition, Dablin, 
::-..■■: ,1 i;i0.211; M.S. 23. !-, 31. HoyM Jmh 
AeAdtiay: Rawliiuon 11.512, tT. I09.!'(.] T. 0. 

M<<JOMB, WIl .MA M ( 1 71)»-It*73), poet, 
•on of Thom&.i McComb. a draper, wn» Dom 
»tColer<iint', count vljondouderry, on ITAuR. 
17tVi, ni« mother's name wa«Fo«tcr. .\f)vr 
Runring a fair e<lucauon in bh untivii (own, 
rIm waa apprentifed to ThomoA U'N^itl, a 
SoUait «ho1aM]odrBpcr,bul in a sborl tium 
bift him, and, afl<T und^-f:gninff a counwof 
tiainin^ ia canned ion with the Kildan> Place 
KocipIv, Ihililin, iH-cnmr Irachrr of Krown 
lkn>«t'daily whool in Bellut. In If^JH he 
sbasdoiMdt«achinKaDdcointiienc«d buainem 



Oft a bnokadhMrin )[ijfhSire«t. Bi-lfii«t,wh«ra 
huKwnhadalhrivinflrode. lnl^Ohe»ta- 
bliotii-d ' )lcComb's I*tw§bTt«riBii Alninuoc,* 
which bccuuL' u favourite auriuul in llii< north 
■ if irelaiii). He took a dt^t<p intvn-at iu ttiuiy 
of ihiT cbnritalilu institutions of Rtrlfa^t, and 
wiwoiiBof iht- foiindiTtiiiii] thf tirwl In-aimror 
of tiie risterlnRtiiiitionfor the EdupJiiionof 
the !>i'iif and Ihiinb and th« JlUntl. In WH 
herctircii iVom buoiiK-A.^, tindon l.*t fvpt. Ift73 
died at his retidence, Colin ^ iew Terrace, 
Il('tf(i*t. IIo vras int<>rn.-d in IlilUborongh 
churchyard. 

Karly in life McComb be^n to writ* 
pociry, hifi firet t-tTiiMous aptHwrinj! in local 
iivwfpnpwr*. In l^l" hi*' Uirnroof O'Neill ' 
was published, 'The School of ihe Sabbath* 
iu IMi?, ' The \*oi(.'« of a Year, or Itvc^llec- 
lioii«of 1848, with other Pot-ni*,' in 1M6, 
and a collected edition of hi« Toclical 
AVurltN* in I&IU. ]!•' wmt aim author of 
many furtive piece* wliii^h ap])eared in bis 
'AIninuac,' in ttio newspapers, and clw— 
wht-rtt. llo wrote grocofully and with lojsle 
and fn'ling. 

Ho was t«-ictt marrivd, firtt in 1810 to 
Snruh Johngou of Ilill-boroujih, who died in 
1M*7, and n&condlrtn |S:IU toKlizaI)nrkley, 
widowofCapluinllobiTt WiLlkinshawCninp- 
ln-ll of IHfiL'l. who ftiirvivod hiiu. Ho hod 
several nhildn-ti. 

[.Stench iaMc<'omli'H Almnnae fori S"4; inEw- 
mation snppiird by Mr. iTamiu OlMhnd of KbI- 
fatt. MrOomb** lUcccMor in busiatw ; perMnol 
kHowh-dg-.] T. H. 

M(<;OMBrE, WILLIAM (IWO-1870), 

journalist, eon of a stuoll fanner, whs bom at 
Ciiimballoch. in the norinh of .Mford, Aber- 
deen, on B May Ir^w. His only education 
was at parish seho>ils, and at iin viirly age ho 
becaUB a labourer on hi.* futhi^rV farm, llo 
noon ahowe<l a ta^te fur Ittcruture, and local 
debatinff societies gave htm un opportunity 
of cultivating hU Inli'ntx. Elix earlit-r essays 
wer« published in Ixmdon in lt*35, under 
the title of Houia of Tboojjiii/aiu! wetw re- 
cominendiHl by 1>t. (Tmlnii^rft to his studnnts. 
While mill enirnfced in iixriculturnl work, he 
liejriin to contribute art K-li'j" 10 mwnpanrmnnd 
to the 'British Qiiarlcrly llevii-w.' In iRliJ 
hejoint'il the staff of the 'North of Scotland 
liuielte,' and nflcrworOs pmiiinted lb'- e«ta- 
blishmcuLof th()'Aberd<.i:-ii Pnily Frcel*r*9»,' 
wliich first upeared in IKhl under his editor^ 
chip. U« liefd tilts posit ion till bia death in 
AbKrd«ra on tl Mar IB70. 

McCombie woa (or many yearn a mainstar 
of libi^ral politics in the north nf Scotlana, 
but fail* intetvsta wflr*- \i-rv varittl. as bia 
workssbow. Uia*IIoiinofTbought'r«aclwd 



McCombie 



MacConmidhe 



' 



K ibird tfdilion in ItVjl}. Ilia otUer publica- 
tions wen: 1. * Unitv and Scliiam,' 1838. 
S.*MoralA|^iic>-,'1841. S.'LireandHemaioB 
of Alexnndi^r llathuue,' 1844, 4. ' (^ital «nd 
l.nl)(jur,' i>m\. a. ■ I-^ssfivH on Education/ 
I8r,7. 0. 'Modftni Civitiintiim,' JHH4 ; «nd 
7. 'A PntnpMt-ton the ItihIi LandQueaUon,' 
18fi&, H" Iiiid bi.t*n iictm»tnnnwl tn prwuii 
OPCftwinnflllj in hapiiiit and ntluT pulpits, and 
Atti-r bis di.>allL his dau^htvr edited a volume 
of hi* ^rmODS, IN" I. 

[Al.cnl(i-fi JJnilT h'nn Prew, 13 May 1870; 
BfiL Mu*. t'At.] J.h. K. ■ 

M( COMBIE, Wn.LTAM (ISOfi-IS«l), ' 
cnllli^-liri^cdt'r, born lit Tillyfrtur, Abprdofln- 
0hin>, in H-O.'j, was youiiffer son of Charles 
McCoinliic, n Inrffi! fiirnicr nnd cnltlw-dcrikT, 
lie -wns (^diicaied at the parinh school and 
AbtrdpiMi L'nivorsitT, but refused 1o follow 
uuy ciiUini; t'\c<'^t ihat I'f his futhi-r. Thv 
b^ginniiis of rudwny inillir niid thf im- 
jruvcmcnt uf lucricult urul uivthudf and ittock 

fat ClLtll*^-dl'«tiIl8: iH'pdfld reform, In I&IO 
1)W hepin In brwd hi nek- polled cnttb', iind 
foundt'd the ht'td with which hie name t« 
asKocinted. Up wa§ the first iScoltiah fxhi- 
'bitor of fat cattlo at Itirminehniu, and he 
■won ill all 'iver five liutidn-il jirvat iiri<es, ' 
ineluding the cup pivnn hy I'lmc-fi Albvrt 
for lh« Iwsl niiininl uf Ihu trench or fori^gn 
clnui<-a lit Fiiiwv ill ISti'J, nntl ii nimitar 
honour at. lh« Paria Exhibition in 1878. In ! 
iKIt" the ipifL'ii visiti'd 'rnivfi>iir to ini^pi-ct. 
thf famous ht'rd, when Mr(*'nmhii' pithcrod 
top^^thvr fmin his farms four huiidrvd head 
oflilnck rjiltle. It^'i'idos hi* patllc-brei-dina; 
McCombio gave gjeut attention to agricul- 
ture, and WFin cue of the largfut fannenr in 
Abfttdwiixhirt', lu ]80'< Ir- ivaif ntumvd lu 
a libi-ral xviLhout opjmsitiou to rt!]>n-i>e!iil the 
WL'ElL-ni dirii^itiii of his nntlrii county in piir- 
lianii/nl, titul war llx.t lir>>t tnnant fiirnmr rt~ 
pw.«pnt.(itivi' from Scotland. In 1>^7-1 ha was 
rv-eK't-t'iilliyularjieraajfjriiy- Eailinifht.'alth 
conipt-llfd him t« rCiMfni i" I'^Tfi^and ht- spoor 
thi> t^bi of hi» life Dt Tillyfour, whi^^h he had 

Iiurrhii»ed in lH7u,oii the rlonth of his i'ldi>»t 
iMthiT. Ho died tintnarriM on 1 >Vh. |S?«). 
Ilia work, 'C'ailte and Cntll''-bn''''di,'r>i.' 
first piibliAhod in 1867, reached a fourth 
edicion in IttsO. 

[Abertlcru Dnilj- Vw Pivu, 3 Fnb. 1fl80.] 

J. K, M. 
MACCONMTDHE, GIlX-MtltlGHnF. 
( rf. I2'i'.i>, liii-lorian and po^^t.wn* a member 




'/ 



o( a fnmily whicb for morp thim thifH- 
ci'nturiwt at'lt'd an hftrfdilari* p-ii^t.i of the 
Oinl^lEo(IhRiIl,th^•l^'Xeills,awd their kindred 
wpla. Ho was bom about 1200, and wrola 



a poem on Cotbnl Croibhdhearg CConor 
[o. v.] during Ibt- lifi-liine of that king, who 
djsd m l-J-^i. iiriaji O'Neill, chief of tlie 
C'inel Eo^liain. oiiee ^are him (w«otT horni 
CDW4 ^flcli<; bo iiliuiuinuch) for a pwrn, an 
on anotbwr occaaimi, aftar llwi ftalivitit^ of 
Mav day, guve him iwonly cowb, buidea pold 
anctclolbm^. Whi^n nnl ntlL'ndii)); 0'Ni.nll 
the poflt iravi'lled thmufrh Tyrone and I'frry, 
and frequently viaui-d the chief of the Clim 
0'(iAirin1efldhaij;h,'U'hnw:bUK-)'yi<«hopraiM>«, 
and Anilaibh, chi«f of the U'Laithbbear-^^J 
t^ii^lis. Kf wot) with Drian O'Neill at thi^^H 
battle of Down in 12fi(), wht'nthatchicfwM^^ 
alain by the Ijord-justice Si«ph«i l^ouff- 
«!p6(.'. The kinff's hend was gooo when liia 
body wae found im ihu field, and tho povl 
bolievfd that it had been neul to Henry 111 
uf Ei](;latid. llu at LL'iidt<d t he body to Armoffti, 
wliert! it wii* Imrii'd i-n ibe tinrtli nidi* of tit* 
church, west of tlid tomb of Brian Bomimlie 
fn, v.] Ifp iiUn vinili'd the di»ort at Iferry, 
wWni the body of (I'Gairmltiadhaij^h, who 
wsM also slain at Down, was buried. Us 
then wrote a lament. of 280 li nfle on tho dvfoal 
and the death of llrinn, lu this hv rvc«ll* 
tho achicTcmonta of the fine] 1-]o^hain. hotr 
they dtTutili'd the Oir^hiulla and the L'lidiaus, 
and made llit! Pun<-a of Dublin nay tribute; 
how in very old times tbev made cheasmca 
uf theb<Knf»of dvfvatetl l.tfmeti^mieii, ciirried 
off Ciwllnrhan fq. v.^, kin|r of MunM«-r, and 
miidtj Conchobhsr, king of Connaught, a cap- 
tive. Tiion he praises IfXi-ill and his (illiftd 
chieftainH, tolls of ihe baiile and the »laiit( 
and ends with an invocation of St. Itridf^ct. 
I'Wr copies of the pofin wciw known t« 
U'llonovau, who from Ih*? oldt-al, a vellum 
manuscript, bulon^in^ to John Nuj^vnt at 
Fiirruni-oiinfll, co. Caviiii, printxil tltn text 
with a tranalalion in th« ■ >li»c<'Hnnv of th« 
C'-ltic Society,' Dublin, 1849. The name w 
eiomi'litnea erroneously anrliHw^d MacNnmi^. 

^ubsetjuent members of this literary family 
who are mcntiont-d in the Irish chronicle* 
are: 

Eachmorcach MacConmidhe (t/, 1420), 
poet. 

MHr>li:-n >I«C'>iimidho(f/. 14-'M),o]lav (i,«, 
ebronicier) of DWeill, 

Tiidh); MacCunmidliP (^(/. 1493), piK'l, ran 
of (-'.otic bub bar Kuadh, iiml fp^ndxoii of Each* 
' marcach.whuwas murdered by one of his own 
lirnrhm^ui. 

.'^olamh Marfonmidhft (//. loOTI.ollaT of 
O'Nxill, famniis in ^>nerat literature sii<l 
jioetry.sor of John (*t 30 Oct. 1507). 

Mrian MftcC'onmidbn (ti. ]n42), man of 
letters, cursed ljy M nc I (oh bartaif^h, keeper of 
I the Cruas uf Culumcilk*, fur iiiautting tbo 
croaa. 



Rriftn MiieConmi<1he (d. 108$), poet, eon 
of DoDogh. 

[Aniiata ItiofhitctilA EirwutD. «d. J. (VDoacf 
Tsa ; Originfll Vo«n on IfattI* of Down in Mia* 
ecUanr of CfUic Sue., od. J. O'UaBoraa. 1849.1 

N. >(. 

McCOyNZLL,WaUAM(183a-1807), 

Ulu.-iniliie artiat, Ixim in 1838, ined« hm 
murk t;Brl)r in life ke a draii^htirtniu) nn vrnod 
of tlluntnt) ion* to books uf n liumoroiis 
CKtaTf. Among liiH f-arlio'tt. wnrbft were th« 
jllueinuions to '.'liver OlJfetlow's ' Our 
, Scluwil ■ ( 1 fv>7 ), G. F. rarddTi'ft ' The Moallis' 

i]85rtj,amIG. A. Sola's *Tvficti Round lh« 
'UkV i ' th« last work BltTwcled coiuidenible 
•ttrnlion. Sab««]ucntly, lion-ovcr, McCon- 
oeli frll iuto ill-lii-ttltli, wliicli iuiuedod his 
jTOgrt M in liii profeMion, and alter b<?tn^ 
rniMTuuftiy tuiJiKTlvd in liia lud tlii^e by Lis 
brotlter artial.t, lie died of coiuiiinpt inn iu 
London on U May 1867. A few w«eka 
'befbru hU di'ktli III! iriadt' n si^rim of rniigh 
hnmoroiui sketcbea, which h« did not live tn 
ti»xm on thi- wn(>>], but wMch uore piib- 
[lUlhed after liin death undrr tlic titV of ' I'p- 
ndt* Down, or Tiu-iiov«?r Traits,' with iUii*- 
tniivd Vfnet by Thomas Hood the younf^r. 

[Art Journal, 19$1, p- 1 73 ; Brit. Uus. CaL ; 
iKwfcji illoMtHtAil by McL'oi>n«ll,| L. C. 

MACCORMAC, tlKXKY. M.D. (1800- 
ISMt), phyMciaii, Imm iit Fnirlaivn, co. Ar^ 
no^h, in 1^00, wasann of Cornelius MacOor- 

t'Swc.an ofBcvr in lI.M.nH%-y. Having studi'ed 
at Dublin, I'ari.sniid}'^] inbiirifh, 111' fifradiiati^d 
H.h. in the la^i uuivereify in l&Sl, and in the 
«atue year bf^ntnr a lit-rntinte of thi; Itoyal 
CoUe^of SurjreoDsof Kdinburjfh. He llu-u 
detcrinin<-d lotravi-land journeyed to Africa. 
Ai> <-rvi>iiinpth)- Capo of Good Hope, lin Weill 
laSivrral.«H>ii^bvl!itid,iindn«ariv«u(!cuiDbi<(t 

tto an at lark of junf;ie fever on tLe wav. Ho 
abvMjiient Iv made tworoyagtut to tliL' Unitivl 
'8lateji. Soon nftennnla be commenced tirae- 
tioeavupbysicianiDBelfaot.wbecvbUabilitiea 
went rwoffnised, and he wan nnpninl«d phy- 
•ieian to the Itovnl Uospital, then known as 
the lt-']li»t Frvt'r llMpiIiO. In 183:2 Asiatic 
cbolrfa prpviiiK-d in KelfMt.ftnd .MacComiric 
wa> nppointtKl to lake cliar|i« of tbe cbolera 
limptial^ and n^ccivtvl a hundfome tmtt- 
Biotiinl luid the thanks of tbe cilijwux forbid 
exeriion^. He iraA subaMtaently ehosen vUit- 
inx phviiiinan to ibc Ilt'lfur. UtsLrict Lunatic 
Asylum^ an olTict- whii-b be brUl imlil Ium 
duaih. He won brought about a marked 
cbangx in th» condition of th« inniatea hy 
liis inalilenco upon more ^neratu dietnry, 

■ ■ltd duriDKanotticrepidemicof cholera, there 

' WSA not a Ain^Ie d>.-Atb in th« a«Tluni, which 
ucribed to careful canit«tioa and tb« 




prophrlact^c admini*trtilion of dilnt4?d mine- 
ral acids to ibti pattciiis. 3lacConuaL- wb« 
alao for a time profeasor of the theory and 
pmctiocof medicine In the Hoyal Ikdfiul In- 
stitution. In l&*')7 he wan a caudidntii for 
the chair of tnateriu medico in the (Jueen's 
UoUcge, Beifn«t. For inaity yearn he cn- 
joyed an extenaive consultation pmctire, but 
DeRTadutilly became mon- iWvoted to literary 
andAciirnliGc atudT,Aii'l about 18118 herelin- 
quiiitied the active duties of his pcofeeaion and 
devoted himself to wntint^booKH. He is aoid 
to bare poBBesst'd a knowledge of at lea«t 
twenty laDkTuagvf, and was speciiiHv devoted 
to tbe study of comparativi? philoloj^y. In 
his iiii'dicat Ireaiuvs tbe to|i:e» on nliiclt bo 
most inniatt-il were bis method of prerention 
and ireiitmeDlofconsiunptiou and thu danger 
of iiiitnlinf; pn-bnnil hed air. Hi' ur^i^ rivy 
strvingly tbe necee^ity of muiniainiug tbii 
pnrity of the air. II" wii* kIhh an ardL>nk 
advoratii of active phyiiieal ex^rci^o in tfaa 

Srenervalion of health. MscC'onnac died on 
rt Miiy li<»> nt Fisberwick V\ac'\ IVlfast. 
By Ilia wife Slary, daughter of William 
Xewsnm, he wa* the fotborof Sir William 
^neConnnc. the omlnont nurgeoii. 

.MucCormnc'a writings include: I. 'A 
Trenliw on tbeCaui-cand Cure of Honiatiou 
of SjM^ob or .Stninmrnu^,' tvo, Lond. lS2t!. 
2. *t>nthe hestmeanaof ImprovingtheCon- 
dition of the Workinjr C'lii*»e*,' 8vo, Lond. 
lJ*;tO. 8. '.An Expositinn of tbe Notnre, 
Treatment, and Prevention of Continued 
I'Vvrr,' Svo. Uind. IWMi. 4. * The I'hilofiophy 
of Human Niiture in lU Fbytiical, lutelle4>- 
tiud. and Moral Ki-Ialioits.' bvo, ]>ood. 
l9^{7. li. ' .Muthudii» Mudendi, or ihu Do- 
Hcription and Trentm«'iit i>f tbe principal 
Hiseasee int^ident to the Human Frumct^ 
8vi,, I.<ind. \H-l-J. U. Mill the Connection 
of .'Mmnsiiberic Impiiriiy witli Diaesae/ Svot 
IHTi^, conlnbuled to the Bi'IfoHt Social Id- 
quirv Sociity. 7. 'Moral Sanaiorv Kconomy,' 
»<To,'Bella8t. 1«&3 (two editioiis). (*. 'On 
iho Nature, Treatment, and Preveiition of 
I'utmonnry Consumption,' >ivo, Loud. 18&G ; 
^itd edit. I8<t6. Translat iono appcAn-d iu 
UrriDanandinUutob. 9. ' OnTub'-n'le.'Kvo, 
Ik-lfMt, 1800, read before the Edinburgh 
Medico-Chimrgical Society. IU. ' Twenty 
Apborisme in re«poct to H(.'aItb,':^-tmo.Loud. 
iK."*?. II.' Anpinil ion» from tin- [mier, tl« 
Spiritual Life,' Hvo, L-*!!'!. IHOO. ll>. 'Mo- 
liiniiiH, u rit-ft for the Innanc,' 8vo, l^oud. 
lt*tJl. 13. 'The I'ninlo** Ivxtinctionnf Liffi 
in Animals designed for Human Food,' 
fivo, Lond. I8til. 14. -On Syntbewd as 
taking I'rect.'denee of .Vnalyiiiit in ICducationi' 
fro, Lond- lW7. Id. 'Consumption and 
tba Air re-bi«otluMl ... a Sequel to tba 



I 



Treatiw aa Oonnuniptiori,' 8ti>, Loud. 1K72. 
In tliQ eamu Tear lie publislu!^} a reply la the 
reriewRrkof tliitt IkwIc, 16. 'How to l*n— 
Berre Health on thi; Oa!d Cftast,' ftvo, [»nd. 
1874. 17. ' 'JTn; Conversation of a Soul with 
Ood.aTh.-'odicy,'.Sro,LonJ.IH77. ]8. '.Mnnil 
Secular Kductiliou for tLelmlil'eopUrcrEue 
UUramoDt&nifit luHtilment.'Hvo.Loiid. I>i7t>. 

19. ' Eliolo^ orTiibt-rclii, with ConiuieiiU 
on I»r- K. Kocl.'s Bacilli; Hvo. Loud. It*:!. 

20. 'Thu Atr-Cuni uf Tubereulnr Coosump- 
tioi) an (■unduvU-il at IlBriiii ami tLu Knga- 
dine.' 8vo, Ijond. 1683. He also wrot« on 
'CLolvta mill iu Am.'et by Dilute .Vcidii' 
(two tr«alts<^n), ami on ' Thi! ( )in'ii-Air Treat- 
ment of FivtT.' yrom thn Greek he trans- 
latinl tliir ' Mttlitationx' of tli« Emperor Mar- 
cos Aureliu3 Aiironiniui, togetlier willi the 
'Manual' of Hpictetus, l^ino,ll!M4. He Uft 
extensive maau^cript works on philology and 
inasnitjr. 

lilcUaat New* Letter, 27 Mny 1BSS, p. B; 
Lanoet, A June 1889. p. XOW; Itnli«h MedicJi] 
Joamnl, & Jaae 1886. p. 1UE18; Alcdkal DirK- 
tory for 188S ; Bril. Mus. CaU] G. U. 

Mf-CORMIOK, CHARLES (I"jflF- 
If'llj ), hUloriiin anil binRr*?''"'"' '"'"' I'jf'i' 
ITt'ia. was son of CharlM Mi-t'onnick of 
Ratltlieiil. near Limerick, ffi'iiilpmaii. He 
ki-'pt hia terms ax a student of tbi- MiilHIe 
Tijiaple, ].iua<lon. On l>i July 17^^! lie ma- 
trlciilaled at Oxford an a lueniber of St. 
i\ur\ Hull, and on 18 Jtinu 1701 hi! gra- 
diiiiti*d It.C'.L. He aWndoned law foe lilera- 
ture. and died in London £0 July IWT, m 
p^ior (bat an tippi-nl wa« made to ibi> public 
on h#>half of hia widow. 

His works are: 1. 'The lUatoryof Eng- 
land, from th* Ik'fltb of Ooor^i- rbi* S<'cniid 
to the Peace of 1783. Designed as a Con- 
tinu&lioTi to Hume and Smolli-tt.' .1 rob*. 
Lond. n.d, 12mo. 2. * Tlie Kticrct Ui^lory 
cf tliB Court and Ui--i|ni of Cbiirlcs tbc 
8<>£ond, hy a Metaher ol Iiia Privy Couueil 
. . . with NotM and a Siipplenjunl by the 
Editor,' a vols. I-ind. 17»l!, Sro. S. ' Mo- 
moira of . . . Edmund Uurfee; rr an im- 
partial lleview ofhisl'rivatfll.ifT'', his I'nhlic 
Condiiirt, &c.. int<!r*^r»(xl with . . . Kx- 
traels from hi« Secret CorrMpondenc^' with 
flomc of tho mo^t dislinf^i«lied cbarnclers 
in Europe,' I^nd. 17&7, 'Jni edit, ITIW, 
4to, ' a die ffpscc fill piere of party virulence ' 
(Lowxpwi. 4. 'Lifrhl JtvadinB' "t Lei«ure 
Hour** I'linon.l, Lond. \i*i>Ki, I2mci. fi. A 
-continual ion of Itnuia'a Ilistyry of Knplsnd. 
Hi* tx -uiid to bare UfL collecciotia in manu- 
Bcript for » hiiitory of Irvluud. 

itiji portrait, biw been ei>i:ravfid by Ttidley 
firotn B painting by CurbuulU. 



[GmL Map. 1 807, ly. 88», «73 ; Etxm'b OtU 
of EujraTwI PorUaiia. n. J88M ; Walt's BibL 
Brit.; Lowndes's J)iM. Man. (Bohn). p. H31: 
C4l. of OjfotU OnwIiiatM, ISSl,;. 428; Fuater'n 
Alumni Oxoo. iii. 890.] T. C. 

^ MAOCORMICK,JOSEl'H(1733-]7iK>), 
Scottifeb divine, eon of John MaoLVtrmicli. a 
mini^tvr at Hi.. Andn-ws, wn« Ikith in thai 
town 'J2 Jan. 1733, He trradaated M.A. at 
Wt. .\i»!rew» Univvr'iiT in 1750 and was 
prantedu buraary in tbrtilogy from tbrt ani- 
vvr»iiy etcbequet jn the hubo year. After 
servitij^ for Miino y^ar* m liitor in the Hep- 
burn family he entered in 175t> npon trioU 
bwforv the presbytery of Dallieith ; this bodv 
found itwIrunablA co overlook Maoconniclr* 
attendance at a theatre, but it cave bint a 
tcvtiroonial to the presbytery of £)dinbur^, 
by which he was uociued 30 March 1757, 
and ordained minister of Kilmany 17 Ajiril 
1768. U« was prvsuntod by Robert Hepburn 
of Itands to the living o'f Temple in 17(10, 
and while there had the degt«e of l>.r>. 
couffm-ii uiniii liim by his unirvTHty of 
St. Andrews. Tran.sferre4l to Prestanivinii, 
through ibe favour cf Janet, countess of 
Hyndford, in 1771, he edili-d there "The 
State Papers auil Letters addreawd to [big 
^ad-iinclol William Cnrntarea ... to ifliich 
IS prefix^-d the Life of William Carstnrvf,' 
4to, Edinburgh, 1774. The valuable docu- 
nieni« includi^-d in this collt-iclion bad come 
into the baudii of Cbarlfn Macky, iinifpBiMir 
of civil history in tlio nmvereity of Edin- 
burgh, as truitlvi! to Mrs. Canttan-*; liv biui 
tlicy were er.tnifltod to MacMn-miek, who 
al»u rwuivvd fmin Mackysotne materia 1 6 for 
the 'Life.' iVefixed to the ' I^'tlcrs' are 
memoim of the corree[>ondents taken from 
the manuscript of ' The Chamcters of the 
Court of (iieat Britain,' in the Karl uf Uyud- 
ford's library- [see SIacxy, Jons~. In May 
I'H^Mncconniclf wa« elected uiuderatur of 
the general assembly, and in the following 
July was pf\'Bcntcd by Qeor^ III to the 
charge of Si, Jjeounn!;* in hiM native pn-sby- 
tery, in conlunclion with the princiiKility of 
the I'liitedColleEeorfiL Andrvwfi, He was 
appointed onv of the doanrt of the Chapel 
Uuyul on 11^ July 17S^, and died at Edin- 
burgh on 17 June 17^. He marrietl, on 
7 May 1770. Mary (d. 1822). dnii^bKr ot 
Joseph Simson, a Brixtot merchimt. 'flio 
only son, Josi'ph. became an advocate, while 
(if the three daughti-r*, lht> youngest, li^liu- 
beth, marriud thu Kev, AVtlliani iVrrie, pro- 
fe>Mir at St, Andrews and author of* ' Iiia 
of KcT. John Carslairra.' 

Marconuick'aown' I'lfe'ofhisgraild-unDle, 
which ha« boi>u extensively used by Kippis 
and by aubaequent biograpbera of ine seer*- 



McCormick 



McCracken 



tary U> WiUitun III, i» ably couHlructtitt. 
The writer, who wu a fllran^i^r to thu 
jmvmnt^ whicli nuui.v tfaou^ht f>rop?r to hi» 
pfofatuoti, Ml many good mvioks though 
Alexander Carlyls [q, T.j rays of Uim ia bis 
ftuiobkigrapbf that he was 'ratter a merry- 
aadraw tliui a wit.* 

[St, AndrMrs Uutren!t;Ri^*ter; HewScotl'a 
Fasti £cclwiie SeotuaiiK, pt. i. pp. 308, 353, 
99(1, pt. ir. rp. 1(M, 498: Scnit's JftUTlMl. ii. 
34U; (nnt. Mag. 1799, it. (I'i-.2i ScoU Uog. 
ToU. I. and Ui.) T. S. 

Mccormick, kobeiit (iwo-is90>, 

aax al Burk'tun, cipIi>rtT, and iinlurnlijit, bom 
ml JEunhua.Dt-iirtiK-at Vuriruutb.oQlf:^ July 
1H(KI, wa.1 ihr mm of Koh-Tl Mcl'iirraicif, siir- 
gtvn in ihe navr. M>n of Uobert McCurmick 
of ltalljTva(;b, co. TyTOiW, where lh« fainily 
liad LcM-n Ktil<^ fi>r«tTrnilf^>nernr.iona. lie 
lodied tDedicine in ]l^:f], uiuJer Sir Astley 
r, at Gity'fl and Ht. Tbamiifi*B If of^T«1«. 
in l&J'J itbtuuvd lu« diplf^mn, and in lii'Jti 
ent«?n.-d tbensTyaa iknusi-itantaurgcon. !Io 
waa K-m out to tlw AVcst ludiw, wlwnt be 
n^tnoituHl for two yeani, tM-4-Jng most of the 
iiiaUiidd and the coast of ihe ^[isnUli main. 
tlu* flummer of If^^'t hv iuviiltdi-il, mid 
|A(t4T ft year in a cutter in rht- North Sea, 
-Yolunte«n^ for Arctic wrrice nithCnptain 
William Edward Parry [ij. t.\ wiilj whom 
ha hailed in the Jlvchi, in thv expeditjoo to 
tltD north of tipiizheriten in the summer of 
^]t*^. On Ids nilum b>>j whh prauioicd to b>j 
EvuiKeon, 27 Xov. lfi!J, and two y««ni later 
yyna B^fun sent out to the Weat Tndioi!, 
L«<*ry much sffsinst lltB will. WilKiii ihni? 
i,nonrh.4 Uf^ amin iineoeeded in fretting himself 
MlTalid«d. liifl next appointment vras to ii 
rinf^bri^ on the co«t»t of Itnuil. That, 
le found uncomfor[&bI«. and ^t Buper- 
after a few montba. In \S-J'i he wa« 
MfinLfd to a rlocm vmpluy'^ for 80mo 
ic in llip bi<idcail» ot tha coiut of IloUand. 
rly the nest year she was tent out to thu 
['Ww*! Indie»,and McC<irmicl<, with ii n>oted 
'.diarikp to thf, Ktation. and t^wrially in n 
small craft, inralidod ior n tbiru tune. IIv 
wiLgnon-on liB If- pity for upward* of four y«ars, 
and in the. intervals of sttidjT made mniiT ex- 
cursions oo foot throngfa England and ^\alt!M>, 
trsTi^llinR in all eomp S.440 ni1«'», nnd piir- 
fltiiiic on bis toura hi« ftivoiirit« ntudi>5A of 
and natural history, (n 18% ho 
inpi^t««l.a8muchin thu capacity of niw 
lut u auTi^m, to thfi Krthu.-, then going 
L roTa([Ht')lbt.' Antarctic, utidcrtheooin- 
id nf Cnplain Jntni-* Clnrh Itiw* fq. T.j 
Whi-n ihf rxpolitinn rir-t timed to l^ngland, 
-in the autumn of IJ^l^ McCormiclc waa di*- 
^appotnlcd ofpramotioa. InSuptember 18-IA 



he was appointvtl to tlw WUliatu iind Slary 
yacht at AVoolwi<-b. Ih* iindi-r^tcoil that 
thi* Hp]>ointRiviit was for life, or till promo- 
tion, and wiia vorj- iinfrry at bcinf;, uft^-r two 
yurt, moved to th« l-'uigard, the flu^^hip 
altarlkiNl to Woolwich dockyard, from which 
he wse tiuprH.-Ut.'d in Dv^unibt.'r IS48. His 
ni-xt idea wafl to conduct a partr in nearch 
of ijir John Franldin, and he laid Wore the 
board of admiralty n propofal to undfrtahu 
such a search inanopenlKiat. Theadmirnlty 
KOiited hi« plan aa danReroits, but in l^^, 
whiU aur^-voa of tlui North Star, hn waa 
ablrj lo carry it ont lo nomp eslcnt. He 
iiftcrwiiPtU publisliMl ' Narrative of a Boat 
Kx^Jt-dilion up the \Vc]lin(;lon Chann<?I in 
tl»- T'-ar 185:^/1851, -Ito. Ue retunieil lo 
lui||(ldnd in the Phoenix inOclub^r 1^5:i. He 
bad never ceastfd to urgu oa thu admiralty 
bis claims for promotion, cuiitt'U'tin^ thati 
his aeniee with tiiuAntarcticexpcditionwaa 
exceplinnal and ought to be r-xo'ptionnlly 
ruwardod. The admiralty at hknt promoted 
him, on 20 May ISTiQ, to^>di?piitv-in»]ii<clor 
of bofipitaI.>!. He had, howorer, no ctnploy- 
mriil, and in July \i*6i> he wa^ put on tuo 
rt-tired [m, tht udmirnlty r^fusin^ him tho 
lionorar^' rank of inojH'ctDr of hotpitals. His 
friendn, us well aa himst^lf, thoui;ht ttiat ho 
was badly u«ud. Hu was a man of cuiisidt]> 
abk' ability, hul in hU rulatiititii lo thi< luU 
inindt V WH(! sndlv wanting in tact, ilo died 
•^s <(ci. I'^'i^O. the BccounUof bis serend, 
voyagea and expeditions, tooether with a vory 
dt;(nih<d autobioKraphranaponraits St diffe- 
rent af(c», were published in 1884, in "i vola. 
F<VQ, under the tille'Voyatfeiof Disco vi^ry in 
tho Arctic and Antarctic Seas and round the 
\SorId.' 

[^cConnick'a autohiogmphy.] J. K, T^ 

Mccracken, hknky .ioy (1707- 

I'lJt^ I, Vnili^d Iri-^liinun. wiu born in IlflfasC 
on HI Ang. 17(17, and br-iupht up lo the 
linen businiiaa. At the age of tw.^nty-lwo 
huwaKplacvd at tfin liendof a cottou factory. 
Adojiling nntionnlUt aent imi^ntd, b>- in ITUl 
jiiini'd with ThoutoE Uussell [n-v.] and others 
m lhrri)nnali<in of the Brat society of United 
Iri^bmtui in lielfaai, nnd gave himself en- 
thu'iaiflit'nlU" lo the working out of thoil 
d<'^i;ri«. In October 1796 he wna arrested, 
along with his brother William, and im- 
prisoned in Kilmninhom gaol for thirteen 
iiiMUthj. L'ltitiiatuly hu was Ubtfrati'd on 
bail, and returning to Brlfiwt, ihr*nv biiaself 
with great iirduur into plans for an insurree- 
tioJi. In the Mpring (if 1 ^fH he wasaiipointed 
to ibe chiff command of tho rvbcU in eo. 
Antrim, and on 6 June issued a mauifesto 
calliDgthepeopletoanns. On7 Jttne,al(uig 



MacCreery 



IS 



McCrie 



irith s Inrgiv body of men, le attaekud the 
king'ji IroopM al Antrim, but, iHtlwith^tBud- 
in^ the gTL<fit bmri-iy which he dii^pliiTi^il, 
•WM dffpatvil dfl^r a. xtntLrt nation, in which 
],r>rd (VNVill [q. \.] and othpia were killod. 
Alon^ with soJav wthere ]w flpd to Slt-tuvsih 
mountain, ntar llHlIyin**na, wh^rnliplaycon- 
CQftled for eeveral wetke. When about to 
■ail for America h* wtj orrtvited hy snnii> 
Carriukf'.TguM wijnien, Iriud by court-martial 
in Hi-lfiiHt, and hnti^cd, amid gvn^ral ro^ot. 
At iha markft-hoitse Ihiiru on 17 July I'US. 
His body wu* bwrirj in iLe old churchyard 
at the foot nf High Street, the p^rave* in 
which Lavu all eIucu ba«D bvvUvd. A ^trik- 
ine jKirtiviit of him U iriven in Maddea's 
•laited IrishtnL'u,' vol. iv. 'llu was,' siiys 
}Ir. LwUy, *a ciinn of ninpuhirly ainiabit! 
yrirale <^hanictBr, aud ia anid to have for- 
merlv taken a part in ('"Ublinhing thd (imt 
Sunday schiwl ill R«IfiLM'(//(>/ori/,viii. 129). 

[Matldcri's Uiiitpd Irialinivu, iv. 27 ; Te«Hug'i 
Porttoaal Kamtiru, ^p. 230 at raq.; MrSkimiti'B 
AnnaU uf Inolnntl ; Ilrtin'B Hi«. of Bclfaat ; 
LcC'ky'nIliKt.uf Kiisliiiul; Mi]Bgra*e'§It«>b<-l lions 
In Ireland, pp. AIT. ic] T. H. 

MACCEEEKY. JOUN {I768-I&i3a>, 
■jirintfr and f^^t, son of .luhn MacCreery, 
who died in Flett StrtHit, London, on Auff, 
IJ^I Ir rijj"d Oil (6V«r. Ma^j. 181 1, ii, 197), was 
hom in Ireland in 17H8. He aet up a prvHa 
in Houfihlon 8trn"l, Liv«r])i>iil, wlier" hv 
VTOte, ami print«d in Im, in IHfti, 'The 
Fiess; a Poem, published aa a Speciroyn of 
TjfOgTtTthy.' It is (Icilicftted to William 
Roscoe, bis earliest pQiron, for whom he had 
in I7Hd printed the ' l.ifi' of Lorenzo (U- Mi- 
dici," in 'J voU. 4lo. Though iL-^criliutl by 
Timporley aa chMrocteriited by ' a general 
chasleoBffiof liinputi^.nndu ^luwln;^ lovtiof 
fni'doni,' [lni i)u>'i», which roniiin'OfHH with 
an addrpsato inp shadenf 'Oultemherfr.'and 
conclude by dcplnring the 'proslitutlon of 
the piihlic joijTTiiils'and ihfl tymiiny of Pitt 
aiu) Napoleon, appears to the modem render 
bombaatlc and ahiinrd. Thin iinprcfi.Hion i.^ 
not lueaouvd by tUu ' Liuiin tu an Iiifaul 
Uauffhtvr, who n-qucsted »tnie \'^enwB on 
her ilirthduy,' and other short pocme (in- 
cludiutf an "di' to ihi lucniurv of Kobert 
Emmet) which till up i\\e vnliim*. Tho 
work in, however, beuutifuLIy printvd fpLini 
Bankerville pn-s* fv|H', nmtiiiiH sohii- mode- 
rale wooden IB by Ueiiry Hole, and a Tl'w woU- 
wnM<>n iintiTK n[H>n tli>' orij^iii and dtividop- 
ment of the art of priritintr. 

MacCre*n- rvirove<l to l»ndon parly in tlip 
century, nti^ieintlnRntiDl literary fricnd«,ancl 
' was con»i(lere(l one of tlw* firat practical 
printcra of the mfltropotia.' Tberoin ISOOhe 



firinltMl the ' Uibliouiania* for Dibdin (oij^ht 
lUndredpa^e^.pnntiHlnlmiMt enlirvlvin non- 
]ntn-il notL-4, at a eoat, inctudlnj^' L.l^, copie*, 
of "2*371.], aiul, sayst the iiiffen uona anttiur, 
' partoo'li of ihn Reiwrnl joy difTuerd around' 
<'.MafCrwTriiiift,'in I.i't. Itrmi»ifc.yp,^2ii^y, 
llihdin highly connn^nda tht) ty-pof^ajJiica] 
U-Bulyof hia productions (includiuKj-'ttley'a 
•Ancient Kn)rra\in|j ' and Lord Bem«r»'» 
' Translation of Froisaart ') ; ' tlio ptu^o,' be 
aaya, ' is wl'II M-t up. thti ink black and frlosay, 
ihu imptr melJow-lintod, tliu prciw work wo- 
exceptionahle, theeutbelitfihnietitKiiilt-rtvttn^ 
and approprinto.' From Took 'a Court. Chan- 
cery Liiiii.', MacCV-ery publishwd iu li^'27 a 
second part of 'The Fnis-C Tlie twu |iarta 
were ruprinlvd in one vohiuifl, Loudon, Svo, 
IHliS, withiiul the woiHh-nta, 

Ho died at PBri.a nn iM April lH3i>, falling 
a victim lo the cholera. 

[Tiinp^rlpy'a Kncyolop»>3ia. 1843. pp. 93I-S; 
OQSt. Mag. 1833, i. 6f!> ; Dibdin'a Bibliogr. 
DecamoroD, ii. -lid ; ilono'a Kvcry-Day Book, 

fp. USA, 1421^; Itmiet'a Mantial, iii. 1207; 
rnlll'a >Uinuir of William Bimcoo. p. 23; 
Sutton's Ivincwihira Aothore. p. 76; Albl>on«'« 
Dirt.; Bril- MiiH. CaX.] T. 3. 

McCRIE, THOMAS. 1),1>. (lT7-2-lii36% 
Scottish acceding di\ine and ecclesiaMicAl 
liiKturiun. eldest «'jn of TUomuK McCriL-.a^ub- 
Btantinl lirien-wi-avcr, hv hin timi wife Mary 
l^lEoddf, was born at thins, Berwirludiiro, 
in NuvHtnbrr 1772. .\fter passiiiK throitgli 
the pariah school, hft biNramfl an pleraentary 
teacher in nei^'bhouriu? schools. Iu 176^ 
he ontfTfd at the KdinhuTf^b L'ni»-er*ily. but 
did not ifraduale. Jlebifaoie in May 1791 
ffHchiT of on ' anti-bur^flier ' school at Brechin, 
Foriarsihirc. To(iu»lifyhiuiM-[f forthemiuia- 
iry, ho studied divinity under Archibald 
Hruw [q. v.] of Wliilbum, Linlith^fuwithiro, 
priifrainor Iff iJieoliipv t.c.i tin* ' gniienil assiocial* 
synod' (anii-burpher). He w&a licenaed in 
fHilifeniWr nSTi by the ossocialt' preshytorj 
of K elan, and ordainKi on '2ti May 1796 aa 
niinisterof the second associate con^rt^B^t ion 
in I'ottj-rrow. Kdinbur^li. He early ahowed 
both Ut«rar^' and coutrowraial ability. 

Since 17-i7, when the 'general aasociate 
flTHod' 9<!cedcd from the ' associate synod ' on 
tlie ground of th« unlnwfulni.*^ of the civic 
oath [ape Eiukisk, Kucttl^Ki^Tt, and (-tin, 
.\Di«], chriiijieK hud coiu*»over ihu mindaof 
the 'onti-lmrfthers' on tbt; ijui^tion of tlie 
mutual relations of civil and eccleaiaiiticRl 
Hntliorily. From l.lm pnHitinn that. th« civil 
power is to exercise; itw-lf in churcrb uiuttvia 
iinderthe (n'idanceof eccleBiasticiil criticiam, 
thi-y had ndvnnced to a viuw of the complete 
independence of church and state, and conat^ 
qucnt dflniul of any plant for civil ftuthorilj 



J 



McCrie 



ij 



McCrie 



in chuTpb ftfTiiin. This cLuag*- of front, was 
by « ' iww n-sliiuooy," adnpled by 
I Hynod ill May lHOi. Itmce, McC'ric,ii.ntl 
D oth^r minut4^re iDsda rupeatnl protvsis 
Miut Ibis ' iivn' tMilimnny ut at variani^o 
ih tho older standjirda. At Icnpth, on 

38 Aug. Ii^Ort, tliry rurnitKi tlnniw.'lvi:'* into a 

* CWUtiiiif iffial a«*>cial<* pnwbytfTy.' Tha 
■riiDd d«poseil ibem (ilcCr i« on 2 S«iit- ) fnim 
tue miiiistn-. A lAw«iht ruulu-d i,'2i Vpti. 
lH)I)rtoMcCrie'i)ej«cliniifiromtlieIN3tt«rrow 
■lanling hmiir, when his con^rvcntitvn huilr 
a new one in Davie 8troi-t.otit of AVost Kich- 
mond Strv«t. ]u IK^ the 'con«liiutioDal ' 
body, joined by pTote«ting membens of the 

* borgner ' synod, uwk tliu oamu of ' original 

McOia ■was drawn Ly this conflict about 
the tiryt. principle* of «OclMia«l ii-aI thi-ory to 
a tknroi^ and MO&fchin^ fli.iidy of ScoltiEb 
church htstory, in il« organic connoctiun 
with th4> national life, and with the general 
dav^pment (if urotfxlatil civil iMttimi. llie 
fint fruit of bis labour was thtilifir of Knox, 
fiiii«hud til Novumlwr l^lt, which made its 
mark at oD£e ha a work of genius as well m 
nt f>rudition. and has p«niinii<.'ni ly t>1uc<»1 its 
aotlior in iho front rank of Kritinh writers 
on ehnrch history. Us breadth of ireatmi'Dl 
waa Boowthiru; n«w in pcclir-«iiii>ticiil bio- 
graphy. It eHtwlf^nrovnlutioninihepiiWic 
eitimaie of its subject, akin to tliat acfiii'V-^ 
by C^lylc'* * CnL)DiWtrll,' though bydiff.-rent 
mean*. McCrie ii not a abowman v-ith a 
bejo oa ^iew, but an hittorisn of prinoip!(*.* 
and pijlivy. Hik bii-gnipby of MfUilh- (No- 
vrmber lHl9)purMi(fM tW iiieim* of the Scot- 
tifth nat ional career under I be infliienct' of iLw 
■ Jteformaltcia. Tin? poKt-Ka'foniiiiticiti cburch 
^■jBltonr of Scotland he did not treat with tlio 
»mn nilness ; bis life of AlvxaniJer ri<-»idiT- 
wa (l/j83?-10ilf) [q. v.l. in tb-- ■nirinian 
Inatruetor,* vol. x., !» little more than a per- 
•onal (ikftrh. Later he broke new ground 
in hi>t hinioriM of th« Italian (I6:f7) and 
Hpani*b(lH:?9>mov«aMmta of evangelical &nd 
fi«eopint<mai ibeflnof theRefonnatiun: iu 
which nothing is morv adminbl*} than the 
fiiinii'-An of bio dealinir with AcbooU of thought 
>-ery difffn-ot from bis own. It is to bo 1«- 
iDFnt'xI lliat hi- did not livn to execute a uro- 
JMl^'d life of Calvin. * HIb literary genius,' 
■ays I'rofeMor Ltirimer, 'was neither wholly 
historical nor wholly biogmpbicat. but found 
iu raoul congenial eroploymenl in bio{:niphical 
hisiory or biitorical biography, havrng equal 
ddight in (be [^<<.-r«ouaI trails and ininutv fucis 
■mmpriat*^ ro the one, ami in the broad views 
and profound principle? ebamclcristic of the 
Olhof. It in not oflf^n thai bingraphenmake 
good Uatoriana, or that good liigtoriana are 



eqiiallygrevit in biographv.hut bowasMjuall?' 
grvQl iiihttlh' [Imperial l^ci. of £10;/, pt^xiii. 
p. Hti5V 

On 3 Fob. 1813 th<.' Edinburgh Uiiiror^ity 
made him U.D., a degree of^en eouferred on 
English nunconfumuAts, but never before on 
a Scotttub diwuiHti^r. Aftwr tbtt d^tath of 
Bnice (1816), McCrie acted till Iii*lH as hia 
successor in ibe cUiiir of dlviniiy. CVjia- 
cidontly with biii entranri^ on tbia office he 
publi&bed in the ' Cbrifition lostnictor * 
(January- March If*]") a powerful critiqiio 
on Sir WiiltcrScotr'n r(titre»<*ntationa of the 
covenanters (in 'Old Mortality'), in which 
he proved himself a letter antiqnary than 
th« grxMit novelist (yo3TT,yoiirn«/,ii. 401a.) 
8ub«H.t]uently he published, eilher separately 
nr in magoEinL's, u nuuibvr uf biographies 
and ri'vifWB of bio^niphii'.t, (■hieflv Hcuttiwh. 
McCrie died at Edinburgh on A x\ug. I8:t5, 
and wax buried on 1^ .Vug. in tirvyfriars' 
clturchvard ; n deputation from ilic g>:neml 
assembly of the church of Scotland attended 
his funeral. Ho miirri'-d, firstly, in 1706, 
Janet, daughter of William l)i>ek$oiiof Swiu- 
ton, Berwickshire, bv whom be bad issue: 
(\) Tbouittii^q. v.l: ('}) William, mvrcbant in 
Kdiiihtirgh; (3) Jessie, married to .\rcbilmld 
Meikle of E''k<mitiglon; (4) Joluit rf. October 
1KM7 ; and (o)(li-<irgt*,mtniM«rof I'lola. .\br-r" 
df-enshiri^. He married, secondly, in ll?:i7, 
Mary, founb dauEhterof Kobort Chalmers, 
minister «t Knddington, who survived him 
and received a pension from government on 
the ground of her husband's services to litera- 
ture'. 

A portrait bv Kir John Watson (Inrfhiu i» 

in iheKBtional Portrait fiallery. Edinburgh. 

Hi) publiohir^l, b>r'i<Ivs i>iiiglif ^rmons : 

1. 'The hifeof John Knox, conraining Illu.*- 

tnitions of the History of the Rcformalion iu 

Si-otlftinl,' &c., Kdinbiirgh, IS|o,Hvo.l' vols.; 

2nd edit, revised and enlarged, Edinburgh, 

IHl.f, i*vn, 2 vols. Of the miiny subw^nifnt 

L'ditioii^.the mo»t imnoriant art: Etlinburgh. 

1 8.111, 8vo ( reprinted London, I8i>4, S\n), wit h 

corrtfctions, notos, and memoir by Andrew 

Cricht(>n.]J..D. [({. v.l; and Kdinhurgb, IKi^, 

I 8vo,wilhappi-niieil notes by Thomiw McCrie, 

I bifl son. being vol. i. of hij-' Works.* 2. "The 

' Tiifc of Andtfiw Mplvillp, ronlainiug Tllns- 

tralions of the Ecctesiiahticjil and t,ir«rary 

History nf Scotland.' &c., Edinburgh, I>SIS, 

8vo, 2 vol«.j 2nd edit, revised, Edinburgh, 

I IHil, »vo; 3k1 e<lit. I«-Vi, 3vo. with ai>- 

I tiended not«s by his son, being »'ol. ii. of 

liis' Works.' 3. ' Hemoirs of . . . William 

I Wiich and fieorge Kry«*on, ■written by them- 

j selv's, with other Xarrativee illustralire of 

; the llintorv of St-otland ... to the Wevo- 

liition,* kc-t Edinburgh, \ft^&,%7o. V*^^ 




: 



toTj f>( Lht' PnimMi aiid HiipurNwtion oftlie 
Kcf»nnation in ilalv,'&c., Kainlmrph, lt*27, 
8vo; L'n'ledit.fulfirRoil, l(<3"-', Sro. 5. 'IIU- 
torrof tho I'im^cbs (inti Siiiifjrcftiiinii of rhe 
Kerormal ion in Spain,' &c.t l^ilinbiu^b. 11^29, 
8vo. I'ostliumous was (i. 'Sermons,' &c., 
Edinljiiirgh, IWtti, 8vo. A Tolumo of liia 
'Mi«;Kllaneoiis\Vritiiic>i,'collected«ncioiIitcd 
by his son, Etliiibureli, 1^1, 8vo, cuiitaiiis 
annul tit >ilrfjiriiit» ot liiHliiugnipliIeitof Ilea- 
deifvm, Patrick I lam ilton [q. v.], F. Lam bait, 
A, Itivyt, and J. Miirni^-; lu» iii'CDiiiit, of 
tli» 'Taboritcft,' hia rovirtwa of Miine on 

rrcahvlerr and fpiBixipacy, Siim-on ou iha 
lil iirjry, Sisnmmii'a ' (.V>9i»id<.initiiinH ' i>n 
Goncvii, Sfoti'fl 'Talt'j of niv Lundlord,' 
(Jrim;'s ij« en, and Turner"* ' I-ifc and Times,' 
also tdrcc pumpWoM on cliurcli miMtcn*. Tn 
iH'Wuf 1S*00 he edited iJie ' t'ljrtMiiiu Majra- 
itinfi.' He was ft contributor to'liWlnvood'a 
Mii;,'a2iuo*iii its first jear (1817). II i« h\»i 
liiililicHlion waa nn anonymous pamphlet 
(May 1853) Bi3v-ocntiti£ the nhoHt'ioa of 
cburcb patronngi;. 

{Life, 1)T hi" Hon, 1840; Thomdon'B Hint.oriail 
Skfich of Iho 8«cc»>wu Church, I8J8, pp. 173 »q- ; 
Mumoir by Criphlon, laSI ; Cnwlogne tif Kilin- 
[iiirgh I!mdu:i1c-s, IJloH, p. 2(>l ; (Irub's Kl-cI. 
Hist, of Sciiiliind. 1802. iv. 153, 160 s-j.. 234; 
Aiid«rBon'« Snittish Kaiion, ]li72, ii. 7L1 at}] 

A. O. 

McCRIE, TUOMAS. tho yoimgi-r (17»7- 
1x7.')), f>colti*h iliviii'' and nuthnr, bom ai 
ICdtiibiiriili 7 Nov. 1797, was oldest son of 
Thi^maH SlcLVie tho cIdtT [q. v.], by bii first 
wlfu. Hu wu* edticat«d ni ibo hig^li whool 
ftudat the university of Kdiuburffh, but doea 
not siMim to IiuvB f,'nidiiiilL'il. Hu aft«rwfirds 
tinl<-r>Hl lUn Thiwbigicid Hall of the Uriginal 
8^rft&.iioii Church, was ordained, and became 
Bt'Ce^KionministL'rorCriL'fi^lHSOiandordoIii, 
Abfrdci'n.'ifiin'iin lft:JH. Tn Ift;Wlifl8iicfl(V>cled 
his talker as minister of the West liivhmond 
Slroet mc-4^>t in;(-hoitsc, KJiiiburpli. In the 
suiuti year hit bocamo theDU)Kical professor 
at the llr'iKiiial l^ecession ilnll. At the dis- 
ruption bu favotin^d th<j iion-intriuioniHt 
prtrty. In iH.'jS thn origiunl SF^-wnVr* joined 
the frei> churcJi nf Scotland, and McGrio tooli 
a pruminent part in tlio dulibcraliuns iioL-t-s- 
wiry fiir nirryina will fh« nirnngomi'iit ; in 
lyTtt) hi-' was modomior nf thn fr™ o^symbly. 
In Ihp iiuliimn of the same year bii wa* ap- 
pointed proft'.ssor of church history and rvs- 
teinatic thenlogv at the London collepe of 
thp Englifh prcsbj-torian church. II« rotJrvd 
in 18(J*Ji>winn to failiniroycsifrht. Tberoslof 
bia life be pn.<.s(?d at GuUnno in 1-^t Lothian 
itnd at Ediuburcb. Hi: died 9 May l>s7i> at 
30MiiitiiKlrt--t,Kdinbupgh. McCrii- pn?ft<^hed 
well wbenbo could uso uoles ; Im was a kiudly 



man and popiilnr with students. Before; lH5f> 
hewastundell.D. by rb<^ univt^rsity nf Abcr- 
cti.-«n, and LL.D. bv (lial of (tlasj^ow. Ho 
married WfilK-ria, daiiKbter of Ilobett Chal- 
mers, secession uiiaistcr at Uaddioiflun, but. 
Iftfr, no ehildi'cn. 

ilin chief wwdis aru: L 'Life of Thoma« 
McCriiV I':<Iialj. 1840, Hvo. 2. ' Sk.'tcb.-* of 
Scottiab rburL-hllifetorr/ Edinb. IftlLftvo; 
other editions LHj:], 187ft; tbiewne oripinally 
a, trprint of Ici-tHrefl. .*}. * Thi? .\ncitnit Jlis- 
tory of th(» Widdemdan Church,' i84&, (*to. 
4. 'Lp(Ttiirfi» on f'hriAtia& Baptism,' ItSoO, 
Svo. 5. 'Mcinoirs of Sir Aiidiww Ajmow, 
lifmd. l«a:i, bvn. a. 'Thoi^ihta ou Cnion 
with the Frw- Ohurch of Scotland/ Edinb. 
1852, Hvo. 1. ' AnnaU of Engliiih Prwbv- 
lerianism from tlio Enrlirat Period to l^io 
Present Time," Loud. 1872, tivo. H« oditoj 
ft collection of his father's works ; for the- 
Wodrow SociulT", ' Wodrow'a Corrvepond- 
ence ' in 1812, ami ' Tbt- Lifo of Kob«rt Blair' 
inl84S; andBarrnw's'Treatiaeof tbe Pope's 
Suprctmirv,' L'd. 1R(I2. 8vo, H* tranidal^ 
'Pascal's Provincial Letters,' ed. 1847, 18nu>; 
1851, 8ro; 187r>, IHmo. As a young minister 
h« rontrlbuted to ' The Witness,' Trhcn con- 
ducted by Hugh Miller, and for a short I'xmv 
edited tho 'Britiab and Foreign Evan^lJc*! 
Itcview.' 

(Wjlie's Disruption Worthisn, ed. I8SL pp. 
.149 §c). («itb portrait); Scoismaa. 11 Hay l)!i76: 
Frcp Church of .^tiitland aiwiihly Ra^qH, 1 July 
l87o; iiilnnojitiuu kiudly furuishnl bv tbc H«r. 
C. U. MoCritf.] W. A. J. A. 

MACCUAIRT, JAfifEH ( fl. 1712). Iriah 
pout, oC^en culled Seamns dal), or Datl Mao 
Ouiiirt, was b'lra at Cr«evin, co. Loutb, 
becamn blind oarly in lifi', and vm wtdl 
linon'M ao a musician and poi>l. He was a 
fi-icnd of Ciirohin \i\. v.] !!o wrote a poem 
of IflO statizai on the battle of Augbriia 
and tb«i death nf SorU^y MacLlonnell, ' San 
Kachdhruini uniiiratuid nacomhuuidh' (*Iq 
AuKbriin uf thn ulaiig^btir th«T« dwelln'). 
HiB nddri;N» toCarnlan on Ills return to Moath 
from Ooiiiiaii|{1it, * Dn miltiuiu difng failli* 
dbibb, arui Meadhbha ing<^an Kachnrh* 
('Twidvu million welcnmos to von from llio 
man^i<>» of .llcnvo. daughter ol Eochaidb'), 
is of li^htcun stanzas. He wrntf! flx'o devo»j 
liorial iK>i>ni», 'Inrmim do bheannaclit Ran 
fheirp f'l bi>aeech thy blessinf; wtthiiul 
anp>r '), of fifty-two stanzas ; ' A dbuino nocl 
leirdhuil cnrnebtn croidlii ondall'('Obttinc 
to whom from bliiidniisa the wounds of 
hrart arc not clear') : ' A bhladb na lipatris 
•anainifuarCOh tluwerof thuuatriarclis nnd 
anfrcis'k, of ]7(! stanira*; ' Ik Hnoidhti.< chiuv 
Adbambninaclannuibb\'AdamputdcsiruG 



McCullagh 



15 



MacCuHoch 



tioa upon hiscbUdnm'): *Oieli uilepuacoeb 
Uioobt nan tnotr'<' K^-tTyi)'x>ritinuerwitb' 
oat k niide '). Annibor of his noeniK in or 
Tsloe for i(« c*lebr»tion of footbnll a* plnypJ 
IB Irvlnnd in bin lime, 'TiAhAigeanliicroidb- 
euiifaiiil mo mbaCQai^h^i Hnior' (' IIil^Ii spi- 
rited, stoat were mx frii-nrls abnve tbore '). 
Tbe maicb du«ciib«l was plared at SUnv, 
on ^e banlca of the Boynr, betwoon ttii> 
B«iL of Heath and Ix>utli. He wTote saaay 
atmgt, of wbieU tbe be^it known niv on 
Brian O'BTme'D horae Punch ; on Ko»e 
CReiUj;, ' k'i wo rois thn-ifnuach ' (' Sbe is 
vy Itoae of ftrofny \ and ' A niamhthftin 
■a* aU no mbian ' (' iu Cn<«vui tlowit by 
tbere is my dwire'}; and a paneji^ic of 
fbrtj-^igbt stanzoii on Anna, daugbtir of 
MacAn^babban, ' Is tntan leamwi tmcbt air 
■geiiah na mna' {*Tdp«ire 10 treat on tlie 
bwnTly of tbe womno'^ Paul CVHrien {<l. 
1820), pvofuMor of Maraooih Cfl]li>ir«, knew 
■wmitofo other poom» of bin, a»«l repeated 
their Brst line* to Edvnud O'RMlly. 

fBrit. Moft. >tS3. Egertoo 15i, f. 8". nod 
176, f. S3; E. O'Reilly ID Tranaactions of Tbt-rno- 
Caltie Society, Dnbtin, 1810.] N. M. 

McCtTLLAOH, JAMES (1800-1847), 

jemattctnn, don of a poor farmer, wbh 

in 18U0, at GlcneUit', in lb»' parish of 

'pper [tadoncy. 00. Tyrono. He entered 

^fTrinity CoII«u«, Dublin, afi a pensioner, No* 

iTonbeF \^ii, beiramc eiiar June lii3&, 

rboiar 1827 (ihi^ fXKiuiuHtion being pui«ly 

■eal u and fellow in 1833. Ho wu bi^ 

i^ Md in hi? culK'K*' coorae by l*n)voiit 

[itoyd, towhnm Aomenf his geometrical dis- 

comieB vere commiininited duriof; thia 

. period. In lt?Kt(i ^IcCiiUngh Traa RliKrtnd 

oor of matbumaticr and la 11*43 pn.'- 

' of natural pbiluiiopby in tbl^ uniT^raity 

of Diililin. 1I« I hiftw hiiniwlf into his diiliee 

a* a larHL'htrr '«ritli an ardour which commii- 

iniealcd lUclf to bi]fpnpil8,tuidgBVi>api)wi.>r- 

|ful kliuiuliw til matbcinatti^al and physical 

tudifj- in the university. He introduced tbu 

• atudie« of electricity and ^Ivaniam, heat 

1 urreatrial magnet iam into the felloniahip 

_ -im. 

Aa •e<rr«-larT of council to the lEoyal Iri»b 

[ AcAdfrtnT fmm 1810 lo }M2, and as secto- 

Itaryio the Academy from lN4!i to 1946,_h« 

hteaAerM tbnt iiifltitiitinn 'Mtltiablo eerriceu 

[Uia liberality and influence Reoured for tho 

[Biiueum bara« of its mosl precious ftrcbay>- 

lo^cal iTvaaufM. Sbonly V-fon- hi^ death 

[lbs onHtcci-jtafully tonti^tiyl Dublin Unirer- 

' kitj in ibe nationalist ioterost. Ho diL-d by 

lib own hand in October 1847, iu a fit of 

tantmrrary ttu^nity. Dyiprrpoia and ovcr^ 

vacK appear to have inteoaified a mOatal 



disorder of which be bad thovm slipbt syaij*- 
tonm long bttforv. He uraa iiumarrii^). 

Of tbe rnluminous mannscript invt-Klij^- 
t !on», ((v>nm<-1 rirni and pli^-sical, which he waa 
kiinwn to have had hy nim ready for Iheprcaa 
shortly before his death, no trace could aAcT- 
wnnls hp fdutid, though careful search waa 
made. Such of Ihein as bad alreudy appeared 
in tbe tranKactiotia of the Itoyul lri»h Aca- 
demy, the ' Philosophical Mu^iziiie,' end else- 
where, hare been collected ill a volumn by 
Drv. Jcllt'tl and Hatij^hton (Dublin Univ. 
Pr«8»l. To Ihcm iiro addtd uoIl-a of bie lec- 
tures on tbe rotfttionof ft solid liotir miind a 
SxedpciiDt.and on tliu attraction of cUi|k^nid4, 
nrul nlmt twii idiort iiaprraon ICgyptinn ohro* 
nolo^'. irbich remain to attest bis interest 
in Hn-hfLHibvi^ical studies. 

By faTtliiimort important of McCulloRb's 
scnnly remains is the memoir ou sorfucoi of 
till' second order, rond to tlie lioyol IriaJi 
.\cBdemy on 30 Nov. 1^3. His ^ometrical 
■work is cbnracterisod by an l•leKaIu^(^ ami 
power wlticb might bare placed him be-iiidB 
('liaAlea and Poncelet had hn livinl to finish 
his work. His numerous papers on lbc^vaTe 
thi.iory of light contain ingenious nttompta 
to CDn!<tm(^t a dvnamical theory' of tho himt- 
nifemus ether. YTis ffeometrical work was in 
I hi! first iotiranco undi-miVn a^ flubaidiai7 
to bis physical inrcstiifalions ; bill, though 
tUo geometrical methods and n-^ulla are of 
punuunent valur, bis physical theory retains 
only an historical intereat, beiii^ vitiated by 
emneoiLsfundnmcntuI nssumptiona. It waA 
tlira a moot point ivht-lluT thp vibrations of 

Slane pnlariwd lipht are paralhd or porpon- 
icuhir to the plane of polarisnliou. r'reanel 
thftngbtthi>y were porp-^ndiculiir, McOuIla);h 
diSered from him, and afi8umi>d liiey wen^ 
para 1 Icl. S«b«q ucnt rcM&rcbus bare proved 
that l<'resa«l was right. 

[Miiuehaator E<acniDer,8NoT.]B47; Nation, 
30 0ct. (p. 8M)aDd20NoT. (p«y») 1847; iu- 
formation anpiuied by Dr. Ingram, F.T.O.U.] 

C.P. 

MACCULLOCH. HOR.VTIO (IM6- 

liJ'i"), IaiHi»ca(ie pninlor, son of a weaver, 
was bom iii Olss^w in November 1805, on 
tbc nieht uii wbicii Ibu city was illuminated 
in honour of iho victory of TmfulRnr, .\fter 
bnvin^ been apprenlic>^ to a hi)N.*t'-pnintfT, 
b« biHiiiue H pupil of .John Knox, a local 
artist, underwlinm Willinm Irfiii;hton I^iilcb 
rq.T.j, the water-colour painter, and Daniel 
niacsee [q, v.l were aUo etudying'. About 
I&24 he and Macneo left Ulasiruw and went 
first to Cumnock, where they found •'mplin— 
uontinpninling'snaEr-boxi%Bud afterwards 
to Edinburgh, where they entered tbe esta- 



McCulIoch 



i6 



McCulloch 



blUhsiBI^ O^'W'illiam Ilcury Lixan [q. v.l 

tbp onjfmvpr. Tliere MuoUullooEi remainea 
ftboiit twn 3'pan!, coIourinR ulnU-s for Dr. 
Lixani'e 'Aiiatymy,' "nd AJLy'ii '()riii1hci- 
lopy.' R^'t.uminjr to GUsfrow, he cfimmnricutl 
Bkvtirhinff out of OcMirent the Cmnp*!" Ilil!«, 
oti tli« bbnktt of thf! Clyde, and in Oadnow 
FoKtl. lu Ifti.'fl lie begun to exhibit at tliw 
Hoyiil Scottish AcJidtrmj, Hearting t\ * View 
on the Clydi'-.' which was followed by other 
landsc*!""* until ISW, wlicu be was ek-clcd 
nn nMrfCJiite. A laiye |iiclure of ' (.'iidzow 
Forefit," wliitbheextibitedin lH.'Jo, altratted 
much mil ice, and was bijjhly praiecd by I'ro- 
fes^ir Wileuu. Hi! bccumi; an BciLdt.-iiiiciiiti 
in IS'JH, Slid Ihea removed to l'xlinburj;h, 
but nmny «f his Eummvrs wvra spool iii rikvc, 
and he oflen livi<d fortiioiitha ai. Oban. \lt: 
wu the iimt ^cottbh artist vrhn carried hU 
ooloimwilh him and workifJ his pictures iiiti> 
lift! and effpf-t on th« spot. He mng^d nv.r 
wide tracts of the iiiffhlands.pBiiet rating into 
th«> wihloat rccesGCB of the mountainH. Vtnt 
from lime to tiuio returning [n th« qiiii^tw 
inlnnd 1ilI((» of Perthshire and Inverness- 
ehin', or to tbo luwluud riwnt, iiolde, uiid 
wooda. lie hfcamf the mnst pfipuliir land- 
flCApQ pninti-r of hU day in ScDllaod, bvit his 
works lire little known mmtli of thi* Tvvrttd, 
s<!unibly bciriuti^' ht^ exhibited onre only, in 
1844. (It. the Uoynl Academy in Loadon. 
Amonj; liiK iar)?cr worlfr", SOIhl- of th» l)Wl 
are '.\ Scottii!!) Stralb.' 'Loch an Eilan," 
engriivi-rl by William Millcr,*Loph Kalrim-,' 
' Iy>rh Achrny.' ' Loch Uorrin*k.' ' Kilchurn 
Castle,' ' Kdinliurt.'h from )>almeuy,' *A 
DrL-um of tlio IXiffhlainL*,' ♦ Alisry Corriea,' 
' Cilencoe/ ' Lord Miicdoniild's i>eMr Kdrcsl. in 
fikye,' and ' I'^ch MareQ,' Hia ' Invcrlocliy 
CMtl*',' 'Kveniug,' and 'A IjowliLnd Kiver' 
an in the Xaiiorifil (Inllpry of Scntland. 
Tho last imuii^d picture bos been eojirraved 
by William Forre§t. 

MncOnUoch died at St. CoImV, Trinity, 
EdinburRh, on i'l .1 nne 18(57, aad was buried 
ill Warri^tnn cemottTy. Two pdrtruilfi of 
liioi by Sir IJaniol MiK-ni-eare inllie NaliiJual 
Oallery of Scotland. 

[Scotumnn. ^AJune 1967; Art Joomal, 1867, 
p. 187; ('hnrnbem'!! Biof-rftpbicA] Dictionnr^ ol 
KmiDt'BlHS'o'itsrmm. IS?!!.!'!. Il-l-l; Kxhilntinn 
Catalogueaaf Ukci Royal ScoltiBh Acadomy, 1829- 
1BC70 Jt- '■•■ '*- 

McCtTLLOCH, Sir JAMES (1819- 
189S), AuAtrnliuQ politician, son of (iMtr^ 
McCulloch of QlAAfTOw, waa Imrn there in 
18iy. He entered early the office of Mewirs. 
Denni^toun & Co., who in Ii^-jS sent him (o 
Melbourne to ojKiit a branch of their buai- 
acat. The Adelaide, in which he sailed, 



took flrw ill thu Bay of Blacay, and thn pus- 
aengers were rsjiOMitd Id frn-nt periL 

ill 1854 .MeCulIoch ent->r«l tho then 
»inxl>t i.'Iinmbcr of Victoria a» a nomiuMi- 
iiKimber, and parly in ISfl" wa.* cWted for 
Winitnura to the first elective le^ixluttTo 
aAJHwiWy, where he look his iwat at lirHt on 
Ih^' cross benches. In April 1^57 Sir .Tohn 
(('.ShanHwy's ministry fell, and ilcOulloch 
was iiivitwd to forai a g^ovttrnmcnt — in which 
hf did not take (he poailiuu of prHmivr, but 
the porilolio of tnido and cuiitonia. Jn 
AlarcD 1808 he resignL-d. Afttr a riflit to 
England be wn^ eiei-teil in llm titil.utnn of 
thi! itiiiUL' year for East Melbourne; and in 
Uctobnr 1K5U be ajO'ptwl lb" pust of Irea- 
Burer in Sir W. Nirhoknn'ii admitiiatratjoo, 
wliii'h Ill-Id ofticL' for o year. He li^iuMl 
England again at tlui end nf 18(it0, and was 
iibspnt for most of the nejtt two Si;»itiotis. 
In lftf!2 he jiiinod Mr. Si-lIar in founding, 
in 8uec<'§sinn to iJenniitoun & Co., ihu biui^ 
nv--^* which bears their joint uumes, and (he 
(iame year on liia rvtuni to thvuiloiiy he waa 
again elected totbeaiuicmljlr f"r Momiiijiloo. 

La Juno 1<^'J3 ho formed a coalition with 
bis old oppondiil. t!fali-ji, nnd b(.*C8ine for the 
first lime prenuier of the colony, beini» chiof 
j"pcn-tary for a fliort time, and then lor four 
Reflninn.'i unfltniasltir-p^ntirol. This ministry 
v/ne considered the strongest ever forwi-d in 
Victoria np to that lime; and it held olQcn 
during times of peculinr r.tciteiiiL-nt. It 
ad'iptfd the nroposalii of ■Ur. Tn-iisiiri-r \'»t>- 
don for a moJeruld prolcctivu tariEF.and camA 
into coElision with the frei-lrade lepDlative 
nouncil, which threw out the aupplie^. In 
the uitxt erMvion the collision was repeated^ 
and .^^cCul!nch appeali'd to the country.. 
Comiu;{ liBck with a large majority in Fo- 
brunry IrtfHi, he again carao to a deadlock 
with the council and o^in resigned in May. 
The governor could set no one else to form 
n niinielry, and ou AlcUulIoch's rc-tum to 
power a confen^ncH betwt^i-n thn bouiinM ad- 
juDtod tbodiffLTuncu foratime. The di^nta 
wa.4 rwiiewiftl uwin^ lo lliy inttricntion of 
the home povemment in the interest nf the 
coimcih ^ir CharlL>s Darling wan recalled 
on Iht! ground of iilb<g«>d prirlix'inihiti M-ith 
McCiillocli'a ministry, and McCuIIocIl pro- 
jinscd to vote bitn 20,01X1/. as a compensa- 
tion. The Iap.JiiativL' council took th« side 
of the crown, and a tierce ttruoiKle euauod. 
The diiwolution of the hooso only sent baek 
the govi.!rntuvtit stronger tbim buforo; bat 
the fresh intervention of Ibe lioma govern- 
ment caused the roHignalion of McCulIoch's 
miniBlry, and luatliTit wlth only si<tllisd by 
the refusal of Sir C. l>arliug to accept tlia 
proffrred grant. 



In July }9CS, atuT Wtag for • (cvr momlu 
out (if power. 5lc4_'uUi)cJi becamt! ^mmurfbr 
m Mcond limi;, holding the pasts of trea- 
murtft aril] rlilKf MervtAry. H« m«i|^tNl in 
SeptembOT 1809, after receiving the honour 
of knij;hthn>Kl on (lie occasion of th? Duk<; 
of Rtlinbur)ih'A vUit. In April isro hit 
•gain became prmiier, holding the same 
posuat before; but in the folTowinff yMr 
m y»u detsaXvd becaiuse be declined to in- 
ereaae the protective duti«s any fuTtbi>r. 

Mi'f.'alloclt (icUd a« agvnt-i^Dcral for tho 
colony in l.nndon duriog l>f7'J and 1873, 
and in l«7i ho was made a K.r.M,(T, For 
■ Cirav ho n-lnnied to (ho coluuv, and biv 
cain« premier on 20 UcL ISTft; but hi* 
fourth tcnutv of office was obstructed bj 
tlia 'stoni^waning ' tactics of Sir (irahRm 
RetTV, who oiaintainiNl that thi> (^tvemmfnt 
m^oritv did nol really n<llect the pe*:ipl»'s 
will. VcCuHoch introrltiwd the 'cloaurc' 
rule with a x-ievr to meeting hi« oppoQento, 
bat bi« partf was utterly defeated at the 
general election in >]ay 1877. Oii thu ns- 
■■mWi"g of the new bouse .McOuUocb. vrha 
bad bi-en t.decti'd for Warmambool, found 
bimaelf practically -n-ilhoul followDn, aud 
ahortlj aher retired frDmparli&meiiiary life, 
aettting in I-lniilAnd, 

lie waa twice presiilent of thn Melboumo 
Chamber of Commerce as well as director 
of •nvral bankxand public compnnies. Ilw 
toobeapecial inlerest in the Nnliona! inl- 
Urry of Vittorin, and a cooaiderable part in 
(be seleciioQ of picture for iu 

McL'uUoch die<l on .11 Jan. 18'J.3 at his 
nfeij^enoe, Oarhand ITall, Kwell, Surrey, 
lln waa twice niArriivl: Rnt, in 1^1, to 
Snsn, ilaufchter of the Rev. Jnmps lien- 
-wirk of ^Itiirion; secondly, in 1837. to 
Marjroret. daughter of William JngMs of 
Walilat, BiimhartoD, who survived liini. 

[llntton'* Aiihtr. Diet, uf Lhttefi: Munncll'ii 
Diet, of An«t7. Hiog. ; Vtcturiaa Pari. Deb-ttas,] 

C.A.H. 

MjICXJULLOCH, JOHN, M.D. (177*- 
18iS>i), jreiilofiifit, was bom in Ouernaey, 
Oct. 1773, bta mother, Elijubetfa, beiiu a 
daughtrrnf Tfinmas do Lisle, a jurat, of that 
■alaiulfbut hi!>litthi?r.Jara«s.whowa-iengagwl 
in buatnuss in Krktaay. was de^rended tnm 
Um Uacmllnch* of Nvther Ardwell in Q&l- 
lowny. John, the third eon, a precocious, 
ihoufrhtfnl child, wfi.s »nt to school, first at 
Plympton, then at FuDzancc. and lastly at 
Lostwithiel, whem hi^ n-mainml thrM' vi-ars. 
TbeacK be went to Edinburgh to stody medi- 
aat, and graduated M.D. iSSept. 17^, with 
A tliMU on eleeuicity. HtranunodforBomc 
time Irjrifiier at the atuTcnity, and, as be 

TOt. XIXT. 



afiem'ards .xlaied. those aTBtematic journeys 
in Scollaud which supplied the material 
I for tho miiin work of ui« life gruw out of 
the ' hoyiHh wanderinoa of his oollege faoli- 
davs,' when he Tisitea such places as l>un- 
kold and ilunsinnne. At lliis tinir-)tKfiirini«d 
a dose friend.ihip with Walter {ftlVrwardfl 
Sir Walter) Scott ami with Thomas Dou- 
gla-S fifth enrl of Selkirk [n-v.'J Janwvs Mac- 
culloch, the father, lost hisbuslDessiu France 
in con»i-r{tionco of the roTolutJon : was im- 
Dri»oned duriu^ the reign of terror; and after 
hilt release quitted th« country and settled 
in Cornwall. John obtained the position of 
useistant surtruon to tlio royal nyluitfnt of 
artillery: but hli scientific acquirements bfr- 
camo known, and in 1603 he wu apnoinlod 
chi-miKt to tln! bcMinl iif onlnance. Iti 1807 
hs established himself at llLackh<^ath, where 
for a time he followed his prafession, and waa 
admilt<>d a lic«Dtiat« of toe Colletre of IHijr- 
iiiciauq, 9U Sept. IHOS, but gave up practice m 
181 1, when he was sent by the board of ord- 
naucv to Scotland, lodvtcrmiiiL' what Linditof 
rock could be most safely employed in |»owder- 
mills. \ comiuistiion followed to atii.-cnain 
on which nf the Scotch mountain* I h>- ejcperi- 
menu which had been undertaken hy Maske- 
Irn* in 1774, in rvpurd to iJie ilellectinn of 
the plumh-line, mi^ht he rpncated with most 
ftdTontoge, From 1&11 to l&Jl he Travelled 
yearU inSci'ithmd, occumulslin^ n vnst Morn 
of scicuiLfic obiierTalion^, lie wa.s elected 
a fellow of the Liiuiean Society on 21 April 
1801, and a member of thn Qeuloziciil So- 
ciety of London on G KbU. IHOS. His mime 
appears amon^ the council in the first rolume 
of ill"? Gtwlo(jiCJil Society's ' Tranwu'l ions,' to 
which he ronf.rihut^'d a papnr nn(Jiii»rn»C'yftnd 
the other Cluinnel isUnds, his tirst inijioVtant 
eointribnt ion to ei'olotry. and he wa* pn-'idont 
in 1816-17. Mooculloci] waa aUo iippuinied 
about 1H14 geologist to the trigotiu metrical 
surrey, and waji Iiwlurvr im chcmi^rry and 
mineralop^y at the Hoynl Militan- Ai-ndfiuy, 
Woolwicli. liBter in life be hud a similar 
appointment at, the Kiwt India Company's 
(Vulegeat Addiscnrobe, and he was nominntfid 
in 1830 physician to rriacie Leopold of Saxe- 
CohuTff, and was elected a fellow of tlu> Royal 
Society in the same year. In Im}6 be was 
commissioned to prepare a irenloj^ical mapof 
Scotland. The tuoa had occurred to him at 
an early period, and on his prvviuus vititu to 
Scotland nc had ufi«d 'hisown tiuii*aii'Up.nt 
his own money ' in [he iolerrala of work for 
the gOTernment iu making invi-iliinittiin* in 
the mailer. FpomiaJfltx>iSSOhrwa.» busily 
enffa^ed, traveltinff in Scotland dorms' *^^ 
Slimmer, and amn^oe hiit tnaicriali* in tho 
wintM. In 1636, to the iurpriw; of his ac- 

c 



• 



qunintancea, he mftiriiiil ft Miss White, but 
nut mat! V wevks uflerwards, whLlt> iravellin^ 
wiUilierin (-'orutPa.ll, he was throirn from lii^ 
carria^ luul feustaiiutd a compuuuJ fracture 
of thil lii^r. It was AQipuLalcd, anil lie ^aok 
ftfter tli« opRralion, dyiiip on 2i> Aup, ui tbi' 
bouse uf tt frk'n'], f.'i>]>tuiii (Ji<!ily, U.N., uf 
Polwir, near I'ttneanco. He was buriBiJ at 
Gulvul, neat that tow-n, 

Mucizullocli wiia ft man of iinw^nricil in- 
d<i8iry, ftuJ liirt knowledge iucliided (jeolotfj-, 
mill firalogy and chiTnistrj,pby*ic»(iniimuthL— 
mFLlicK, bounty luid (oolo^^y, itvt-ii lUL-ciiimics 
anil iircbil«cturi>, besides, of wiirne, uiediciiie. 
lie was 8omf.-tbiD|^ of a musician and of an 
artist, llis writings Hrviiuiii.LTuua. Jli^iuiuor 
ftcioiiLific papers are seventv-nino in nixmbcr, 
the majunty buluK Koological, but they also 
deal tvitli *Hi:h Aitbjcirt.'t lut iimbLriu, an in* 
dolIblB iiik, thii iiaLumliMtion of nliLiitu and 
animuls— forin«tHrif<','ifnuiriiL*"fi»ilifi»infrenb 
wnt'.T — ■hftiT era brt pan. with ihi'ircUiwu.drficU 
Art!, and the use of lif;bl« or tir^s in fi§heri«s. 
Th'>y oppared chif^lly in tfio 'fJnnrUTly Jpur- 
imL of ycifuci.*.' (bni ' Kdinburgh JourD;iL of 
Scifiice,' tiiL- ' Kdiaburyh I'hilo.^opEiical Jour- 
nal,' oud the 'Trauiiaciionttof tiii; Ui;ol<»^iual 
Society of I JKiiIon.' Tolln- lasthiiCfmlribuliM 
ninnriM>n iiEiperfl, Bonnj of chcm of consitlfirablo 
lenfftK; iti'? nirLJnnlv di.'ult wilh th" i^.-i)l(ijry 
of ScotUnf!,uii(l thai nn Tbo'l'aratb'l RoiiitiH 
of Glenroy ' is the first caruful account cif t beso 
rcmarliablc ivrrnci. Mnrciilirtoli n'^TirdL-d 
tbemo^ lacustrine, not marine; but as a datu 
of glacier ice had not been then devised, he 
was obviou»ly piuKlecl lu ncnnint for tho ab- 
Nt-nte of ftiiy trace* of a barriur at Lbii und i>f 
tbo suppoeed luliL', 

Tht' foUiiwiti^ are (be morw imiiortaDt of 
liiH InrgTT works : I. • A Des^ripiinn of the 
Weai«rn Isles of Scotland, incluains the Me 
of Man,' 3 vols. Sro, with an ntliw in 4to. 
1819. 2. 'A Ooologrical Class ifiaatiou of 
Kocks,* 1821. 3. ' On th* Art of Making 
Wine,' ltl2l ; 4Tb od. }82i>. 4. ' Higbbinda 
luid Witnlmm I»Ii'« of Scotland,' a )^-npral 
arrount of thn country, in the form of n spri(\« 
of letters to Sir Wnlt<>r Hcott, 4 vob. IWi. 
fi. ' Malaria, an KsRay on th*^ I'roduction 
and Pru[iA^ation of tub PoUon,' kc, ifi27. 
a. 'Kssay oD IbeXntermittfrnt and lt/>tuitl^nt 
Biewwoo',' 2 Tols. li*2R; Philadplphia, 1&30. 

7. ' A System nf < leologj', with a Theory of 
tbc Earth, and nn K\planation of its Connec- 
tion with tbo Hacri'd Kvcordi',' 2 vol*. 1S31. 

8, ' GeoloRical Map of Scotland, with a aU». 
moir to H.M. Truatmy," 1B30. 9. ' Proofs 
and llluctraliuHH nf tbo Attribute nf God 
fmin the Facts and Lawa of the Phy^cnl 
Universe,' &c., 3 void. 18.17. The last was 
a pOHtbufflotu work, published is aceonlanee 



with din«tinTi.i loft bir him, for it had been 
cumpletod in 1830, but held back becau>>» nf 
thi* ftppciiranccof iho' BridjfewaU*rTrftfttifiw.* 
The ' Geological Map of Scotland ' was also 
published a ft.-w mouths aftiT bis d«a1-1). 

SoDoo pun^nt rumarka in the fintaiidtbJrd 
of these worlcit on the procrastination, slovenly 
habits, and othor defects of tbc sea-cuast Cidu 
uxi'it«4) vvbemtnit indifrni'tioii, which wna iut> 
preasftd in print hv Or. John liixiWTi inaTitn- 
perative book (cf. Gent. Mnj. 20 Aiift- 1^>). 
ftir Cliarli-a Lycll, who flrai met Macculloca 
about 16i'.', speaking Iroin the chair of the 
CieologieolSociety, hwiraaleasgrudftinjt testi- 
mony to Maeculloeh'e talents. ' Th<:^ tntluvnco 
exerted by them [his writings] otv tbc pro- 
msa at our science has been powerful and 
lastini:, yot tbey bavu been lost genenlly ad- 
miral and »! udied than tbej dtiserTO. ']1mr 
popularity has bo«n impaired by a waiit uf 
condenMtionandflearneiwintbi'slyl'*, which 
nonfl could mota ea.<«i1y Iiavi> rnmodied tlian 
the author, had he been willinif to submit 
to the nflcc58ary Inlwur.' Lynll also oom- 
plainsthat*a waiit of enthusiasm fi>r bis8ut>- 
joct is perceptible, eapecially in liis '* System 
ufCJvofu^,' and a dispiKitiun to Dttji;U'ct or 
sptuik sliffbtinely nf tbi; Inbounofotbvm, and 
evon t» treat in a tone bonlering on ridicule 
dninj; entiri" di-partmenls of sciencti connected 
witii gttologj', nuvh na tlto study of f<i8^l 
coucholugy.' Lyell attributed tlieee impcr- 
fi.-ctions to habitual ill-benlt1i acting on a 
s^iiBit Jvo mind, and to a. &xud iinproskion t bat 
his sen'ic^ in th« cause of geology wer« 
un^urratod. 

Mac't:ullocii'a writinj^ gira tb« impre«itioo 
that ho was a man of solitary habits, making 
but few friends, and somewhat trying (as 
is reported) those fmv: of a critical nntnro, 
keen at detecting an uusound argument or a 
vulnerable point in a pobitiou. DilTuMr his 
style may m, but it U dmooth and baliuimsl, 
and not s-ddom Maccuilocb enlivens a narra- 
tive 'Of plain foclti or tlia cminie of a Bcienl ilic 
argiimptit bv Koinc touch of ciiuslic bnniuur 
or some sound phllcisnphio maxim; he waa 
also n skilful and adroit contRiver^iuUst. 
Undoiil>(i.-dly ho ilid not fully appreciate tho 
important of palrcotiiolopy. It was then a 
novel branch of invest igat ion, and be wan one 
of tlio old echool of goologist* who couhl not 
forget Ihat'tWir futhfjr was a mineralogist.' 
Of the solid value of hid work there can be 
uu cjUiKStiun. lie made mititakv^, but in his 
dayn p"ologv wa-t almost in iti« infancy ; and 
the genomtjon which succeeded bim, whiW 
profesaing to correct and impnivn bin work, 
not once onlT went wrooewhium he had been 
right— cliielly owing to the want of bis sound 
knowledge of mineralogy and his inductivo 



lubit of ihooght. For insmnw, hs iliily np- 
pncjalii) ilii> intni«ivo cliiirmder of iwrlam 
•lrtp*'m ibfi Wftitcm InlnmLt, (ho nntMr>> rif 
the nabbros of tlio Cucliullin IlilU. and th« 
HriM«nCA of t)in.-« typps of rod siktt'htr>ne ui 
ScoitftDiL 'Tint wide nngo of Iiih iiuiv^ and 
of Uii obserralion as k cnveller is well Jn- 
dicsiml br t Itc It-n^thy aub-titlc of lit:; ' Higli> 
laniU and We.tnm I>le!i of Hcoliatid,' » brnik 
wUich tmmdcs iho trader witb excvIlRtit 
fan*, il »«>;n«w!iBt 'c'onfu»«l.' HU ' IW 
•eripLion iif (Up WeatPni Islns' fltiU renniitis 
mmoOBT tlie classic works in gcnloj^-. In Qne, 
til* mriiHl wliiirh lias i-Ujupd nD(>< Maccul- 
Inch s dentb Uns fiitiv jti.'<titied the laiidntorr 
phrnM^ tritli which 'T^yetl concludes his obi- 
touT notice: ' Aa nn original observer lie 
jiplilBto no other (reologisi of our own time, 
AD-l 14 p^^rbaps unrivalled in the wide raiiffC 
of 9iil>j«ct« on wliich hv displsyad gTvm tuluut 
and profound knowledge.' 

Thu Rtxal Hociely poaeMses » portrait Cm 
cii»> of M»w-uHi»cli, mncl the 0<!oIo(;ic&l S^^ 
elety a marbln bust. 

[Pnxj. Ceol, Soc il. 3.19 (obituary ROticel ; 
many ii)«ulrii(al detaita occur in his wnrk* ; thn 
Cjcloji^-lut of Biography coBtain* « rnthor full 
mmiotr: Qtat. 3Ia^. 18l<,pt.ii.; Mnnk'ii OMl. 
of E%y«. iii. 66. «h«re the uams ik pven ss 3Iae* 
cullnrk^t is u)<N>prin(«d (ap[j«ruuO)' nith vomo 
ftstfaorilyl as VacCnllDdE.j T. Ct. B. 

McCTDLUWH, JOHN* RAMSAY ( 1781)- 
IStNl, Afaiiiiiiciau niid political iK-onomist, 
btimat Wbitiiom, \Vif[lowns3iir"j,oii I .March 
I'Sfl, WMflldtf^l ikm of Edward McCutlorh, 
laird of Aud>encri»l. in l bn "Irwnrt n,- of K irk- 
eadbrifrht, by Sarah, daughti>r of the Iteff. 
jBiii*»ljainif, I >.!)., inini<(li^r of tfao parish of 
Glaas^non, Wigtownflhw\ llts fatiier dyiiif[ 
wbih< bt- wa« a mere chiJd, be recolred the 
riiHinirnrAoflcnow1«df^ from bis grandfuthier. 
Ilifl mother married ngmiii^aad rvniovi-d xa 
Kinma*. wlif;i>- McOuUoch went to »c)inoI for 
■amH yaar», afivr which ho atudici] at. Edin- 
btUwlL, attciiiiiug ihi! olaaM-H of 8ir John 
LciTiD [q, v.j. why became his friend, and 
Dr. Thonua Itruwn, who tfavr him a distaelij 
for mntaphyaica Jlit took no dtwreo, pnU-rod, 
Had K<OD nuitted in diagitsl, toe office of a 
writiT to tlir pifl^nftt. and d^viit'.-d himself to 
the Etudy of ei:onnroicti. Hin fir!«t publication 
W4« ' A n Kuiay on a Reduction of the Intere*t 
of tbrt National Debt, proving that thia ia 
Ui»onty noesible means of lli.dtuvintf tkii Dit>- 
tmKS 01 the Commercial and -\^cultur«I 
latfrefta; uid Ketablifhiuf; tbo Jufilice of 
that -Measurp on the SureKt Prinrtpb-* of 
Poliiicivl EconomT,' London, l&IC, 8vo. 
Mi-r_'iilJoch wrot«> th« wooomical articl<>8 for 
the ' Scotsman ' dnrinf tho flntt ten years of 
its exiat«iic», 1817-S(, and for two years 



l818-:;0. acted u ita editor. Between 1618 
anil t^i'8 tiirt waaa reffulnrcuntributorto the 
' I-'dinbur(;b Review. 

-McOulloch alao )»c(i]tm) od political eco- 
n(iniT,findfonnedc1ajueaforiUdt8CQCsiotibotb 
in Mdinbiiiiih ami in Loadoo, where in I1"24 
he dplirered the Tticardo Memorial Lccturea, 
tbc eubetasce of which did doubk- duty iif an 
article on ' Politjcal Economy ' in I hv «ii|iiile- 
iiieuttothe'£ncyclopnidial)ritunnicR,'nn(i'A 
Discourse ou the Riao, Progrrew, IVciiIiar Ob- 
jitcts and Impnrtanee of Political Economy,' 
"Edinbwi^fh, iii'>4, 1825, 8to (Fruocb transla- 
tion by Guilkume rr^vosf, Ptari*, lJ^2ri,8ro). 
Ei]Hitidi-d into a formal lrflut.ifle,i( ri-apiK-artMi 
aa' rhel'rineiplpaofl'olitical Economy: with 
a Sketch II f tlie Rise and ProgreMof tho 
Scittnci',' Kiiinburgh, ] fi'Jfi.y vo ( later edit ions, 
f-ondon. 1«K>; Edinhurffb, 1643 and 1849, 
8vo; popular reprints, London, 1870. 1978, 
and lH8(i. Svo). For some yeara Mct'uUnch 
continued hit lecturer nt London, forming 
classes oa at Edinburgh in councrtion with 
tbvin, and «uocci.>di;d in mtiking tb^ diifnuil 
science temporarily fashionuhtv. Examined 
before tho soluct comnutlee on ibi; pUito of 
Ireland in Juno IH^i'i, hv art^ed that ab* 
aenteeiem could not materially injure that 
coonl rv, beraut^e rent wan ordinaril)' remit ttid 
throuf^lt thn medium of bilU of excbanfje 
drawn a^inst exports, a fallftcy trenchantly 
expOMd m • Blnckwood,' xix. 6^ et. itiv|. an^ 
XXIV. 758 (we hi* evidonc* in Pari. Papera, 
IHiio, SffiorU from Commilfrtji, viii. 807 
ot i|«i.> la 1828 ha accepted lb.> pbiiir of 
political eromiinr at the newly founded uui- 
Tersity of London, now ['nivrfrgity College; 
l.h« chair wan unendowed, and iloCulloch 
I reaipied it in 1832. 

In an ' Essay on the Circum-^tanccs which 
deturminelbo llat« of Wd^^'a and the Cnn> 
diiiott of the Labouring CI<i8£ce,' Edinburfch, 
\>^^i^^, lUmo (later ediliiriiw, London, ISol, 
18.'i(, 18C8, 8to), McCulloch espoanded th« 
Cfliibrated'waffci*' fund thpory,' which, aft«r 
being regarded as an impregnable poi^tion by 
one entii« gmrnratioo, ws« surrendered by t bo 
next almoet without a atni^ftle, on the first 
a6sauItrseeLD8LIE,TH0UAsEDWAKI]CL1FfT, 
1827-18821 Inl82«hepub]i*bedauedilioii 
of ' Tho "NVealih of Nations,' with ' a Lif« 
of the Author, an Introductory UbcourKe, 
Notes, and. Supplemental Dissert B.t ions,' Edin- 
bur^'h, -1 vols. 8vo, which at oocesuiH'recded 
all existing editions, and ban been frequently 
n-'prmted (Jxjndon, 1838, Iftirt, 1857, 18153, 
8to>. To the ' Library of Useful Kiiowlcdgo' 
he toatributod in 1831 a 'Trealiso on lh« 
Priiiciidt"^, Practice, and llidory of Cuta- 
. merce, I^ondon, 8to, which contained a 
I powerful stalcmeat of the cose for free trade. 



McCuUoch 



McCuIIoch 



* 



Ic ivu npriated in W«t«nton'a ' C^rdopndU 
of ComnKrce,* London. 1)^7, 8ro. 

In l$32 McCiillctoh piiblUheil liia mn<rt 
imp:>nant work, *A DtctionATf, Practical, 
Theoretic*!, and lliitoricalf of Commerce 
siul Commereul Navi^lion/ Loodon, Hvo, 
Ka ulmirable comp«Ddiuai of informfllion on 
all muttLTH connected with comiDL-rcinlinuti^ 
ftctiont, IhumhI on consular r«|iorta Bail oilier 
exact statislicA, cmbodrinj; ihs results of r»- 
■eaidlM axtffndiit){ ovitr twpiitv venm, nnil 
vliich, frwiuently rpvi*>d, hfilif tIimu(fhoui 
McCullochi) life, and Bt ill retains, tlie rank of 
a work of AiichnHlv- tt was followi-d by 'A 
StatiHliciil Anooiint of tlit^ British Kmpire' 
(Society for thw Diffiisian of I'iefiil Know- 
ledge). I-oniJon. lft»7, >*ro. 1 839, 2 vol*. 8vo, 
in which eminent soieuUGc specialists col- 
laborated. 

In ] f<'-i4 McCullodi was appoiutud to ttic 
comptrolleifsliip of the atatioDery office, ami 
discluir^^ (hu dutiott of the oEKco witli grvat 
vflicii-ncv until hi* dtiiilh. 

Ho Btiil purened liis favourite f>tudia<i with 
hardly obiitwl eiinrgy. Tn l.'*4I hepiihli«hed 
* A T>tciioiiari-,<;eoemi)hicftl, St«lij!ticftl,iinil 
Uistorienl, of the Various Countries, Places, 
and Principal Nnturnt Objects in the World,' 
Londoi), 2 voli. Svo ( lnte»t edit ion bv Marlin. 
London, IStHJ, 4 -vols. 8to) ; in 1845 'A 
TreatiM on the L'rinciulos and i^ractical In- 
fluenco of Taxal ion and I he I'undiiijf System," 
Loodfin, 8vo,nnd 'Thol.ilcrnture of Political 
Economy: a L'ias»i(ii?'i L'atHhiffuu of SeWt 
Piiblicutionfi in thu diirerent Denartraenta of 
tbiit Siritincii ; with Hinturicnl, Crilicnl, nnd 
liibliographicnl Not ire^i,' l.ondi^n, 8vn — an 
excellent bibliogrBphr^ marred by a some- 
wlini inftil(>f]iint'» trparmi'nt of fort'ipn wrilirs. 

In l(*ltt he edited 'The Works of Uavid 
Hicardo, with aXotico of the Life and Writ- 
ings f>f ihe Authi-T,' London, Svo. In 1848 
appeared his 'Treatise on the Succession to 
Properly Vncnul by Pufilh : inchidin)f In- 
quiritvi into thit Irifiueur" of ]'rini(.>((t'nitun', 
Knraila, CompnlBniy Partition, Ac, over the 
Public Interests,' London, 8vo. In ISTiS \w 
pnbti-*hrtlAVrthinief>f'1"ivAtia(«aandEiwayaon 
Subjects connwted with Ecouotnical Policy: 
with Hiographical SkvlchM of Qiirtsnay, 
Adam t^tuith, and Rinardo,' I'dinbiireh, Bvo; 
^nd ndil, pnbirffed, iJ^rifl. For Iht' P'ditinil 
Economy Club, of which ho was an nri|^inal 
momhi^r, 111? wilted in I8fi0 'A SeWt Collrr- 
tionof SfBTcnand Vnl liable Trarfs on Money, 
fromlhi'DriRinnls of Vsu(rhan,Cottoii,rntly. 
Lownde.s, Xewl on. Prior, llarriri, nndolhisra,' 
London, 8vo; fi>T his frit-nd Lord OverstooB 
in 18fi7, ' A Snlficf Gollcction of Scarce and 
Valnalil'' Tract* and other Publications on 
the National Dobt and thu Sinking Fund, 




from the Originals of Ilarlpr.OouldfPulteney, 
Walpole,IIunie,Price, Hamilton, and otiier*." 
I>on(!on. 8i-o, snd a similar collection * On 
Paper Currt-ncy and Banking, from the Ori- 

SnalaoflIume,Wallaci*, Thornton, llicardo, 
lakv, Iluskiisson. and oib«t»,' London, l*vo; 
in lSfi8 'Tract* and other Publieationa on 
Metallic and Paper Curroncr.' London, 8^-o; 
and in 1 8-')fl ' A t>ilpCt Coll«ctiim of Scare* and 
Valuable Tracts on Commerce, from ihoOripi- 
fials of Evelyn, I>efo«'. Itichnnliwin, TuckM, 
TempV, and others,' London, fivo. In iHdO 
he contribtiled the article on' Taxation' to thitr 
eijibtb edition of the ' Encycloiuedia Ilritan- 
nica,'Tol. XKi. (reprinted separately the samo 
year, Kdinbut^h, fol.) 

Af^cr some years of failin([ h«alt)i JfcOul- 
locb died at lliv vlalioncry office on 11 Xov. 
lHli4. Ilia valuable library, of over t*a 
thousand volumi'^, pasi>(.<d lu Lord Ov«r»tone. 
McCullcich wB)i i<!wt»'d in IH4.'l a foreign 
aaaociate of the Institntu of Fraocu.ond from 
184*1 WM in receipt of » pi>vem[n<>nl pension 
fit 'iOCll. ayear. Hemnrriwl.on 11 Xov. 1811. 
Isabella Stewart, by whom he had fnnr Hona 
nnd flix danght*^*. His wifi- was buried by 
hid) side in llrompton cemetery in July 18fi7. 
A portrait of McCuIIoch by Sir IHniel 
Macnoo ia ia tho National Portrait Gallery, 
London. 

M^cCuHoch's place la rather among Biatis' 
ticiaim than ecifrwrniMtit. Coinpltrlely domi- 
nated by his masters, Adam Smith and lli- 
cardo, h« shrank from no concbwion, huwever 
pnradoxical, which aeuned dediicihlo from 
their principles, and practically did lit tl«mnm 
tbiinrL-Miitethrirvicwsin the most nnqitaliiied 
and dogmatic terms <cf. J. B. Sav, (Eunvs 
i Divfrge*. I84y, pp. I'lit ct srq.i Hi» * IMo- 
cipli.-*,' howevur, had thi* niwrit of estremo 
lucidity, were Irannlated into French, Gtr- 
mnn, and Italian, and, until )>upiT«eded by 
lh(f jirwit work of Mill, cmwlitiiteid a sort of 
manual of politico-«conomicalorthod(}xy. Ilia 
hnbit of rxjtrntiii^ liimiti^lf in I be' Klinbursh 
Ileriew' is exposed with much humour by 
Wilwn (Cbri«t(>[ih(>r Xortli) in ' Siiini* Il!uv> 
trationa of Mr. BIcOullocVa Prinnplesof Poli- 
tical Eeonoray, by Mordecai Mullion,' EiUn- 
hnrfrh and Ijondon, ISilfi, Amtixing nntint« 
ofhim.WmcC iincs under the nifiknarafi of 'Tho 
Slot, 'will also lie fmindncntteri'il thmuRh the 
'XoctcB AmbmsianiR' (iiee also Blfirfaisnui, 
jtxvi. r>n et sen,,G;7 et seq,, xxix.SlI, 394, 
and xxxiii. 4-^). Ah a diliircnt collector, 
however, of economic facts, McCuIIoch did 
eminemly useful work. Kt- wa» a man of 
immense physicii! sln.'Tjjjth and atiirdy and 
Bipjngly mnrk'-sl indiviiiualify, and, despite 
bin long residence in London, retained to iho 
end Ula brood S^coltiah accent, and his aitacb- 



I 




McCulloch 



MacCurtia 



(Dent to wbig principle, bis native Whitiiom, 
and lit* nntivc whiaky. 

McTullocb cuutri Imled «iewntT-«ix Brticlos 
to tiia* tMinbur^b lleview'betwt-en I81t^aiiil 
183T. Minur niin^^'lliinca sra: 1. 'ObsiTvu* 
tioii»i>n I be |liil_vrtpSL'«iU'n'ji:fC''iiilHinliitt tliK 
Feruliar Duiieaand Cfaar^ffion Coal in Ibu 
^cirt nf ix>ntl<>n, founilrii >.iii thi> lU'jMirls uf 
Puliuiu>ntarT Cominittdr^nndothi^rlltlifiiil 
]>ocume»t«,' London, 1S31, 8vci. 3. 'Obser- 
TstiAtu ou Iba Inflticnw of ibe East India 
Compaay's Monopoly oa the Price and Supply 
of T««, and on lh»^ Or>niini<roj with Indiii, 
Chinn. &«•.,' Loudon. IrtSl , J^vo. 3. • Histori- 
es] Sk«rcb of tUe Itank of Kn^laad. niili 
«o X^aminalion of tho (jue*lioD as to th<e 
Ffolougaliun of iho Excluaivo IViviiugM 
of ihAl Kstablishnicnl ,' l^ndon, 1831, Svo, 
4. ' Oliserrutiutis illuttnilivc uf tbu I'mctt- 
ral (Ipi-rnltuii ami Hrml Kllect of the DuIum 
<in Paper, ebowiii^ tlie expedieninr c^ tbeir 
|{«(fiiriion or lUpval,' tjoadon, 188II, Sva. 
A. * StAiemenii* iiluHrntivi; of thtf Pnliry and 
l*Tobable Con-imuencefl of tb'e ProprHed U^ 
pe»l of the »ii>l inp t'om Law^i, and tlio Im- 
fMsitiuo in llieir eiead of ■ Moderate Fixed 
Uutjr on Foreign Com wln?n entprod for 
Cunsumption/Lunil'jD, 1*^1 t-'jrd udit. ),4vo. 
iV. 'MKmorniidiiiafe on the Proposed Impor- 
Utioo uf Fiireien Ik-tf aiid Llvu istuck, &d- 
dfWHil to AU-xaiid<-f .Murmvi ^^-i M.V.,' 
Lioodon, l^:i, Mm. 7. 'Sketch oftho Life 
and Writings of Adam Smith. LL.[*.,'Editi- 
butgb, IWA, 8vo. K 'Coti-^idfratinn.t on 
Partnerships with Limited Liabiiily,' Lon- 
<loti. iHitS, 8to, 0. • An Pvwny on Wcigbta 
and >(«uan>^* appeiidod to NichoU and 
Fowlvr'a ' Handy-Ilook of Weight* and 
UewureSt'I^ndon, \SiW, triy. 

Atnt at I^Ianiptir, McOiillojuli'a rld»t eon, 
bom on 28 Feb. IrtlO, in iht' iiariult f>f St. 
Cothbrrt'tiCO. f'Vdinl>urfi;h,nttenaed thcKdin- 
burg'h High Schw)!; JMined AddiscoTolw a* 
a cadi>t, on th« nominntion of .lanw.^ Hivett. 
Cwnac, oa 15 Feb. ltC3, and receiving a 
COntOttaaion as ensi^i 12 l)co. It^dl, arrivisl 
at Fncc William 21 July I'il}^. ilti waa 
appmntvdauccv«ivvlyto^lhnBtiv«inruiitrv 
■t Dinapore {8 Aur. followinf;), to 30t.n 
native infantry at Beuun-a (12 Auif.), and 
to 13t li native infiantrv at llariilly ( :^4 8i?pt.), 
and hti comiiianded the detachmunt at Deo- 
lifwnti, ^ntplnrrd on corilnn duty, IWiiniin^ir 
lieutenant li^ F«b. I83i), he woa appointed 
int^^rprvter and quail t-rtniwtf'r to !ii» ci)rpii in 
July iK{9, and iiAiiMant to th« political op^nt 
at MutipurorMunninare in April ISiO, Al- 
ihotigh oe tcmpomrilT act^d as ffupcrint^n- 
daat of Cachar tfjto 2 1-V1>, to 7 Nov. l(*4a, 
hecouliouedto bold bis office at Manipurtill 



tbe middle of 1^^^, when bf> wn.i promoted 
tothepovt uf iKjlitical n^<nt there. He ob- 
tained the rank of oumainltOJuiia IK4>), nnd 
of majiir i Sept. ]B5j, and retin-d from the 
army with tho rank of lieuteimutTolnni'l 
31 Dec. letiil. In l^iSbii pliiL-i-al Maniimr 
wan tf ikon by Asaiftlant-Hurueon IMllon.liut 
DillonV fuilun- to inaiio^t' lliu iiatite.<i led to 
a reiiutnption of the otlit-e by .McCulloch late 
in IBM. He (innlly retired in ]8t{7, and 
died in I8S6. Up niii> aullior nlnn 'Account 
of the Vallev of [.Manipur or] ,M imniportt and 
thu Hill TriVe.' C'aJcutta, lf<%) (^information 
kindly priwun<il frniii tliv India olSc« \jy 11. 
Uilz^'au Heid, ear^.} 

[ScotMnnn, 12 Nov. 18«4; Oeiit Mag. 1838 
pt.i. p. 311, 1865 pt. i. p. Ill; Rnid^ fiifi^. 
Koiiee of J. U. McCulloi-h. proSsed to ths 
Dii-tiatiBry of L'oiiiiiii>rce. oil. IHflA; Bibliotvoa 
dull' £cunuioi«la, !■• wi-ic. vol. liii,. a*** gerie, 
1*01.111. : Conrrnutiioit* [jfsiknn. 10th cd. Lfliptif;, 
i&!H,fce.; Vnptn-au'it I>irt.di-ii OQi>t«irinp.; llitiii'a 
Life or Jnmra Mill ; Cuvkburn'v Lifo of Lord 
J^ffrey.i. a77,ii. 377; Waovoy Na pier's Sdaetton 
from the Oumap. of the Uto Mnevcy Napinr; 
Ilenry Coekburna Lotleni, p. ISl; Blackwuod'a 
Kdiuburgb Ma^ziiir, xxxii. Qo. xur. S.IS «t 
soq. ;Prjmo'»Amotji.>nrii]ilj"u'RpculU'tIii.ii«,187", 

L127: NolM and i^ucrx-*, ^tli m-r. x. 242 ; A 
ttur tp ilie ShurcliolJ*ni mid Cmincil of tliP 
Unircreily of LoTirtuu on the I*ri-*n.'nL 8t«t« of 
thillmtiimi"!). l»3i); Lronnrd I lorn era Letter 
to th«Co(i[icilof ih« I'nivenityof Uondon. 1830; 
llt«orvntioD* on a lj«ttvr itddrMsul by Leoitard 
HnniDF, «*g., to l1i« Council of ihv Univ. of Lou- 
dou, 183U ; private inronnatiun.] J. 3L R. 

MACCDRTIN, A.NIHIKW (in Irish 
MrioCninin)(rf, 1749), Irish poet, «iis bom at 
.Mfi^fh^lud, in the pnridUof Kitmorry ,o»,Cltin-. 
Elm pamil^had a auiuII eMulu there, and b<^• 
lon^-d toufauumslitKrary rlnnorTlinmond. 
Cvallacb MdcCuriiii, ulliunb [i.e. rhronirlerj 
of Thoni"nd,wbodied ill i;!rH: (jioUndiiibia 
.MaitCtirttn, nllfiinli of Thoinond, and bnrp»r, 
w1iodi<>dinMOI;Si>nnrhEiM«r<l'niiin,ol1nnih 
ofThomond.^i'hodiediri ]4;!4 : nndOeanaun 
SlacCnriin.tht? bi'st stiidcnt of history in bis 
time in the soath of Ireland, who died in 
143(1, were all of iheir fuuiily. Andtvw be* 
came A schoolmaster in ]m nali\-o parish, and 
now and then iiunde joumcvt through tho 
country, re^^lting po*>nie and studying &n- 
timiilies. He wa4 liL-rvilitiiry olbinih to ibo 
tVllrit-n.i, and was n (treat aulboritytin lh« 
pcdi^eea of tbe fatuilii_<s of Jiuuster, many 
iif which he ntorth-il. Kdwiinl (I'Brienof 
EnniBlTojonandSorleyMaclJnuiiRllofKilkt'o 
vrvn his cbiel'patronH. Two of bis poema 
had a wide n-piito in Clare, and nr« still re- 
membered where Irish i» apokeii i berv. One, 
written about 17l'0j is in praise of Sorley 




■ 



p 



IkIncDonn«)l and hUwifv Imbel. It bus In- 
terlutW of iwJtfltinn in nroi^f. and tplls how 
the hard bad left their uoBpitsble Louse in 
diulj^^rtii, how ill h« f&red, and how he lon^rit! 
to rel urn, howra^;od wu Lis con t and m<-'u^re 
his l'iiri>, iind nevertheless bow he haled mere 
weullb, ti>nlhL<d tho English luiiffuufrL', und 
doBpiMKl lUoHt! who thoujfht it fii>hiriiia.HHto 
speak ' th« Snxon jartrim.' TTio other U on 
•odruM U> a fniry chief, Donii nn DuiblK-hc, 
vhofln BPrvicp th« poet wi-ih«>a to pater {I-'^r- 
toa Man. 150, litnl). His miniir poems nre 
' El#Ry on the Uenth of Sir OfmotcU M«c 
Conor <VBrip-n,' written in 1717 {ih. 20(*)j 
another elfffv (lA, IBO); 'Is truach ho'm 
do bliiut n blioill' (' Alas, my limb,lnat thou 
p«rishi?iit tbii» aw3y'> yib. 101); a Jncobitw 
floni; (Ut. 160J; OD tlio Irish language, 'la 
mill* on to&nn an ghftoidliUffe' {A. ISS). 
An elegy on W' illiain Bingliam i» erroneiMwlv 
atlributed to him (i£. IIO). Ho alao, like 
miMt of lh<! Iriah poet* uf hio (lay, act«il m 
a Bcribe, and in 17(>>1 wmte a romplore oopy 
of Dr. Kenting's [^q-T.] 'Tri baorgnoichi? an 
T)liai5"(0'DAl,r,/V/j'/>/.Vw/rit/c/-, p. 3fi. nud 
0'Gk»DT, Vat.of Iri*h M.Sa. in lirit. Muj-.) : 
in 1716 for Tadg, chief of the MBeXamara?!, 
a copy orihe'CathrvtinTLuirdhi-ulbhiiigh <jf 
Seajrhan MacRuftdriMaefrHitliMH.l.lHjin 
the library uf Trinity Collepe, Dublin), and 
in l~"iO of the ' Liftt cif St. ^ivunn of Innia- 
cathnigU' (O'CiKKi, p. 3n9). II* wrotoan 
exifllrnt Iri«h Iiand. and was an accom- 
pli3ht^d Gaelic scholar. He Hit'fl tn 1741#, 
and wiw biiritjd in his family buryintf-ulacc 
in the rhiirclivard of Kilfarboy, m-ar Jlill- 
town Malbay la Clare. 

[E^non U3. 20D. in Brit. Mns.; O'Looney'a 
Hanu ChUinM Domhnaill. ISdS ; 0'(>urry's 
Xfcctures -d tho ITnatucripl MnlRrinU of Iriah 
HiMory. 1973: 0'lX>nonui'd Annaki RigghuehlA 
Einaim, rot, jr. ; R. O'tUilly in Tnuuaetioni of 
thelUroo-CelticSocirly, 1820; Jowwl ofPni- 
owdings of Roval Socof Anlii^oarK-sof iKland, 
1891; S. B. O'Grady'a Cat. of Irish MSS, in 
Brit. Mho. 1892 I N. 3L 

MACCURTIN, nUOH (Ifi80?-176R), 
Iriih antiniian*, was bom in the parish of 
KilmarKwhv, in the barooy of Corcnmro*, 
CO. Clan?, about lti80, and received gvnoral 
education, lu well na special instruction in 
Irish liieniturvt and historr. firoin hia oouata. 
An.in'wMMc€urtin'.i.v.l,whomhe«icc«dod 
as titular olUv or ollamli 't.e. ehroniclefl of 
th»0'Bnettsnf Thomond. lie contioaedlua 
adueation in Fraiw^, wh<Te ho was patronlied 
by l»rd (latv and by lhf> dauphin, in whoM 
household he acted asa tutor f'lrMirvnywan, 
aadrutumml to IreUnd about 17M. In that 
y«arhe wn>tna lament of sewnty-twoverma 
far tlis death of D>iughO'Lo;hleii of Barren, 



CO. Clara, Hud in I71<5 a pnrm baginninf; 
'lomdha eafibiidh air Eirinn.'on tlie death 
of LnwisO'Bri'.'ain France. In 1717 he pub- 
lished 'A britif I>i-4CiAurKi<> in Vindication of 
the Antiquity of Ireiland.' Thi» wofl printed 
fnr th« author at the sign of the I'rialing 
I'rcM in Copper Alley, i>ublin. anil is di-di- 
oated to 'William tKIInea, earl of Inc-hiiiuin. 
Then; wi-ro iaS 8ubscrib«rB, and tho naliva 
iiit<<rt.-«t iu tlie work ia chnwn by tliL> fact 
that of ihiir names aiity have th*; nrclix tV^ 
and ihirLy-foiir tbv pmlix Mac, while many 
of the other iinmra would be morif correctly 
wriliea in the saroG way. Two part* only 
tttJpeantd, a third wm promised, 'with all 
Binccrity Jind fxpedition/ but wn« m-vcr 
printed. Part i. contains the advenltirt'a of 
the (Jadeliniis frr.tn Fcnius Fcarsa to the 
coming of tbu .Milesian» into In-luiid, and tu 
a.D. 431, whiiti Part ii. contains relationa 
of ineiaorablo actionu up tu 1171. * Lt^bbar 
na Gccart,' ' Leabhar (iabhuk,' tlin ' Boi.U of 
LeinEler,' or troiiacnpls of ^^ctions cnntained 
in them, and probnhlv KeatingV 1 lixtorTj'ara 
thu foundations of tfie book, which oonininx, 
II* might l»» esnecled from ita locality and 
dL>dicatiuni>, full nccouiit.<i nf ihe dcts)s of 
Prian UnToimhe. In I7IH MacCurlin wrot« 
a poem on lh>' marriage of Isabel, dau;;lil«r 
of Christopher (VBrien, with Sorlcy >IucI*')ii- 
nrll, which was priratelv printed with other 

E'>t4us ill honour uf the Macdonnt'llfi of Kil- 
M) and Killoite by Brian O'l^vontiy in 1^^433. 
MacCurtin ledlJie wandering life nf an Irish 
po«^t (>f th» tim«, PDlLTtained ut one castle, 
repulsed attlie next, and prodncnl pan<-^ric 
or lampoon acoording to tbe character of his 
ren-ption. ManvofhiBpoamsaroatiU extant 
in manuscript m tliose eoUectiooa which 
were to bo foand in many Iiioh fitrmhottNes 
till the decay of lh« language. Afti-r hia 
cousin Andn'W, his cbi«f litTarv frii-nd wa» 
tkvleamfdAclioolinajter.Tadhgt-VXeachtain, 
and he wroln to htm an I'piiiLlo in vvrM) ou 
thi- death of BdmoudD'Ryme.a prii»it. IIo 
al«) wrotd a noem on a ship beloogiBg to 
O'Logfalen of nunvn, beginning ' Bcannaigb 
an bturc blatbsnuite bealohumiha* ('BleM 
tlie nvlUlcnil, faii^bapiad vessel '). In I7SS 
he ptildi.^liod, by the aid of Father Morphjr 
of the l-'ranci scans, in Louvain, 'The KIw 
meata of the Irish Laagoa^,' dedicated to 
Hi^}ar4eaerwl Uerwibh, govarnor of Oour- 
tny. The fourteen ehanlers of tbe grammar 
are fotlowiNl by a rvpnnt of Bonaventura 
O'lluAMr'a oattKhUni in proae and x*nv. Ilr 
eomponed an EagUsb-lnali diciinnary witi 
OoDor OlbiglT, and it waspublixhedin Pari 
in 4to in 17^'. with au inircxlnctonr poei 
in Irish by MacCuHin. The diciiooary isi 
Twyintatimin^o— ,eoataininga laage 



\ 



\ 



Macdiarmid 



83 



M'Diarmid 




of pbiises UluElntuig the use oC words. 
Thus uaAcr 'About,' in Irub 'Itmchi^ll/ 
fortj-flve ptinues uv ^rcn, as ' about uood,' 
' 1 jeorwi biro about liU hat,' ' there a such a 
,deTiUfllt WBT about liim,' 'I haru du uiancy 
)ut mp,' Miowiiig MTt-ry noMiblo ma of tlu; 
n|iiiTalf>ntfl of the Kiij^lish word, and 
nlaJly ffiviog many idioms. la other 
iSlveliaos thedictioiuuy i-i inrompVto. Thus 
daffi>dit ia rendered ' sort plauda,' a kind of 
plant. But it u a valuable record of the 
Tcznacular of iu day. A ttumtnary of the 
gnumokt ia priu1«d at the end. In 17J9 he 
wrote a diiffo for bis teacher and cousin, 
AjmIrw JUacL'urliD, aud in 1750 a poBin on 
npatarta, begtonitig ' Ar aoaacli ma theid ain 
■r tuir do lo* (.^r<on Jtf& IdO in Brit. M us.) 
H« aim wrotf. an anawr^r to Tadhi; O'NeacI^* 
tain (A. 104). In hia Inter years be kept a 
adtool in the townlnnd of Knock in- an-«aird, 
ia luB RAttTc Mri.^h. and there died in 17SJ>. 
He waa buried iu ihe ohurchyctrd of Kilma- 
wneby, Tho ruins of his house and school- 
room -Ktn alandiug iu ISCS. 

[B. O'Lumnt'* Dnota Clilninno Doinhniull, 
ISM; J. 0'Daly*«Po««amI Pcwtry of WuiULti-p; 
E. O'EUilly in Tranoactiotuof tholbvmo-Celtii! 
Sot DubliD. )S?t); fLgerloD il.SS, 160 .^ud 191, 
in Bnu Uua.) N. M. 

MACDIARMID, JOHN (1770-If?OS>, 

JDWnalisl and authw, was bom in 1779 at 

W«Bi, IVnhpIiirc, whcPO his father, Jame^ 

Mardiannid (1743-lS:^{i>, wajtparish minis.- 

Ic-r. 1 lif mother woa Catherine, only child 

' of John Buik, minister of Tanuudin-, For* 

I DtrshirF. A brutlier, Jaine«, wiu iin nfnoT 

I m this arrnr (Qb« Scott, Fasti EccL Scot, 

LpL jv. p. 817). A(l«r rvonviaff ol^mentuir 

■^Bucation at notne, he studied at Edinburgh 

HKid !>t. Andrews Universities, aud for a 

^^mnn tioii* was a prirat« tutor. In 1801 lie 

Be:iled iu Londonas a nan ofU-tiers. There 

I be wroi« for rarious periodicals, and edited 

I the ' St. JaDM'e Chrunicle.' AVhen war 

I wilb France brokf out in 1S02 he )(|M!t:tjUIy 

iludi(>d the subject of national defence, and 

in l^W>puljli«h«Ml,ia two Tolumcrf. ' An En- 

quirr into tb« Sratno of National IWence 

IB Gtwil Britain, depTwAting the eul#lita- 

tim '>f vnluntecTV for a slronf; standiiif; amir. 

In ISOlIannearNiiht^'Knquiry inrothc Prin- 

ci]>W of Civil und Militjirv Huhnniinaiinn,' 

■ItdfuHy tr«»tcd,and in iT^tra friend heljied 

bim U' iuue, in a buidsomo quarto, his um.^ 

iWI 'Lives of Brilidi Statesmeu,' ntpmited 

"^^. ■_' vol^.. and 1838, 1 vol. 

ordiarmid, who waMnlwnr)! in poverty, 
iod in London of pamlyais, 7' April 160S. 

[Obamberft'a Emiavot Scotamen ; D'lsraali'i 
of Anthon.] T. B. 




M'DIAKaOD.JOliN (1790-111(52), Scot- 
tish joiinmliM, bom in 17(10 at Glasgow, was 
son of the niiniater ot the Ga«lic Church 
rliore. .Vflersomeeducation, mftinly in I'ldin- 
bur^h, hi- Weame, at an early offs, owing to 
hifi t'ulber'n dcnili, a clerk in an Udinburvh 
count ing-houte.wbflnce he poned Into the 
heiul oliicu of Ihe liomDiercinl Bank, Mdiii- 
hurph, reroaininfT there till 1SI7. Iln do- 
vvUid his leisure to study, atlimditi); wveral 
cloMes in thi* university, and for two ^eara 
occupying bis eveniuKs as amanuensis 1o 
I*^of*^so^ I*layfair, who Rave biru nec^ss to 
bis claK>Od and hi^ lihrory. He waa a dt»- 
tineitisbed member of a college debatins 
societv, and of the Edinburgh Forom, a cluB 
that IieliKHj to train many u^od s))i'iiker», 
and ho wrote Kitne clever ver*os. He Ibnned 
IVieiidtihipa with Scutt. WiUon, llo^g. luid 
Jeflrey — for whom hi> i.* said to liavt- done 
some wort in the ' Edinburgh Iluviow,' On 
2.*iJ«n. Ifiltheioinpr] Chnrl«-« Miielari'n^q.V.] 
and Wiltiaoi Kitrhie in preparing the timt 
number of the'Scot»m»n'iiewspa|ier, and in 
the same month ho nijnnved to iJtimfrit'Ji to 
become editor of ihu ' Dumfries and (Jallo- 
way Cnurit-r.* 

iil'Diarmid madw himself familiar with the 
distriet in whieb bis paper ciirutoted, and 
bL-caine au authority ou 8Krii:tdt urff, besides 
writitifT fur hii colummi d^vcriptive sketchea 
of his joumerH. In 1^20 be declined the 
editorxliip of the ' Csk-doniun Mercury' in 
Fdinburfrb, neeiving at tbo same time an 
interest in the property of the ' Courier,* of 
whirl) h.- became owner in 1 837. An advo- 
cate of liheinl measaros, he specially iu- 
tensted himself in the poor. When in 
SepttunbcT IK'iJ Dumfrii-tt siitVured benvily 
from cholera, M'l>iurinid's appeal for a relief 
fund bNuirht in 2,'MOt., whiek he skilfully 
di>itnbutrd. He wjic the trusli'd udviaerof 
Buma's widow in her latter day«. He died 
of rry>ipelitsnt Hum fries. It* Nov. lBi'»2'. Ilia 
wife, Anne M'Kni;rhtof I)iimfriea, whom be 
married in im9. predeceased him in IS&O. 

In 1817 M'Diarmid published Cowpex^a 
'Poems,' with a Life, which went throug'li 
several editions. In lt*2£J appeared tlief 
volume of his ' Scni]) Book, coiuiistiiig 
fclirclions and ori(j:iual contributions. 
SKond eeries speedily followed, and both 
have btt-n frecjufiitly reprinted. Iii lt^2^ be 
pullishid the 'Viriirof Wakefield,' with 
memoir of Guldemith. In \>^'2o he tttartvd 
tbi) ' DuinfritTM Mt^ptzinc,' which rxtntitl three 

S>&n. In 1830 be reprinted 'Skt'iebtM from 
at 11 m' from the ' Courier,' nnd in \XiiI he 
rontributed lo an ' niu#rrati-d Picture of 
Dumfries ' an account of tlie town and di»- 
trict. lie also wrote a description of Moffiiti 



Macdonald 



34 



Macdonald 



«nd nHf^of Williitm Nicholson C1782-184H) 
[q. T.] the Gallfvwfty pnel. 

[DumfricB andUalloiraj OoariOT. 30 Nov. ftud 
7 Due. ISiV.!; Chambera's Eminent Scolsmrit ; 
Irring'a Diet, of KaiinoDt ScotsmnD.] T. 11. 

MACDONALD, ALEXAXDKK, third 

LiiKD OK TJii: Isi-Ks and leiilli Eaul op Ittiss 
(il. 1449"), WHS [hu E>l<]o!<t K>n of DoiiiUd Mnc- 
(KiiiiiUlfHti'oiid liirdyrtliHlnleitq. V.J, liy Mary 
Lealic.flimizhKTnfthRromitfMQf Rosa. The 
Earl orBuc-b»ii,tw whom hiafalhur llii'n.'K'^nl 
Albanv lind in 141^ prarif.-d rhn p.»r!f!nm of 
Riiss, tlii-J in 1421 nl. the hattlfl of VernEmil. 
ThereuiJon t!ie earldom of Itowiwn* re»ti>ri?i! 
by .Ttimt'w I To t!i.^ mmlior of AluxiindiTof iIk} 
Isles, -who ai»umed the aulhoi'ity of llieeiirl- 
Aam, witti the stylo of master of t.lio earldom 
of Itos*. 

In 14io Alesanderof thfi Lilesaal as one of 
tliL'jury wlio L'uDdumned Murduc or Murdocli, 
iliiki- of AUmiiy. Not iong (ifl.rrwnrd* lie was 
enpnei'dinnilwllimiaprowedingsinthcnort!!, 
iLiid ii« wsit Miinmotied to attend n fmrlin- 
oieiu lit THvtirncas in 142", whr-n lii^ and 
otlier chicl's wire al once soiiod niid confined 
in SfipaniK? prisons. Tho Couhcom of Rom whs 
also lippri-ln-ndod htiJ iui^risoiied (IIuwku, 
Continuation of Foitutis m Ueame's i?d. iv. 
V2><'i -1 ). A lariiv iiuiabcr of I Lis chi'.'fs won; 
esct-ultfd, but A)ux)imlt>r of I he tsle», on 
promisu of cuastant loyalty in future, was 
wbi'ijl I429?*t-t al. Ilbrtv- Immi'dialolv'if'*"'" 
vardw he assiimpd thn title of Earl of Ro.'w, 
not|'M lia» bfi-n supposed, on the denth of liis 
mofli*>r, for she wa.** nliv<> «i=iI(LT,ea*143.'i(Kr- 
efie^iw lialU of ^vtland, 1 lOUatf. p. oa^), 
bnttn(.T(.i!vfiaanft*«K;ri.ionofirKifjk;ndt'nC(.'.i\nd 
to eiiabli; tilm to atwrt liid iiiitborilv over the 
earldom. Ilaviug collectt-d tliu full Kglitins' 
EtrL-ngth of Koiw and tbu IeIus, Iii', ut ikij littiid 
of lull thounaiid men, ivriJitml I hi* cnuvii landii 
round Invcmipas, and rafled the royal liurprh 
to lliuurourul (KoKHi.rs, vJ. Hi.'nme, iv. ]:jKi»). 
AVifli gTfat rapidity .Tames poIIptIM a liii>je 
forcer nnd overtook bJm in Lochaber, (.hi the 
njiprnftoh of till', myftl army tlicClan riiiitinn 
and Cliin dLim^riin dt'M^rtcd l\i<'\t U-adcr, and 
tbe bijihland wamorji, limn weitkened and 
dir^bfuriini'il, jind crumpod in their tnove- 
nin'nfH l'\ ih'- riinnihy nuluru of thu jTrnimd, 
auffcrL-d on L'ti .hin<* M'-IM n.n orerwhelminp 
dvfval (if),) The pursuit wus followed np 
BO hotly itiat Ali'Xfuid-T sent an i^mbni-sy 
to ircal for a iwace, but the king, diadauiing 
to dMil irilb a Hubioct on li.-rniD of eqtiHtitv, 
refused to enter uito nt'^ntiutioiiR, and fr- 
tunnni to Hdiubureh, leariit); directionn th«t 
evnrv efTon ehnnln bo made for his captuiv. 
Finding his position desperate, Alesander 
journwyed accrotly to Edinburgh, and on tbe 



evBof ihn ftwlivwl of St. Atgj:u8line presented 
UimHelf, in .suppliant nnitudi; ana clothod 
only in his shirt and drawers, before the kin^. 
queen, and court in front of the hig-h altu- 
of the church of llolyrood, and in lokvti of 
KubmiAsion dr^lirered up hio awot<1. Tb« king 
snared hia life, but Hunt bim u priaunor to 
Tantalloii, uuder the ch«.r||{* of \\ illiani, «»rl 
of Anji;iiM, while ht^ mother was aUo iinpri- 
aonnd in thn iHland of IrK-hcolm ( I'A, p. 1'2H6), 
ThBimririsonmentof tbeirrhief wasdwply 
rn»i^nti'd by the clnn, uod a cousin, lionalil 
Unllnrb, resolvrtd on revenff. CViIWlinp a 
larje force of isleamen. he Biuled to Lorhab^r, 
whirh he nivnitnd with (ire and sword, A 
powf.rful fiirre, gathered to oppo^p him undi>r 
the Earls of Mar and Caithness, and wa.* com- 
pU^tcly roulpd at Inverlochy. tho Earl of 
Caithness bvint; »Iain, and Mar baa-ly mak'mK 
Lis cflcapo with the remnauU of the royiU 
nriuy, I)oub1<1 tbi-u continued the work of 

tilunderiny: imd ravaffin^riindofti-rnmaMiinsa 
argti booty retreated to the Isles, whence ho 
pHsssd oviir into Iridand {if>. n. 13H9). Tlw 
King soon aft<irwanl* undertoolt an expedition 
K^m»t the Isles, but wiu> tnet at Tlunstalfuoffe 
hy thechieffl,whoKiivt' in tlioirsubmisAion (£6.) 
yo satisfied was the king willi their excuHS 
that hfl not only refrained from punisbiu^ 
iheirinsurreclion, bul shurtlyafliTwimls con- 
ferred on Alexiinder a free ptirdon for all hi* 
crlniL'^, and Hot himund his brother lit liberty. 

Diiririff thn rf maindi-r of th«j rripn of 
Jnmea T, Alexand^-r of the Isles pive him 
loyal f>l«>dit'nCT. In 14.*iJ?, after the death of 
Jnmf^a I, hn was appointpd jnatii'inr of iS'v.r- 
land north of the Forth, and took advantage 
of the prern^tivi»s of hi* nlfice to roVCTiffo 
himself on the chief of the OEao Cameron for 
hi« dederlion by depriving! him of his lands, 
and coaipvlliuL' him tosa'k refui^v in Irtiland. 
With the Kansof Douglas nnil CriLwford he 
bUo in 144S entered into u I rea»onnbIt< leii^e 
Hgaiiut the infant iirinoe, ,lnn)ttii II. llo 
died at his wistle of Dimprall, and nrcnrding 
to the ' ISrevw C'hr<M«icle of the Carles of 
IIom' wa.-* interrnd in the chanonry of Itoss 
on H May 1419. 

Vy hit wife Elitnhnlh, dftught#r of AIsx- 
ander Soton, lord of (ionlon and Miintly. he 
had a son John [q.'V.} who succeeded bim. 
TI>? bnd iilso two other cons, Colciilini!. :^ty1od 
also Archibald, and it* tHelic cqiiivalont 
OilK-^pio, lord of Lochiilsh and Lochearae; 
and Hugh (Uavltc, lluittrnn), alsu viillod 
Austin, and Augustine, Innl of HIeat. Tbeaa 
two sons am ui^uully HUppofod to have beea 
I'-bildri'ii of bis lawful wifn, but as t-ntriAS 
in the Kxpheijuer Holls clfnrly slinw tliat 
■Fobn was younger tlinn they, the presnmp- 
tion is that they wore sons merely by cml- 



J 



Macdonald 



»s 



Macdonald 



eublTUfe. Of S6T^nil dniishteni, Mnrrarpt. 
nistried John, twelftb earl of SuthorTniid, 
And Florrnc)^ I>ancftit AUcluotOftb, oioth of 

IBower'a OodUtraatioo of Vordna ; EsclieqiMr 
Bank of Scotland; Gneory'aHiat. of thoWMUm 
Hij^ihad»;MtkBna«^HMLoftheM«cdaiu>ldB-l 

T. P. H. 

MACDONALD or MACBONNELL, 

Al.KXANDi:!! or ALASTKK iJ. 1(U7), 
generaJ, was a jounger son of Coll Keitncbe 
<a name abbreviated into Colkttto ia tbe low- 
landu, Mnil *r>iiM'tiini-it iiirnrrvolly niipl!ftl to 
libsoii.Vla^tt^rt. Coll Koiiache i.i Hiiu In have 
marri^I anO'Calmn. while tradition givea her 
t^ name of Mnftii'ill. Hf^ may have been 
nurried tn-ice. but if !to there u nothine to 
Aow which of thv two virt* wa« Alast^rV 
notbtr. Tlie tuliyct bad lonjir itruggU'd 
■aniitrt AtstU and tbe Campb^Ua in the 
Wattcm Uws,aDd was at la«t driTiii out iu 
1689. He niigniU-<l lo tbe coant of Antrim, 
whereotber brancbes of the Macdonolds bad 
loocbnuiwrtlUil, and whrrotliry wi'n-gi^n«T- 
nify fcaowD B.s Macdonnellfl^a variant used 
hy ertme braticbei of tbe clan ramaining in 
Scotland. Cot) Keitocbe wa« accompanied 
or followed by bia sou Atas^ter, n youtb of 
gifpuitie frame and stmigtb (IIill, Mac- 
iaiimwllr of Antrim, |<p. 55-tVJ). 

Tks Mnodoniicllis tvilh tli«ir hesd, tbe Karl 
(aAanrardsMarauixJof Antrim, weni Roman 
calbolics, and wIwq Ibv UlxtiT iiioumdiun 
brolte out in ItMl, Ala&ter, wbo Iiad hefnrn 
00iU«at«d to «er%-G in a repimt'iit unlisted for 
Ibe bing hv ArvbiliAliI Stti^wart, thran' up 
his pottt and look tbe iiide of tbe insur^nle, 
canytng' wilb liini two companit.-^. With 
ibM^tOnSJcn. IfM'i.bf rouivd Stewart'ttxtx 
ooaponiea near Kilrta in co. liondondenr, 
mrpriasff ifatrm in ihu nrly tDDmine. llu 
waa aoon jginrd by litrsv nuniben of Iri^b, 
rmiiing Stewart u Af^imd timf on II Feb. at 
tbe Laiu-y, n«iar BallTtnoaey iit ri>. Aiitnna, 
and a third time on 8 April at llendooragb, 
near the same place. 

Til'- arrival of a Scottish army nndi.'^ Ro- 
bert Monro nado r^inance in Antrim for 
ibe preeent iropoMible, and Ala*ter re- 
tnat^fl into the county of I^ndondfrry. 
J9UH>d I'huiim U'Nvill, and tthiirx-il in hi* du- 
feat fey Sir William Stewan on Iti June at 
Olramayavt naar Kapboe (tti. pp. 02-7ti>, 

Alaaler apMara to have be-i^) uonuded in 
tblafi(rhl,anadm«not come agnin into notice 
till 1644. when Antrim xmt fitting^ oat an 
expedition wiih th<'. help of thi^ ronfiHli>rate 
catbolim to recover the lands of the Mac- 
^ donalda from tbe Camnbelts, and to bold out 

I 



rOise in Sentlnnd. AIiuTer wan placed in 
commancl of tht- expedition, wliieb eniled on 
i^r June from Pava^, nwir WoWrford, in 
three ships and a pinnace, and oonabteu of 
«ixtiN*n hundri-d moo levied from Antrim's 
tenants, most of tbem, if not alt, bi'Inj^ SeotO* 
Irish 1 16. pp. 76~*0>. After live dayt. he an- 
chored in lilt) Sound of Ula, and, landtni; in 
Ardnamiirclian on 8 July, wa«lt^l ihi^ land 
with firo and Eword, seizing on the castles of 
Mini:!in,'a«dL')ch AIviietOKTun.'Vii«r«'trfnt. 
Finding that the IktardnnnUls in Scotland 
wer« too much under the fear of the Camp- 
Wll* to ji)in him, be n.'»iilv«."d to r>tiirn, but 
found that iheCnmphf'lIithad hiim(Htor^izfd 
his Teasels. He then marched ot)' hoping; to 
re-aeh the tvrritorj- of Iluntly. ib'i h<-tt- 
ditary enemy of the Cumj^liuIU. lie waa 
refrni^Jed wifn suspicion by the clan*. St'a- 
forlh, the head of thv Mackeiizi^v, bumd tb« 
way against him. KepuUed everywhere ha 
r('uub<.-d Bttd'.'uodi, where be received a sum- 
mons from McintntM to nmit Lira nC Ittiur> 
gDwrio. But for Montrou'a nrompi arrival 
on ihti wrt-ne he would have been nttneked, 
and perhapn cruithod, by thfi 8tuarta and 
Rohertwons. Highland c!an« would wn© 
under MuntroAP, they n^aentt'd ihci intrusion 
of ft Macdonald, wbo wat but one of them- 
mI vos. 

AlnstcKs 8cato-IrifIi wiTre inraluablo to 
.M<iiitro.4i<. Tb«v formed a jttvudy nucleus 
round which t!ie shifting highlnnd leviea 
might rally and w«ar themH>lve>' capable of 
martial disciipline. They took pnrt in tho 
clittw- which IS etyled tbe battle of Tipper- 
muir, and contributed much to tb*- victory at 
Abtirdeen. Tbt-n Alasterwa9t«ntofl'loBecure 
bi^two costJes in tba west, and to gather rft- 
cniit* among tbo Macdonnldx in thom ptrTs. 
Ha brought with him five hundred men 
to luliL' itan in the ravagee of Arfrv'll and 
the batlff <if Inverlochv. fimghl on 2 l-Vb. 
H(45. TheMacdiinaldcl^ans formed thebulk 
of the liighlnnd k-vivs which fought under 
Montrnsp. Among thpm Alaater's pert'icM 
as a recruiting sergeant were invaluable. At 
Aiildoam.on 9 May Ittl't, he comtnanded 
MontrowV right wing, where he showed him- 
self a good soldier, somewhat of the llrimerio 
kind, dashing out from tbo mnki>, slicing oft 
tbe heads of pike^.andslaHhiiigat thwrn-my 
with his broadsword (Wisiurt, chap, x.) 
lie wos pn.'seut at tbo capture of l>undee and 
lht'-iubsenucntmaiit«rlyr<'tFeat,l)iitwii'<iiway 
oil B recruiting expedition when the bflitle of 
Alfiird wax fought on 2 .Iiily, though he r^ 
lumwl pnon af^erwartl'*, bringing with him 
fourteen hundred bighlanders. He lent him- 
Ridr with difficulty to Montrose's tactical 
cambinatioas, and at Kilsyth on 15 Aug. b« 



■ 



prc-ciiiitaVil tite haltl<> by nn nphi]! charge, 
witliout orders irom the ^uerul, n charge, 
however, M-hich contributvcl ^Jitly to the 
"rictory whJcli followed. 

After tbo battle Alaator entered Glasgow 
viil\t MoQtnifeOf nnd vrtm eotit furwtirtl uito 
Avrnbiri?, wiii*rti he [jhiiuierwii iiiul bivitfd 
cnntributiona (Letter of NeiU Montgiimery, 
15 .Sept., ill iiiLi., Ma<'d(tnnrilx nf Antrim). 
II* wn3 kniclitev! by ^[ollt^o«l! nn 3 Sept., 
but hi; ebortty afterwards forsook him, leav- 
ing, bcuvevL'r, bL-limd bim Mven hundred of 
Itiu men, wlio slitiittrl MoHtrme's forliuieti at 
rbilijibftuRh. Tbew is not sufBcient evi- 
denL'c ro caMflo u« to trnco tho motirc* of 
AluMter's wilbJmwjiI. He m«y linve ia- 
tendi'd lo TDtura us be Imd rplurned before, 
and hi!) luitvii;^ sewn huutiri-d U'bind, a 
niiinlmr wbicb mtist, bave bt^i-ii ihe witire 
remuEus of tbi* force wbicb hes brouiibt with 
biin intra In-lnml, Inukitns if il wim .lo, lliit 
]!llQedi)nald allien won) aii.^ioii^ In n^iurii to 
re»i?t tbd b«rbariti&* of thp 0;ini]tlw!ls, and 
Ala^UT nmy very well biivn idmrod tbeir 
ieelinss. iiy was imver a royalist in iby 
SDHiSe in wliich Montroso was a royallfit. TIo 
fuucbt i\)t hie riLCe and rvligion, not fur any 
spL-rifll form of ^vemmenl. 

At till evi'Ut», .iVliLstLT liuld out in tUc 
■Wiwlifni liLffli lauds. In thi' .luiiimi^r of l(i4G 
be was joined by Antrim, and rvf uwd to di»- 
biiiiil ttl tbt* bidding iif tlif kinj.', wbo witi* 
by ihnr timfl in tbe Iinnds of tin* Scots. Ho 
reumiued in anns ufiLT Montrose left Scot- 
Iftmi. Hi- wn* nnabloto lioMont vory lonf^. 
Ill .May lyir be was attacked in Kintyre by 
tb(.' oonibined forces of Arjrrll nnd Ilnvid 
l«Blio(Tm;jaoB, i.89: Sir James Trn.vEit. 
JUemoirit, pp. 4o, 47 : Montreud to Moziiriu, 
Juno 8-18, Archirvi ilea Affaires i^tranifhrrt 
at I'jirij", vol. Ivi. fol. Ho, 10.1). Tbit t;ri'iit.T 
part of bia followers were butehered by the 
vicf.iirioufi coTenitntcru, but be binieclf, wilb 
a fpw companions, ^neaped to lalay, and be- 
fore long (o Ireland. 

Onf- in Ireland .Muaterbroujfht hi« sword, 
Rud tlie rtwords t-f men whom be had probably 
recruited among bis kinamen in Antrim, to 
the iwr^-icL' of the confedernle (»tliuliL'9. lie 
Tra« jtrufeeut on 8 Aug. ul tho buttlo of Duu- 
ttan Hill, where ihn eonfedemtes were de- 
uatijd by Michael Jones and four hundred of 
A In.-! Iter's mi'n ulnin (^' Etobttioti of lb« Hsll \\'. 
of Trim' in Rim'ccini, A'wjuw/um. p. 243). 
Aft'T tlu» h» joined Lnrd Taatfe, Ibe com- 
nander of the forrw of tho confcdt'ratt.'» in 
Munater; and at Knoelcnanusa,betw«enMal- 
low nnd Eantiirle,wbt-rt'TaadowafldcfL>atcd 
by locbiquin on I'i iNov. IC>47, bu was kilk-d 
1^ an offieeroflncbiquin's while he was either 
BcigDtiaLiug ifn \ furrcadvr {ib. p. 2G8) or, ac- 



cording to other accounts, ttfter he bad been 
admittiMl to quarter (' Apborisinical Dia- 
covwrv ' in ClLnEBr, Cow/. Ilixl. of Affair* in 
Ireland,}. I7!i ; Hiat.of tkt War in Ireland, 
by K IJritish Oflicer, p. 73). 

[))c«iii(« tbo nnthoritin quoted «bi>r«. m» 
Winliurt'" Rn (''CMtJP ]M«n?hioni» Montisrt^ 
nrum. vol. i.; Napier's Momnirs of Moairaae^ 
Vol. ii., Mv\ Unrdi Iter's (ircat CiniWar Intnt ot 
his cknutir incidcutdlly.] 8. R, 0. 

MACDONALD, ALEXANDER, or 
M.\i-1AK uF Ulbxchh ((/. \m2), was the 
ehiel' of a sept of ibe Macdonalds inhabit ing 
Gkncoo, a desolate rnlkr on the borders of 
Arcyll and Invmiiuss. V\vf bmnder of the 
clan was John, Eurnamed Fraocb, natural 
souof Au^uaOgof l&la, imd brotbL-ruf John 
Macdonald, lirst lord of tlie l.iUw [i|. v.j liia 
mother was a daughter of Dou^ Macllenry, 
then till* lending infln in (ilenrrfie, whi-r« 
I'rAocb sDttled asu voAnid of the Ixtrd of the 
Inles. Tliiji brunch of I be .Macdonnid* wa» also 
known as thi3 Clan Ian A brack, probably from 
the fact that one of their chiefs was f'.«tered 
in I,ocbaher ((.iiiBnoRT, Weattm Highland*, 
p. 07], Macdonald of (jlencoe was one of 
the chiefs who joinetl Gra bam of ClaTorbCMlM 
at Locbober in 1(J81I, and ai>o took part ia 
the hsinc in the nnrttiirn Iiljihlands under 
General Buchan. Ilo is represented in the 
' Qnuneid* as ' tinriblit in unwimlKd ariDX, 
coA-ered as to hie breast with row bide, and 
toworinR far above bi)i whnlo line by bvad 
and ahnuldi^rs' (p. \2\). Th» author of the 
'Life of EwaiL G'limeron' describes bitn as 
' a person of great integrity, honour, f^od 
nature, and coura^,' and as *Mron^, active. 
and of the bif^'^^ejit size, much loved bv bia 
ncii^hbourH, and bliimvluss in hia conduct' 
{p. :i:^1 ); but iheeulo)^ muMt beinterjireted 
aeirnrding' to higblanil notions of honour. 
The clnn wvro probHblv (be ma»t invrternta 
rohlwri in the nighlands; but as those they 
spoiled were for the most purl either CBni|>- 
belU or Irtwlandcri, tbcir thieving exploira 
rather eli'vated than luwen.'d tUcm in the 
esteem of the othrr hit^bland clanit. Tbey 
had, howmer, nucL-jwarily imriipd the epociol 
vcjniity of the Marquia of Ureadolbane, who, 
when the government bei^on negotiations fbr 
aKcttl<.-ment witb iboclans that had been in 
rebi-Uion, piM- .MHeliiii to tiuderstnnd that be 
e.tpeeted repurntiun for their lonfT-euntinuvd 
depn-djilionK. ,\» MarTiui wnnbl lhu»at lea&t 
bo deprived of any share in the money distri- 
butifd to win over the chiefs, he bad no in- 
lY,TWt in tbi' sufcCM of th« n?^t)ation.i, and 
be used every eft'ort to thwart them. It waa 
not till ho leaned that every other chief 
hut hituKlf had succumbi^ to bribes ox 



Macdonald 



»7 



Macdonald 



thrcftU tlut bu ber&me ennrinred of tbo 
ntcwwity of taking the |ire«cn lu'd onth and 
thusnTing his cUn. <>n HI l>.-o. I(>~fll, the 
dijr bcfon (bu period of mdeniuity expired, 
h«pnHi>ntcd himHrlf for rhi^ punioae at Foit 
\S*iiliuB, but ibuod DO civil ni&);i«iraio there 
to take Ilia onth. This neglect wajt pn^blr, 
Vith tnm « moral und legul puini of rioir, 
tutScwal to fn-e htu from r««poiuJhiIitT. but 
DO tbe advice of tho ememar, Colonol Ilill 
[q. v.], b(^ b«iit«ntKl (o Iuvi.>rary alaao on fnot 
tnrou^h the mniintain paues, then covered 
with EDow, and iiltimatelrt ^y ^'fi vtgent 
nqunt, iodocnd Sir Colin Cnmpb*-!! of Anl- 
kinfflsaa, sheriff nf Ar^'llsbin-, to ndministf r 
tobun theoothon 4t Jan. lt!9'J. The (teclara- 
eion 'W1U sent to t'olin Cnmphcl] , s^liori tf clerk 
of Argyll, who w(i« thrti at KJiiibur^h, wiih 
Ukstmcrioiu to lay it bofotv the pcivT <rouD- 
Cil,butSu-OilbcrtElliut,eIi'rkoftIiuc<niiicil. 
lefiued to receive it, and ntlier mi>mlN.T« of 
Clw cDUDcil whom hu consulted were of 
opinion that it couM nnt berewwivird without 
ft warrant of tbn kins. The matter, however, 
wasnot brought brforethe nmncil, nor was 
Uaclui infonaed that Iua declaration liftd 
not Wen rw^eived. It was sreiierally known 
thftt he had subscribed tho oath, but no 
ionnal notice wa» given to the govvnimvnl. 
The govcroment had taken for f(ruitt>d 
. aooHi ebi^ffs would nfuM the oMh, and 
a contiugencj- waa feganled m ratb«r 
than nnt. Eup«ciall; in the rase of 
tb* UBcdonatd* of (ilpitcoo. Socnrtary I^iiU 
fjnplA wrote to Sir TliomaA Lii'tngiitone ; 
' A/frll t«Ik me that GlcDcohatU not token 
thr nalh, at which I rcjoico' {Pnprrn relating 
t9 the Hti/hlaniU of HcotUnid, u. ^2). In- 
straclwini Aiftued on IH June \*ATi directfd 
tlttt 'if .M'Kcan of (ilcncoo and that tribu 
can ba w«ll •epomled frmn that n^t, it will 
be a proper Tindication of public ju«iice to 
«xtiT]>alothatM<ct|m>pt'|ofthii.'rm'(fi&.p.05); 
and tbe instnin ionit wrn^ iiiijipl<>m<>nt<'<l by 
a Urtlwr of IWrympK* entrealinjj that for ' a 
jnat fxampli' of Yi.-nge*n«>i' tb<-y should 'bo 
rooted out in earnest' (ib. p. Otj). To clfoct 
tbiflpiirpnMi'fttmtA^mwaancccssari-. ll was 
del«Tmin>!4] toqiuirt'Ton theclnn l:?Ompn of 
Ar^ ir* re^ioK^Di uud^rCaptikinCnnipbi.'II of 
Olnl^n. Tho cjiptain declared to Maclnn 
tlat httialMitioEU wvrueutirv-lyrricntlly.niid 
Jfaelaa nnttupectinglv n-^ived hia ^ut-Hlm 
—'-' aaf^dain^boHHtaliiv. Compbt-II n.*- 
imI in ffleoooc for a ^f1iii),'lit, mnliin^ 
thnrou^ master of nil tho jm^cu- 
liaiities of Wt #itnatioD, and wndiiig inrnr- 
maliom to hia supcnnr, I.ir»t<-nani-ci>lonf-I 
HaaiDlon, in rtyard to x\iv Ix^t mtltiod of 
■aaacnn^ hia bo^ts. Ifanultoo committ»l 
Ifca daiy of gruarditig tb» pMWt to Major 



DuneaiiKUi, and that nlRcer, on Hamilton's 
iuKlniction, tran£niitti.>d tlie lulloffinK orders 
tn CftmfiU>ll : ' Vou arv hi.>r»'b)f ordered to 
fall upon ye M'UoDalds of Ulencoe aud ptitt 
all to yv ifword under aeronty. Vou are to 
have a sp^-cial care that the old fox and bJB 
•on do on no account eacape 50' banda ; this 
yoware to put in emcation at & o'clock pro- 
ciaely' (Maior DuncanwonV (>rd«ra lo Itcoert 
; Cain'pbt-ll, l2F<'b. Itilr2. ia.p.73). TbAmorn* 
, iu^^cif l:i Vvh. wiistbi> time fixed for the mas- 
sacn?. IloUieroua weatbt^r pr^vimtcd M^or 
Dunranson from arriving in tune to Ret a 
gu.inl (in l-lit! pasBM, but Campbell's orders 
wereimperotivft. Tlie doomed clan had no 
opportunity of fifiht ing, and tbeasiasitiiu sue- 
p«->i)od in mnssaci^ng' ontTtgbt thirty-eight, 
while many wnroen, old man, and cbildreu 
perished in llip siioiv during tht-ir flight to 
tho htlU. Haclan liimsclf was gbut throodi 
the head wbili^ riaiiig to give din-cli<ina lor 
tho reoL'plion of bis unexpected gupst^, and 
hix wlfii di*«l m-xt dny from the cnieltira re- 
ceived from the eoldiety. Rut a consider* 
able number of the clan, including the two 
aonsof Mactan, succeeded in r«caping. Gra- 
dually details of the manacre became knowo, 
Rnd«isPiilrympkLMeDAl.BTSirLE,Joiix,lirat 
K\RL or StAiKj bad many euvmica among tb« 
nanorerisns.no lean than among the Jacob- 
lies, thegDvemment found itnecesaarytooott- 
sent to a parliament arr ioquiTy. The report 
of the commission, subsrntwd 20 Junf> 1 ft9A, 
Bllirint*d that tbe exeoution was •coiitraryto 
the lawesof hnmanttrand lnwpitjiiity;' but 
the ' excess of zeal,' 01 which Dulrvmple was 
declared guilty, was afterwnrds ' r^utitledto 
bim,*and nont-of thL*priii<:i)tiilur)iubordinnlo 
indents of the maaaocre were bruugbt tu ju^ 
ticc. 

[Ucmoin of Kimn Camfrcn [AbbotsJbrd 
Club): Philip* Oramdd (S^■ottil>h UisL Soc); 
MikckeaEie'fl Hist, of the M4cdonsldti; GrveorT's 
Wt^otoni H-ghlanda; I^ip«mr«lntinglothelIigb* 
Iitnds of Scoiland (Maicland Club): OallitDU 
RcdiviroB. 1(;U3; Mawai-roof nirn<«e.&c.,I7a3f 
rtrprinted in Soinon Tmcl», xi. fi'29--t7 ; lm« 
partial Account. &c. 16. pp. ftlT-fll ; Maoaulay'a 
Uist. of England ; SurUin'i Uiit. of Seaihmd.1 

T. F. H. 

MACDONALD, ALEXAXDER or 

AMC-^TAIlt op Ulexoaeki {dA'U). (Sea 

MAClKjXl:Lt.J 

MACDONALD, ALKXANOKR, At.4V 

DAiH .MAC.MiiAtuiin-riK Alasuaiu (1700Pi 
17K)?), lini'lir iM>it , Iwrn at DnIileaon l..ocb 
Shii'l. Arg^il.-tliirc.il 14 «uppo:tcd in 1700, was 
second sun of Alexander MacUonald, M.A. 
('MaigbHl^-urAlnBdair.'^.t hie episcopal clergy- 
inaa of Ardnamurchan. The father, a man 



Macdonald 



aS 



Macdonald 



of great physical HtKii^di And wnduntnce, 
bi'lonpL'd to a mik't bnmcb of thp family of 
CluiiraiiuUI, aiiH mniDtnintd (he spintuni <ii- 
rcctinnof hiiiwidemnaiitninpari^)! li^nf;;aftrr 
hUdi'positian from Lis Uviniijasaiionjuror in 
1HH7. The poet wjis intended liv his fnrlur 
for holv orders, and by lii> cititrt', Allan Mac- 
dotiald (d. 1715), iwelfth of CTlanrannld, for 
tliu law, and. apparently with tlio u^sisi- 
ance of iJie Utter, altwided M-vtTRl t«rtuit at 
Glasgow LTniversity. Hifl university cantr 
aT)|war)i In huvi; Ixw-ri cut iilwrt, ];iil !ii:t wHrko 
Amindanily illuatrnte hii* fnmiliftfity with 
classical lilL-rature. An early marriage with a 
clarii>u'oumTj,Jniivl Mnciioniilcl nf DiiIhiiphs in 
lileiiclire, tended to thrnw him i^arly on lii.'t 
owti rpw.>iirci'». It «pi)ears fmin the rscordg 
of the pri'-shyton'of Mull in September 1729 
fhnf he hud then for wjnic lime nccupieU the 
position of teacher andcntr^chiRt in hisnittivp 
parijihorArditttin(ir«:bi(ii,in lliL-wrvitt-ljolhof 
thoSoeiotv for I'ropajialiii^r Christ ian Know- 
Ivtips in tiiu IlijjhlundH undlsk-s, uud <.'f tho 
Coniuiiltt<» fur uinnri|;iii^ th*' nival liciunty 
^nled by Ofsorgu I to tho geiieni] a-ueniblr 
in I'aft. I[« thus aMociati?(] liimsi'lf willi 
thp prr«byi*rtnn church, and hL^comirijr nn 
eld(?r as wetlaaa BChoolmoster, he TBoved his 
n-sidcnoo fiortTnl times within tlw bournes of 
Lift «'ildaRdextt-n!>iv('paHHh, Icnchiiijilinil at 
Ki]ean-l''hionan iKIlan-Fiuiiaii). altem'imU 
at KilchuuiiiiLnd l^tiully ut C<'rri>^>iilin,\v]if.Tu 
his farm lay at thf haae of Ifc-n Shimiiii, and 
nuar the ruins of iMiiiparrj-, with views over 
TubtTKKin" and 'hi' Hiiiiinl of Mull. At 
C'Drrimidi^n hi^ wrotn hi?< '(iaclic and Kiur- 
Ji»h V<icnhn!nri-,' puhli»hflii in Kdinburph in 
1741, on behalf f>f rhi> Socii'ty for Priipnga- 
tinf;Chri>tiHnKiiowl<>d|;>(>. Itwastheeurlii^st 
boolt of the kind. Although Mncc,s>riil (i* a 
teacher, his jmrt bs an eliU'rwaa h-w Imppily 
sustained. He tipptrared as comiuiB<>ioiicr 
truat hi« pari«1i witli a pt'tilLun to the prLit- 
bytery of Mull on llw:. 173:?, ' In mialf mti^ 
R ai] ' far a ninieter. when his own rnndi- 
(latv, DuituI Msclnuhlnn, was a man of wry 
bad chamcl^r. In anfiih^r cahi! nf 'fama 
clamosa,' he, in company with Kinlochmoi- 
dnrt ond lln^h Macdonald [q. v.], Kotnan 
cathnlir bi.sh.ip, lodpod in Sinrch 17-14 a 
Cfimplnint of iniuiorality againat I'Vancii 
MncdonaEd, prcsbyteriaii prenchnr in Stn')n- 
tian, and nt one tiiiK.- Kt^Ditm cathuUc prifAl 
in Moidart. It ta probable ibut nl ihi» titnp 
Macdonald hud ht>com(>a {{umaii catholic: til 
ony rato he threw up hin i)p|)<)lnl mpnl under 
tho pn-Hbylffian society at the bet'innini; of 
tht: iidlowinfryeiir, iirni, »■ an nvnwwi mi-m- 
berof the old reliirion, joined the Jnriibite^ 
in Biipiiort nf ihr ChevaSiiT. 

Macdonald held a commission in tlie high- 



land army uudnr !u« c>iui>in, Charli-j* .Mdc- 
F^hainn,whomu5T4!redClanraRa]d'filf?tuinta 
in An»ai)^ and tin- n<'i^hb(iiirhoodi and in 
many an impiisaioned addr^ftfi to th« cluu, 
notably in the son^ still sune In the di&trict, 
in which thoCht-valit-ritiiddnL^spd as a hi^- 
lund maiden, he urovcd himseU the 'Mcur 
Tat«s' of 'ihu '46. lie Look his full share of 
the campaign of 174iV-Q, and after Culloden 
wanden-d with his folder br^ilher Aiignu from 
onu liiding-placi! tu another in his native dis- 
trict. TUh paAeing of tlwr Art of Ind«?mnilv 
Rnvc him again a nettled home. lie had loK 
uii> pnji»Tly,undCliLnriinBld made him baillie 
or laml-sti'wanl of t!"' Nit* <if Cnnnn, and 
aflenvarda gave him lhi.< form of Kigneig on 
tliD t(lcmiig I'stat*. Tliere li# s€*ui» to have 
cnmpa^'fi mnrt of hi* {K)t:mH, which Ito pub- 
Ii*lied in a cojlecled form in 17&i in I'^lin- 

! hnrph, under the titleof Ai8-<^iridh naSeon 
Cbanoiii Albaniiiuch,' Tho voIuiul- l>r<.-alhv« 

I thu most determined spirit of antaf^JtuHni lo 
thu gu vvmmrnt and de'l.e»tal ion of tho Hoau- 

I verioiifauidy. Wt,i-xiv-pl luitAmojit virul«nt 
stuiiziLij, it in a Gill! contribution to martial 

I liljentliiiv. Tfx piihlioation so xoon after the 
miug was an nrt nf Aiidai^ity which catuied 

I his fri<?nds much mis^rivinf;. nnd somerervee 
of n liwntioits clinractcr, published by Mne* 

. donuld about the «inielime,!>t!era lo bawled 

' to hl« cspulsinn from Ei^jneifr, and c>nforce<t 

' migralion tu Knoyditrt, iruutnicnl which ha 
resented iii M?ry siingitiK ^itsh, I^iitt-r he 
W08 buttled in Arisai^, first a1 Cnmiis-aii-Tal- 

I lohiiinn, and lalT nt Snmiiii);. Hen- hn livvd 
to a(?reat Jipe.and diwlahfiut 17»U. His but 
ai;l.»vniilncorrpcl8ntn'_'(if bin own verses which 
twonf thewatchiTsinhin rhambor, thinking 
him fwlwp, were rccitinji to each other in 
low tonr>«. lie wa« buriud in the cemetery 
of Kilmhoree, Arisaig. 

I IliH eldest son, Uanald, alM & poet, re- 
moved to Kigg. Thi> farm of l.aig in that 

I island remained in the family till tho cmi- 
puliou of the poet*!! ^-.at -grandson Annu 
til the I 'nit ml Si ales about 18.J0. Angus ^uic* 

I donald, when the Am{>rican «ivil war hmke 

' out, ri'CL'ivcd a commission in the 1 1 (h Wis- 
consin rn^!m*nt, and was dirtingiiialiod for 
bis gflllanlTT. lie vrn.* di'^i-ratL'iy wounded 
and (iii'd at .^lilwaiikee niter the war; with 
him weni- to Imv ended 1 1n' pni't'i< direct line. 
Hv romuion consi-nt Macdonald was «r- 
C'-lli'd by notii- in tliemerit of his wnr-songo, 
such a« the '.Mnladh an |j"i,'izliainn ' and lus 
addrt-iWt')*totbeclrttii>. Tli.r ■ Itirlinn Chlainn 
linonuill,'wilhil*rt-dulvncfof the xcu, is pro- 
bably the best pici^c he wnit><. and hit.* Iie>cn 
parauhraiied by I'rofi-ssor Jtlackie with u 
mHcli success OS a trsnslut ion of f lai-lir poetry 
vvcr admits of. Macdunold's wealth of laa- 



.4^ -. 



Macdonald 



39 



Macdonald 



.na^i cloMical mUusions. and occafiionnlly 
-auleclie |MCttliaritieA, make bim on>- of the 
hkrdtset 10 truQslaW of all tbc bighlan J bards. 
Hfctaotuni i» his kt^ynote. 'Heau clo diibh. 
K._. . BTMrr learn uoj brvacan' is u euiriicd 
oee of tbe then jwoscri tied bigbtanddnM. 
lemripliDHj (if nntitml srcncrv he must bu 
1 inferior (o Uuik'hii Han Vclnlvrc "q.v.J, 
bst probably (o him alonfniiKinf^Ciftplir poets. 
Hia *AlIt an t>>i(ic«ir' is an nttructivv de- 
scripT.ion of tlw nrx't'd walk alorifr the 8iif^r 
fanmk. Id the ' Jdoladli Moniifr.' a love sonfi. 
b« is paAsionate and 1«'n<lvr. Ilis luTiirianc^ 
of epiUiut, howcTcr, hu t<;mpt«d fome of hti* 
■ initAtora to mbordtnate wuno to sound, and 
in this rcnmrT his influmco has b««n unfor- 
lumili:-. iWid^ ibc Edinburgh vditton of 
1751. tbt-r^ have }»en publi^hM reprodiic- 
lioosof ihv p'ji-ms in Ula»p>K- in L7&4, liiO'2, 
lS3n,lH.'S1,lH5l. A AnV(^EithtvliLiauapx)eaFed 
' at Ediabtu^h in 1(^74. 

' [B«id'ii Biblncb«eaScoto-C«Itia): ainckenm's 
I Su Oboir nan BktA Qaekeh ; BUekie's Lun- 
' SMC* <u>d Lit«ntnft> of thb SfoUisli Ilii^-hlands -, 
Sfoidarl, or Amoni; tli«(^nonuialdii, b; th? Kat. 
Charlw MacdocmU. Obaa. lSft»; TreDsactiouiof 
Um iiiiftlie SitfirtT of laTcriMMs, 1884-A ; Coltie 
Jlagaano.xiii. 2SA, &c,] J. M. a 

MACDONALD. ALKXAM)KHC1730- 

1791 », Si^tiLib calholie prelnte, bom in tlie 
tsUnd of Uist in 173ft, wm son of ihe Uird 
nf Bnrnuib. II««iiti!rrd lb«8colli Collf^iftt at 

Itomc if) Jan. 1764. was ordoJnfMl priosf in 
1704. and l.jft th* college 37 ApriUTU.'l for 
thfi miMion in ^^<■ntland. lie wn.^ .stArioiiiHl 
in the Ulaad of Uarra, where ho ivmainod 
till 17MI. On thv death of nishnp John 
Macdonald (1727 1779) [q.v.] he was «p- 
[iainl«<d toaufctMd him as Tinr-ajiostolic of 
thehighbuid district. The brtcfa wuredatcd 
1779, and be wan coniterratMl by Hi^hop 
IU7 at Sc&lan, 12 Much 1780, vrith the 
titw of Bishop of roh'mnniiiin, uwir Tn.'bi- 
SDod, IN fiartifiuA. Hf> died at SamaUnian 
< on 9 Sept. 1791, and tras succeeded ia tbe 
ticariate-apostolic by John Chisholm [q.T.] 

(Bndy'« Kpiseopal SuoMwon, iii. 466 ; Xjajt- 
. flae aad DaUin Orthodoi Joiiraal, it. 120; 
' Caliolic Dii?ctor>'. 1892, p. 61; Stoibett's 
. Caballe UiMioii in Scotland, p. 454.] T. C. 

MACDONALD. ALKXANDER(176&- 

: 1637^, tJaelic Hrbolar, I«m in the wcat 
iMhuwds in ]7o*>. WHS received at ihe n|^ 
ofMTen into tbu Roman catholic st^minary 
of Bonrblach. in North Moror, by BUbop 
Huf h Mardonald 'n. r.1 Ue wasaherwarda 
sent to tht: Scots UoU«89 in Rome, wbers 
ha waj. (ffdained prieat b^ diapaamtion at tbn 
ag« of twonty-thren. Ta 1783 he recamcd 
to Scotland, and bwng a good Qa«lic scholar, 




h» was plu«^ nt nslluch, near I>riinimond 
Ortstlr. ri>rth'hirf. lo ntTendthc hinliUiid«r9 
restdfnl in thai mission. He was appomtcc) 
missionary of the liac^lic chapi^l in itlack- 
friar*' Wynd, >^dilIbuIvh, iii 1"S)2, Aftw- 
wartbi he returned lo Itall<>cli.aiiil«v*'ntiially 
liflbuih a chapel aI CrtclF, where be pasaea 
tliH reinitiiiilitr of hi* life, t-xr*>pt f^ir a short 
inteiTol in Ifti"-)^, when be took charirc of 
th>< conpv^tion at Leith. KediedatCneft 
on 13 July I»«7. 

He was nn admirable classiiral and Gaelic 
scbolnr. and wiw emploved to give the l^lin 
si^iflrAtionA of llio words of two luttrn of 
the alphflbtft in the ' Uictionnrium Scoto- 
Colticnm : a Piclionary of th(> Gaelic Lan- 
duaBf,' publiKhcil uiidi-rth-j dirvctiuu of the 
llighlniid ."^icty of SeotUind, '2 ^ds. Edin- 
burgh, 1824, 4lo, He himeelf published 
' I'bingalHit, idve Htbi-min l.ibiTnIn, Epicum 
Osaianis Poema, e Oeltico ^rmone cotivw- 
sitm, tribiiH pnctniKiis diipulatiooibus, et 
KuhHequi>ntibuc) noriH.' Kdinhurj^h, 1^^. 8to. 
dedicated to Aogustui Frederick, duk« of 
Suaaox. 

(Stolhort'a Catholic SHsaion in Scotland, p. 
S86 : f raf, to DicUonariam Scoto-d-tticnin,] 

T. C. 

MACDONALD, ALEX.VNDEH(l-9l?- 

m<'i()), 'Scoltiah iinliguiiry, wax ilC nn early 

Eeriod employed in the Uepaier I loiisp, Edin- 
urph, whfn? he imslstotl Thomas Tliomsou 
[n. v.] in till- pr>'pftratinn of ihr* 'Acts of tbo 
Scotn&h I'arlianitat'and other works, lu 
1h24 Uowa,i cli'ctod a nn'mWrof tlir< Society 
of .-Vntic|uariei( of Scotland, uiid in ] 837 joint 
curator of the society's uiuseum. In JHiHU he 
wii£ apiKiintod principal koepiT of the rcGn^tur 
of dnxlitiiiid imibale writH. tli- died nt Edin* 
bumih on 23 Pec iJ-'W.offed about 6ft;y-nine. 
Mocdonnld ^iippHtxl il crinitiderablo atnounl 
of llie matflrinl for .Sir Waltt^r Scott's nolea 
to the ' Waverley Novels.' It is, however, 
as editor of tbc publienttona of tho Miutland 
Club that be rendered niottt wrvtcc to his- 
torical research. The volumes edited by him 
an- : 1. 'Tlic lU'gifclfrof Minimi c-r*. Exbortcrs, 
and Ktradent of the Church of tKOtlaiid,' 
iSJO. 2. * Mailland Club Miaccllany.' vols. 
i.andu.l834. 3. AdomlJlackwwd'a'Hifitory 
of Miuy, (Jufwn of Scol*,* I8;U. 4. * Hi-port 
on the State of certain Parishea in Spot- 
land,' lliliV. fi. ' L">tl«'r» lo King James the 
Sixth.' 183ft. 6. * Papers rtdative to the Royal 
Uuard of Scottish Archers in France.' 1>**36. 
7. 'Loiters to thp .\rpyllFamilv,'lt«n'. For 
tbo Bannalyiie Club hv also editnd ' lU'gis- 
tnim Honoris de Morton,' 1653. 

TArchsologia Seollca. toI, ▼. pt. J. (187S) p. 
24; GenLMag. 16Sl,pt.i.p. aiT.} T.F.U. 



Macdonald 



Macdonald 



MACDONALD, ANDREW (irSSP- 
17D0), <3ramati8t and verse-writer, sod of 
Geor);o DddhM. ffhrAeaoT, ta4 hom At l>eith 
about 17<V>. KdiicatRcliaLoith and at Kdin- 
bur)ch I iiuv*-r«ity, he received cjencnn 'a orders 
in tJifl SwMtinh i-pi*copQl rhiiroh in I'T-I. 
when lip icnjfl.hcufd hi« •iiinmmt! I.o Muc- 
donmld. Aft^r being" tutor for a y^r at 
Gosk, Pertlisliirp, hv wii« iiji])nlnt(*il in 1777 
toacha^cin Olo-tfrow. AlthnUEliRppiir''ntlj 
& p«od preacher, lie met witU litik' sncce^, 
and au imprudent tnarriniT'' irijnrtd lii* pro- 
specls. KfHti.niiiig bis chrnVf, Iifi lieTI IM in 
l^dinburul) as « literarymaniaiid ultimiit«ly 
tried his fortuno in London. Here hi* pivi- 
spocti! briEbloticd. Ilia traj^dy called ' Vi- 
nrniida," which had been siiPcyBafully played 
in Edinbi\r(,'b, witb a prtdujiutj by llvury 
MiM-lf-iiKi,-. vM accepted by Caiman, and 
■wiw prJiduced at tliu Uaymarket on -j Sfpt. 
178" {(tEXKsrr, Aivxitnit t<fthr Sfa^f,\\.A^,l!y 
It pTOwd popiilur, and a ispiitition nf tin 
*iiCCP»» next year waM *incmiriipinp, Imt. Mi.i - 
donald's othtpdrareatit? t'lForlswcro failiiri 
AdypUngiht']psi'udnn\Tnof'.Matih(*wBnini- 
hlc/ Mucdoiitkld amused London for some 
time with piK'ticuI bnrles(jiiu*. clovi;rlv ino- 
delk-d on ' Prt.T I'iadar* (cf. IJ'lflTUKl.T, 
Calami(K*of Aulhort). Jrardonnld'Hh'-nUli 
failed very siidfU-Hly, and he ilied in Kenlinli 
Toin>, London. 'I'l Aii«. 1790, leaving liU 
widow and n child dii«rtitiit(*. 

In 17S2 Mncdonnld publishrd * Vellna, a 
Poetical Fragment' — a cl*?vor piece in Spon- 
sctian stanm— which WB« followed in 1783 
liyan Cinsiiecesaful novel, 'The Iridependoat.' 
Ifesidcs 'Vimonda/ published in 17&H. on 
Tvhicli liis Jminalic rt-pulalion restii. lie Ii;fr, 
nn nnfiiii^bftd tfhgody, 'The Fair Apoalate,' 
ftn opera, 'Loth and Loyalty.' m comedy, 
'Priocesi* ofTurt-ulo,' various' Pnibatifumry 
Odoa fur tbo Laiireoteship,' kc. A posthii- 
inoas Tolume of sermons, 1 7!>0,»"'cnriid Konjo 
popularily, and Mardonald'a ' Miscellaneous 
workfl,' incUidiug all bis kuowa nTitln^, ap- 
peared in 17Ul. 

[T^vM of ScDttieh Pocta, hj the Society of 
AncionL Scot! ; Bakor's IlJog. Dnimitticiv 1812; 
Cbaml>an*B Eminent SeoUmcn.] T. B. 

MACDONALD, ANOUS (Isa4-18fi6), 
TaediciU writer, was of huniblu Aberdeen 
family. At. the age of niiiott^en bi' obtained 
A bursan,' at Kinp'a College, Aberdeen, where 
bo read divinity for a yoar with t.lio inten- 
tion of liccominf a minister. Proj-ertdinir. 
however, to KdinburRh, where tho meditrat 
school was then ot its conilb, 1i« turned to 
thoituJy of inedtcinp, andin IWVl (rradimtcd 
M,D. Settling in practice at Edinbur):;h, be 
became locturiir at Uinlo ilouu), afterw&rds 



at Siirj^i'oiu' Hall, and physician andcUnifal 
Ivct ursr on t li« diiW'afit!* E^f womon in t bo Edin- 
bnrph Royal InBrmarj, physician to Ibe 
Royal MaiirniityHomitit Edinburgh ,and fel- 
low of the ILiyal ColUgV of l'liy«ici«»8 there, 
He died on H) Fnb. 18H6, leaving a widow, 
two daujflitcnf, and fiv>» Rins. He WM 
utilhorof 'llie lliArinjia of Cbroni* DiivaMB 
of ihn Heart upon IVeirnancy,' &c, London, 
1«7K, and cdii^-d Jackaon'a ' Notebook of 
Materia Medina," Kdinbiirgh, 1P7I. 

pVorlts in GritiBh Httseum ; Lanef^ 1SS8. 1. 
378 ; lU«iicAl l)ir*.'tory, 1887; Timw, IS Feb, 
1885.1 A. F. P. 

MACDONALD, ARCHIBALD (173»- 
1811 ), aiitbor, horn in I73t>, wa» a Benedie- 
tine monk, and for many year" wa* Roinaa 
catholic, pastor of Seal Street Cbapel, Li»«t- 
p>iol. He puljili«hi;dad<'fuuco of tuu autlum- 
tifityof Macpherson'sri.»fin!tofO«Kiaiiiunii;nrt 
III" lUiavLi) of Maleulni l^int; [q. v.], ani 
ii-''!il aQin« tmn'>talii>n!i by hiin«f!f of Iba 
I r poHins of (Issian, iPCrt. 'I"injn»l Tvn- 
li-r. il into Ver*«' niipeared in lW»*i, and 
Macdonald nlito piibli»hi;d ' Moml Essuya.' 
He died at Woolton in Si-ptember l!iM. 

[Allibone'sDiot. of English Liteniluro ; OeoL 
Mag. 1814, pt. ii. p. 893.1 J- K- VL 

MACDONALD, Sir ARCHinALD 
(1747- 1 H'l(i).]\iAi!:c, I he third and pnathnmoua 
(ton of Sir Aii-snnd'T Macdonald, sevenlh 
baronet of Sleat in the ifiUnd of .Sltyc, by his 
»L»cond wife, Lady Murjiaret, yoimgeal dau^- 
tpr of Alfxandor* Montponu-rv, ninth, oorl of 
Epliuton [(]. v.], was born at Anuidale Cutto 
in tlic island nf Skye on KJJntv 1747. Howaa 
educated n,t Wcininin^'icr Hcliool, where on 
14 May I7(t0he waAadotiitcdon th^fuiinda- 
liLTn, and on 20 Mav 17^ was Qlerl{>d tA 
a Btud tint ship of Otriiit Chtindi, Oxford. 
Thonca ho matriculated 20 June 17tS4, aott 
Braduak-d B.A. 20 AprU 1708, M.A. 30 June 
1772. Ho wa-'i admitted a student of Lin- 
coln's Inn on \'A Nov. VtQTj, aiid wait culled 
to tho bar in Micltaclmna term 1770. Owini; 
to bis coimcction with Scotland, Macdonald 
was freciuently employt?d at tbn outAttt of 
\m \i}p.\ nm-iT un a junior in. Sootttalt 
ai>peal« to the Uouce of Lord? (seo PatoK, 
Seportt, vol. ii.) In May 1 77i'i ho was en- 
gBB W - o n behalf of the defendant in the 
Gremidaeaap b>^on! liord^chii-l^inKticiiMAna- 
field (HowELi., State Triaif, kx. 2S7-3(i6% 
and in .Inly 1778 be appeared as one of Hut 
counwl for the procecutinn in tltu Oreetb- 
wich Hospital ca«8(i'i.xxi.tl 1-6). InlliUir 
term l"7rt ho wiw made a lnnj;'s conuiiel, 
and in 1780 was appoint'^ oneoftbu justices 
of the prand iteanioUuS in Wales. On 7 April 
1784 he sucnwdvd lUchard Pepper Ardea 



Macdonald 



31 



Macdonald 



iT.las iii>lirihi-----'.-[i-' 



>1 



liatiii); [tr^viooslf be«a swora in u a m.t> 
j(.-imt-uI'Law, On the li>btiha vraa iuliiii(.ieil 
» iiH'iiiij'.'r of lilt; privy council (London 
f."ft^7rM, 1793,pp. lL*t;,l;i'r.aiiiiA.T!mtrTnni, 
liryurU, 1790, 1. 17^1. MucU'Jiiuld wiia aan 
of tliti juiijiri'v who took piirt in tlic I rial 
of Thomus IIar(5y in 1794 iHowELl, Stata 
Trinl»,xx\\\ liTft-li'X'^), nml h» pri'^iiled &t 
the Iriivl t>r Govftrnor Wall at the i fid Itailcy ; 
ill January If^OJ {ib. xxr'm. fil-l7S>. AUter/ 
limp, ftt & hy-(;l.?clion in Fpbniaryj WTvimj twirnty ^e>iir9 on rhe bench, Mac' 
^%f WM n.itani<.>>l (i^tliuilou^vof Ci.>iu-l donnhl reiiivd with a pensinn in Novcmbof 



in I'ilL'it ndminis- 

No. rj5y4). rie 

'iihiXiJun27Juni- 

iLiv wiiaapiKiiiiteil 

, I.: 31.1). In Hn- 

nlwr K.Si' Mnittl-iiinlil |iTVi«t-ciit<wl Jdhii 

nckdnl" for n lil>°l fin ihe [louse of Com- 

moo- . ' ' t'rinl-.xxn. 2H7-aiH>. 

Aiuliii i - IV'inaiil'ailif frirpiib- 

; Lli'--Kit;lj;-olMaD'u'A. pp. 3iJ7— 17:^1. 



the borough ofllinilon in Wiltshire. 
A n'|>uHi<d fl]H-L<ch in the bouse wwi 
il (III 4 Ifcc ITTfl in iiff<(nc<! nf thii 
ut-d bv Lhi" ^Viiim<:an commis- 
/. ItUi, x\x. ln;tl-tt). Durinj; 
fi t!ir> l-Url of UpiHT Ossoryst 
ii; til? state of Ireland, on 
' I if^kmnld 'made odu of tb« 
I auncka upon tlie ntaLilttr [Lord 
Rflrtb], in bis pmonal chsraftt-r, tbat wu 
•««r Icaown in a Ilouti; of P(irlijiini:nt.' ac 
euunu liim * of Wiug a pour, mtiful, (•lunUittif, 






l>fi;% and vr&s creatod a baronet on t!ic L*7th 
of tbat luontb. H<! Oic^l at lii« houKc in 
DiikeSlreat, Wratminal^r, on IB 5!oy I82ti, 
aged 7d, ntid wua buried lu KeDaingtoa 
I'iitinIi Churoli. 

Maodouiild was s lineal descendant of the 
old Lofds of th« Isles. His ancestor l>oua]d 
Macdonald of 8ii>At. wax cn>at«d * bAronot of 
Nova Scotia on 11 July \*i'lb, with a itpiK'ial 
cUiisc of pntoodtyncy, n-hich p]a»td hini ee- 
DOni] of tlial order iu iLc UingUom of tscot/- 
land. Maudou&ld's r<ldi>«t brother, Jniiiea, 



Cfllfl.""'' '"i^ wliom ti<> cinii of honour vould 

If rnrnnindiWiiual' 

i.i'OtJF api>l<>sis(^d 

".- ■ li.i-rj" 'Ajir ■■-i'-iia' (ih. p. l'J41 




MUVcUin^, abjtvt crualonr. rrauf^ht with di> who fiUL-ctfedud ii8 thu vigbtb b«n>nvt, waa 

knowiias ' tlii-Scotti>U.MarceUu«.' Hi; wk« 

one of tbe ninet ocoompliahtid e^chobirs of the 

d»y, and dimlat Ilome on 3(1.1 u!v I7(>(j,iiirnd 

•» I ( />-urfrt.. ^(ijwMm, 1 766, No. "U«fi3). Ilia 

ci'Di-Tnl election iuiSc-pieuibor 17^0i olb)>rbrotlit>r,.Mi.-xanik<T,EiiccuQdt'd Jatn«>«as 

iDalil wii-i rcturnod for NewcaAtte-j the nintli burom-t, and on 17 July 1776 wu 

Ltioc, and continued to reprnUDt that I cnMled Uanu Macdonald in tbo pL-omgo of 

■ ■ Ms ulcrntion to itnj judicial | Ireland. 

iir>- 17^1 br opposed B II r)it-*i<j Macdonald was dtstinguiahed ncdtbor ss a 

>' ^•lUiiuti of ihi* ciril list •'*1a-| l.i'n'vt^r imr a>i a purliauii;iitanr Kpmknr, and 

nU i,ik. xx'i. l:J(t!)-70), and, in M.iyl owedhiA suceeasml careerinajnlf to n fortu- 

'■" for parlianiuntaTy nv < nolo mnrriaf;!'. Tbouzh poMPwmp a luuty 

Unrin^ ThA dcbat« oni I t^-nipiT he matli! a t^arcful and imiutrtial jud^. 

appoiutmi'nt of an 9.Aa\ liewa^forraBnyyearsanell-kniiwufigurem 

icniitirtl to thccotitidcnceof tbel society, whtTchiscriuvrrMtional tnlcnt^atid 

[arch 17'^3, Mtu-donatd raadt* ai agKcable taanuurs madohim a ^>atfavour- 

'iiu newiy fonui^ coali- iLe. Aocordinf( to Sir Gilbert Eliot. t)f^«i^ 

n spirilod rcplr from' wards Lord Miuto, Jvkyll |^v« MsalotiaUt 

'•). In thii luilowinjT 'the nickname of thp Arabian kniRht for 

_ ..') Appo««d tlte ih-cotiil haTinft a thousand and one tnW (/v^f> atfi 

of i'uA.'!! L<u-t lu'lia Bill {»*. pp. Lftltrmf the Jir»t Eart of Miitio.\fi7A,». 

IV (>n M Junn 1785Ii«miir«jdfor , 413). Mai'^ilonitld became a lyncher of Lin- 

bnai; tfl a bill for thi> lielt«T aMnii^ i coln'.i Inn in Hilary lurm 1778, and actwl 

fnaoM of Ihfl cities of Ijondon and as trpasurerof Ibnt •■•■rii'ty in 17>fU, 

i.I thflb'vrouffhnfSoathwark, ■ Hi* married, on :i<J Hw. 1777, Lady I^uisa 

;<04m1 Ibnt 'a total reforma- , L«vi.«on-HowtT, l.be>'l<!<sJdau(jht»'rof tiniii- 

iiiAil>« in th*« reflation of the i ville, second carl Ciower, afterwards tirel 

>' {ib. xxy. s-^-tM), but owing to ttw ! mnnjuis of StaiTord, by hia second wife, L«dy 



of ihf rnrpomiion he was iinaUe 

tbroutfhiiii- b'juMi. II« appeaivto 

01 I'.i- I'l.. In.4i time in narliani4>nt 

xxs. 131 2). In tV 

>ijint«d liinlrhief baron 

, liir« of Sir Jamoi 

■ Jib of that month 

Unk kii* MM oo tb« beach for the first titor. 



Louuft E(;t«non, dau^tcr of Scroopc, fine 
duko of Bridgo water. There were (wven 
cliildren of tiie marriage, viz.: (1) James, 
who euoouwl«d Iu the baronrtey; (2) Francis, 
who pnt<-n>d tbA roral narr, and died on 
28 June ISOl; (.I") (^arolineMttrgaPGt. who, 
bomonyoNoi-. l778,di«lyounjt; (4>Huian, 
who, bom in 1780, di&d uomamod at Uaboa 




Macdonald 



on 14 March lS03(ft sat oftbiKA^ndniwiogB 
bj her form tha illiutrnttoti* of Mnt. John 
HmiterV SporU of the Genii,* I^iulou, 1804, 
4to1; (i'i)T<oiiiaa,wh().liornon2S Aojf. 1781, 
died unraiirriml on 15 April ltt02; (0) ]j«ve- 
Mti, vrhn AM in Sf<pr«mb«r 1792, and 
(7) Caroliue Dinaa, wfio, bom on 7 Jiilv 
1790, m»rri&d. on 2S Mav 1h1:1, the li^v. 
Thomas llaDdolph.roctoro^ Much an^l Lutlo 
Htulliam. Ilcrtlorilshire, and pr'-bi-ndnry of 
8t. Paul's, and di«(i on J3 Uoc. IS07. Cad_y 
Mnriliimilddifclin l)ukc llitri'(>t,W)r3t minuter, 
on 20 Jan, 1 f*27. n^fd 77. Mucdonald's iior- 
trait byOwrjru KMuiiK-y Iinii^ in tlit; haliof 
Christ. Oliufvli, Oxford. Hi* charge to tbe 
grand jury of L'-k't-slor in 1791 ou thu statu 
ofthi^ tiint-:^!'! »aid to hare b«en p»bliH)i«d at 
tbcirriMUL-.4t (FosH, viil. SSlXbatthuri! lano 
OopT or it in thi> llritiih ?tru«>'iitn. Mnc- 
doniUd'H jitdfrm^nu will \v. found in llie re- 
port* of Aoatrutlier, Forrest, and Wijjbtwick. 
{Alumni W«>>tmon. I&JZ. pp. 313, 371. 390. 
381. l-jfl, 464, 547. -149. 5S1. 54fl. 557 ; I''o"'» 
Judffnt of EnglanJ, 1864. Tiii. S39-32 ; WmKntl's 
UeraDin, 1881. lit. 308-9, ir. 191-3. t. 108, 
130; Amlenton'B fieotlinh Nation, 185S, ii- 718 ; 
Pari. Hist. roU. xiz-xxx. ; Gour^-imo Kra. 1833, 
ii. b*2 ; Anuuiil Ifc-giniftr. 1835, App. to Chroa. 
pp. 251-2; Gent. Msia 1777 p.611, IR03 pL i. 

6383. 1B26 pt. i. pp. 60U3. 1802 [it. i. p. 957 ; 
orka'a Pocrncr. &«.. isau. pp. iW, S94: Do- 
IjtuU'b BuTOontiiao, IH3i», p. 371)", Foster*! Almimi 
Oion. t;i6-l!jl!(6: Lincolti'ti IuQK«K^i(«rtii Ito- 
tumof Momltcra of rarliamont, pt, ii. pp. 147i 
168, 18!, 194; ILiydu'a Bouk of DiKiiitica, 
18»0.] 0. F. R. B. 

MACDONALD, DOX.\l.n, w-cond 

I-OKD Of THE ISLKIl lllld llinlll KiHT, QV ROSB 

id. 1 JiO ?"), wa.-i the iildeat eon of John Mac- 
donald, first lord of tho fslcft [l-v.], by hi* 
socoud wift>, Murpirfl, daughter of Itobert II 
of Scotland. Bi^n^'n luinoratthiMimdof his 
father'adetith, about l.S8tl, hi? wiut brought, up 
under iho guordianeliip of Ranald, younfter 
s(,in of John, first lord, by Ii'm lirst wifo. 
When Doiiiild attained hia majority, Hiinuld, 
who 4W^cording to ihf iwnnftcliiffii was 'old 
in the govenimcint of iLo Isles at Ids futln-r'* 
death' (GiujBOBT, IlUtortf of the. Wntfm 
Htifhla«tli,2tu\ edit. p. 31), dfilivercd ovit 
to him tlifi Ii'rdaliJW. 'contrary to tho npinion 
of ■tlie ni4mof lhe]slM'(iA,) On iIih death 
of Kaimid nut long aflvrwards, liis cluldrPii 
were di'po^i^w'd hy his older brothur God- 
irvf, who assumi'd iho title of Lord of Uist 
unci Oomidran, hut mndo no attflmpl to dia- 
nosAess Donald of ihu lonUhii* of the Tsli-a. 
ItOiolred til maintjiin Lis inaepindfliicn of 
th« Scottish crown. l'i>nald entered into 
elow (iiliance wilU Knf>Und, whoso interest 
it WAa to fincouraga him ia hi* pretenslonJ. 



I On 10 Sept. 1405 Henry IV aent oomouf- 
: »ionen to treat for an alliiutee with hits an 1 
I hia brother John (Co/, lioeumenft ntatit^ ! . 
' SMtland, vol. iv. entry 701), and the alliinci 
. IjHCamr' |H-riiinni*n1.. 

Donald mnrriod Mary T^ealia, only daugk- 
tcrof Euphemia, counti-Mof Howinhtroini 
right and wife of Sir Walli^r Li^lie of LftOf'-v 
Aberdeenshire. Alexander, the brother'. 
Donald's wife, l»'<^ame Earl of lto«9 on ihi- 
deathof hi.inioilu-r, thecounte.'K.and hvUa- 
' bellaSlewartjdauKhtt-rof tht! ri-B;cnl,Itt)l»". 
I duku rjf Albany, hi* had un only child. 1'.< 
! pheuiiuiWho succvt'dtsl Itirr fatliur in thcui.- 
on his deatli in I-l()6. But the new crmnl—^ 
bi-came a nun. and committed the ijuFrni- 
nii^nt of tho rartdora to .Vlliimy. Tliiii vw 
resented by DoniUcl of the Ules, who claimed 
! Ihnt hy the fact tliat tin' riiiintf««iiKnph»mi> 
I hud takon (fit? vil, tho oarldom devolvt-d oa 
him by right of her aunt, his wife, lie alio 
\ frtarcdthat if AlhanyonctvohtAinii^possemoi) 
. of the earldom of KoM, he and hUh^'ira would 
ho debarred from it for ever. In this he was 
jii^tirifd ; for it was t\n> inU'n.'st of the S^l* 
tish crown lo prevent the menace to ita au- 
thority which would ho caused by the unina 
of surh ti piiwcrful i-nrldouj with thw lord- 
ship of the IbIrs. To make good his claims 
Donald inraded thewirldrim wtlh a powerful 
force, (vnrl obtJiined thti willinf; .tiihji>ciionof 
the people without striking a blow. \t 
DinjpvftlL ho was, howovi'r. met hy .-Vngus 
Dubli .Mackay, who allocked him with gitiat 
det<.-rminatton, but was overpowertrd nod 
capturud. Dunnid tliun ordered a fjenerat 
reudexvoua of hiit forces at Invenifiw, and 
proceeded to ravapi' and plunder Moray 
nnd Atwrdvoiixhin.*. Thf |i>>nlrv of .Vofpu 
and Meama thereupon ioinod their force* 
to thosi! of tho BnrL ot Mnr, and marched 
norlhwarda to liar hi* profrn's-i to .\Wr*li-on. 
The two armies met on the moor of Harlaw, 
below tlio slopes nf IVnrichie on 25 July 
nil (for minute description of the site of 
the battle, t-ce quotation from manuscript in 
Advocjilc*' Library, Kdinburgh, printed in 
.\ppeiidix to TrrtXR, JHnf. of .Scotlnnri). 
Donald'ft hifi'h landers, who wvn» much tha 
superior in numbers, charired down from the 
hill on the serried ranksof the lowlandcm, hut 
their surcwKiTe furioujt onsuta were met with 
such stftady and stubborn reaiaUuice, tliat, 
not withstanding tho oxlraordinsrr elaushter 
on both nidod. the ballh> at Ti'frhtfall rv 
maiuod undecided, and Donald, di'?nnirin|; of 
his pnrpoao to bum and rnvagi' .\boi\leen, 
drew off during tbeuijirht lowimlsthenorth. 
Tlie battle, one of the fien-r^i nnd bloodiMt 
over fnuRht on Scottish soil, powerfully 
affected tho ima^nation of tho liniv, and a 



i 



d 



Macdonald 



33 



Macdonald 



imcriflkm of it waa handAl down hj tmAi- 
tion in -vrliAt i< i>rabably tliv Dlile:»t extitut 
tpvviinra ni tbn- ScolUsh biatoncul ballild. 

No Rliempt vas madf* to muli^Mt tbe Lord 
of tbe IsIm in hiK rrtn-jil, but tbe Uuke of 
AlbfttiT immediately eoUecled a strong f»rce, 
ktid uarchingui penoo into RoHtwiicMl thu 
Mstl* of IKitsnnii, and eompllod DooAld 
' to RCmt towe I«le9, -where nt> took up bin 
winter <]Uftrtera. The contcitt. wii» r*>newed 
br AlbAnv in thu foltowitt^ 8umiuer; and 
ultimately U-inalil, by a treaty signed tt 
Polsilbe (daw Lochfriip) iii Knapdal^, Ar- 
STUEliir<_>. agrwd to Burn.niJer his claims to 
thf iNirldfim iif l!i»s aiid ncknowledjte him- 
wlf a TOfisal of the ScoUiah crovm. Ln June 
1415 (he nun-Gountcm of Rom reatgned the 
Bftrldnm to the n<g(>nt, who Kcotivciri'd it 
to her. with fmrr^-nder to h^-r itiatemAl uncle 
John, i>arl of Bitchan, Albany's necond soil 
DqdjoM wao, bowfver, etill recopnised as in- 
dependent Lord of tbc IsIm br tbe king of 
Ktaglond, and i* mctitioued 09 one- of bis 
■11 if I in a tnic« which be conclnd^ with 
Ike kiiw of Frooce and bis aUio«, 13 Oct. 
Mid (pat, Darumenta rehtling to Seottamt, 
IT. B7S). Datuld died about 1420, uocord* 
tll|[ to tbe Mnnadiip. John Mard(i:inlil, at 
'Ardtomiah in Morvurn, in tbe fony-fiflh 
Ttar of bis age. and w»" buried at Icoltn- 
nll riona] '(qnott>d in MArKE^xtK, Ifitt. 0/ 
lAe MaadonntJ*. p. ";;). He bad two eona 
and i>n« daugblvr: AlexAnder, lbir«) lord of 
ihelelas^q.T.]; Angu», bishop of the lA<m 
•sd Mnnol, muiTi«<! to Alaxunder Sutboi^ 
land, to whom her &tber in 1429 gnvo tliu 
losdiF of Duchmll. 

[Col. I>ocuatnit«r«lMinf(toSeotIand; Rover's 
CootinnatJon of Fonlttii ; Sktoo's HighLandpra 
■nd Highland Clau: Grogvrj's HtA. of tb« 
W«alen IlixbUada; Uoduuiea Hixt. of tha 
XocdDcald..] T. F. E. 

MACI>ONALD, DUXCAX GEORGE 
FORBK.S 0'^-3?-18»J>, agricultural en- 
finetf and tniapell&nAous writer, was tbe 

I jOunswtBOOof John Macdonald^ 1 77^1 1^9), 
[q.T.X Iv bUwcoad wifo.<f atwt , elHont dniigh- 
torof Kennetb Mi()kenBie,iwi.,of Millbonk. 
Be fmrXj devoted hitnself to the study and 
inctin of agriculture on hi« father's cxt4>n* 
■veglffbe.ond in l>!^8«tani>dbii8ine«9 0[i]iia 
own account as an jumcultural engiaoT in 
London and Dingwolt iio also proctiivd 

\ M a eiril '^ngioMtr, and become conrereant 
with Ff cry department of fanning. In 1852 
be wnilo a nunphhit, * What tfnt Fanner* 
may do witb tbe fjand,' and in 18>>H woa 

I DnoHitefl with a testimonial 'by a few 
mBd« and muooic brMbrcn ' for hin wr- 
TioM. About thi* lime be visit«d Uritith 

TOL. ZXIT. 



Columbia, where he became a member of 
rhe gnvemment aurvtiy itoiT and one of the 
commiA«ioni-rit appointed to adjust tb« )x>un- 
dary line ofUriiisb North Amprica. On hi« 
return ho wrote a book on Rriii«b Columbia, 
in which hi; MmostlT deprecated i'tnigratioa 
thither under llitt delusion that its soil waa 
rich uud fvnile; ho aUo dHivt'rnl lectures 
OM tho nubject. AAer the deposition of 
Napo1i5on In Macdonald wrote a pampUlet 
on 'Nnpnicon III, the Empn-N! Ku^'nie, 
and the rrinis; Impcriul,' with all of whom 
he seems to have had somo H(?4iuaintAnre. 
In tbin lie is said to ' havu succBsefuUy 
proved hiii majfaty the for^moat aUt««raan 
and most sacracious iQonorcb of the world.* 
The rest of ?ilacdon&ld'B lifi; was d«TDt«d to 
ugricult ural and &inuLar intereats. He be- 
came drainage eogiiiivr of improTements 
uudiT tbo contnl of the Rnclnsura Commi«- 
Moiit-ni fur Fniflund and Wales, erii;iiiecr-iD- 
chief to tbe inspector-genernl of bij;[blfind de- 
Mii.ilion, F.G.S., F.K:0.3., J.R, and LL.1>. 
Hi'dit-d on 6 Jan. 18>M. There i« a portrait 
of Lim prehxed to hia ' Fanning siicl Estate 
Mimngi-ment,' engmved by Vinnent Brook*, 
ilin works art-: 1. ' Wbat the Funneia 
may do witb tbe Land,' IrtTj^. 2. • British 
Columbia and Voneoiiver's Iftland,' 1(^2. 
3. 'A Ijit'ctun! on ltriti:>h Colituibia and 
Vancouver's labind,' I.SIW, 4. ' Hints on 
Famiing and Estate Manairemeiii,' ard Hlit. 
1H«V>. h. ' Napoteon III, the Emiireaa 
Eugenie,' &c., 1871. 0. 'CallL-, Sheep, and 
Deer,' 1876; this work was {MLtroHJu-d by 
ftlmojit every sovereign in Europe. 7. "Tba 
Highland Crofters: twelve I.«lu>r« insoriliod 
to ibe Kipbt Hon. W. E. GladMone,' 1878. 
B. 'HiM llrouM DimiaoL', iis Causes and 
Remedies,' 18A3. He al-wi piihlisbcil (.evoral 
pamphlets on various economic and other 
questions. 

[Works in the Brilixh Museum : Times, fl Jao. 
188tiiuformntionfh3m tbolt«r.M.U.Walkini.] 

MACDONALD, FT-ORA (l7-2i> 1700). 
Jacobite b'-Toine.boni in 1722, waa dautrbter 
of Knnidd Mardonald, tiwkitninn, or fiirmijr, 
of Milton in Soutli l'i«i, an inland of thu 
Hebrides, bv Marion, dangliler of tbe Iter. 
Angus Macdonald, ministiT tlr^t of the island 
ofGi^ha, and ofterwardsof Sratbl'i*t. 8b« 
ln.4t lier father in early infunr^y, and wlien 
only six yuan old ahv was deprived of the 
cam of b^r mother, who was abiUirti-d and 
married by Hush Macdonald of Armadale, 
Skye. Till) child remained at Milton witli 
ber hrotbEfr Angus till her tbirtoentb year, 
when, in order to rvceive some instnicTion 
from llio family govemese, she was token 
into tbe mansion of tlie Clonronalda, of 




I 



whom her onm family were cadets not very 
^tantly relateii. She uunit'eetcd eiwcUl 
muical' tasto^, Ixcomini^ nn o^nompliithed 
plAvirr on tlie spinet, uud tldishting in siug- 
iiijl IJiu>1ic BOiig«. In I73i> iiitt- was invited 
by Miirpipjl, wife of Sir Ak'suiidcr Mac- 
lioniilil iif iln! tales, to Moiih»tailt i« SIcye, 
and Bhortlvofli-'rwarJa It wue arraujied tuut 
sbi.* »hciiilu nci.'onipiinv flio fniiiJlv to Kdin- 
Liirirli ro finLnh hf-r education xherp.. She 
apeut some time iit n buardiii<r>schDol in ttrn 
Old i^tnmp otHi-p. cloiii" In lii|:h 8lT*>f-t, and 
on oom|)[(;Luur her Gliidies eIhj continuwl 
cliif'Hy to reside until 1745 with Sir Alux* 
andtr and I^dy MncdonnM in Rdinburgh, 
III I he Bumnier of 1745 they returned 10 Sky*. 
While Fiom wiut f>n s visit to tlic Cliin- 
rauiiMif iit Ili-iiU'Ciiltt, thn Ilebridenn ivlaiid, 
PrJniTi! Charles Edwnrd [o. v.] orrived thoro 
uAlt ihi' dii!tu)l'ji SI. UuUudca lu 1740. 
Cnphiin O'Nitd, his rompiuiioa, proposed to 
Vlora lu liel[i in eoabling the princu to oscapu 
to Stry'i o-tid ahc rormrnlfd wltii nanii! n?- 
hictflnoo on learning thni the prinre would 
dinniiiae himsetf in MomnnV drfss (Letter of 
tJiL' Pulicof Argyll in //l>^ .W^'.S. CfammwmoK, 
lUli iiv^. pi. iV. p. 'M-J). ^ihe afterwards 
infnnued Ar|^ll that her sole motivi^ irasto 
succour uD>.' ill di»tn-»«, nud t»l(l Frederick, 
nriiiiv nf Wales, tliat sll£ wniild hare simi- 
larly berm-ndi-d him had hi' hui-u in lliu 
MLini> pliifht ; hut it nttiHnt tm dimljl«(! that 
hnr noiiticnl sympalhii?') Wfre with the IV'- 
tenuur. No nn« wns prrmitti'd to leBvn th« 
island except by pflpccinl pirraiasioii. Flora, 
thereEort?, on pretem-u nf ffoiuj? to Tisit hor 
moihi^r, ohtftiniftd fWim hr-r sU-pfmhcr, Cnp- 
tttin Hugh Mucdoniild, who wa^ in charge 
of the nitlitin, n nnnsport for hcritL'lf, her 
maii-4i>rveiiit, ' an lri:th iipinnin); maid, DeiCy 
Hurke.'andaerew of six men. Betty Ilurku 
was the Prct«<tidi-r, and it te vlear thul 
Caplflin ItlHcdouald wiw awan^ ni the fart 
(Ai.t:iA?ibi:R Macokkuor, L\fe of Flora 
Mae<hnniii, p. 77). At l^n u'clocli on tlm 
r-vi'iiiiii^ of '17 June tbii party set sail nrroM 
the Minch to Skye. The presence of a large 
pnrfy of the Muck-od militiii on the bi'-ach 
n.v.M Walenli^h pTMvout«?d ibeir kudinc 
lli«n>i and uuiid a shower nf bnUeU they held 
out to sea. diaemharliin)? early in the fon>noon 
Bt Kilhridi.', iwar Monkxtadt. hearing the 
prince o.nd bc^r servant t^:i take shelter in a 
amall cave, sho ur<H.'wded to Muuk»tadt. Sir 
Ab'Xiinder Mncdiinidd \v>\a with tbi' Uuke nf 
Cumbt>rliLiid at Fort Aupiistufl. but Lady 
Macilnti'ilil wiiK nt horno, and ninonf; heir 
^eiit8 was Captain John Maelund, in com- 
cnand of the mditia. Mncleod closely gue»- 
tionL'd Fiord n-p^irdinft thit CAiiw of hor visit 
to Skyo, and ber knowlvdgc of the prioce'i 



movemenU, bnt her »c]f-posftwsion com- 
pletely diverted his Buspwions, To Lndy 
Miiodonnld, whom she knew to Kympathina 
with the Jaoobits cau«o, 8h» couUded her 
secret. Ladv Macdonald agreed to aid la 
tho )princt^'*8 iMcape. Ho was SL'nt for tbo 
night to Ibi) fnclor's houK at Kingabur(;h, 
Flora a.iid her man-aorvant acoomijanyinjf 
him. Nust day th^y si't oot frir I'lirtrec*, 
whencp a boat eonTPy.>d him to Tiaasay. On 
pRrting with her at Portree, th« piince prv 
ftcnted her wiUi bi« portratC in a goM«ii 
locket. 

Unlurkily the boatmen were permitted to 
rftlum to BiMibecHla, and being arruiited 
there, they divid)jetl the secret of ine prinw'a 
escape. As soon bs eho returned to her 
brotticr's lioiiseat Milton, FIuracijtuK'uui-utly 
received a summona to appear before Captain 
Mucluod, aiid ub«.<yed it. She declint^il the 
ftdvico of fritfiid.t to disregard the mes.4age, 
and take refugb tn the mountain fastneaaes. 
AftiT Iwiuji permittml to pay a parting visit 
to luT mother in f^kyc, fli« was ponveyRd to 
Londnn. where after a abort imprisonment 
in the Tower she ■was hntidtHl fiT*;r to the 
cuBtody of a messenner. At the time she 
waa thus dcACiihed: 'Sh« is a joiinf; lady 
fibuiit twenty, a graceful jwreou, a good com- 
plexion, and r«?pulftr features. She bail 4 
{mculiar BwcL-lnetii mixod with m^(MstT in 
ler connti-naiiiTt'; lier di?portini«nt in mliii.T 
ftTAver than in becoming her yeara; evati 
iindi.'r bcr confinoipmit «hw h»tmy» ncthint; 
of AiillenneRH or diacnntent, and all bf>r ac- 
tiooa beepeak a mind full of conscious inuo- 
ecnci', and incapable of being ruffled by Ibn 
common accidents of life' (ISo»w Parlieu- 
iait of the hiff, Familtf, nnd Character of 
MUt Florence. M'DcjTuiid, now in Ctutod^ i\f 
tiUf nf hi* AlirJfXtf/t ,l/c«wniyerjl l« LornltM, 
17471. On roceiviiijf her liberty by th« Act 
of Indfiiinity iii 1747, nhe Hlnvfl for i>onitf 
time in tli.t> honae of Lady Primrose, wh(*r9 
she was visited by many pi.>rsoti8 of dis- 
tinction. Reforf leaving London t\if- wa« 
alao presented with 1.50U/. [printed copies 
of letters and receipts in avoliimtf of pam- 
phkls in tholibrary of the Hnti»li Muxoiiin). 
On her return to Scotland she waa enter- 
tained at Monk.madt at a banquet, to wliioh 
tliu principal famiLifs lu Sky<.* wi>ra iuvitcd. 

On tiNov. I7n0 Horn married Allan Mac- 
donald the ynowter of King^bureli. At first 
tht-v rpsidwl nt tin) fnrm of Klodignrry ; but 
on the dualh nf her father-in-law they went 
in 1772 toKingsburgh. Here she was visited 
in 1773 byDr. JohnaoHi-wbo dojcrlbeslieroa 
' a woman of so'ft feat urea, gentle niauaer'^, and 
elegant presence.' In Augustof the following 
year tbu and ber ijumily vmigraied to Moitli 



Macdonald 



35 



Macdonald 



Cuolini. Od thu Dutbntak of th« civil war 
fa>T ha'^lutml wMsppointud btigadit^r^envral 
bir ill'.- ^T^rBar,Mt<l ulie accomMmed liim in 
btsciVRipiifni" <>11 IiiKcnjiLuri'al MnrrrsCn^clf. 
Hp ■wn.'i TfiAmpd a prisoner in Ilolifax, Vir- 
giBMi,UKl by bin adrioeslte io 177^ mlunmd 
to Seotlana. Ttip ship irts unsiic<;***fii!ly 
tBttacked bj* s French priraiNr. During tht^ 
cnooiinter ahc bra^'oly rvmaiiwd oq ileck, and 
lud an ftm br»k£«. For ^me tine the le- 

-••ded «t MUtao, wh^re h^r brother bitilt her 
■ eottogn: bat on llic rvtiim of her LiLsbuid 
ther Bgttiii tM.-ttUHl ni Kiii{r»buri;h, whi:ro aha 
died on 6 .Vlurcb 17'M. She was wmppeil 
in tlu.' ebett in wluch thu princu and l>r. 
JdhiiMM) bad itlt^pt at Kiiitc»l>iiivli. and vtiv 
buried in the chiirehvani of Kifmuir. Tbt-> 
ori^nal marble slab urvctcd on bBrt^i-o was 
chipped to ni^ea Mid etfried off, but 8iib»e- 

' ^lOMitlrao obelisk wMM^M^ed by BubBcriplton 

I >*o brr nemorr. She hnd llvi^ Bona : Chu'l4^s, 
captain of tlie qu«t>n's rangers; Alexander 
and Ifanab), naval offictrs, who wtmt down 
with th>- Villi; dv l*aii», ih* <Jras«o'ii Oagehip, 
whit-bfotindt-n-doailsway home to Kn^land 
on li April 1782; James of FIodiannT, and 
John tirofl-I83i) [q. vJ Of h«r lUiiKhter*, 
Anne married Alexander Maclnad of Lnnh- 

' 1wjr> SlcTP, an'i Francns, Lonl Donald Mac- 

' leod. Two childri-n di«<l yonn^. 

A portrait of l-lors Macdonald by Allan 
ItamMvLAin the noi)li>ian Library ofOxford, 
and wn)i emrravod by MocArduU; analhur 
fMinlin); bv W.Itobertdon is in th« possessioti 
cf Lord lAminfiton : a third h in tht' tuwn- 
liall ai InvHniM*. 

(RtninUrs of Flora MacdotuUd's odnnttirra 

wnb Prince Choriea Eilimrd w«re fpren to Dr. 

JobaacpD, and vritt«a down by BoawoU. The 

imecooni of tJu Wanderincs of Frinoe ChArLoa 

£dvard ned Flora Macdonald, fn>u the ori- 

Istnal mannRnpt ofoneof tb^irattaadants, IMS, 

^u itrandiloquant and affbcied. Another iMOotiat 

va» pii!ifii>b«d ia tli« Sow Monthly M.u;. 1840. 

The Hi-rallnl aatobtogfHphy by bw gmnddiBgh- 

iCcr, 1870. ia of little nluo. An Account of 

ttha Yoiaaf^ Prdciidrr'a Ilvapo is alio printed 

'=1 Appendix to Lucklinrt INprni, ii, 4**-". A 

"i tff Alexander Itacgngor [ahvnnuds 3lic- 

Be) appntTMl in 1 S82, and Flora AlnMomld 

ItiUUt br W. Jollv io 18S«. Sw nko Ewald's 

'Life nod Tixnfs of ChBrlon Edwerd. 1886, and 

OeL 8taar1 Exbibitkm, 18S9, no. 107. 1I»~IA.] 

T. F. H. 

MACDONALD, HrGH (1701 1773), 

^cuttish cntbobc pn>late, s<m of th« laird of 

lonir, InTcmcu-fthirv, bom in 1701, aft^ 

spt«ting bi) studies in thi< seminary of 

tScalan.wBdocdained ivinst in 172ii by Bishop 

: Juaea Oonlon (106*1746) [a. v.] When 

im 17S7 Biabop Gordon, wiUi Pope Bene- 



dict XUFk assent, divided Scotland, hith^-rto 
one epiAcopale, into two dUtriri^'ir vicnriates 
[sooGoitbo:g,jAi(GH, 1664^-1746], Mecdonald 
wim nomiiinttid U) the vicoriaieof the high- 
land diAtrict, And to the mo of Diana iu 
Xumidia, ia parfitm injideiium (1:! Feb. 
1 7dfl I ), and bo wa« conM)cnit«d in Kdin- 
bnrpb, IH Oct, 1731, bv IJisliou Gordon, 
n^iitt'd by Bishop Wallace and a pritust. 
Id (bv brifib Clcmciil XII cauMd a olatim 
to be insert^ «iDpowering Macdonald ukd 
Uordontodi'flnu tlii- limits nf their reffpi^tiva 
jiiriJidictioiit. Thu partition was acconJingiy 
arrnngv^d in October 1731, and it was an- 
pn» L-d by I'r^pagundiitn a congregation bold 
7.1(111. 17;il~2. 

Wb«n Prince Charles Stnarl arrintd on tiio 
wostrrn cnagi nf Scotland, near Borrodnto, 
in July 174.'>, the bishop hastened to him, 
and vainly urged him to return to France. 
On 19 Au^. ths nrioco'a ro^nJ stAodard waa 
blessed by tlie biabop, and displayed in Olen- 
finnnn, a part of Moidart belougini; to Mae* 
donnld of Glenaladalc. Aftur the rebellion the 
bishop flscapied to Paris, anil obtnini^d from 
the crown of Fmuc« a pension, which he «i- 
joved until hut death, umli^r tbf name of 
'AlnroUe. lie returned to Scotland in 1740, 
and iM-ine Wtrer«l by n nampsakt?, he wa» 
appn-hended ai Kdinburph in July 17-Vi. On 
his trinl inMarch 1756 he wa3 found ffiiilly 
of Iw-inft a popUh priest, and condemm-d to 
perpetual bouishmtint, but by connivanc<> of 
theantboritieatbiasenlencewasnot.tmforcud. 
Uti diud in Olengnny on 1'2 March 177<'I. 

[Loudon and I>ublin Wc>kly Orlliodox 
Journal. iaS7. ir. 8S; CtlholicMrw-tory. ]fi92, 

fip. 60, til ; Stoihftrt'* (Inelinli.- Mi«"i»ii in S«il- 
and. pp. 7, 30, lOA; Bmly* Kpiscoii^l Sac- 
cneion. iii. i$6, iM.] T. C. 



^ MACDONALD. TUTGU (1817-1860), 
Scotlirh pof-t. bom in Eridp'ton, liln«f^ow, 
on 4 April 1817, was apprenticed, after a 
Bcantyiviiimiion (it n nif^hl-sclioot.toa bloclt- 
printer. He subsequenilv kept a provision 
shop in Bridget on. and uldmAtely retnm»d 
to his trndv in Paisley. He bvgnn to wriUi 
verse in the ' Glasgow Qtizeu,' to which he 
also contributed a serica of lotters defending 
Biimi from an attack by Oeoigo Gilfillan 
fq. v.l In 1846 he had a meetin;; in F,din- 
Luriitt Willi Profras'jr Wilson ('('hriatopher 
NiinJi '), and wrot*' a frraphirand interpstin^ 
account of it. In 1^*11* hp (tbto up liistrodc 
and joinmi tb'-sHilf of the ' Glasgow Oil ia^p,' 
for which, and for rho '01i«(row Times,' lie 
wrote the series of deecriptiri' papiTs tnibse- 
quently(!oUoct«diinde;rthetille3of*ltaniblrw 
round OUsgow * and ' Days at the rVinet,' 
In 1855 he joined the *Ula*gow Svniin«I,' 



6oon aflerwurda Wcmou wlilor of tlie ' (.llas- 
ffowTinnis,'andin ISftS literary editor of tliu 
'MominR journnl,' u post wbicli liw li"!il till 
his death on IB Marr-h ISfiO, In IHS^ a 
rustic stone fount, witli a mediiUioo bust of 
Macdonal'l, wn* en-ctod to hid noemnry on 
tliBflitDof 'till) bonnio wee well ' whicli iathe 
SubJHCt ofono of his aouRs. All \ua literary 
work hUows iLiL inlL'nau low for uatun.', but 
hlH prow i» btill'iT tliiiii 111!* versw. Ilia poeti- 
cal wnrkfl •wp.Tc. ])iiblii4hed, witli u mumoir, 
(Jlasffow, lt»!0. 

^Meninir .iJi nbore; Brown'n Por-t* of I\ii»ley, 
ii. 1^3 ; K<>gR»'> 9outtJiiti Minttrel.] J. C. IL 

MACmONALD. JOHN, of Isla, first 
JjOKDwf the l^t.E<(f/. l.'tSOfliWaH tbesoaof 
Anffvii- Off Mucdonuld, who died at Isbi about 
13:i9, and wtie biiri'>d at It-oluiljil], by Mar- 
garet , daugbl«r of Guy O'Cathan, Tbo Mac- 
doualds iroc'j tbeir dtwctinl from Duuald, 
oMiTsinn of !{i-gin»ild, se* find sun of Sonifirlcil 
of Argyll, kiag of the Isles. On account of 
& disp»U> with tho rn^rent n^gordinK ci-rtnin 
lAnd.t, Jnlm of Iftta joined the party of Ed- 
ward llaliot, to wLooi, in con si aeration of ft 
mnt of the lands of Miill, Skye, I.*Ib, (iighn, 
Ifciutyrti, Kuapdalu', Jtc, be, by indenture at 
PertD on I- Sept. 1%15, onc^god to bo his 
liog).', and to lie viiumy to In? etmtnios < Cnf. 
Dontmentf nrlatinff to Scotland, iii. entry 
1182). About llti> Humu (imo li» alan ob* 
taint-d H wifi-iTomi uct to visit I'Mward III of 
England (/A.) On L'O Stpu 1337 Edward HI 
fpivv onltT* for till' ndi?iu".i.' of liis k""-'-****! 
crew, and ponds, wliich had been nrrpflted on 
euHpiviou I lint they wi-rc thosii of an (jnt-iny, 
' whcrefw,' ao it wa.s drdari'd, ' ho had always 
been llio kiug^'a lie|;t3' {ib. 1:^1-1). On iha 
return, however, of Ihivid II from France in 
1841, JoIlq of Ula aixned a ircnty pk<(%in^ 
him his aiipport, and in I,)4tf sent Uim a 
present of fuJ{;uiis i^ExcAequer liolU of Scat - 

?rt7l<?, i. Ml). 

John of iflla hod mnrried Amy, aiaiar of 
Itanald, twin of IJury of lln» TsU'S, and on iha 
murder of flanatd in l.'+4fl Bh« bfieaine bis 
Ueir, whereupon her husband, unit in^r her pots- 
B*>wion»ti>ht'iown.a!i*uined lh(> tilli* of Lord 
of thr I-'iles. Tliia nrranremont wns dis- 
pleaslnn to the kinp, but na eet the royal 
authority at dofianco, and again tniTiHretTed 
his dupiwjrt to tlm jiarty of Maliol. 0« 
ftl March l.tiB Edward III empowered] cet- 
tAtouiivoysto trvaC with hiiuandhisallii'itlu 
join theaerricp of the king of Kngland {('al. 
Doeummtt rvlail'iff tn -Svottand, ili. 1G06). 
On 1 Aujf. Vi'it hft n-i^ived a (tafthcnndiict 
from Kdvrard III for ihrt'e of hia nfirvants 
t« trafl* in Encl'md iitnl Inddiid, and otln«r 
perta of tlu; kin^'a domiainns with their 



Tess^l (I'A. I4I89). On 8 May of the Mme 

ynar be was nam^d a.* n liontamifor Divid It 
iib. 16^), and he was included iu the tea 
yenrV tnice bMwceii \)av\d and England 
eigned at Berwick on 8 t)ct. (ii. \6')7\. 

Bcforp the return of iJuvia II from Eng^ 
land John of Iii'Ia abaiubm^d ihv parly of 
Jlaliol, and, baviciji divorti'd his firnt wifs, 
nurriod Marpintl., daughter of Rabi>rt, In|;li 
Ktrward nf Sntlland. It wiih at nni^ tirnft 
ftiipposed that thfl pround of divnrr/? wa» 
ooni^aiiguinity, but this has Ix'en disproved 
by thf diwovcry nf a di*]K-n»ation from iho 
popo for the first raarriaffn in 1^7. A di*-j 
pensation for the second miirriiice was si 
granted in lA'tO iThpiskb. Vrfutta .Von.' 
p. iW). Notwithstanding his new relation- 
ship tfl the royal family he otill, however, 
fLlaiued lii« iiidi>pijiidenc», and in 13(lt; for 
fomenting rebellion, and rofu^ing to pay hia 
contributjun fur the support of the crown, ■ 
dt-clnratioii was uiadp again.tt htm by pnrlia> 
ment. In 1308 he wae cororaanded to appearj 
befori" tlif) kin^ tn |iersiin and ftiv" wn-urity 
for hid CMinducI, and on his failing to do ao 
his father-in-law, the steward — who had 
failed to keep bin «iipngpmfnt tn r«>ducc th« , 
disturbed districts to uuhjeotion — was de-l 
tained in cnstody. The king then proceeded 
ii({aiu*t hiin iapt'riton.when'HiioiKin tbc|iiT- 
Kuasion of tlie steward ho agreed to meet tb« 
kinir ac Invi^rnivs. and llien* cumc und-.-r an 
oblipition OH lo Nov. ]!Il(9 lioth to (fiv» 
obedience fo the king and liis officers, and to 
put down all resistutiw lo tbi; myul aul Imrity 
within hifl t.*rritories (printed in Anpendiic 
toTtiXEH's i/jWor)/ t>^.Sci>f/on(^«nd in Mac- 
kenzie's IlUtnrii iifthr Mar^lf'Kald*, p. hh\. 

Ou the accession of his father-in-law, the 
steward, to the throne in IfirO, John of tho 
I4e8 resigned a great part of hin lorritorio* 
into the king's handti, and rereived from him 
a new cliarler in faroiir of himi<i;lf and hia 
lieirs by marriagn with ih-ii king's daughter. 
lift waa aUn confirmed in possession of the 
Scottish berilage of thtr housi:< of Komerl«l 
by charter at Scone on fl May 1372. The 
result was that the children of the second 
umrriaife were rendered feudally in(li'p.*iidf>nt 
of the children of the first marriage. God- 
frey, the ebie.it aurviTing son by the lirst 
marriape, made an nnsuceessful nittttnpl to 
rvfliM thie orraiigvnienl, but ICaiiuhl, tho 
second son, ncr|nieftcfd without opposition, 
nnd in reward nK<.'Lved a grant of um North 
iMb'K, llarniiiran. and other lands. 

John of the Isles died about 1386 at Ard- 
tomish, Mitrvitn, and wn« hijri>>d in Inna with 
^■at splendour. W^. had made many liberal 
(frants to the church there, and wan utrlwd 
by the ecclesiastics Ubo good John of lida.' 



Macdonald 



37 



Macdonald 



Bjr ItU first vifi< br Liid tlinm soni eilJ 
4na duiffhter; John, who nre(liM-[>iL.4L-4l liim, 
liBTto^ coe son. An^iis, wtio dml witljout 
wae : Godfrey, who vm left nortioalesa, but 
snbMqiieatly aeited Uist and Oarmonn from 
cite eoiUna of K&Dftld, and of whom the 
4«MeiidaBt8 ue mippowd to be eitinct ; lU- 
BAld or ilcginald, ancealor of the Mocdoiialdfi 
of OlvDnrrv. imd of all ^lacduaalUit cUim- 
ing to W UlauranaldH; aud Mitry, sak\ to 
luiv« bMD married, fint, to onv of tliu Muc- 
kians of Diiart , and, »^<c(»idlv, lo Maclean of 
Cull, liy hU ta-ntnil vrif« h>' bail three sons : 
I>>aald, second lord of the Islee [q. r.] ; John 
Mor. t.ituulnir iif I^ln, ancestor of tlie Mao 
^DelU. earla of Antrim, and the Slacdonmlds 
of Sandn; and Alexander, lord of IrfH-hiil.tli, 
ItBown V * Ala-Uair CarracJt.' anct'stor of the 
Macdonaldf of Ke]>poch, Dalchoisiiie, &o. 
Uv had oIm) a natural ton Donald. 

[Chi^nielM of W^nlonn and Fordnn ; Oal. 
llortiDiontJi rrtating to SrotUnd. rot. iii. : F,X' 
cfaMOtr Bolli (ifSwtlaQiL vol. i.; Skenv't tiis'ii' 
lAiHurtaDd Highland Clanit: Haekonri*'* Hist, 
of th* Macdniwldai Ongorj'a Bi«t. wf tlia 
Wotcni Ri«hlnDd<t.1 T. V. 11. 

MACPOXALD. JOHN, fourth and hut 
[jobh or the I.<ii.p>4, and Klevmth Kabi. of 
KoeaiV. 14I>S^|. niiA the only leptinute Buo 
of Alexander, third Irtrd of th« laltw fq.v.), 
br hi* wif^ Flizabi^th, dan^rlitfr of Ali>san- 
*ler Svtoii, Iwrd of (Jonion and EIuntlT. 1!« 
waa a minora* latcaa IVjtiiKrr^f^jufr R/.IU 
<lf Sfitland, vi. Ifi9). Acconltns to tlK> i^n- 
na^hica he was a ' meek, modest man brought 
up at court in hia yoongor yean, ano a 
■Aolaf more fit to be a churchman, than to 
canaiod w raany irrc-R'ulBr tribt.-!^ of |i<.i>pli.' ' 
( Si tCKCTnciR, Ifutmy of the Afiualonal'lu. p. 
$C ), TbA kin^ M>lect«d an liis wiffi Elina- 
tntJi, diiii);l]lvr uf Jaowts Livinf^onw of Cnl- 
iMidar. promi.sing with her a in^^nt of land, 
\nX on nccouDl probably of the GiibM)<|Upnt 
ill*)rr»ep of ihc Liviiif:p'1onea,th4.' promi'*t> waa 
not fulfUliyl. ()» ihia account the Mac- 
dotudda' followi-n in 1451 or l4o'i si-iztd tlii^ 
foyml eaatlm of InTi.-mt<w and Uniuhnrt, aud 
lued the caatle of Ituthvcu in luduDoch to 
tii« (rround {AtitAmleek ChronieU, p. 44). 
In 14^1 tbe Ivairuc of hi» faihvr wiih Cniw- 
Cctrd and Douirlaa (h-i> tindi-r MACtK>?(.\Li), 
ALKiAMJUt, third Lobd qv tiii: Isle:^] w-il<^ 

difcorrrrd ; and on 'i\ FMi. M't'2 llnu^la.'* 
waa lUabbed to death by the kinfr in the 
caatle of Stirling. In revmifce probably for 
the tntirdor. m irdl aa for his own priTftiB 
wrooe^ tbe Lord of ih^ Isles in W'i'A col- 
lected A fU«t of ono hundred ffnlloys with n 
fijrt?t of tvi thouK«id men, Bn<l Jftimiched 
tbeffi under Donald BnDorh, lord of Isla. lo 
llw westati) Dout uf ScotUJid, wberu, afWr 



buminfc BKveral inansionn round liivi-rkip, 
ihey ravBREKl the isli* of Armn, hiimi-«l the 
CAstlr (if Hrodivk Jn Uiitp U* lhe^ound,EQd 
waateii thi' f'uiiibra«» with lire and sword 
{ib.-p.hii; KrchetfHer UvUtof !<i^thnd.\.h7%). 
Macflonftlil liiiiiAcIf s]:>0 inviid<;d Sutlifrland 
at the head of five hundr>Kl mvn, but waa 
dcr<.fttoil by the Earl of Sutherland at Strath- 
Qvv\ with great slau^litvr. 

After the forfeituni of l><>ug1a« in 14r>l 
and ibu Hubmission of I he Karl of Cmwford, 
thv lj<)rd uf the iHltm ciimti to tt*nns with 
the hin^, atid in W'tl wa.« niadt> one of the 
wardvno of the marcbea (UrUHH, ^cedrra, 
x\. 347}. Thi! Miu» year ]iti waa one of the 
puanvntora of a peace with Fngland. Tn 
T4<K1, [in_>vioufl to the niejip of lioxbur^h, h« 
joined the royal army with n force of thive 
Iboiisand men; and after the deoth oF 
Jame^ II at the eiF'!;«i,h(> attended a mcetini; 
of parliament held at I<>liulinrtih, 2'> Feb. 
l4tiU-l. Soon afterwards he, Lowevor, en- 
tered into comiuuui cation u-ilh lb'.- bauithtd 
I-iirl of Dou|i!as : conscinieiiily im -22 July 
14(U, that ourl and other banished lords « ltj 
ejnpiiwert-d by Kdwanl IV to tmnl with 
him |/fu/. Heiit. ii. i^'S), and on the Fame 
dalfl be, at a council Wid nl ArLltiimich, 
aereed tn send nmbn.«iia<l(ir^ to tn>At with 
those that mifrht be appoinled by Kdwurd 
(iifc. p. 407). Th" re*iilt was the- n-msrk- 
«ble treaty signed ai WtjaiminMer, 17 .March 
l4iVJ'8, by which he and bis deix-ndanta 
agtvL-d to bcoomo the king of Eiif^Und's 
awom vaasaU, on condition that after the 
salyugation of Scotland all Scutlnnd north 
of iliM Forth Hhould K* eijuallv divided Im^ 
tween the Karlii of Rn!i.>i and Donf^las and 
IViniild Bnlloch {ill.) Shfjrily afterwards 
John of the IfAii tt^wmnA iho title of King 
of thellebrideaajid sentaluitrepartv. under 
hi* natural son Anfriia and Diioitld balloch, 
which took pnaseMioti of Inverness. Thence 
proclamnli'.ms weT« issued in his name to 
the iuliubilants of tbo burj^h^ and ttherifTdom 
of laTemeaa, including alao Nairn, IJou, and 
CttithDiMB, commanding all tmam to bv pud 
to him and furbiddinp iilieilJenCH to th« ulG> 
«ra of King Jami-.* ( Acta Pari. J^cot. ii. lOB). 
From Invemeiis they adtauced south to 
AtlioH, and nftiT nt.nmiinff tlin niatlv of 
lllair drairred the I-^rl and CounleAs of 
Atholl from tliP chupel of St. Bridget and 
carrif<l iheni awiiy cnptivr-; but, according 
to Bi»hop 1.<mW, on ibeir way homo they 
veru ' suddenly stricken be the hand of God 
with freuxy and wodoesa ' and lust all their 
booty in the sea. wherenpnn they t-nused 
the Karl of Alholl and bis lady to U> agnin 
restored, and rliem)Milvii»r>!vi«iti'd St. Bride's 
CUapel ' for the recorery of their health * 



■ 



I 




Macdonald 



3« 



Macdonald 



l^ffiftory t{f Scotland, Baouatyoe CLub edit., 
p. »4). 

jVIibouffh John cif tlie Isles wsa sammoDcd 
on pain of forfcilupp to oppexr W fore pari i«- 
meal to answer for bu conduct, no nirtber 
procee^linKS were meanwhile takva t^inst 
bitn. In l4G7 b« iru ftllowed to rrtnin the 
Jermes of InveroeM, of whicb be bad ille- 
nllv tttkcQ poiaetrioo (Kre^t^uer ItoiU, TJi. 
MSit uul be WW alio pcrmiited lo act 
u keeper of tbe cuUe c» L'rquhart, and 
lo ■pprvprinlo u bis feo tbe rente of L'r- 
qubuit and Ulcumorttloo {ib. riii. IS3, 4 io). 
Mennirhile be did not attend parlUmt^nt. 
but ho wu accustomed to eend a di'puty 
to renreiifnt him. Kubneqnantlv be wa.i rii> 
gBfftu in a fi^ud witb ibe Earl of Uimtly. 
an^ on 21 Manh I-t7:V-4 1<!>tt?n vi>n> M:nt 
by tbe kini; for ' blaiincbni); ' the ^lau^htent 
between tbvm, on which ihe I<ord of the 
Ides appeuv to have (pren conciliAtorr a»- 
ninoMs {AfcotaU* of the Lord High 'tr*a~ 
mrar, i. 61, 52|. Towards the clow of tbe 
Tear, bowevvr, ib«»ecn.ativat;witJiEo^huid 
Decame known to the mreRuttecii. and be 
wn> in coufi«M|UHtice citcu to appear U-furv a 
parliunmt to be held at Edinburgb in l>e- 
cember 1470 to answer for his tmmnable 
act* cotRmitt49d from 14o2 down to 1403. 
On bis tHm-appesrance ha was declared to 
have forfeited nis life, and ecnicDcv of at- 
tainder was paaaed ogainitt him {Arta Pari, 
&««. ii. 10». 111). Od 4 Dec. 1475 a com- 
mission was ^T^o IO Colin, »t1 ^f .\r- 
gyll, to iatade bis tenitor^ witb Gre and 
sword and punue bim and bia accomplioea 
to tbe deatli (Ifwf. MSS, Cmm, 4th Kep. 

L487), "Whiln Arprll pn>c«ed»-d to the 
es, an expedition rrait aUo 6ttrd out 
a^nsl him uiidtfr the £arU of L'rawford and 
Atbolil'^inrado htsnorthtirotrrnione'^: but 
with cbarMTtttriatic (nuilluiimity John waa 
persuaded by the representations of Huntlr 
toKnbtnit bimiu-ir tn th<> nivrcv of ihflCniwn, 
On I'j July 1476 bi> app<->arM{ as a suppliant 
before tb" paHiameDl at EdinburKfa, and at 
the inicrnva^ion of th^ quern hi» Inndci were 
restored to him, witb the exception of Knap- 
d»V, KintTiw, the castles of InTemwu and 
Nairn, and the earldooi of Rosa, which was 
vcorted in the crown {Artm Bui. Snt. ii. 1 1 1 ). 
He wojt abo made a loitl of partiamwt by 
the title of IjoH of the Islve, the sacoMeion 
to the new title and estates boinz as a con- 
OsaoMn 1(1 Critic nsagee secured ia favour of 
hi* bMtard »oo9, Anns and John, in th« ab- 
saooeof Uwfol imanlO-f. Mm. Sif.i. 1246). 
John'a mimnder of the eaiMom of Ross 
caiuwl a bn^ch betwiwn him and bi« fbl- 
loweni. a Urg** numbi'r of wbon asaembled 
noder bis nataral son Aagns, who en- 



deavoured to vresX ibe earidom of Bo 
from the ROTenunent. ^ot only did AnguftJ 
Ricce«£fuQy neuM various expeditions aent • 
by the KOTemment affaiuH bioi,bul,eucoun— 
tonne ute forcee of hte father in a hay iu tlio 
i«land of Mull, completelv defeated bim in 
an ettgagBiaeal tiaditiooally known as ' Lho 
Battle of tbe Bloody Bay ; ' and became th»^ 
nsN^ised head of tbe clan. After the as-' 
Eaasjoation of Angus by an Irish harper 
about 14^5, tbe hcadjhip of tbe clan (le> 
Tolred on Akatandur, nephew of John and 
■on of bis illegitimate brother Celestine. In 
1491 he led an encdition into the north of 
Scotland, captutvuthe eastleoflnTeniess, and 
adranced into Hooa, but was defeated bythe 
Mackenxies. and either woooded or takim 
piiMHier. In conaniuenceortbeprocMidinAS 
of Alexander, tbe parliamott in Slay 14BS 
declared the title and poonessiow of the 
Ixud of tbo Iide* to be focf^ted to tha 
CTOwo. In the following January John 
made bumble submiaaioti in preseace of the 
kin^, in consideration of which he was per- 
mitted to Temua at court in receipt of a 
penuon (Aixviutt* (/ /Ac L-znl Hi^h Trea- 
Mtftr, rxA. i. posaim ; Krrhf^a^r JlolU tjf | 
AofJIctfMf, ToL X. pasetm). He finally rvtin^ 
to the mooasbTY of Paisley, wbero he died 
about ]49@» and at hb own request waa in-' 
t«nvd in tbe tomb oE bis royal anoostor 
Robert II. 

John left no lawful issue, ba^'ing' at an 
early period bct-n separated from his wife, 
whi\ in oonstderution of tbe fact that sha 
had not aasistexl her hu«bcuid in his rebel— i 
lioiw, rvcvivMl on 4 Ftb. l-t7''>-l) cortain- 
landu iu Itoai from tbe kinp for hur Huppurt 
(£r?. Mag. Siff. I M27'). Of the two Ole- 
frititnal« aons, Asfoa and John, Julio died'J 
without issoe some time before 16Dec. 1478^ 
and .A-Ui^iii (a(«urinated about 1485), who 
bad married I^dy Morgane't CampbelL <)aus^ 
tprof Colin, firet earl of ArgyU, left either 
by her or another a son. Ih-nald Dubh. 
After the capture and deaib nf 8ir Alexan- 
der Macdonald of Locbalali. Iu tbe island of 
Oransay, in 1497, Donald Dubh becama Ul» 
iwcof^tsfd h«adof theclao. In his inbney 
he had beencnrriedoffby tbcEarlof Atholl 
and confined in lbecastl>^of lucbc.inncn.on 
LocJi Awe. but in InOl ho ni*de his cacapw, 
and in I .VV) beaded an iasuirsccwn, which 
it Inquired leTeral expeditioss to nuhdu*. 
Finally, bowerer.tlw iwaaderf in I505wi 
attacked br a fleet under Sir Andirw \Vc 
and RoWrt Barton and coDpletelvdefi'stcd, 
and IK>nald l>uhh beiofc nt^^iirrNi in lh» 
forlnM* of CaroiburB. near MuU. wa* a?nt a 
pnsoaer to tbe eaotle of Minbnivh, hit poa- 
aesaiona being diridvd betwean tbe Earls of 




{jU uid HiiDlly. In l&d3bea(^iDn»du 

cwjip*, and aanuned jioMCMJon of tti« 

'lovdflup wictiout opposUioD. Un ^S Jul^ 

IfrWV, throng tbe mcdiatiou of Lennox, he 

aat»R.fl Lolo on oblintton tluavowiiig all 

• aUe^iuiM to Scotland, and binding luuuelf 

to m^»t Lennox in tho sBrrice of the kinr 

of Hticl.iiid wilti n force of eis^l tliOMNnnd 

m*™ ( Cat. SiatK Paper*, Soolt.Spr. i. fi;i, and 

BKnw fully in Tttlbb, History i(f ScoUmtd, 

'ed. l^*4,m. SAt. In a«y)idonc« with this 

Lgg r xB Hi nt be on It^ Aug. pasaed over Co 

pBaoekhll^uii in Irwland, with a fleet of ItV 

Iwa, Mirying a force of four thouMnd 

i.ottier four thonund b«ing left to guard 

Ifltd. Tbe intention was that they 

^oold \m joined with on Irish forcv, iiudiT 

OMnmand of Lennox, tat au attack on 

wv»i of Scotland, but Lennox baring 

D f>njoiiied In plan* bimiutlf under ttut 

VBmA of Hertford. wIki was about to inTad« 

Bcolland from tin- ninth, tbe ire«tem exp^ 

dilion was ineanwhiii^ postponed. Dooiild 

Dubb diod not lonj; afterwards of feTer at 

_li«cU, and with hia death tbe direct 

» of tbe Lord^of tbe l»Ie«b«caRit! extinct. 

JAodlinlvek ChnniiH* ; Ryner'a Ftwtcm ; Ko- 
Sootw; AcU ParL Kcot.ToI.ii.; Rxcbtqnw 
" 'la of ScMlBad ; Hcf;. Mbk. Sig. Srot. ; Ae- 
ab of th» l>ird High Trraauivr orSeutlaad; 
|Dry'e IWaatj of the Weatem Highlands ; 
inuia'a Httloty of Iba Hacdoaalds.) 

T. i\ H. 

MACD0NALD,J01L\ (ia20?-l716n, 
^Jowwo in tbe bigbUnda at Ian Lorn, fioclic 
and warrior, bom about IQl'O. wna n 
ndant of Ian Alutnn, a chief of the 
K«ptMich branch i>f .Mai-donalda, who was 
dppOM by the clan about l-l!fr. Anaynnth 
bncxn-IlHl in trnomic saying and colloquial 
intticiimfl, whi«b haw always appc^lM lo 
Ilia eoontryiB«a, and look part m verbal 
eonbat* with profrsMional hArds. From the 
tfltbM ' Manndach * applied to him by an 
Utta^nist, it would aeein tbiil lie bad un 
impediiaeBt ia bi» «pM«h. 'Loin*(i.e.'bare'), 
hi* uaal appellatire, may po#«ibIy haw rv 
ftnoee to the direetnesa of hi^ Aatire. His 
poMDi wetv {loUlind and warlike. Uisdtt- 
■erivtiooa are rigorou*, but thi-ni U a atrcinf; 
Jot qf aaTagery in bia uartialDOtnpoflitions. 

Id IB.*!!! ibt: ptiil t.Kik iiart in a raid on 
the Canipl>elb of Itrr-nilalbanc, in TfTcnpo 
Un an on>liiitt;hl of tbein upon Locbalier. 
MardnnaldV iHidoia, Angitt Odhar, the chief 
of Knpporb, and bia own fatber , Dunald Mac 
iMitWrrc alain, and he mourned their loan 
tntvive. 

Su?h miafortuncfl drove 31aedonald In tlip 
tnda of Hootroae. and he waa •oon deep in the 
eounwlaof Alexandwr or Ab>»ter Maodonald 



'\j\. T.|,MontruM>'Ai»]vbratod lieutenant. He 
liirreaiti'd with having cent rihutfrd by bia hd- 
Tic« and his kaowledgu of the countrr to tbu 
sucoesaoftbt'Celebratrd campaign ofthe royal 
army in tbe winter ofllM'^wliirhculmiuaU'd 
in the battle of InTerloebTon L' Kt?b. 1G46-U. 
It iat nicorded that Maouonald declined lliu 

Ereasing inritalion of Aliti^tjr .Macdonald to 
B pment in the fight, and pref^Tred xo wit^ 
neaa ita pnwnns from the top of fni-crlucby 
Caatle. *It I gn along wito then to-day,' 
li« remarked with tome justice, ' and fall In 
hatlln,who will sing tliyprai*e»l<wnorrow?' 
He gave dui> recognition to his friend in hia 
' Ijntha InnerWhaidb,' altbougb no mtrntion 
tH mndr of Montroae. The ^Inrnuis of Argyll, 
who was very roughly handled in thi; vi>nH)| 
*r^ a price upon Macdunald'e head. It is 
said that tbu bard rupaiivd to Livvrarv and 
claimed tbik n-ward liiin*clf. It isi creditabla 
to Argyll that lio not only reepecU'd the 
banl'ii pt<rit(in, but tniktanl liiin with honour 
and hospitality. 

Macdoiiald paid Montros« on bis death in 
16.'iO tho tribute he a>wms to bavt! withheld 
in hiR lifetime, and in the ' Cumba' or ' La- 
ment' in his honour he is especially acvere on 
the tKSchofous and mercenary chief, Neil 
Macleod of AMynt [n. v.l. who was reported 
to bare b(.*traycd lua Ivauer. 

.Mncdonuld'vvaa 8ub««quentty abiorbed in 
local pdlitios. The suoeeaaorof Angus Odhar 
of keppoL'h, hi» uncle, Honald Ota*, wb« out- 
lawed tor hiii share in Montrose 'b war^, and 
entered the Spanish service. I*onald's two 
»ons, Alasrair and ICanald, at later dnti^ n>- 
turaed lo thu liigfalands, and were murdered 
in lti(13 after Lbeir father'it di.-ittli, in lliO in- 
torestaaf thi^jr uiicV, .\liuluir Uuidhe, tutor 
of Knppocli, fine of wbow sons waa indicted 
in IWI for the murder. Thia tngvdy pro- 
duced thv inipaiuiioHi'd ' Miirt na Oeapaich,' 
in which the bird bewails the fat« <^ his 
murdeT>?d chief*:. Mucilimnlrl lind in cnnfo* 
qucncc to fly from the v.^ngi^nnre of iho 
ttsurpinpfamilv, and took relugw in llu't'-iri- 
toryof Seaforlli. Thence- hi; pniirr-d forth in- 
vectivcaand appeals, and sought to rouse I he 
clan against the murderers. DiftAppointed 
in hi-i application lo Gl^ajrarry (then Ixird 
MBcduuell and Arow) Iw had recourse to 
Mncdounld of Sleai, as ' captain' or AMxrad 
chief of Clandonald, whom bo addrwaed in 
a subtle rtmin of fliittery (in the poem com- 
meoeing'Obhefcn h-osaich an slopdhuiun'), 
\\y order of the chief of Slcat tlir csaIIh of 
KeppochwA* burned lothe ground, and t^evea 
of tue actual murderers w»re slain in their 
beds. The poet bad tho »Alii«fnction of lajiuff 
tbeir hvada beforv Ultingnrrr, and the place 
at which tbe ghastly trophiea wero washed. 



i 



Tnbnr-nnn-ceana, is atUl marked hj a etona 
and iuscription. 

At. rhv liejit^rfltmn, nn (>Tent which Mnc- 
donald hailed in joyful strains, he received 
a SDiiill |K'riftioii from fovcnimcnt. and tliiin 
bi>c»iiii' Jiidti^'nilcnt of thtf liosiility uf liis 
cliii-t', wliuhLiectwdedinretAlniug his position. 
Ill ]Gr'8 tbu acL'uasion of Willijim uiid Mury 
«Yok«d a sittire (in vrhich lie cniii[nit»'S tlie 
king to Absttlom), find t!iH rising under 
Itiind-.'w founit bjm a v.i\\\t\^ piirtiMU. 

H<! was prosf-nt ar. Kiliii>rrniil(i.^, mid wIp- 
hrated tho triumph nf tba bighlacidrrs. In 
his p<ni>m of ' Hinrnry,' as the Iwittly wn* 
cnlli'd iti til" norrli, hit ^t^j* nn nrcouut nf 
iiw death of Clayerhouse, which differs from 
thtf ordinury vprsion, Pundw. li(? twiys, was 
shot in the pi-Uis Ht lh« comuitnceiavcit rif 
the action, and Mb bodv atrippL-d and left 
on thi' tjtfld. Ttiu kurd iirvd lij an L-xin-nit.- 
fiU! iigH, Biid WHS biiriml at Tomain^ril, in 
Brii«-L'jchiiher. The dute of his dt'iith is 
iiNiiiilEy ri>ri.TTfi! tn 1710; Iiul if the rh'g'y 
ora AliiRl-air Duhh Macdoiiell of (Jlpnparrv, 
who fought at Hheriffnmir (niolihe nphtly 
atlributud to him, hL' must hn%*i! survived 
Killiwrankib twenty-five years, 

As a poet he exctillrd in mnrtial odes, in 
Mtin.-, uud ill polmuice. Hv liii» not ilio 
1 omh^r ntif fis of Aioxaiider Macdonald { I "OOf- 
Y't^'f) [ij. v-l (jrof I)itn:!U]i I((\ii MiiMntvrK 

; llii* I 
biting hind : 

CruiuiiLlacfa, craaidh, agairteil. 

rRcitl"* Uibliol.hiva Scoti>-Cpltifla ; Maeknti' 
tivn Hi*i, of thu Mjiclonidtln : the Rffv, A. Sin- 
elnir in f'*ltic Mng. i-ol. r. No. 61.] J. M. C. 

MACDONALD, JOHN' (Ji. 177 fi\gPTi- 
tlemau'e Beniint, bura in 1741 in the parish 
of Unnihnrt, IiiVL-mefls-sluro, was mn of a 
catlli.'-deiLler, who, joiuing the rebe!« in L7 15, 
wns killod at Ciillod(!n, and lefl. his family in 
bi-ffpiiry. AfiLT a youth spent in a varii-iy 
(if vajTHboud <iccupati'pnH, John h]iowi?d au 
nttrHi'liA'c) pLrKniialily, 1x-came ii Ri'nlli^ninn'ii 
servniit ,nnd iHjiin arhii^vRcl an itn<-nviii)ilt' nn- 
CnritfryasIteauMacdonald. In iriif*,t.hrnuch 
the kind officesof a fellow-cnuntrymun. Wil- 
liam Royd, wfrviint to David lliimi.', Im iit)- 
taini^d a pWi> under n Colnnf>I Dow, an inti- 
mate friend of J'lmeaMacphersnii.wiih whom 
lip spmil N..\vnd years at Bombay. He mib- 
sp<juenlly trav»?ilednver Karope and AMa with 
his (Mnploycrii until 177^, wLon bo married 
and witled down nt Toledo. Ilia 'Travida 
in Various Parte.' written by himself, was 
pubtiiflifd in London in. 1700. Acfnrding 
to thin fJWv namitive, .Maetinniild, whiln in 
Londuit with hie master, Mr. Crawfard of 
£ltTnl, wu wnt to inquire afltir tUu htalUi of 



(fi. v.] lli* Oaelic is emphationlly nf the 
bitini 



Laurence Sterne, and found the novclirt on 
hit dfnlhl)«d. He i^laiina t^ liavfi been 
among the first to wallt in London with an 
umbrclla. 
LMacdQDaM's TmvvU, 1790.] J. H. M. 

MACDONALD, JOU^J (1727-1779), 
Scuitidb catholic nn-lalc. nephew, by bu 
lUDthur, to ^idhop llugb Ma«lonald [(]'V.]i 
was born in Ar^'ll§hiru iu 17-7. lie en- 
U-TKil t^u Seot« Culhj'f] at Koiue in 1743, 
Biid wa* there ordained priest iu !75L*. Ilfr- 
lumia^ to f^cotlnnd in lifiS, hu ofhciatod as 
missionary, Grst in Lochabi'i*, and ihim in 
thi- i).l«iul of .S^mtii I.'iH. In January 1761 
the Prcniaganda appuiuted him coadjutor to 
hie imcli.', and bo v.-u» ciin*i'('rntr>d at Prea- 
bomi^ on 27 Sept. of thu name year to the sea 
of Tiberiopolie(Sfruu]i1i!a),i«/)nrft'fiiun'n/W^ 
limn. Oa Bii>1iop IInf;h Nracdonald'» d«ath in 
I77'l, hfl tiicceeded him a» vicar apostolic of 
the hiffbland district of Scotland. Ho died 
on y Sliiy 177S, Qiid wii« nuccfeded iu the 
vicariatt; ajiofttiilic by .\lexander Uacdonald. 

^radjr's EplseDpal BuiTcoesioQ, ill. -160; Lou- 
don anil Dublin WcckljOrtliodoiJonmal. 1837. 
17. 81 ; Siothort'a Catholic JUJHion in Scotland, 
pp. 12, IJfl.] T. C. 

MACDONALD,SiRjon\tl782 1830), 
liouteuiiut-c'olouid ll.E.l.CS,, travolier and 
dipbimiilisl. [See KiNXEIR.j 

MACDONALD, JOHN (I75»-I831), 

lii.'uleniint-<okjjjelaiuti]iililjiry engineer, born 
at I'^odigarry, ieb of r*kve, 30 Oct. 17&9, 
wan young'iut «itn nf Allan Macdonald of 
Kin|[abnr^h, afterwards acaptain Wtli royal 
highljind emiitnmts, by his wife Flora Mao 
donald fq. v.], tb« Jncohiti? iK'niine. He was 
sent to the grammar school at Portnt?, and 
afterwards to tbt hi^h achocil, Kdinhiir^b, 
nnd in 171^0 cibiaiiu'd an Indian radetahip. 
lie was [tostod to the l^ombay infauiiy, but 
wae tmn»f<'rred Id lhDunf^ni>L-n>, a^knuwinff 
fliiTni'llmi)^ alHiut furt iliiration. The pay and 
allowancea were eo miserable that young 
Mnedonuld obtiiini'd hiav* of ab*encw to Cal- 
cnlTa in 17S:J, intending never to return. 
Through tbn eood ollices of a relativt! he was 
anpninted en^iRTi Bengal eiipnerre 211 April 
l/.s.^ iind war" ^*'nt to thii company's settle- 
ni'>nt at Hencoolen, Sumatra. A surxTV of 
the Dutch Bcttlcmeni* about to be restored 
to lloUand, which be carried out under groat 
ditticnlties owing to ill-health and the bad- 
ncBs of ihu eciuon, lud to hJs U'ing noted by 
the trove niiKi' lit an 'a young olhcer of great 
tnent iind hiRbly dreerving of encounigs- 
mcnt.' In 17R<1 bt' was ordrred to Peitaug, 
to mirvev ibst aettlement, just taken over 
from the Icing ofQu»dah,but finding Captain 



Macdonald 



4» 



Macdonald 



(aft^Ttmrdn Gentntl) AlexAnder Eyd {see 
under Ktd, Kobexi^ «agaged od that dutj, 
. bo went OD to C>Iciitt«, aii'l wm itcnt bikck to 
[ SnauUn at miUtu-j and ciril eoffiiieer, with 
' the local imok of captain and the eommuid 
of ilie RJtiUui^. He became tint Ueui^oaut 
16II(«.1794. He rematnedinSumAtrauiitil 
1706. when, after aeTOita&o Tears' Iiidinn mt' 
TiCfl, be obtainwl eiek leare iiomf. >V'hon in 
Somatra he made many maris and charts, 
wbtch BR now in tlii; Britieh .Muwjutn, a« wpII 
a« numeroaa obserrations od tJie variaiJon of 
the magaeiic needle. These obaervai ions he 
npoatvaat St.B«lena,wh4>i« themuftll Kirn^ 
rietn tmmI in which be bad ttiVvn bin ihiuoage 
I remaiavd #ev«ral months. Theobwrva- 
Iciontfwerecaromumratcd to 8irJasoph Banks 
Uroniiiae to linio,aud ^\-n attvrvmiiKjpab- 
^liahcd in the' Philosophical Maictuttne.' With 
ipemiaioa of th<.< £a«t India L'utn^itiuy, ho 
SDecaaiaeominandnnLnriLernval Kilmtitir^li 
PwDlnnteerAitillm'tS corps of pUmnumformud 
from the g«itl«in>-n of ^dinlnirgh, for whom 
iif wrote an aniUorv mnnnal and detnaed a 
pike eiemae. At tav expiration of hi» fur- 
Icw^h h«retirt<d on half-pAy, -SO Jtily 1800, 
r bnnna previoiulv, in 179(1, become major in 
Lard Macdonald* western fpnciWes, or regi- 
ment of th'.' i>hi<. In June liKX) he was 
tnade lieut/-rianl-colonpl of the roxal Clan 
AJpiaefencible infantry, with whichiii'Mjm'd 
I in Ireland until it wil* iliHlutmlKil in IHOl. 
Dnrinflh<'penr#nf Amiens herisited France: 
ind be iubsvqupntly piibltahed Lranslaltoiut 
^Of •mral Frwnch mHitnry works. Mr. Pitt 
VlMTtog choseo him aa a Beld-oHicer for his 
team of Cinque porta volunlwr*, ^^n^<1onnld 
I looli uplii:< n-i^idi*Dce at Dover, and kioii after 
^madip a rt«onnai»aaiice in an open bout of thfi 
■lions for invasion at Ik>ii1o^e. After 
ilt'a death tlir Cinijue porta volunteers dt»- 
', and Macdnnald'' i>4rn'ices bcin^ no 
'nevded hi* n?nKni-4l to Kxf'tt^, wh»rw 
be waa well known for hia charitable works. 
Be deroted much time and pains to the im> 

Comaent of naral and miiirarr telefraphn, 
• aerVKes being acknowledge fa; ma ad- 
ImiraltT and theliorse guard*, but never rc- 
liranl<^. IIedi(>d at bi«fc«idroce,Southem- 
[bsy l*lace, Exeter, t<t Aug. 18S1, and was 
Lboried ia Elxeter Cathedral nnder tbn math 
lower. Macdonald murrii-d, tint, ihi-wiilow 
of L.. IV^ie.a Iteof^ civil servant, hv whom 
had twij children — shu died in India ; fc- 
lodly.afliTliisr-txinilii'imi-. l-'mncis Maria, 
BldeBtdaapht>*rof.SirltobertChiimbcni[ti.v.J, 
[chifff jiiBt i<-e of Ileninili by whom Ii« had »eveii 
and two dauf^blrnt. 
Jlaoloaald, wbo was made F.R.S. in 1K)0, 
~ waa one of the original mcmhi-n of the 
Aaiaiic Society, was a very prolitic writer. 



AmonfT his uTitinga, hf.^idc« ' The Esp»> 
rii'iiceo Otbcer,' London, 1U04, a tmnslation 
of the I'ru&siiLD general Wimptfen'a leltera to 
hia sons, and tranilauowi of Mvcntl French 
trt-alisea on infantry tactica, may 1m men- 
tioned : 1. * Three Natural Prwdncta of 
Siimatra^-Oamphor, Com], and Cupper,' in 
'AsiBlie[leseBidieB,'17dd, iv.lU-a't. 3. 'On 
thft l)iM;f>very of the North- West Mu^etic 
Pole,' and on the 'North-West Slagnetio 
Pole,' in Tilloeh'e ' Pbilosopbical Magazine,* 
Tola. viii. IxTii. 3. 't}n the Oftfcm and 
Principle of Sovereign Power, by a Digni- 
larv of the Church, tninBlated from the 
French,' 1 808, 4. * A New System of Tele- 
irraphy,' 1^17. 5. • Experiroents with Ma- 
chine-driven FusM fiirTime Signals,' 1810. 
0. 'Short Aru^imuuta and Fads, showing 
that the Ciriliaation and I'Mucutton of thtt 
Nntivt-e of India are the surest meims of 
upholding thi' Ktability of oiirOrii'iitttl Em- 
pire,' Loudon, 1820. f. 'A Trealis.' on Har- 
motiii'-X, b'inutliM Tlu'fvrj'and Pnictioeof the 
Violonceltf), 182:?. In latter years he sen C 
frorgucnl: contributions to the ' Uentlemaii's 
Magazine ' (of. 18.^, pt. i. p. 86). 

[Mem»ir of Liemcnnnt-coloni^t John Mac- 
dnniilil. London. 1832, 1'irao; Antuliiofp^phy of 
tloni MuMJuualii, edited !<}' her ([tbii'I -daughter, 
F. F. "Wvlde (London, 1870); ChambMi'* Emi- 
noBt ycotitneii. vul. iij,; MiIm aitd DowdnrwDll's 
Inilian Army Lima: Oeut. >tDk'-lS32, pt.i. pp.SA 
(ISO) Brit. Hoa. CfttaloguM I'niiied ItooliN and 
Maps : Hoy, Sue. Cut. Scieot. Paper*.] H. W. C. 

MACDONALD, JOHN 0'"9 If^O). 
called 'Thti .Apostle of the North,' bom at 
Reay,CaithneAH,on 12 Nov. 1779, was second 
Bou of James Macdonald (1735-1880) by 
hia second wife, a dnuj^hlcr of John Mackay. 
Qewaaeducaled at thu' parish school of Keuy, 
and showing un^isual capacily wtm employed 
by neighbouring famurH to hvlp thcui with 
iheir accounts, .Mr.>i. Iuu<?!< of l^undiude, 
Caithness, ohloinod fnr him a bursary at 
King's Cullpgr, AbtrdpiT, whi-n.- hti gradu- 
ated M. A. ."W Marrh 1801. n<> was licenaed 
tojin.-ncli by the prtebytuTT of Caithness 
2 July ISOTi, and in ScpN-inber, at t1i.> rft* 
quuBt of 8ir John Sinclair, he atarlt-d for ■ 
limg expedition in the north-west high- 
lands to aearch for D^innie traditions among 
the pessante. He reiurnt^d in November, 
nrrvL-d as a missionary,- at Achreny and Ilal- 
lailale for six months, and 10 Sept. l8(M(waa 
ordained missionary-mini!) ter at Be-rri^daU>. 
"n 1^9 Jan. 1807 hu btfanie minister at 
Kdinburgh of the (liiflit- C"1ia[>el, which 
WBH suppt>rted bv the Society in Scotland 
for Pmmiiting Christian Knowledge. Uis 
fame aa a. preacher ^read : be n^ad hard and 
met literary Scotamen at Sir John Sinciaii't 



■ 



lioiue. On 1 Sept. 1313 h^ i^ns (immoteil 
to the charge of I'ltinlinrt, l .iilit, -.in ib« 
gift pf DuDi:an George Porbi..- i>l i nilodt.'fl. 
TIiA pAiish WM to tretl ordered by his pre- 
decessor, Charles Caldwell, that he felt bo 
could safirlT leaTe it and trnvut nt n tnift- 
eiuiuiry in thu nvij^^hlxiuriiood. Fruoi IHIS 
to IHIri lie wauderr-d up aiid down liosa aod 
CiLitbucsR, wh^tre moat of iho miiiifiU-re pur- 
furmfd their dutii% very jHTluri 1:1 only and 
rMfiilfd lua inlnisinn. Ctn ^ Miiy l»ld a 
declaration was iseii'cd \>y tfii,* gyniTal hh- 
gfCTilily which, without mt^iit inning liU name, 
coiidhiiitii-d hJA prncticcn. In li't'22 and LH^4 
he cmtdiict^ mnny serviceH in tli» iiihmd 
of St. Kildu. .\ft(;n\'ard*, hr prt^aching in 
Tarious porta ol' ScotUnd, he ruLsed enonRh 
monf^T to keep n minister there, and inlro- 
diii'ii'il him tu the isluidi;r» in 1^30- I'art of 
lyy;( he passed iu I^ondon, having heen 
Qsliud to ];ruuch for iho London MiMiotinry 
tiiXM'ty. Ht! nifil. Sjinim:! Wilberfnrce, and 
in hie diary Bpoke of his vi&iC; as n 'Beoaon 
of religidiis cfiiwipation.' In IK2i, at the 
request of Robi'rt Ifaly [n.v.], rectnr of 
I'owerscoiirt and afterward a bis bopofC**hrl, 
ho visitL'd IrL'Iand, tnannfin? I0 adnpt his 
Oaeiic i^ufficieiitly for the Irish peasants 
to understand liim. lEeoftcuwent to Editi- 
hur^h utid GIits|j:uw for the ui>m»iiuiion9, but 
htK iriiluPHCo was ffrflatpst in th« north. Ho 
was cri»attid l),T>. m 1p42 by tho uiiivwwity 
of N(-w Vtirk. In lilt di!<ruplii)[i liw ji lined 
thB secesflion party, n.nd was duclaivd no 
]unp*r a tnitiisttT of ihf iirk on 24 May 
lSi;t. Very many tinrthem niiutstera fol- 
lowtJ bis example. He died at I niuhart, 
m April ltil9. iris portraiK is in Kay's 
' i:^ditibiir^h Portrailii.' lie married, lirst, in 
1800 GtorKina Ross of Gladtield, who dic-d 
18 Aiip. IflU; 8LT0iidIy.il Miiv iHltt, Janet, 
(■lJ"-.-t dauj;hli*r ijf Kontietb Maek<'n/ie of 
Mdllxink. Il'j had tliriu! childr<^-n by Win ttnl 
wife, and lu-vcn by his xecond, uiit* (tf whom, 
Duiw^fin nporpi> Forb«i!«, is separntcly not iced. 
Macdonald'G dian^- of his visits U> i^t. Hilda 
w«« ptiblisbfd. KdiiiburKh, \KH\ with b«t- 
mona preached before the Society in Scot- 
land for Promoting Christian KnowlpdKt*. 
IIo wratc- vnrsoe in (inolic, and piihlished a 
volume of them in ISJy, In 1SJ7 bs cor- 
rected an (Mbtion in Gaelic of 'lEiiman 
Ji'alurw in lie I'ourfold iCstato,' by Thomas 
Boston the elder [<|. v.] 

[BioifTaph'w bv Kennedy and MacOrpgor; 
fleolfs I'n»lL ElvI.'SmI. v. 3M4 ] W. A. 3. A. 

MACDONALD. Sir JOHN (d. IWIO), 
adjutant'f^cnciiral at thi.' horac ffuaro*, n con- 
nuction of Flora .Mncdonuld [q. v.], the 
Jacobite heroine, entered tho army \S> April 



17i)o, a* eiisi^ 89ch foot, nnd. i>ecain>< li«u» 
tenant in the refrimenc '2 F^b. )70ti, and 
captain S2 Oct. H*02. He was made a major 
nnatrached 2H Feb. 18(15, lit;ut#n«nt-coloiiel 
on half-pav of tho Ist irarrison baltalion 
17 March IH(J8, brevet-«ofonel 4 June 181^ 
maior^itDenil ISHo, and litiutcnant-gcnenl 
I«38. He served witi the «yth in th«- Irish 
rebellion in 17DM, and afterward)^ in Miuurca. 
at Meimina, and at thv bW-lcadt- of Mnlia nn<l 
coptureof\'alettainl7&0-]S0U,aBd throueh- 
(jut. tliii campai^ iu KffTpt in iMOi. IVib 
qualiticalionii fw tho Mm^wcto e*rly rvTrtg- 
Di!=«d, and in the strict and temper-triin^ 
school of Lord Cathcart [w^ CATiirAKT. 
SiH ■\Vir,i.iAM Sciuw, Kaki. OatiicabtJ 
bt' aciuired I hi* tact and accuracy that madv 
him one of the best military swretariM 
of hi^ day. Hf was bri(i;adt-niajor to Lord 
Cathcart in thf homo district in lW)5. and. 
military N^cruLary when Calhctut was ii 
command of tiw king's Oerman legion ai 
separate armv, in fiwedish Pomcnuua (islu 
of Hu|;en), m 160^7; and suhttpqufntlv 
duringtheexpedttiotktiOCopenhagenin li*tyt. 
He was deptity adjutanb^eneral to Sir John 
Hope [see Hope, Jobs, fourth Habi. ok 
HomTotTW] at Walcheren; and bebl tit* 
same jiost with Liieutpnnnt-ijpnrral Thomas 
(irnbaia [r-u Ctrahasi, Thomas, Lokp Lynb- 
Docil] at CadiK and at the battle of Darosaa 
(j^dd modal). He was military Mcrotary to 
ht!t inlimnto friend Sir John IIojm- (Ijord 
Tlopecoun) when commandBr-in-cbief in 
Irclnnd in ISl;*,oinbfirk<-d with him at ('ork 
for thfl IVninsiila, and wtis his nssistant 
adjutant-genera] with the left winp of W<>1- 
liiigton's army in the South of Fninre dnrinf; 
tho oampaigVB of l^l.t-lJ. including the 
hatlles onthu Nire.it-I:) Nov, l(<1.3.hndt.ho 
opLTaliiina a^iiint Hayonnii in ISU. When 
H<>pi> WHK wniiiidmi and iiJi(-n prison it by 
the French sortie of 14 April 1 81 -I, Mac- 
doniild obtaini'd b-n*i' U.i Knti^r llayonne to 
miTsft his wmind'^d friend. 

Macdonald {whose name is spr-lled 
M'Donuld in earlii-r nrmv lints) was deputy 
HdjulanI-)i:etLeral ut the liorse coartls iind»-r 
the Itukes of York and Wvllinj^rin from 
I8i'(l to iHSa, Ilf wn« npjiointi'd adjiilant- 
tfeneral:i7 July lyiH), and ln-Ul ilii> post undor 
Ixird Hill and the Ihilio of Widlinfrton 
until luM ctuuth. 'Hu did nut exercise his 
power— and at one time it wiis almoRt nnli- 
mitt'd over tho army — as a mere mm-hino 
, . . Itis ofiicial ddiin^aiinur was courtcoua 
and kind, and bis sincerity and ctuidour were 
seldritn found to bordirr oil nbrnplnesa or 
rouf^hness, and nevor on nidi^neje or insult ' 
(iVnr. flwrf .1///. (insette, 8l) March 1S.W, 
p. 200), Macdon&Iilwas an exceU&nt uiuute 



wnt»r. "tirf mi-wit of liie nblwt. |xip«»r» that 
iuued iTom (!»■ hrtrsi' punrds dtinng hia acr- 
«k» Lbt;r« were underslood to be from bi» 
MB (cf. WeUinfffvH C<trrt*}niulrwr,x\\\. 63). 
MaooonftLii v%a u&d<; C.H. 1 Junv 1815, 
K,CJi. in ItilV, G.LUt. iu 1847. Ho wiw 
Bppaintcd culuuvl of tLv tf7cli foot, of B&ro«:Ha 
f«mr, hi iHiri, Kn<] coIohhI of tbM 4:Jral rtival 
hiphlandera 15 March 1844. Ho died at W& 
iVMdvnc, Ttntlon Htrv«l, l>.)nd<jn, '2i!i Mitn'K 
IBM, and iru biiriiMl At KfirtSAl (ir<^n. A 
broctivr, LieateosQl-fivneral Alexander Mnc- 
donnld, C.B., royal nrtillcrr, died in INVI. 
MMcdooAld marritKl a daughter of Cltnrli-ii 
Graham of WiUianufield, Jamaica, br nboin 
kff \k(\. umuc. 

rHort'i Am; Liita ; Xar. and Jlli). Oiixelto. 
aoMoieh lUO.tw. IB9-200; Andcrson'sSi-otliRb 
Nation, ii. 7S«J H. M. C. 

KACDONALD, JOITN. D.D, fisif»- 
1880), Scottish embolic i>rebii«, ten of Wil- 
liam Mardonald and Harriet I-'ntMr hi« wife, 
was bcni at ><triitliiila««, InvvniCM-ebirv, on 
!*JnIyI*-l«. From leaoto 1837 he wasat the 
^>u H-miuarr ut lUtJsboti. In 1837 hL' ca- 
tered theS;(»ri r.ill.-t.;«l Konu'. In 1840he 
returned to Scwlami, and in tlie following 
jror hp xmn, nrdainf-d priest. 1I« nerrecl in 
■erenl mutMonx, und irorn \^>6 to I^S ho 
wBa cbapUiii to Lord Lovat at l^kudale iu 
IjOWffr Strn thglsM. In XoTembtr 1 Kivs hi- wi« 
•|ipoInted coadjutor (o IJr. Jatues Francis 
Kjle[q. vj, ricui-apo«tolic of the iiortht-m 
dtttrict of t^eotlond. Ho ttox i.'»iiH>_iialfd ul 
Aberdeen 24 F^b. 1^410 by t)m title of [ILibop 
of XicopoUa. As Bishop Kyle die<I on the 
Amj pntvirtuA to thin consecrat ion, .Miicilaiiuld 
encrr-ej!rd itnniHliatelj To the virariate. In 
' - - -1 the catholic hierarchy wa« re- 

> 1 in Scotland br \,tn Xltl. lie was 

I riiik-laivxi lo the restored aioe«fle of AbErdeen. 
H<- diod At Aberdeen on 4 Feb. 1689. 

[Bradr'a Episrafial dncaasion. iii. 476 ; Tiiim, 
& Vrb. 1889, p. 6, mL S; C'«tJK>lic Dimctnrv, 
1»92. p. ti ; Tablot. 9 Fvb. 1889. p. 221. IS Fob. 
^ W2.] T. C. 

MACDONALD. Sir JOHN ALFX- 

ANllKi: (iHl.'i-lMll), tho orpiniacrof tlie 
donunioQ of Caaada, tra.i bom iii fieorge 
8U«»t.OI>»^iw,on llJan. lUtln. Hisfmber 
WMA Hupb Mmrilonald. who eami"! from I»or- 
Docb in SiitliHTlandsbire, and who removed 
lb ail bi^ family in It^^ to Canulo. and 
■tied si Kiaflviou. At tbo age of ten Mac- 
was piiieed at the Royal firamniflf 
SabDoi in Kiur>^ion. and im said to have dii;- 
tittftuiabeilbinwvirihrTe in niatbeinal i(-ji, but 
ool in dsiHCA. When he vt» about fifteen 
his bttlu!rappn<n tired bini in a law^-er's nflioT, 
■Oil be vpcnl tix years in the study of law. 



Befoni h» was twenty-one he come up for 
ndmiiisioa to the bar, nnd he u*«d oAerwards 
to tell jocularly how be persuaded hia fuiber 
that he won of full agi>, afrlioiich be v.V' some 
months ehort of it. lie wiia admitted Ut the 
bar in 18S6, and bt^an practice at Kingston. 
At th«< cIo«e of 183^ Iiu iimdi} a f^nut local 
reputation by hi* inKriniuti* Iboiigti luinuo 
c«.'»4fiil defL•nc4^ of ono Shoullz, an American 
l*<ile, ulio i\ni\ iiLvodttd Contiiln ot the hi.«d 
of iL rabble during the ' ftipinftan-Marienrio 
ItfU-lUon,' For the nest abt years Moc- 
dorialil's ofHcn wn» ono of the biiMeNt and 
mast pmsjHiroMi^ in Canada. 

In 1844 Macdoitald was elected inember 
for KingiDton to the House of AsMmUy. 
The bouse had been created in 1641 a*> part 
of It scheme of self-government which should 
unite the two C'uiiudu)^. Upp-T and Lower, 
now called rospeclive-lyTimmlo and l^iiebec; 
nndultbuu^b the Utierproi'ince for exceeded 
the I'liriner in piimlalion, both wnt up an 
i^juiil number of repreapniatives, a fruitful 
fourc^ of diiicontent to the Frwocli dwellers 
in the Inwer nroTince. In 181 1 tbi> con- 
srni-at ives held office, and Mncdonnld wa* 
rpiumed in tlii-irintcrvst. His conservatism 
was ai the time of an uncomproui iHinj; type. 
Iu ODfi of hiA earliest 8pe«chea he denounced 
a meosuie for the abolition of primofreuituru, 
on the ground that ouch & propoul oii^fbt 
not to hu introduced in Canada, for theveiy 
rt?a«on tluit it wh>> ailnplml in tlm rnitiid 
States, and that it violated the laws of poli- 
tical ticonomy. Mncciunald very quirkly 
aroused attention in rbf^ hoii.<)e by his vehe* 
ment energy, combined with remarkable 
powers of sudf-rMtraint. In 1847, wbi.n bo 
was only thirty-two, Mr. Draper, iho prime 
minister, conferred on him the cabinet posi- 
tion of remver-ponorol.and MJon traiieftnvJ 
bim to that of cdminiiwitiner furcninnlnniU, 
tht' mom imi>ortant position in the public ser^ 
vio«. Wliib.' holding; this ollicv Macdonnld 
effected soma memorable refomifl, but the 
(TPneralrleciion in the autumn of 11*18 drovo 
him nndhisfrllftw-oonservaiivi's from power. 
By his activity during the Scree electoral 
stra^le, and by the fpJIantrr with which 
he mtt defeat. Mncdonald ma«Ie himwlf Iho 
foremost man in hi» party. During the six 
yi^ore (l»y8-ftJ) that the reformers remained 
'in power [see HiscKs. Sm FhascisI Muc- 
donahl (wtio apiin repreitented Kingstnu} 
proved tlK' mu\int;»pirituf Ihecur^ertalirest 
allhciuffh tbey wert> mmiinally bnJ by .Sir 
-Vllau SlacNab [q.T.j.ariolent, old-fashioned 
torv. MlicNiib (Uion bi.'enme jeniniin nf .>[nc- 
doDold'a inthi>?nci-,hui Marfii>nald condiirccd 
htmselfwitli loyally and tact in bix relaliuiis 
with his pAtty, while ho lost no i^ponuniiy 



Macdonald 



44 



Macdonald 



I 



of uiniio^ hie powers of invectiTo against tho 
government, which he iaeidted was 'Ifliiilt-d 
wilh eorni|jlbii, cwlloc lively nud imliviJu- 
alljr, bulh in Uwir public ami umate clia- 
ractcrs.' * It was timi',' Iid Joclarod, bufcirc 
tlifi iliKmciIuti'in f){ tilt* hiiiiiin In ISTrJ, 'that 
an end slinuM he put t-o this pyetaro of cor- 
ruption, which wa» disBmcitnf Cnnruln iirn™ 
than any colnnv wliirh (>n?At IMtaiii hn.d 
ever Imd under her n ing.' 

The coti»«>n-iit.U-(4 Tfturnwl to office af^er 
the «h;ctum in 18M, nnJ iht' MocNab-Morin 
uiiuiHtry wii§ fonaed, in which MflcNal> wrtj 
premier. A.N.Moriii of Lower Cn tit idft was 
couiirjissioiior for crown Uitds. Miicilnjmld 
(,uul( for th* first of mftnv tinits tho office of 
aliunii'v-p-'nt-ruL furCuimda Wi'st. In l!*5t> 
Wiu-Niili wiw siicoieded ua premier hv Colo- 
nel (nt'lcrwardii Sir Ktiemn-O Tnfhc, but 
Miicchinnlil, who ihi-n iH-ciiinf (Im Ii'ihEi.t «"f 
tJie lloiiiti) of Asaembjy, was the real Icadtir 
of \\i<f conwrvatLTe party from that dai'.' till 
his df/ilb, ihirlj'-five years lulfr. In 18/)7, 
oniJ'j Nov., CuloaelTache reBipied. On the 
foliowinu diiy the govomor-penenil directed 
filucJi^imld li> form n ininim ry. Tnchtf's port- 
folio wna omfi-rred on QeorR-P (nftprwards 
Sir Ot'or^e") EtiL-nni) Corlipr, who lud tho ri.- 
|>rcwutiLtivi'» (if Lower Cuniida. No other 
ohnni^ta was made in tha adminiBtniliun. 
MotJonald altnoH iniowwliali'ly didsolvt'd 
pnrlinuinit. Ilift parry ohtaineil a majoritv 
at tli« polls, and the n«w pnrliainent openi'd 
wliileho wotKlitl pn-mii-r (NoTerabt-r 1857). 
.Macdonald found hh tuoat ptT^idtcnl op- 
poni^n! in (.it>orRti Ilrowii, tho leadur of an 
oxtromu soctioii of rudiculc linown aa ' Clear 
OritH.' To lihernlf and eoiii(8rvalive§ itruwn 
wai> (X|tiully liostilo. Early in Ih^jS .Mac- 
doTitild intrudiiei'ti ii nirnHiint fur m-lectiiin u 
pcrmnnpnl i-apilal for ('atiada. and Brown 
WHS HO ollt'usivfl in his opposition that .Mix— 
donald TtiM his nbirtniftiva cmidnrt hy ret- 
aignin]; office. Brown failed to form a minis- 
try, aud after an abscnCii of eight ttnys tin? 
conw-Tvai iv(« rctunied lo ofBcc. A decisWo 
blow WHS thnastmrk at th'i^'C^ear Grits,' 
For nnn«Hi^L-d remfonn. but probably from 
a di'firo to concilidli; the t'rvneliof Lowi.'r 
Ciinjidift, Mai-donabl,ftfIi'r hi.i iiarty's victory 
aver Brown, nxtumt'd his old poaitiou of 
^ltto^nl1y-^■l'1lt'r(ll for riiiiii<!it Wi-iil. while 
Cartior bi^camo premifr. In If'-'iO, in apite 
of bitt»:rnpp<iftitinn from thfl lowerprovinci', 
Oliawn filially hpcarii^'thi^rapitnl city. NfiXt 
year Macdonald helped to entertain t be Princp 
of Wftlw on hi* visit to Onnada. 

In l^tl Lord Monck unnie to Canada as 
viecrOT. At the time the conscrvativp Car- 
tii'r->tacOoiiald iiiiiiisirv waH fiUlinfi;, but 
Macdonald ia aoid to iiave been 'nat Ic«a 



coti- 



buity holding* hii owa party together than 
putting his opponents into hot wat«r amon;; 
tbcinsclvus.' In l^:2,wlitin thu civil war was 
raging in the Uniind Siate.i, mid threaten- 
ing an invasion of Canndn, Ma<?donalJ in- 
trodurhd a Milittit Hill, providing for \h» 
defence of the colony. It was rejected ftotn 
fear of expense, but it gavt' to Macdonald in 
Kngland a ri^utation for loyalty which hia 
snbfiequent career fully coutirmed. Public 
education, the status of tho Itcinau catholic 
church ill Lower Canada, and the future of 
tho vast extent of crown lunda in the north- 
west wore the quMlion» that chicHy occupied 
tbt'«tt«iitiorioitheC,'artiL-r->[acdMi«ild minis- 
try, but Macdonald was aiaoup the first to 
insist on the nvccgsity of rtvtfing the coti- 
stitiitlon of 1841. Torontrt had now twic* 
the population of Quubec. but both 
tiiixii>d to Mi^nd nn ciiuiil iiumbi'r of ntpr ww tt- 
liitJvPB to the House of .\*ieuib]y, and the 
nijnititries were still formed on the awkwani 
pkn of adtnittitig forcverj- momher from the 
npper province a repreaentative from the 
lower. Moreover, the two provincM witp 

firotfticoUy fcparated Ijy dift'orent modes of 
ocal goveniment. In liuebec the principlra 
of fuudality and Itoiaan catholic predomi- 
nance wert) still riT«^ni«'d, and ihi-rc were 
no tneana of uniting the two province* in 
caso of invnaton by America. A union of 
thn two Oanndrss was nhiolntelv needful in 
Macdonald's opinion. The rnificjil (ittirgw 
Brown, in his newinutper. 'The (i lobe,' by 
clamourLnff for repreiieiilatLon by populaliou, 
was soon found to be tightiuj^ part of Mac- 
donald'a battle. 

The Cartier-Mncdonald niiuiatry remained 
in powtir until 18(52. wbni n wualc liberal 
aduiiniHlratiun waa fiirnii'd, under the leade^- 
fthiii of John Snndfield Macdonald (1812- 
18/4). But in IftftJ the i-onwrvnlivfj* r**- 
tnrned In power, with Tnche as premier, and 
Macdonald, the real leader, in hi-i old position 
of ftttorm-v-gon^rul for Can n da WcM. 

Tb(! federation movement led by Ma^ 
donald bi^^jan in fidl earnest at lIicHlinc titno. 
George Brown was admitted inio the ad- 
miuiBinilimi iih pn'^idi'nl of the council. The 
little maritime pronnces nlonp the t-ast of 
British Ainoncn, which wcru wholly inde- 
peiukiit of ('uiintia, had long been contcm- 
platitig some eort of stwraie union uinoofr 
thi'mM!h-e«, and in 18IU ihit IcgiHtalures of 
Nova Scotia, of X(>w Unin-^wick, and of 
I*riiic(' Kdwiird Island Bullmriwd dclrt^t«« 
to nicit in Scplemher at t'hai'lotfetown, tha 
capital of IViiice Kdward IsUitd, in order tO 
di^UKS the question. >lacdonald saw higop- 

S}rtunity, and although unauthorised by the 
unadion legislature, he throat himself, witb 



J 



OmX 



Brown, Cuti«r, &nd others of his OQtl««^ps, 
into th« confrn-ncfl m ChartnttrwwiJ. Thft 
Cuudiu) minMt«rs wen allowt.><I to join in 
tbe ditcaaaioD, «ad Tigorotulj- availed theni- 
•dm of the eourt««y. * Oo ou with your 
fi-"!-r)iiion,' said MModonsId ia Hfleet, * but 
includo Cuuda in tbf> plan.' One of thu 
iaLuidwn Botd «fti-rwnn!M : ' Tli» (^anadisiiii 
rtmnmdrd apon ua, and before they wera 
three daja atnon^ u;*, w« fargot otir own 
•chenM, and thcHijrht onlrabnut theirs.* No 
one Rn<r longer spoke o{ a tnftritimc union, 
but only of a K^oeral fc-domtion, p:uaranl«*>- 
tag local and joint omlroU TheTe was a 
flune of enl hu naitm t hrou^hout British Am^ 
ncatand the Chariot tctoun conference wa^ 
,y Hdjourued to meet atfatii in October 
fl^) at QueWw. At Ilalirax, whL>rc Moc- 
oonalil wan cnt^rtaiuod at dinner, he de- 
clarvd, In reply lo the toaat of ' Colonial 
~ffaion,*that the qai>£tion of coloaial union 
alMorii»d ernry iili-a a« far lui he wan con- 
evned.* * For twenty long years,' lio con- 
ttnoed, 'I haw Iwvn dn^^nffnijRpif through 
the drearr wute of colonial pliiim. I 
Ihoofcht thon was no end, notbinft wortliv 
of ambition, hut now I tee tometbinff which 
it well worthy of all I have eufibi«a in the 
canae of nty littlo conntry. . . , TluiQ wc 
•hall bare tjdteti s STvat »tep iu advance of 
tho Araerieau republic. If we can obtain 
that abjwt — -o vigorous general frov'jruuiuut 
— w« itbaU not be Nt>w Ilniri>wii'k>?ra, nor 
Nova Seotians, nor r'ansdians, but BriT~Li>h 
iindvT thf fwny of tlu< Briti»b 
He deeirMl to pre^w^rTA for each 
its own identity, 'and to protect 
local anbilion :' but hitt Amliitiou wan 
'to be ' a lutject of a jfreat British- American 
nation, undi-r i he f^vornnKmt of Irt m^jetty, 
and m connL-ctiuu with the empire of Ureat 
Britain and Ireland.' 
In October 16ftl the a^joumod conf^rvnco 
i«t at Quebec in nt^at enthu*ia«m, and, with 
premier, Sir ctiennc Tacho, tn the chair, 
importnnt nn>'<Iutii>»s. In Marcli 
Macdonald carried in the IIouAe of 
bly a resoIutioD that the'qun.-n should 
reqiu-AttHJ ' to canM 4 measure to be pro- 
10 the imperial parliAment for the 
e of nnitiiMF tJie coloniM of Canada, 
■o«Scotia. New Bron«wick. Prince Edward 
and Newfoundland in one govem- 
it.' HirElipnueTachcdicdinthcsummer 
this year. TbciMloiuattiluduof Ueorgv 
pt«Tent«d Macdonald's succession to 
premiereliip: but so that nothing might 
'r* with th^ )Tn«t plan of federation, 
nald acTped (o serve under Sir Narcissa 
It. Dnnng It^tmanyji^Ioiisies aroae 
the part of the outrituoe proTinoee, but the 



invasions of New Bninswiick and Canada by 
Fenians ftfini thn I'nilt-^ 8tatc« made the 
need of federation more obvious. Ai the 
end of It^lUi Macclotiald went to England 
with a Csnadiiui dAdtiration to consult with 
the homi- ruini»ten and to meet thi? delt!gut«>B 
of iht! other pnivinci-^. The dele^les )>at in 
WeatiuiuHtt^rPnlflce during IWnnili<^r: Mac- 
donald took tlio chnir, and Lord Slonck, who 
wan (lU(i in Kngland, n'Tidi-rwl what assist- 
ance he conld. Newfonnfiland pn^ff-rred to 
havu noUiiu^' to do with the federation, and 
the scheme made necesM-ry the absorption of 
the north-west, and the building witnin ten 
yi-ursof n rail way acmss the contiment, which 
would milder Canada iiidep«ndent of Ame- 
rican ports durioK the season in which the 
St. Lawrence is elowd to naviii^tion. The 
requisite set was pasM'd tliroufih the Inipurial 
parliameut, and m JHay l8tJ7 a royal pro- 
clanuittou was ixsuud, giving etri.>ct to the 
' British North America Act,' and appointing 
1 Julr following as the date on which it 
jihoiilil ciMni' into ylFiTt. The twn old pro- 
vinces of Canadn, called Toronto and Qiif u<n:, 
were, wilh the two additional propinces of 
Nova Srofia and New Brunswick, to form 
one dominion, under the name of Canada. 
ElnboratL' provision wiwi made for the supreme 
giivemnoini ofthw Donitnton, with it* viceroy 
and council, a parliament consisting of n 
House of Commons running not more Ibnn 
live yeam, and a senatL' for tif>-, with licU' 
tenant-povemore and special legiiitatures for 
r»ch prwviuc"'- In 1870 the newly erected 

Frovinre of Manitob/i was admittcid to the 
I'imininn, in ]i<~'J Briiiiih Columbia, and in 
11*73 Prince ICdward Island. In 1^."'J the 
north-west territories were orgiiJii^d into ft 
prvivisional government, with repreieiitatiou 
at Ottawa. Canada, thu» expunded, had lUi 
area of !],60(l,0UO srjuare mile.'i, ajiil a pojju- 
Intion of about four millions. For those 
rvaults AlacdiinaUi wiw miiiuly rvximiKibl". 

On 1 July InJ7 Lord Monrk was sworn 
in nn ffovt'mor-gt'nrrnl of thw New Ilominion^ 
and the honour of n knight-coromaudprship 
of the Bath wns conferred upon Macdonald. 
Ciirtier n'si-nrftd,«nd i>'fui>c<l the companion- 
ship of thi' Bath ^ hut Macdonald was .loon 
after instrumental in oblaining for hia old 
fri'-nd n baron.'tcy of iho United Ivingdotn. 
MacJonald became prime minister uf the 
first ministry of the Ilominion, and held the 
ijfiice for six ^i-ars. In 1870 he was aj>- 

Eintc{],with Vjwrl de Cirey (now Mnnjuis of 
[>on>, Sir SlaJFurd >'ortiicote, ana two 
other Englishmen, to pmoo-d to Washing- 
ton, and to settle the AUhnma claims and 
Otlii-rdiffiTenciw between the British j^vero- 
ment and the United States. The result of 



Macdonald 



46 



Macdonald 



tb«Ir missica w-ns tliv tmatv of Wu^liin^titi, 
wbicli ■sTM HignM nn S il&y l«71. Mnc- 
douald actcilKt once va an imperial commi»- 
eioncr and tluT iirim.- ministftr of th« c^ilony 
moflt ronctrni'd, and lug position was cgn- 
iwquBiitiv deliciito. Iti Jidy 187- he WM 
madu a privy iroimcilloroftlio Uiiiu<d Kiug- 
dum, mid wn« Kwurn in in Auyust 1879. 
Ry 1j^7.1 tbp conaenutivfa had lost their 

{lOpuJaiity in tlii.'(M>iiiilrVi»iid wth misily di>- 
cotimi cm the nupstinn of thn Blle^od fmudu- 
leat opportunities givon to Sir Hiik'* Allnii 
for t!io cTiiptoymcnt nf Ampririvn nipiral in 
tt]« biiilflirLf of the Caiiudian Piicific milwny. 
Macdonald c<MTipli>tfly cli.'awd liimwlf at 
any porsonftl rLwmnxihiHty, in ri mtimoTuhlrt 
sfieeeli (d Nov. IcTS), but he- could not stay 
the reftPtion, and he iirne miccuwli^d by Al«x- 
andur Mitckorutio, til the head nf a liberal 
miuiNtry wkich lasted from IM73 to 1878. 
MRcdoiiald's conduct duritii; )luckciuii.>'« ad- 
miniJ^tnttion wiu'* iioL faclioiis, nnd he coil- 
tribiit«d krgidr to tli<3 rerurm of thu l^gnl 
eyslem, hdlping tlii.> minisk-M la paM th« 
Itisolvcnt Act nnd the uct mnatituting the 
euprvuK.- judicial cnurt of the Dominion. 

In October 1*C8 Miwdonnld, who was a 
oonvincud protect ioiiisl.detWted the miuistry 
on n pmpn^a1 to introduce on indiacriminntinf; 
protective tarill' which made 110 uxeeptioa 
Bven tu the cife of iinpnrtaliona from Kng- 
land. Thi'reupon Mncdotialtl rctumud to 
office, lioldinir'h" p<i*tn of prRinJurand minis- 
ter of the intrtrint. Up was defentpd at tlio | 
time for his old conBtitin*ncy of Ivinipitori, | 
but easily found nnother oent. Hp rftniaincd 1 
ta powor from 187^ until his dtiatb in HUl, 
exumnj^in}! bis afficb M minislor of Ihtt in- I 
terior for lint pna*idency of the couimil and 
(>ti|irTiulnndent-giuieralfihip of Indiun aHain, 
17 Oct. 1683. Macdonald visited Kngload 
in IS'SI) willi thit ministers of railways and 
«gTicultur.>, and finally arranjirwd tEic contruct. 
for the construction nf th" I'ncifiu milway. 
lie puid another visit in iHf*-!. when lio a"t- 
tvnih.'d lh« conference htdd in London for 
tlte piirpoftf offorminptho Imperial Federa- 
tion Lcnffui), and was (jenerally recofiTi'''ed | 
tut a pi'jiuit;r of Iho principlo of impcrifil 1 
uuitv. In November ltS84 He wft» crojited 1 
G.C.'B. In 18"j-*> tlw university of Oxford j 
hnd cimfcn-ed cm him the dfltfrt-c of D.C.L., ! 
and tlio Caniidian univiri-i licit w>-n> libortil 
in bi"«tnwiii|^ thi'ir Immmrs upon him. Mac- 
donald died at his residence, Enmscliilo Hull, 
near Ottawa, on Jujin 1S9L Ui'ftid<>s 
-liftvin;? Ih^^n once premior of the old Canada 
of two provinces for a brii?f while, bo had 
baen dnrinf^ a period covflring in alt iwonty 
Tears prime minister of the Pominion of 
Caimda. Daring his final odiniDiAtnaioa 



(ISiH-ltl) be wa» regarded as the foremost 
ittAtostuon on the American continent. Hifl 
sphere of activity was the orvaaiiiatioa of 
oivilisation throughout Canada. Ilia dero 
tiiin to protiM:lion and bis insistenoe od 
Oanada'a ric^il of u hi|j-U taritT exeit«d mm* 
ilUfeelin)* in En;;]and, but this was mom 
than ovrrbcinii* by tbn pi-nt-nil evnm< of fais 
pHssionate loyalty. One of his latmt pnbiio 
DltfTanceswRs a warning to hi» countrrmea 
(l8{Kl) thnr Oanndn could not stand aloiM. 

Macdonald marfied in l^j^l his couua, 
T#abellii Chirk. daU)iht«r of Alexander Clark 
of lUlnavert, Invemeee-shiri'. Ry bet h* hud 
two sons, one of whom, Mr. IIujjE John Slac- 
dontild, bom in 1H6], survive?. In lt!ti7 be 
marriud Susan. A^nt^, the dauffht«r of Mr. 
T. A. Bernard, a prominent official in Ja- 
maica. After Macdonitld's dt'Uth bis widow 
WHS raised to tlie piM-nifii- of th<* r'nil«d 
Kingdom as Barnne.-ii Macdonald of Kama- 
clifle; and on ItJ Not. |H!>2 n whiln mnrfal« 
biLst ererU'd to Jiis mr-mnrv was nnvHlwl to 
the south aisle of Ht. Paul's Cjithedral, Lon- 
don, by th« Earl of Bosobcry, M>«r«tary of 
state for foreign aSairs, 

[See Life and Tinna of Sir John Haodouald, 
by B. G. Collins ; Kaedanalil'B S^ieeche*; Ai^ 
chir'aHisT. of Canada: tlent't Hist, of Canada; 
Dent's Csnadian Portrait Oallt^r^'; Appldoa'a 
CycIopa?dia of American liiog-l H. B-8. 

MACDONALD, l^WTiKNCK (1799- 
1^7S), sculptor, bom nt Bonewiew, Findo- 
Ousk, I'ertlwlilre, ir> I-Vib. I7!*9 (baptism r^ 
pist^T of Findo-fifiak ]iariKh), was fwin of 
Alexander MacdoniLid, a poor violinist (Ik- 
VTS8, Enu'nenf Nwfjrmrwl.ftnd Marparet Mori- 
Hon, hitiwife. lie wiw apprenticed as a maioii 
with Thomastiibson. who was then building 
Murray's Royal AhvIuu, Pi^nb, and about 
1 hiM I im>i hi! curved the arras of llobert Llneme 
on thL> front of riurvock Hoomi, Coming ta 
ICdinl;ur;f{h with an inlmductioii to JamM 
fiilleBnie Grabnm the architect [q. v.], who 
provea a helpful putnin, be wurked a< an onu- 
nii-ntnl sculptor, ami nn 2fi Feb. !B'J:Jftntoj«I 
the Tnisteos' Academy, Kdinhurcb f minute- 
book of the bonrd of tnistees). Early in the 
winicrof the *iim*? yar he went to study itt 
Home, w h^re be iwecuteil several busta,amonff 
others that of the Duke of Atholl ; and in 
li^'29, uluug with Uib^ou, Sevora, and otliar 
nrtists, founded the Dritish Academy of .Arta 
in Rome, of which he conlinued a tnifiVt«o till 
hiiideftlh. In alioiit four y hi n ho n-tuniMl 
tn Kdinburfrh, and thera produced bustA of 
Profewor John Wilson and 0«oiS9 Ciimlw, 
the phrenolnj?i«t. In I H2S \ip afnt nis burt of 
John -Manhail, M.l*.,totbe Royal Academy, 
and ho was a frequent conirihutor to the sue- 




Macdonald 



47 



Macdonald 



.QBwiiiui f-xliibiltons. In ibe autumn of l9:!9 
I exhibited in iIm Itnyal Idstitulion, Edin- 
i, hU ofilntml ^^up or ' Ajxx bi-vins the 
desd bodv of l*»tTuc!us hiiiI rumbcKiiig a Tro- 
ini wuTlot' lAUL' Sevt^iman, l'8 and 31 fJcl. 
1^23, wbi'fvlh*' ^ruiipi]i«ogT«Tvd iuoulliiit?) 
•ad oiher Torkn ; and he wn^ sdcond to hia 
frujDdC'hiirlc<s MacUreo.edilyrofthtf' 3cot«- 
suui,' in bU bloolVfls duet vith I>r. Jauim 
Btvwne, editor of the * Caledonian Morcurj-,' 
fiMwbt new Edinbur^ on I'J Nov. I82$t(w^ 
it. II nod 14 Nov.), wliicb aroM partly out 
of an article in the ' Mwcury ' ((j Nov.) on 
Mardonald'a works and tho * Scotsman's ' 
mticitoif upun tht-n. la the »amo year he 
was ele<ct«i a member of the Scottiut Aca- 
domy. viiijro io 1^32 hv exhibited saveral 
bmta, including thoaeof J. (Kljtuui Lockhart 
and the Earl oi EmU: but be aeldoni con- 
tributed Iitftie, and resini«d his mvEnKTsbip 
1m 18(S. He upeaved in the lint of honorary 
iibim in 1867. In 183^ he returned to 
BoB0t wher« he ocea|Hed a iMdinfir portion as 
• •colplor, chiefly producinji portrait-bosta, 
aidrrl Fit ht« cldtr brother. John, and bia ton, 
AJexanii-r. lii« bubt of I'bili^i llvory, fifVh. 
aarl Stanhope, is dow atOhevening:. Kf nt, and 
a oopy i» in iho National Portrait CiallL'ry. 
laondtm. He also «-jci>ciil«v] buitiA of Sir 
Walter Scott (1831), Fannv Kemblo, Sir 
DsTid Baird, and Jami« OiU««pie (•reliam. 
AflBOlu hia ideal works an- *A Oirl and a Car- 
rier PQwm,' 1U35, and ' Eurrdice,' 1^». Ilis 
'inj«te«rwo|niiscdbyhisDofjr,'shOTmin th« 
Vmta Exhibition of I8W, Trax much udmired, 
aod became the property uf lyjrd Kilniorey, 
Macduoald died in Rome, -t March 1378. 

[SadgTOTa'a Diet. ; Brydoirs Att in 8«otUnd ; 
Caialdsvci of ftojal Aead«niy, Royal Scottish 
AasAMBT, and NnL Portrait QalleTy ; Drwiv 
~ iP«rthithini in Bjgoiw Days.] J. H. 0. 



listtcal Account/ hut his claim to nwein- 
hraiice rcwts on 'A ('olWtion nf Highland 
Vocal Airs dpvot hitherto publi!)h<-'l, vtc' 
(Kiiinliiirfili, 1784), which hixxHt'"! with the 
asftiAtanci' nf his brother, .Io!H>ph Mncdonnld, 
and ttio Itev. Walter Yoauft, who compoMd 
thi- basse:! and \rTOto th^ prvliminnry 'Diaser- 
tution.' This work, which was published by 
subscriplioD and is now scarce, is valuable, 
both fortl^musical contents and tliKmnleriaU 
it odlvm to the historian of national melody. 
(SoottV FmU Eecl. Scot. 'Synod of Amil, p. 
GO ; Prc>1iyi«i7 Rt^otrn ; Ji>linMin'«ScMs'9ariMl 
UuiBum. hL 1Sd3, i. e7: Olcn'n Coll. of Rcotti^ 
Dauw Music, liilrud., Ediob. I9»l.l J. C. U. 

MAODONAT.D. R.VXALO, n.R (1756- 
183:;), Scottish catholic prelate, bom at Edin- 
burgh, of highland parcnta, in 1766, rnccived 
hu education in the Scots College at Duuay, 
and after bein^ ordained priest returned to 
Scotland in 17^:^. He waaQrK slalioa>.d in 
Oknf(airn, .\benleensliire ; after muhk' yi-an 
be WHS Iranaferrvd to Olvngarry ; and theooa 
was wnl to th« iitland of Tist. H<> piio 
ceeded Dr. ./'Enoas Chi^boba [q. v.] as vicar- 
apostolic (if iVi biglilaiid diolrict, his brief 
to the vii-ariatc, and 8e« of ' .Kr^-ndela, atib 
archie(iiscopoTarsen.,inpBrtibuainfidfIium,' 
being doUd '24 Aug. Mi\v. In ll^i^7 ho be- 
cauiu the lint vicar-Kpo«toIi(> of the newly 
cnuted wei4t*?rii dintnct of Scollmitl. lie 
died at Fort William on SO Sept. li<SS. 

[Brady'a Kpinf^npiLl SacoowiinB, iii. 4G7. ^71 i 
Catholic DineluTy, 1802. p. 61 ; Bdinlmnch 
Catbolio Mas. IS3£.J. i. IS3; Londnii and Dublin 
OnJiudux Juurnal, 1B37. it. I'JI ; Htotht^'s 
Catholic 3Ii»iuii IB Scotland, p. i^t.] T. C. 

MACDONALD, WlLUA.Vl UELL 
(lSI)7-lbU:>). linguiat, eldest son of Uonald 
Macdonald, by Mary, daughter of William 
B«ll of K«mmi*rM:aleB, near Lxickerhie, Uum- 
ftrioashirc, was bom is Scotland in lH07,aad 
IS^^n anat^^ur muocian, eldest son oC. irasediicatrd at lh» unirnntity of OloKt^ow, 



MACDOXALD, PATRICK (1729- 



HoM^rh Mardooald, minister of Dumeaa, 
"^ ' "Uhire, waa bom on23 April 1730. 

1 il for th? ministry at Aberdeen 

LtuvLi^uy, and, aj^cr acting for some tima 
aa a private tutor, wiw in IVM liccnsod by 
iIm BMbytny of Edinbu^b, and onlaincd 
■•■Miooary at i^trouliun, jVriryllahire. In 
1757 ha became uinisl«r of Kilmom, .^rtrrlU 
^ire, when be died, ' bther of tK<^ church,' 
on SS Sept. IR34. He married Ttorbom Alac- 
■looald, a R-'nuui catholic, 'who iLttrndcd 
■sothrc public nor family worship with her 
hoabaiid (Scott), and by her hi\d nine eons 
moi bar daughterti. lie was a wvlUinfurmi-d 
writer on Scottish music, a cnmpoM^r, am! a 
player "f various instnuneat«. He wrote 
the account of bis paiiA for Sinclair's ' Sta- 



irhere he graduated B.A, 1827. After Btudy- 
ing medicine be serred as surgeon in Sir 
Pultcncy Malcolm's fiagthip tn the Meditar* 
lancan IVom 182B to 1831, and was Bfter- 
wards a oommiHionor of Kupply. 

II i> was oni' of tho jrrcatcet lingniata of hia 
time, making a special ttudy of (Coptic, and 
could translate nn old Scottish song into 
G'.'mian, Latin, (treek, or Hebruw. On ihe 
death of an uncle nsmed Hell he .micceeded 
to the cat&te uf KammurR-alt^, where be 
collvrti^ n lnrg«> and voliiablo library. For 
(inme yeara he reprewuied the htir^h of 
l^chmab^n in the gf^iwral afsetnblv of the 
church af .Scotland. Hr died at 1 1-1 West 
C(iuip>»eU ^ireel, Glasifow, 6 Dtw. \t*&I, and 
was buried in Ualton churchyard. Ho mar^ 



Macdonald 



Macdonell 



Tied inl$3E> i!i.'l«n, third daiigIil«rof Thomas 
JotnstOTie nf trndprwocKl, 

Mu)don&ld puUlislivd: 1. * Liiauii Phil»- 
logici. KxMii*rrt(iu!.B. Macdcinald/Kam- 
loencale^ 1S11, 2- 'TimHcnttinUSonKar*!!- 
deml into Ut-ruiftTi/ IftSI. 3. 'Sk('tc)iof il 
Coptic OritiiiiiiEiF ada|>tud for Stflf-Tuilkm,' 
ISftfi. To the Hay Society in Ifitfi he com- 
municated rt'port.H on zoology and botany 
trsnalatwl from thi» Ourmari. 

[Qi'tit. Mig. MilkIi 11)63, p. 890; Iag1i>'a 
Dramatic Writers of .Scotluuo. 1888. p. 71; 
Dotnfrie* aad 0«lii>W'iy SlAndiirtJ, 17 Dec. 1862, 
p. 4.] O.C. B. 

MACDONALD, WILLIAM ntJSSKLL 
(l7Hr-l8ol). miscellanoous writer, was Iwiru 
ill 1787. la early life \\<f wiw ndit^r nnd \taT\. 

tbfl 

' and 

itribiil-- 

ing Ijugely to otlior ptTJodicaU. ' An entire 
chungu nf opiQion and aentim&nt,' says his 
biopr/ipliftr, ■ subsoquBtttly inducwi 3iim to 
seek other channels for t.hfi cxercisfi of bia 
varied literaty talenlB.' He wroto 'Cliria- 
tiiLULty, Ppoleatftiitisin, and Popury, compared 
dud contraatod," 8vo, London, 1829 [Bnon.], 



' FahW of tho Day ; ' * Tha Comic Alphabet ;' 
and many others of an cpln-menil cliuriictcir. 
But the most ii«(-riil of .MHC'tloniiK!'tt prnduo- 
tions w»-r» iiutii>^rous ImnkB for tlie yoiinff, to 
which labour of lovu \u* d(ivol'.'d tKu lot tor 
period of Li» lifa nntil prcvfint«d hy the loss 
of ei^ltt. Among iLi'm were 'The Book 
of Quadruped*,' 1838; 'The Nursery Ilnok;' 
' Tvnt and Second Ltmsunu* for the Nursory ;' 
' SiraplnTnlfis ; ' ' Parle v'r I'irst I'rcst-nt ,' and 
'Th.> Child'fl Choerful Compmuon.' Mac- 
donald dit'd on 30 Di-c. IWi4 in Orfot Jnimm 
Sirffct, Bedford Row, London, leaving a 
widow and two sons. 

[Oanl. M«fi. ia&5, pt. i. p. 311.] G. 0. 

MACDONELL or MACDONALD, 

ALEXANIIEU or ALESTAIK of Olkn- 
OABBY { ft. 1 721), siirnami^d ' Diibh ' from hU 
darlt compli>xI»n, Jacobite, wna ihn lildeitt 
son of Kaiiald or Itc^nald MiicdoU'plI, second 
of Scot us or Scothoiisu, by Horft, dauphtor of 
Alvxnnder Macleod of Mocleod. On the 
death in 16^, without male issue, of Lis 
rulutivi) AInvtu Mucdonell of Gltn^arry, 
lor<l Miic-doncll and Aroa, be Rucc>*e(lcd to 
lb(! eatate ofGlcufrnrry, but not totba petr- 
i^fe, wbi^cli iM'CBioo t'xtinct, With four 
liimdntd of bis clan ha joined Grabam of 
Claverliouse at LnchMbw Jn IHSy. Next to 
Locluol Lci WAS personally the moat notable 



of the hitfhlaiid chiefs who took part in th« 
nsmg. Th» author of ' Memoirs of Ewan 
Cameron* state* that 'with hia anperiont 
and t-quaU hu liv«d in constant umulation 
and jealauiiy, nnd goremiid bisrlnn with \hv 
authority and Btat*^ of an inJepMiident prinoe' 
(p. :»00). Ho supported ibt- prnposnla r..r» 
rising in a stroni? ftpcccb (1'htlip, Oramnd, 
Scotlish Historic*! Sociirty, pp. HX>-r.), and 
displayed the fii-ry cross'frotn th»* luftirtgt 
turrets of his coutlu (lAp. lOO). Alihough re- 
ftpect for ' th« ciistom» of liis pnylL-cewrira ' 
made him among bis own pc-ople ' ncg-jiirent 
of bis person," and addicted to simplicity in 
his manner of living; {ATrvioirt of Etctm fli- 
merm, p. 2t31 ). hb on ibfl occasion ni'xwmug 
L>iindi'e appt-ari-d at the bead of hi« clna 
mounted ou a fnaming^sti'icd, clail in gliiter- 
ing nnii* nml a cloak ahiuimr Triih (rold 
(«rrr»i«V,p. 123). ** 

When (ieneral Mackay attempted to win 
over Ohinpitry to the govemmenl, b« 're- 
turned hiia a civil aaewer, but instr-ad of 
hunrkcning to his prapnMi) projmaud to him 
tln) uxempii) of Genural Monk to imitate, 
who re.itored Kinj^ Charles ' (JIackay, Me- 
moirs, p. 19). (JlengaTTy's Jacobitism ww 
<if an alinojtt fnnuticai tj-pe, and this misira' 
was intondi^d as »enous and solemn c 
Ti]<? HlunghteT of one of hia clauBiaen 
ftraidoftlieCamLTonsonthftOrnnts, (__, 
however, to lbo»u unocquaintod \rilb 
i(lioa\'ncrasy, likety on ornt occasiouto c 
ftn outbruali hotwecn thn MacdonahlK and 
the Cnme^niiiM in the camp of Clavurboiise, 
Glcnpury in j^imulatt^d fury went foClaTer- 
bouw dymiiiidinR summarv venp-ancr on 
l/ocliif] and the Cami'rous ; but Ltkcbiel look 
the matter very coolly, and the biographer 
of IxichiclntntL'stliat GlcDgarry ntallT'taeuit 
nothing luorii by vb<i |^^at noiae n« mad* 
than to ingratjat'ii biuiitidf willi his people' 
{Manairs,^. 2i>6; cf-MirjiLAr, IlUt. ii.4&), 
Hli-npirry was tbo first chief lo oaiTprlT 
counsel an inimediiftto attack on Macknv at 
KilUucrankit', and in the battk- liu wa-i tlio 
loAdpr of iIki fir*t line on the ri)(ht, niarch- 
intir in the van accompaaiod with uiirty bone 
{Orameid.y. Uf7). 

Chi*-tly from bia strong enmity to tbv 
Campbi'IU and thu MurquiH of Breadolbane, 
f»!engarr\' was sjii^ciiilly n^luctunt to gipo ia 
hiji Buhmiasion to ^Villiam IirH^jovi-rnmenl, 
■nd «vrn ' Htond out obstinatelj' fl);ra||,^t \\^ 
voice of nil tKf other chiwftt,' ^Jn lo Mav 
ItWI Colonel Hill reported tbat^was Tof- 
tifyinij his hoU4a with an earthwork nncl 
8 pallisade, and \» tho moi^t bigoted man 
alivo' (i>i'pn anrl MehiUe y'«/j?r;i, p. 013) j 
and hi; succi'oded iu sostreii^UBning it that 
it could not have been takan ' without great 




nuuion ' ( Living I Dim Ut Jlelvilt--, 4 Au^. 
liJOt. ib. p. C-llj. Still, ultbau^h Wdeclinetl 

on miv Htxnunl In witlir with t.hf p)r<>ni> 
■)ciirdi»iiimH-<IiarT,Brea(lBllMiiei(A.p.&l9), 
b* took ihm oath before the expiry of the 
period of grnee on 31 Dec. lUOl. On tlw 
Mppointment of the tilencoe commUsinci be 
dupUyc^ gtT*t XcaI Atitl activity in colkcl- 
ing evitlenw i^ain«t- tlw»e rotpoiuiblu for 
lbs nuuMCn of bis kionnBQ. 

Oln^ury alono of (he UnfdonaliJi did 
not ei^ ttiu tngsgi-tuenL of 7 Mny 1707 on 
behalf iif llie ChevaJipT, baring iv#al?ed tn be 
■aided by tbi- condtint of Alboll (lloukC, 
(i>rrt*pimdrtirt, ». t!38). llrnriLi oiixnf th« 
blghUnd chiefs who signed the tetter to 
Ubt pn?mi»in); ln>'nUy to Kinf;(f«orgeoii bis 
■ccvfliiion : and be was aim odc of th« first 
to join Mar wbvn be raised (be atandard of 
tcbijllion at Rraenur, 27 Aufc. 1715. At 
Sheritlrauir bin clanstnen occupied a position 
Ml the rifibt ^rin^. When the &I1 of the 
timt of the CbinntiuihU cainK-d temporary 
heaiiatioQ and di<iniay, LiIeiiKarrv, springing 
farward witb iLu words 'ItevengBt Revenjru ! 
Revfngr to J«v '. Mimminfr to morrnw t ' m- 

Siritcd the battalion to a Octet: oiinet, which 
most irorafKlinlvIy put the enemy to rout. 
LitewardforhiiieallantMTTicmat thi? batik- 
h» waa crmted by tite Chevalier a peer of 
parliament 9 Dm. 1716. Cin the suppression 
«f the rebellion be srave in bu eubmisatou Uf 
GimeralCado^an utTnTemeai. Uewaaoneof 
lh<ilniet4««n')iuiiiut<.-d in 17S0^ theChev«- 
lier. on the advicn i)f !x>c)ibart, lor managing 
his affairs in Scotland. Fe died in 17^4. 

By ht» first wifi', Aan«, dnu^ibter of Hugh, 
lord Ijorat, he had one dnnjihtii-r, Ani)'.-, 
■nrried to Kobert Mackenzie of Applecross. 
By hio MCond wife. Wary, daughter of Ken- 
mifth Mackt^nxif , (bird earl uf Seaforth. he 
had four soua : Donald Onrm, kJUtHl at Kil- 
lucimakiD ; John, who snocwded to the cbief- 
taiacy; itandolpb of Kylaa; and Alexander. 

[Uemuin of Bwan Camnran, Ooafiml Msc- 
fcn'a Sfemoir*. and Levcn asd Mulrillo Papnrs 
<■& n BaonatynA Club); Philip's Oisnieid 
(SMCfiab HiaL. Boe); Uiatoryuf thaint* B«vo- 
lolioa i D SoMlxnd. 1 «M : Faitaa'v tod Rao's Hia- 
tariea of UiB Rebellion : Maek«n>ie's Hiatorf of 
tlM llacdaaaJda. pp. 343-4: Donglaa'i Barooaeo, 
•d. Wood.] T. F. U. 

MACDONELL, ,U.£XANDER (1762- 
IMO), fine Itoman catholic biabop of l^rpr 
OuBda, was born on 17 Julv \7n2 \a Gipn 
tffqnhart. on tbi* bnnl«>r» of ^xx'h NesM, In- 
vamen-ahire. Thi! .Mandr)ni>llH of Gletiffarry 
h*d nmninad Roman calhnlica, and their sons 
wer? iiiTsrisbly Mucatml at foreign catholic 
eo)leKW,eBpe<cially at Iiouay(SH&w, Hi^torv 
^M»nuf). Alexander waaaent first to Fari^ 

VOL XXXT. 



and thi-nc-e to the Stote ('olli-g>< at Valla- 
dulid, when- bi< was onluintHl prii-nton IfiFth. 
1787. On lu> rHurn to Scotland be was 
Stationed as mifv^ionary pri^'jt in the Itraea 
of IiOcbaluT, where be reiaaiued Jour or (ivo 
ywira. Tbi' .lysti'm of convrrtjiifjsmail farms 
intoebeep-walks about this Lime tbn'wi&any 
highland p<^a«int« out of eiDpIoymt-nt , but 
Macdoncll'e «irana secured for ibu grt-uter 
part of the Macdonellclan utcuiKilioii i» ibfl 
iu«torive of Olasgow. A guneml fiiilurf> of 
coituii um]iufji('[iirr<n>, caused bj the war, 
led to tbttir diamiHsal, and in 17M, nt a 
niifi:ttliig convi'n'.'d at Fort Augostus, Mac- 
tlottell iiidiiccil them to oITvr their services 
as soldiers to the king imdiT iliu oom- 
Diaiid of young Alexander llAnalddon MaC- 
donell [q. t.], ihe head nf the eliin. Their 
offer was accepted, and t bey wi* re furmi.-d into 
tbi' UtOhingarrr ri-ncibles, tb« first catholic 
regiraent since the Iteformatiuii. Macdonell 
was illegally gazetted as chaplain. From 
179G to 179^ iIju reglmeut was stalianed at 
(iuernsev to g^uard agaiitftt Fn-iich invasion, 
sndin l/O^ ilwuordarvd to Irulattd, where it 
diflingiiinht'd itself by its luiinjinity. In I8U1 
it WBfi disbanded, but Macdoni'll KHccofdcd, 
nftt-r (tomiiiliniciilly. in oblsiiiinfj for its men 
a grant of ](TO,OC>() acres of lurid in Canada, 
subsequentlyonlted CJlengarry County. Thu 
government wished tho men to sotrh- inTrini- 
dod. not thinking it ptwsible nvrniamnlly 
to retain Upper Canada; but r'nlli^r Msc- 
doneU objeciod to thu cUmale of Trinidad, 
and after conitiderabli^ opuuvilio'n from the 
Scnltish landlord*, whn wished to discrturngi) 
umignilion, thit Glcngnrries werv safely e»- 
tnhli.thed in Canada unfler the direction of 
their chaplain, upon whom fell th« wholo 
work of organising ihc colony. Macduuell 
devoted himB4.-lf emhusiaattcally to mission- 
ary work and building eburcliea, forlv^ght 
or which were i-rueted in I'pper Canada 
during his iifHtime. Whi-n lti« war wilh 
the United Bltile« bnike out. Macdnnell again 
raisoda ntginivnt iifdlcngnrrv f>>rii:ib1i.->, and 
their BPrvin.-s cont.nlnit.rd murh towards tho 
presenst ion of Upi>iir Ciinuda. MuciIoiigII 
was formnl!v tbniiM.'d by tlir> princ* n-gL-nt, 
and Tvoeivea an annual pensioa of (JOO/. 

At the time of Mscuonell's airiTal thvro 
was only one Hotnan catholic bishop, viz. of 
Cjut.'bt.'c, in the Ilrilisb dominjon.*! of North 
America. In 1817 VppcrCanada waaereclwl 
into an apostolical vicariate, and on \'i Jan. 
IBID Mftodoni-ll was iiominutrcl bishop of 
^'p'AnOtm partibtit in/uf^fiMm, and vicnr apo- 
stolic; be was conM'cniti'd on .11 Dec. IfL'O 
in the church of the I'raulint' Convent, 
<jiiebec. It was soon found nece»*ary to 
chan^ the vicariate into a regular see, atid 



OD 18 Jim. IHitt^Miicdi'inell vaa nuule bishop 
of RegiopoUg (gr KinABton'). la 1839, vritb 
a. viitw to fjsllectin^ ^md« for ft SiiminaiT to 
ha called It^Ki^ipoIU CoUt3fr<^, tio vloitt-d Liig- 
limti ; ill lr«lainl he wo* t-aken il!, and after 
rroMinp loDiimfriusLtf dJudon 14Juii.l$40. 
li'J WB« Idirim! ill Iliii crypt r»f Si, MH.rg«rt?t*s 
Oonvent chapel, I<^Lnbiir^b, but hia remaias 
were sub^iequenliy ritmovnil tu Cniuiiin and 
intt'rrtfd in Kinp*tA[i CarlicdrAl 2lJ S»pt. 
18t!I. Then" is a tablet lo his memor}' in 
at. Hapliacl'H, Aloxmidriu, vrcct-fd 18 Juno 
lft43, !>y lUr lliphliiud Society of Canada, 
which MflCi'iJiiell had founded. 

A Ijirge painting by Sir Martin ArehLT 
Shoe, P.K.A., uow in the mis*«ftsion gf his 
(rrand'Hfphc-iv, Mr. Aloxandor MttcJonell of 
Aleuiudria, has htva utigruvud. In tUu 
•RttuiiniacLMict^s.'bvW. J. Mftcdonell, Toronto, 
1BS8, 8va, a woodcut U glvsn from u xmaU 
(nl-paintin|{ lij (in iiukuuwn nrf.ii>t in St.. 
JoBeph'R Convent, Toronto, nnd another ftn- 
gravmg' is in the ' Calholic Directory' for 
184!, by O. A. Pfriam. Tbobcflt, likoiHwsiB 
Bsid to bf.t II wax lui^dallion struck abnat 
1WJ3, of which exam]}los anj still oxtant. 

nte mini seen PCS, byVT. J, MacdouaU, Toronto, 
1888; Catholic Dirwloi-y. 18-1]. pp. 7II-S ; 
Culbolio MatfUEinis iv. 102, 181 ; Appletnn'i 
Cjrclopsdia of Amoricau Biogrophy.] A. b'. P. 

MACDONBLL or MACDONNELL, 
AI.KXANDKl! ItANAl.bSoN (J, Ihl'S), 
of Glengarry. CTjl one!, highlinid chieftnin, was 
cldrnt-tiiiri iiiul snccciivir of l>unciiii Macdo- 
niiU, fourtetjuth horfditary chief of tbo Glen- 
garry branch of the Mnpdonftld din, which 
wa»<li^lin^ui>'hcd by tlie spolliiig of the nauio 
naMacdoiielljOrmor^ rarefy Mai^donoelL His 
mother wnt^Miiriory.daujThlcr of Sir Liiduvic 
Grunt,biirl.,of ]inlvoy,aiid(i(itii*nilKtrJuiiii?H 

MRpdonfillJ^iX"''-] ^^^ ^^ b.rother. In 170-1- 
1795 he rfti«>d n conipfitiy for On.' Oh-ngnrrj 
orBritisIiiiii^hUndfi'nfib!pinfiinTry,of which 
regimt'Mt he became major. Stewart de- 
acribes the corps ne n hanLWmii' body of men, 
morn thuii liuli of ihi'm from ibo (iiunjfQrry 
MitHtii (ii. L'lt!), When wilh ihe rest of 
t^ie fencible rapmcnls it vras disbiindod in 
1601, mu&t of th(.< (Uc[i;i:arry luoti, wilb thvir 
f;u»illi-ii uiid rclftt ivos, i^mii^rated to CiinadA, 
atidon thu ltiinkBoftbt'iJt.LDwrt>ucufouiidL>d 
a CWdioHipi'iLUiMg xKlh'mi^nL, called af^i>r 
_tbe)r nativfl jrhni, nnd now a county of tho 
gvince of Oritjirio. Kiii^h iiynd of a family 
fe tbc nnnirt of hi,i holdinj^ in (llcnfrnrrj' 
to bis plantation in Ibt^ nvvr home, Ituring 
the American war of 1ft] ^-16 the ^cttk^mtnt 
railed a corfm for the Hrili«b lini?, which did 
exndli^nt service under the nome of tho Glen- 
garry light iufautr^-. 



Slacdonell, who remnintMl on his pater- 
nal wstale, became colonel of the (ilcnguny, 
Morar, and lA'ltffrtindlay volunteera in 18CI.% 
and when the Local Jliliiio Act wa« ox- 
Uynd'il to Scotlmid in IMOH (48 (}M.rp» III, 
c. 150), was made liuutcuant-colonei-rom- 
mandant of the 2iid I(ivt>mf*it hxnl militia, 
with hi!ud(iuarters nt Fort William. Ho 
lived i« ft-udii! ulyle, w«ii,rin([ tho hi|;bland 
earb, and when awny from homi> having with 
him a f'dlnwiriB- of retainers, uopidariy known 
as ' OVn^iry'.* Tail.' Whi-n Ocorge IV 
visitwl Edinbnriih, (ilonffany, hia brotbuTr 
Sir.Tnmcft Mitcdonel1,anu the principal fKO." 
tlemnn of lii^ hou^^v, all with their bench- 
incn,wer« in atl^udancti.and tho UJcnKurry 
retaiin'rs were ewonj in as part of the royu 
bodyguard at Holyruod. 

Walter Scott who knew MacdomplI w*II, 
and h siippusiid to hsvo drawn the bettor 
side of his ebaracLnr in ' l-Vr^is Maclx'or' in 
' WavwrliM\' deficribea him as generous tad 
warm-hftarr<-d — n sort of t^tiixote who had 
lived a centnry ton latfl. rio was a ke«n 
iiport«iniin, sleeping out in hia plaid for iiigbte 
togi'th.^r whim in ipursuit of the deer, and 
wiiB a treasurv of Iturhlaad loro (Loceiurt, 
p,ti()f>), nisimpotHOus tamper hrouirlit him 
into frequ(:'iil t^crapi«, HometiiUL-s unfairly, as 
Scott implies, his oppHni-nt.* knowing fdll 
well that when rousiid he would be certaitt 
to put bim!u.-lf in lh>.' wr>iug. H» killed a 
young suhaltem, Norman Maclend (a grand- 
M»Ei lyf I'lora Macdosald [q. v.]), in a duel 
arising out of A licrco quarrel at a Jj*ll at 
Fort William. He was arraigned on a cfuugn 
of mnrdi>r bt-fore th« high court of justiciary 
at Invoroes.'', hut was auuuillcd. He insti- 
gated the disput« with Claoramild rc-nprct- 
iiig thL' cbioflainghip of the clan Mscdonald, 
which WHS witgi'd Imllv in tli« local pr<>s]» 
in 1S17-18, and which J^cort deM^ilx-d m a 
ridiculouK nHtiir {tb. p. COO). Macdonell's 
Htyle nf living grenrty <>inbarras#ed him. and 
he is said {lii»t. i//thc Maedoiialdt) to havo 
heon on his way south to make arrangements 
respecting hi.« estate, when ha prriehed on 
14 Jan. lyya, in attempting to eseapw fnim 
the wmck of thu etoamer Stirling Casila 
al C'nrran, nenr Tort William. Macdouell 
married, on *J8 Jnn. !80L*, Ui-becca,(!aiighl'T 
of ihu grtiat Edinburgh hanker, Sir William 
Forbes, hart., of I'itidigo. by whom, lif*ide« 
aix children, who died voiing, he had a son 
luid sov(?u dnnghterx. llis son /Kneas Ita- 
nnldson Macdonell, who was nt Eton »t tho 
lime of llis father's death, afterwards sold 
the heavily oncumhcrcd estate in West Ar- 
gj'lUUire, twelve niik-s fi-oui Fori Augus- 
tus, to the Manjui.'* of Huntly, and i<mi>> 
grated with, lils family to AuHtralia. Tha. 



Macdonell 



51 



Macdonell 



Mtstc wwruold tucceHiTelr lo ihe Earl of 
DtMUejr (Ifortl Ward) in 1840 for tH.WJO/., 
■nd to Ut. Ellico «f Olenquoicb m IHX) for 

isajoooL 

[Andanuii** Scottiab KaLion. ii. 728; A. 3fitc- 

(tlmtt's Hin. vt Uie Mnodoaaldi, InTeru^ea, 

USI, p. aS6; StnrnK's SMttiah HijthlAiidpK, 

Bdinb. 1823, toL iL ; Lockfaut'a Litt of SMtt.] 

H. M. C. 

MACDONELL, Sm JAMKS (</. 1?>.'.7). 

il. (Inn) 6OD of lluncan Mafdnntiell, 

of ttU-n^EiTv, aiid liio vifv, Murjory 

It, ftod brotlter of Colonel Al>?xaiider 

LBsiuUmd Macdooell of Glenfr&irj [q. v.], 

I anaend CU» annv se vamga in tn iDdcpcudvnt 

[iCOanpyiT in 1793. lie becune licutt>naDt in 

■'the 78di Raee-shire bufls on ixs furmuiioD 

^in iriM. ca}itain*lteat«iaat in ibo old lOlnt 

^Colonel FuUarun'a) tli« vame T«)ar, andcap- 

taiD intbe l7tfaliKlitdra(rDons(nm*-lnncpr») 

OB 1 Dec. ITdi*}, in whicb reginutnt he enm- 

, naadad a troop for nine yean. In 1801 a 

Mcond battalion wba fonaed for the 

L B<n»-«lmv baSk at Fort Q«or^, of wbicti 

|_3faeJoBPll WM appointed one of the majors. 

Iffl «M with thv baltalioD under Sir Jolm 

Moor* at Hyl.Iif, ami Hwrved with it in NapW 

and i^icilJ■, including ibe descotit on Culubria 

in iHJilnnd thelMittIaorMn)iln(Kolil m<«)nl). 

Ami in the dinstroufi expeditinn to Kjm>t in 

1407, where be diatin^utebed binif«lf by sur- 

prinng- a Tiirlti*h batT4>Tr TiiMir Alexandria 

(SrBW*Bi, ii. '202 322). ' U« became lieu- 

t«naDtH:oloD6t in the 7t^lh on 7 Si-pt. 180!t, 

<and WW a|woLnUKl to the Portuifuv^ »t»ff, 

'1wtwa»l«CaIlMl((>rRWOOT>, WtllinytfiHlJ*»p. 
uLGCOk On 21 Fob. 1811 bo woa mudo 
li>ut«iuinKoloni'l of 2nd giurinon hntl.ilion, 
and oa H Ang. of the aaine year be exchnn^d, 
as captain and lictiteouit'^wlonel, into ibv 
Cd(UtT«am ffOards. He Hrrv«l with tht> lat 

' Wualion Coldstream guards iu i\xi Pvmnmbt 
^n. \(-iT IftlS 10 the ciul of JwiHflTy IflU, 
. :he battlcsofSfllanianca, ^ iltoria, 
' . itid Nire (mednl), and commanded 

tht* 2Dd battalion of iho rvgiicfrnl in North 
lIidlaBd fmni May to September ItiU. lie 
was nude C.B. an 4 June l^lo. 

Tht niiibt bcfon* the battbi of Waterloo 

'MMdnoell was iu-»t nritli itoiui! companies of 

^lJ»raraiMnitandthv3rdi:^otE)guBrd8tooc- 
mpylh^ cbalfannf noii^iimnnt, tin' [^anlt^n 
and orchard of which wcini di^ffridi^d \yf other 
BooipaniM nnder Ixnd Saltoim [iee Prasbs, 
Am^asdbb Obobob. sixteenth I^rd Sav 
TocTt\ Macdonell received the Duke nfAWl- 
linfTton's warm ajmrobation for the dptcrrni- 
natiirn with which hv bt^ld that pO!>l — ihe 
ker of iIh- ditk(-'» (hwition — during tho over- 
'wttelmini; attacks of the Fn-nch iu lbi> i;arly 
pait irf* lli« battle (>n one occojtion, when 



llie Fr«ocb were forcing (heir war inlo tba 
courtyard, Macdonell, with the hefpof nmn 
sotdiusydoflui tbegat<>.<t on thfin by sb4>cT phy- 
sical strengtli [see under (jiuiiau, .IambbI. 

Tor thMK> seTricea he wa* madt K.C.U., ana 
receivi'd the war medal. 

Maodoni'llst-rvcd in the Coldsitrean guards, 
of which be be>camo reaunontal lifutenont- 
colonel and colonel in l8:;o, nntil hi;* was pro* 
motiil to major-^'DcniJ in 1830. lie com- 
uianileti the Armu^h diKlrtt-t fmm 1^1 to 
1638, and oa lea^-uiffwait presented by the 
inbabilunU) with A piwe of plate. He com- 
uaiideil the brigndi- of Tiinrds sent out to 
Canada when l^rd Durham [fiee L.(MnT0K, 
Jons QeaiuieI wiM appointed goTenior- 
pt'nprnl tJiere durinr thn lrotibI>M of 1838. 
Macdonell eimyeded to the commkud of tbu 
troopB in Canada, which ho hold until pro- 
moted to lieutenant-general's rank in 1841. 
Ho became a full frcneral in 1854, and waa 
made O.C.li. in 18W, He woa a li.C.H., 
had the decorations of Maria ThenMta nf A tig- 
tria and St. Vladimir in ]£uE»ia, and was 
colonel in fluc«**rtioii of the r9th Cameron 
higblandersand'lfit highland light infantry'. 
Miu'Hiinidl dii-d in l»ndon on 15 May 1867. 

[A. Mackmuio'ji Bist. of the HnodonialdB, In- 
TsnwM, ISSt : Arrur Lists; Siewiirt's 8n>tli«1i 
HiKfalsoden. EdiDburgh, 1822, tq\. is.; Moo- 
kiuDon's Culditream Gu;inlB, vul. ii.; ^iborna'a 
WtHtrrl^oOaiDpAi^, Loodon, 1841. and Leticnt 
from Wfltorloo, London. 1891 ; Nar. and Mil, 
Uaz. 31 March 1838; Ueul. Mag. I8.'>7, ii. 733.] 

U.M.C. 
MACJDONEIX, JAJfES (1841-1^79), 
jounialitti, bom in 1841 at Dyco in Aher- 
(ieenshin-, was eldest son of Jaiiir« Mao 
d<ni«ll by hia wife, Kjiulii^l Allnrdycfi of Dyce, 
Tint fnllier wa» of a lEi'iuan catholic fumily, 
which camo originally from OEfn/rarrT inln- 
vt'miwK-ithiri'. Jiinii-j", who showea iniel- 
lectual gifts and pnvliti^tion^ At nn early 
aire, was educatm at Bell's sclionl, Inver* 
ness, and at ihe pAri»h whooU of Dufftown 
and Rhyuie. Owing to tbn death nf his 
father ( liibi*) he entered a mercanlile oflice 
as clerk at the oge of uxt«t.-n, hut soon 
obtained other employment as a wriu-r of 
leading articles in the* Aberdeen I'ree Prfioi.' 
In 166'J he went to Edinburgh on the ElalT 
of the ' Daily Keview.' The brilliancy of hia 
litenuy el ylualtroL'tcd attention, and be wns 
idmrlly aftiTwardit inviti-d to Xewcnstle to 
l>ecinie. in fpileofwhat he himself cnllod hi* 
' extrptnf yo»lhf'iliir»»,' editor of the ' Nortb- 
em Daily Kxrireew.' Tho newspaper m»e 
rapidly under nis guidance, and at twenty- 
two m fonnd his services sought by two 
pinverful editor* — on« of Ibe * S(>Jtentan,' thi* 
other of the * Daily Tdegmph.' lie iouwi 



Macdonlevy 



* 



the ls.tt«r, and f»r t«n yeara ( )H435-7fi) he 
was member of itD stnlT, and wag »ent to aeC 
as apvcidl corrwtjioiuleut to E-'rKnce in 1870 
nnd in 1^471. 

Id 187-'^ lie joined the atafT of the ' Timvs ' 
as It Itriulor writer, Onis of his rf>llPBjriit>s 
spoki! of bis leaders as ' complotu and liuislied 
enauya, perfectly poli»lied liternry p^m*,' 
Anotti*ir Miya: "Hi* styluwoft at once aut-ut 
luul inciaivH. U« had keen, amilytical pcr- 
ceptinn. Ilia mi-aning was Tiwvur obscure, 
nnil liiii informiLtiim WD!* pHfiuIiarly accurate. 
Not. a ronstiiiilionnl problotn coulclbe miioCed 
on t'iiher sldu oi \.\w Atliuitic of wliicb Iiu 
(lid not jK-etn to IiavM matli- ati especial study. 
Of French politics, in particukr, bo hud a 
real niaatorv." Miidlorif-ll diod Hiidd'-nly, a.t 
hishouAO in Lnndnn, 2 March 1A7D, at tha 
early ago of tliirty-'ieven. 

Hfi married in 1«70 Annie Harrifton, a 
niect! of Mary Ilowilt, and there were three 
aona of tli(< cciiirriagc. Thuir hon^o became 
a inL't'ting-pliicij of iho best rt'pre^i'iilativi's 
i>f liU'raljimnialism. ,\fi acoiiTerftntionaUftC 
MacdimQll wae bulb brlLliaut iitid iutlractivii, 

BbI.wwiii IRfiS ntid lW7r( ManlnntrH wrotn 
freqiusntlv for 'I'"rnser'.f Muguzmu,* 'North 
Briti'^h Uevlew,' ami ' MiicrnilliinV.' An 
arliclu in thi^ * North Britiah I-Uivinw ' (I)e- 
oenilKT lH(i7) on tbo ' X»tiiT*l History of 
Morals,' dosipnKi to refute Biicl<li''« theory 
a« 10 the i^lnlLoriary nalura of morata, excited 
unusLial attention. Ilifl lojit work, edited 
by Win vfif<3 and publixhod alter Im di'atb 
(JRHO), ' Kranne since ilia I'irst I'liupirp,' is 
only a brilliaiLt fm^iDi'nt; but it rmuaini) 
one of ttio itKiMt acrruriitn and di.ieriuiiimting 
works on modem French polilica. 

jPrivale inforinfitiiiE ; JamiiaDliu'iJjinQM, ,Toiir- 
naltHt. bv W. R. Nicall, M A.. 1890 ; Daily Tc!o- 
griipb, 1866-75 ; Tinaa, l8;5-9.] A. M-l. 

MACDONLEVY, OORMAC (Jl. 1459), 
pbysiciait, railed in Iritih MacDiiiuiitdhlL'ibho, 
waa dL'scend'^d from tim n>j«l fmiiily of UJi- 
dia, who were driven from their kingdom by 
John de Courcy [q- v.], and settled in Kil- 
mncrfnan, eo. 1>nn<*fral, about I^IK), where 
they bitctirne hfiroditarv nlivoicionn to ihe 
O'l Joiinells. Muiri* Macllonlwvy ( rf, 1 3rt,'.>, 
son of Ponl, who is called 'oUanih b'ighU 
chcuo! conuill,' professor of physic of the 
trilie of Oonaill, i.i\. of O'Donnotl and his 
nuiftliboure, is the fint physician of the 
family mentioned in the enronicles. Cormac 
csIIb bituBOlf ' baisillLT a Qsi^rhocht,' bachelor 
of JB^hnnf! (Amrtiirl MS. 333, fol. li:) A,in 
BritUh MiiBGum), acid was a phvi^nian of 
the Arnbjnn schixd. He travtdled tbroiiRh 
Tn^latid in llTiO, wrote at Ctoyu^, ro. Cork 
{Uarl. MS. Mt}, fol. U), a truulation into 



Irish of auall«riu> on the doaes of medicine, 
of which tbu original bulo^fr&ph copy is in 
thiH RritiNh Muwtim Library, Mfl in tbo 
Harleinn collection. He also rranKlat^xl intrt 
Irish a treartse on the orj^ans of animals 
frnm Isaac's 'l>e Uietis.' a wi:II-knowii m^ 
diieval treatise. His original manuscript is 
in llio British Museum, Anindi'L 383. Hu 
writes a gIoat, rather equare Iriflh h^iid, 
luin^ numerous contract ioos. Ho bad read 
< iuil'tlogdun, CiurduniuH the Arabian, and 
Ualen. 

Subsequent memberB of the family men- 
tiunod in the ' Irii^h jVnuals' aro: 

IJoiiiichadh M(ii-l><*nl.-vy, M.l). (d. \r,-2f!), 
physician, son of Eo^han, famous for bis e%ae- 
nil leciraini:; and w«allh. He dii»d 30 Sept. 
IWft. 

I^ffhan MacDonlevy, M.D. (</. 16883, 
physician, eon of Itonnclmdh, was bdievad 
to be the bt-st physician of bis time in Ire- 
land, and was also famous for his general 
Icaruiiit;. 

As tin- familv ori^nally came from l.'ltdta, 
the lesser fladh. or Ulster, the members of 
it ant nflpn calle<l in Irinh writintfs, iiixliitd 
of Macl>onlRTy, Ultach, that is, I'lsterman, 
and from this the name of MncNulty, Moo 
an Ultaigb, eon of the Ulstenoan, u Ac 
rived, 

[Aruni]''l 333 and Harleina £16 in Brit. Mot. ; 
Annala Rioghachia K)r«ann. pd. .T, O'lJonoran. 
TtiL V. ; Nonun)] Moure's Rhssv uij IJip UiBtiM'jr 
or Mmiiciiie in Irekud in St. Uuitholo mow's 
Bospiial Reports, to]. sd.J N. M. 

MACDONNELL. -VLEXANDEK Of 
ALASTGK (d. 1647), major-gcneraL [See 
M,&CDoyjj.»,] 

MACDONNELL, ALKXANDEU 

(179H-l)>io), cliL'sa-plaver, the son of Alex- 
ander Mucdunntll (rf. I'l .■ipril l&43>.a Bel- 
faut pbyaicinn, bum at Bcifrul in I71)fl, wax 
bred to a mercantile lif<>, and carried on an 
extonftivobuoint^saat reniuninibutww-n |H20 
and 1830. He wrott^ flPV<Tal ablfi pamphlets 
on economic (luestioos, and was Hoon after 
LS.IO appointed sccret^ary to the West India 
Comraii.ti.u' of Merchants, his dmies bein^ to 
watch theprogresa of bilis connected with the 
Woat Indies through prirliami>nT, Ho was 
trained a> a cUess-player by WiUiuiu Ix-wis 
(1787-lHrO) [([. T.],but,havinff c^t over the 
odds of * pawn and move,' Luwiti n.'fusL'd to 
meet him ou equal tiintin, and fniin thn 
foundation of the Wesiminaler Chess Club 
in 1S33 Macdunnell was tacitly admitted 
to be the beet English nlavur. Tn Jnno 
18-3-1 Louis Charles Mah6 de Labourdonnaia, 
secretary of the Paris Chesa Club, and a pupil 
of the uld French champion, Uus Chapeliuf, 



McDonnell 



S3 



MacDonnell 



came orer to Eitjrlnnd nnd challenged Ttlao 
donn**!!* mpniiiarr. Tbvn coinin«nce<l nt 
the ^Veenninirtcr (!!ub in Bnlford Street, Jn 
Um preeraoe ofa lai^ concourse of amateurs, 
& fiUDons AenM of encounters, the int^rmtt- of 
wlucb ba« RBaioed uarivsUed in tti« historv 
of cheM. La Uourdoncftifl spoke no KngtUli 
■odMMsdonnoll no Fnncli, and tho only word 
tliot pUMcd tiRtwfi<ii (hrin n-un ' cbftck. Tlii> 
■trngplebefran vrjtb thrp^ plu^nomfinnlly long 
pnHW, which vrvn all drawn. !?Iowly, huw- 
erer, inp Frencliman obtained thp ndvantape, 
and of tJie eifrhtvH'ight fniroi'e played won 
fbrtjr-fmir, four<«enf{anii>«bpinKdrnvm. The 
pUjr of boU) noil increoaed in lirilliancya? 
tJiia great contest proceeded. The duel was 
W leogth intiMTtii>Tcd by Labourdonnais's n> 
call to I'ans, tnd bdbr« the aiitik^DuivI« 
maid OjiptiD meet Macdonnell difrd, at ibo 
boanlioK-houM m Tavistock S4uan> whuru 
he hod long r«M<led, nn 14 Sept. lB.'i5 {Orut. 
Mof. 1836, \lA42y He was buried in Keo- 
imI ftn-i'n ci-[ni'tt>rA', vrht'Mi fir* yrari* litter 
his great opponent woa alan interred, Mnc- 
donnr-n mu unmarried. 

"With th<* exwption of Howitrd Staunton 
[q. v.] (here is perhaps no nntive Uritish 
player who has displayed such a strong 
Uiiutr bcully for chvu as Macdonnvll, wlii> 
11 ^ntiited to rank with Morphy, rnuWti, 
and Ijtlfourdonnaieamong the sn?almt mas- 
ter* iif thi- t'luit:' in moiltim timnn. A lar^i^ 
number of hie somn ore extant, .\eeleetinn, 
tnclading eigbty-fit>« nf his gatm-s with 
LsbdurdonDniA, was published by William 
Qreeuwood AValker, 'tbemoet euthu^ia^lii: 
■ct dwos Kcordt^rs,' in 183n. Fifty of the 
latch gunes had previously been issund by 

"William Lewis (1835, 8vo). but Walker's 

' Tsnioii is the mure tnutwortliy. 

[Jtatrnab kindly fnrnishwl by tha Rht. W. 
Wayta: Chcss-PUyer's Chronicle. 18 IS, pp. 
98»-fll ; riM-w-PUTcr'fl MagSEine, 1864, pp. 
l91-5:LePaUinMe,lB36, vol.i.f^<l.] T. S, 

McDONNBLL, 8i8 ALEXANDFHt 
(17W-l'^7'>t, fommiioiionfr of nationni «iii- 
Cttioa is Ireland, eldest san of .lanii(>a 
HeDtunfll, M.D., was bom at Bi^lfuft in 
]7(U. FTi* gainril n king's iflioliLniliiii nt. 
"WwilfninftierSohonlin IWK*. and wajioleclwl 
in ISn to Chritit Cluirch, tlxford, wh«Te he 
held a slud«it*hiptill ])*20, Heernduntt.'d 
B~A. ]Sl(i, and il.,\. IM-K), and won four 
iMurersity prises — tho»e for I,ntin Diid Eng- 
lah vmm and fur th9 Laliu and KugliKh 
Hwyii — on at^umulatton of honours only 
Mice before achi<>vcd. llo was called to the 
liar at I.in<ro!n'« Inn, 2^ Xot. IP24, went [lif 
midland cimiit, attended the l^icester and 
S'enlhampton oessioDs, and serrvd a« a com- 




miwioner nf inquiry into puhlie charities. 
Of nn ■•xci.'4'itiEigiysetuiureteEnperaiueur, he 
brohti down in ulf-AdiDg a aue before a. com- 
mitlee uf the llouse of Lwda.and.moriififd 
beyond t'xtirc«sion, rwnounced the bur, rr- 
tunied to Ireluud, and iicct'iilL-d ihu posltinn 
of chief clerk in the tbief ^ecretnn w olliw 
mid(-jThomiisI)niinm(md(l"07-]t*40)"q.T.] 
In IWC.t lie vcKx Hmuiinlnd rw"jd«nt conimts- 
sioni-Tuf the board of education, of which ho 
btHTjiint) t\f iiriL'niiHiig giiniu;«. While lum^elf 
an ardent pttilesian!., hi- pt-rsistenlly songht 
t« pruvidu for his poorer countrymen I ht; re- 
ligions instruction of their choici*. He was 
made n privy councillor of Itt-lond in 1846, 
ri'signed hie com miss ion ersbjp in Uuccmbcr 
1 >•" 1 . and was created a baronet iJO Jan. l**"!'. 
citudv of the classics and history fonuL'd tbe 
chief solace of his ret irc^mejil. Ih* was 
duwply attached to ln-l!und, which he dt^sired 
to see drawn closer to England bv mcnns of 
just and guuuroua govi'mmt-tii. ^le died at 
'•i'2 UpiMtrFiliMilliam Sln-^l.lliiblin, i'l Jan. 
IST'i, Bud was buried at Kil.ihnrvtui, near 
Drnghivln. He married in l.:Si!tt Barbara, 
ehli'sl.dauphterof Hugh Mont p>mcty of Bcn- 
vwrrleQ, co. Antrim, and widow of ICichard 
Staple*, She died ot Kilsharmn, 6 April 
IWiS, leaving no issue. 

[WtTlchs Alumni Wpilnion. p. 4"(i; Timoa, 
35 Jan. 1S"5. p. 7; W«t'l)'» Compendium of 
Irish Hiography. l87Bip. 311 : Itln->tniusl ten- 
don Nvw-B. 18To, Isri. UA; SpoclaLor, 2li Feb. 
1875, pp. 240-1.] G. C. B. 

MACDONNELL, JnilN {iagi-17M% 
Irish pot-l, faLlud in Iridh Scaghan Cldrach 
MacDonilinnill, was biini niriir ChurleviUe, 
CO. Cork, in ItiOl, and ohlaim-d fh«! cogno- 
uii-n of Gliirnch, fither because he was fo»- 
tered in Clare, or bi?cnii*<- lu- was rclalcd to 
the MacUonnell family of Clan:. lie way 
pL't^uCnUnl OS Jncohitc, ami bated the Eng- 
liBb. He knew <irei.'k, Liitin, and ln»h,a]id 
lirod bv poflrj' and by Itraihing. Among 
hi* pupils was Sylv'i^sier O'lTalluran '<!■ v.^ 
author of a ' History of In-Iaud.' He krpt 
up sessions of the nativt- pnets, and presided 
ortr tiK'm at lEutli Luiro, iks L'Uurli'viUe ia 
^alli'd in Iri.^h. He iH'gim n tTiimlHlion of 
Homer into Irish and a ' Hi.sCoryof Iniland.' 
Hi^wn^enroiini^i'dhytbeMiicNamamfamily 
in Olart!, Many of hin poems circulated >d 
mannwript. and wen> stored in the tuemurics 
of the jN-(isantrj* of Mnnfller till ibe ip-neml 
decay of Irish literatun.' whicli followed ibe 
famine of ls47. Tbe following bam K-en 
printwi: 1. * Aisling ar Eire,' a dream, in 
which Hreland appi'Unt as a fairy, and the 
P'>(.'L follows her to (Vufichan, th« Briigti na 
UoinneiCravbhniadhiTBraiand oth'erfamoua 




MacDonnell 



5+ 



MacDonnell 



places, and flnnllr finds her with Acubhctl 
of thu ttiak, lilt: uanahct: uf thu Dal Cuiti in 
the fairy hiU of J-itinn. IIa a-ilt* vrhttn lUa 
Gaol will be trw, uiid thu vunlalic^t. 2. ' Ari 
bonnnirn Hadim iiliiiii;' ('llii.i rrurl, lowlxirri 
Tyrant"), a poem nreing the immeilinre es- 
|iul.riuii of ihy KtijrUsli. 3. ' Mac mi CiiWiD- 
nftiKh'('ThpMfirrhan(.'sSoii'), in which ht>Ip 
from Spaiu is foretold for Irt'lood. 1. ' Aa 
Phocain Hrcutain'cBritain'sUangcr'),^)!!!^ 
in{f oui ticF foes on the couiincnt. •;. To 
the tune of tho ' Whit© Cockiide,' a lamuat 
of thu wijinaii of Scoiluiid for h[^^ huishund, 
JiiiiKC1i.arli,«.oftfHCii.IIvd'Clanieh'BLau)i;m.' 
ile died in 17-'A, and was buried in llii' old 
chutvhvard uf 13ullytil<ju|^h, utmr ('liarlt;vdlv : 
ill thi- ijatin iiwcrijitioii on hi* limib hi? is 
called JuliuuiKB McUannld. John OTuama 
!"((. v.] wr(il<- n himcnl for him in Itigh (HaR- 
DiMAS, Irwh Minftrtljy, W. •2h'2), 

[John Daly's ReliiiUM of Irijtii JnenliitePni'try, 
Dublin. ISil. pt. \.; J. Hurdimnn'ii Imh Min- 
strel ny, ii. 413-U.] X. M. 

MACDONNELL, Sir ILVM>AL, Via- 
cocxT UtrvnTK and first Earl of Aktrim 
(rf, IQ^O ). called Aii«-VN\(;H, from his having 
beifii ffwI'Ti-d in thii ielaiidof Arran.in Scot- 
hiiid, was fourlh eon of Sorlc.y Roy JMncDon- 
n»]l [ij. v.], and Biiccwded on the death of bis 
brother Sir Jnmwt iii April 16Ul tolho lord- 
ahiu of ttio 01yiiii9 aud Koui<; In Irelund. 

In 15Vtt ho pavL> olfetiei- to (fovemment by 
u»j.iB[iuflr tjir .Iiimi.'i* N.) forlify Ihinliicp Ciistlu, 
and took part iu ihf dt-i't-al wliiidi tlm .\lac- 
IKnuiulIs inllicU'd that year tipon Sir John 
Cliicheatier and \\w gumson rf Carrickfi.'r- 
gii5. Ho joined O'XriU in his rehi-llion, and 
■uToniiMuiit'd him on his t>.\peditioD iuto 
Mnnaier flnrly in 1000, bwt, hi-comiuj; by his 
brother's death head of his hwitjit, and I'ore- 
ftfcinf; tlto fniliint of the reU'llinn, he in 
August 1002 uiado & tiitkdy HtibiiiIiit>ion (o 
the lord deputy, Lord Momitjoy, at Ttil- 
liighugo, oHi'ritit,' to sfHi-u ajrainet 0"N«iU 
ill h'criDamiK'h with livo hundred fout uud 
forty horse at his own expeiisii. Hi-^oxample 
wsurcisi-i] a pjitd pfroct in the nortk, and be 
■»-aa Idiifthlnd hy l.orrl MouMtjoy, 

On the ai'ri\ssion of JaniM I, MarDonnpll, 
on 2H Mbv UJll.'i, rweivod a grant of the en- 
tire district of thi' llouto and the OlvnnK, 
extiiidinff frtjni Lanio to Colemine, and coii- 
tdiniiifr ."it.l.OO" acres. To this in tho fol- 
lowinu year uaii added thu itkud of litilliliu. 
In UitXi Diinlnce CaAilti, the priorv of Oole- 
rniiit;, tlin-<-|*art» of the Gahittur uJ* tha hvlt 
Bann, the caatlo of OhJorilnvt ^Ijime), and 
all liuidv klou^riiig to the dioceeea uf i)uwit 
and ('i)nriiir wi-rii fur didernnt reiuinnH i>x- 
cepted out of his grant; but on 'HI June 



inin Puniuct) Castio wat restored to him*. 
His lourth part of the flsbinff of the Uftim» 
which hei r^fordsd aa 'the beat stay of his 
living:,' iuvolvud hitn in a long anu profli 
leas controveny with BIr. llamiltou, afler>^ 
words Lord tTlandelioye. In 1607, probably 
on iicoouni iif )iii((ild cunuivtion wilhO'NniU, 
and "because hn had about ltIO-1 married 
O'Nfill'e daughter Elicp, be wa« chargvd by 
Lfird Ilowlh with biiinz con^ccm^d in the 
evt^nts which culminated in the ilijfht of tliQ 
two northern earls. He appeared ToliLUt- 
tarily buforn thu lord df-puly, dwiii^d ihl ' 
truth of the chargv, and vxp«rieaced no fu 
tber trouble. 

Uifi prudcul conduct was not approved b] 
bin kiiisniiu, ami part of the l(il4 canspirac_ 
was to depose him ia favour of /VlexauJur" 
Bon of hut iddrr brolhrr Jaiuff. Hut it 
Hrengt hened hia intlueni*e at court, and 
having by hisjudicious conduct in thfunsttL-r 
of tho Ixindoner*' plnntAtion at Coleraine, 
aud the xisal with which he strove to civilise 
his own country, effaced all memory of hia 
L-urly coudnvt, ho wa», ou 29 Juno IOLt<, 
crt-alecl \'i»count Uunluoe. Shortly after- 
wards hi! was admittiKl a privy councillor, 
appointed liiril-lieulrnanl of lh« cnmily of 
Antrim, plarad in command of a regimeat, 
and on 12 Ilec. l&iO advanct>d to tliu earl- 
dom of Antrim. 

Like hki father and the MacDonnella 

Eenerally he was a Roman catholic. In liV21 
W4u^ cliarffud, on the information of a cer- 
biin Alf Sander llnyd, wiih harbouring priests 
it! his house. Ilu at once coiifoHtiud hiit fault, 
proint^^l nrvtr to fall inio the lik« error 
fignin, and was frnciouBly pardoned, hut oom- 
nelk-d to pay thw ruwartl d'"' to Ihiyil for his 
information neainst him~ On aiM'icinj; a con- 
jirination of his estates under the commission 
of RTHce in ItJi'y h« wbh rtpposed by Cohil 
O'Hara of Kildi-ome, who claiutid eeriain 
lauds included in the original grant, and 
either by cnurmt of law or from dictattvof 
pmdfntt' O'litni'ii claiuM were alluWiJ. 

During his declininp yeara Antrim suf- 
fered from dropity. Ho »^nt in porliampnt on 
thd Ilr4t day of »(?!uinn> \6AX, but was «x- 
cuM-d from farther attendaiit:e. in January 
1(!35 hi) concluded a bargain with James 
Camphcll, lord Caniirti, ftficrworda carl of 
Iniiie, for the purchmtio of the lordaliipof 
Caniiro, ori^nnlly in the pOB«enion of the 
Mncl>oniiel]s, but tbey haubeeB expolK'd in 
Hi07. The arrangement was opposed by the 
Lord of lxfriu*,aflerwards«urloI Argyll, and 
Antrim's death intervening the mnttttr sank 
fur a time iulo abeyauce. 

He died at nuiiiui-M im 10 Dec. \^S». and 
woG buiiud in the vault ho bad built at 



MacDonnell 



55 



MacDonnell 



BuBtitniiirge In 1(SI. Sliortly Iwforv h'la 
dektb be coiopleted tlw caitilu at Glmarm. 

Prior to his murUce with cbe daugbtvr 
<if O'XrUI, 3l«cl><iDn^l WM th» fctUer of 
time moB, niX o( whom were nrobkbljr ille- 

StinuK-. OnckngwaBsSIorrisueDrMinirice 
wDonnHt.waA han^t-d at (.'olrrnin* in 1643 
tat bia ebare to llie rvbt'IIion of Idl ; an- 
otb^r, Frsocift MacdonDt-U, O.S.F., wa» an 
«eeleaiastic, itod the tbirJ wft6 Jainea. 

By bU wife Ai^IIis Klic*, or Ali«», lliinl 
dsoglucr of Uuffli O'Neill [(|. T.I, Itu had 
two KMU, Itaitdal ^u. vX ernitod >larqui» uf 
Antriro, who got ihe DoroniM of Ihinluce 
r Mod Xilcunwair witb the coeiIg uf Dunluce, 
'And AlexaudM-, who nucoeedeil to tbu earldom 
■lid the bsronv of tilenum^uMlBLxdaDshteRi. 
to mHi of whom hp bm}ueatbe>d 2,800/., viz. i 
Anne, who waa iniirrie<1 firrt to nmstoph«'r ' 
?tiijI«nt,Ti9coant Delvin, and secondly 10 Wil- 
k.1iainFlnniii{r,ninet«MiihbaronSIiuie; Marv, I 
' ^vbo waa married first 1o I.uens, «HX>Dd vis- i 
count l>ilIon, and PMModlr to Oliver I'lunket, | 
■uth lord I'Outh ; Sanh, who wan inarrivd i 
. £rst to Ne«) Oge U'Neill of K ilMagh, in co. j 

EltfTO. and thirdly t«JMnikl MncCarthv Mor; ' 
<^tba*iae, wbo wan married to Edward i 
Plunkct nf CaNtWor, co. Meath ; Ko«e, who i 
WM married loColonel I*ord fieorgeOonlon, ; 
broUterof th« DukeofSutherland,whDcauie i 
tt> Cliter in l&li' «» an utRcer in Major- 
•genenl Monro'* army, Kod to whose assut- ' 
L<«iicp the Marquis of Antrim owed hia escape 
from prieoo u Oarrickfisnnu in I64S ; uid 

[Tba B«T. Oemrga Hill'* MacDonndb of An- ' 

trim; Lodce'a Fwiajt«, ed. ArchdalU rul. i. ; 

[• llaCtf Jonraa) of ArcttieolAgy, vol. r. : Ruosell 

fttbd PmidFrgwt'i Cnl. of Jrub Suie Fap«r>; 

[<8tnflbrd'aLei(en; Ervk*f Kcpcrtory : Jlorrin's 

»Oy. nuaat Ro]l«. ChariM I ; SiMbaa'a Fmn- 

n Slonaat*ri«a aad Earia of I^yrone and 

^yKaaneLI B. D. 

MACDONNELL, RANBAL, Vmcocwt 
Pc5Li:cs, second £&BL and Bki Makqcis 
«r AJfTKUt ( 1600-166S), «lda»t bou of Sir 
lUsdal MarDonnell, Tiwouint Dunlnce and 
firvt vul of Antrim ^q. v.},wa« bom in 1009. 
Ue wu *brpd the hifrhlaud way,' and till he 
wu seven or vi^bt years old ' wore neillwr 
lMl,£Bp,noriihoi-, Rnrvtockinfr.* At hia birth 
ytuB was asajpxrd in wardiibip, in th» event of 
f.^ux (klber'a death, to James IJamilton, first 
rl of Abercnm, his father agroAin^, under 
pvaalty of 3,000/., that he should in due 
tiniB marry cbe T^dy Lacy Hamilton. Uul 
.afUrwardi mslcbing bini to % duuf(btvr of 
th« Ituke of Lennox, he woA in l&StJ eaia- 
.^Iled tu diachaiKs bu bond. Uartiif >poi>t 
I time travelling on the couttneat, Dan* 



lure wu on hjj return iu 1634 Lntrodoced 
at court. There be became enamoured of 
Kathcrino Manners, widow of the IHUie of 
Ituckiiiffhain, and in Atiril IttS-"* induced 
that Inoy, much to the king's diivuiit, to hcr- 
cuiae hir wife. At court Ira livMl in magni- 
floent style and contracted enorniotiA debts 
(UiLL, MocDonneiU, .\pp. p. xix), 

On the outbreak of thu n-lx^lhoD in Scot- 
land be, al bis own urgent reijuett, was 
autboiiaed in June 1G3U to raiae forc«s to 
attack Ehu Earl of Arp^U in lii« own conntn'.. 
Hut he niivcalculat^ hi« ability, and tJbe 
desi)^ mifcarried. Aft«r thu |>aciCcation of 
Berwick be attended thu king fur a lime al 
Oxford, hut on 17 June ItUO he took hi» 
MtLt in the Irifli House of Lords. In Lhiblin 
he rnaideil in Iy>rd Kly'i< liousv, which be 
Bppeant to liave lea>«d till the outbreak of 
th* r\'beni"n in October !il4l, wbpu he r^ 
moved to thi? rt-i-idenoe of bi* hMt licr-in-Uw, 
Lord Slane, at Plane's Castle in oo. MMilb. 
By taking this step he gave rtfo to a ruraouT 
that he ayuipelhiied with the rvUdf. and 
feeling it necessary to dissociate himaelf 
fVom Lord SUne, wbo liad Ijiniu n in hia lot 
with the catholic nobility and gentry of 
the pule, He ranored to Muddenetown, near 
Kildnrr, the n'HideiiC4^ ofllin Kiirl i>fCa:>tle- 
bitven. Heremained there tillaflerlhe bettlo 
of Kilrush OD IS April imS, when, taking 
advantAgv of a pauage rccentlv o]>ened into 
thenorto by the capture of Kewry, ho sent 
bis wife to England, and repaired to Hutduee, 
wlieruhearriveduu:28.\uril. AlMoneymnre, 
on hi* wav northward, he bad an iwliTvipw 
with Sir Pht'lim O'Xcill [n. v,*|, by whnm bo 
i*< iuprohahlv utid to luiv<» uvrii iulluenced in 
his iwlilical views. 

shortly afli-r hi» arrival in the north ho 
was nhtp, hy his infliwnof witli hia kitinman 
AlB»ter.^lBcCollMacl>unneU^nee>l4CWiKAiJ> 
or MAmossEi-t., .iLr.x^N'nrH or Alasteb], 
who commnndud the armv be6ii');iug CoU^■ 
mine, to revictual (hrit city. But he was 
shortly iLl'ler^^'urdfl, in May ll>4l'. treachfr- 
oualy taken prisoner in Uia own c«h1 le of UiUi- 
luce by Mftjor-peiieral Uobcrt Monro [q. v.J 
and contint^d in Li?rd ChicLesltrr's house of 
Joymount in Carrickfi-rjjiis, to gratify, it is 
said W Carle, Antrim's hereditary enemy, 
.^rfTj'll, but mon; pnilmldy hi-canse, being a 
Roman catholic, b^wa-Hiiaiumllveuspeotea to 
be also a rebel. About six months afterwards 
he «HC«M:d<vd liy an iofonious stratagem 
(lUit.UE, Lettfrs, i. 3(S0) in cITeciing hia 
escap* into tbo northern parts of Kn^and, 
and prucitding to York.wberB thi* i^ui.'en then 
waa, he auggeited the idea of raiHing a force 
to co-opi>rate with the Uanjuis of Montrose 
in Scotland. But being shortly aft«rwmida 



cuuiEuiiudtMi to return to Ireland to aswisi ■■■ 
i>rinj;iit|^ i\b<3iit ft cesoatinn of liosliiirieA, he 
viim immi.'(li»lvly oti hitt laniling near New- 
cuwtit?, ia CO. Down, in Miiy I fU:i, a^uin tnloMi 
priBOiior b_7 Monro and cunfiuL-d in Carriek- 
IWgiiti I'lu'lli-. riTmiuIcttitmrvljitiiigto tlie 
ceBsnrionwIurliwerndiaooTBrpdon his person 
werv sont bj Mnnro to llnj privy coiim-il (if 
Seotlfinrl «iid lhf> crimminAioners for Iriflb 
aO'sirs in England, with comments *»g- 
gesliiiB; n terrilik- crmspirncy afrnitiNt the 

tieiicc ol' ScmUmd and tliii ycoitisfi fyrcee in 
rt^lnnd, mid by ttieni irere imm>^dj»l^ly 
publielicd f^wo parlicnliirly /4 Dtdamtha 
•if th''- V"nim>/n* if^rcmf/lfii in Parli'inifnt •■</»- 
earning t/i-e Jii»f anil ynii/ivM <if f/ir drand 
Jifl/rt/iim in /rc/uw*/, i^ndnn. £5 July 1'14-t). 
Howtver, witli tin- iiiuiinliuirii of riiiitniu 
Huorft' Gordon, wht) hiid ijuite rerenlly 
innrrii.*') liii>Hi>ii<r EWo, lie n^ain, ufti.'riiliriiit 
ei^ht montlia' iiiipriitnnmi^nt, luana^od to 
wt-npij (Si'ALinsii, y/f*/. I'/ tti* Tttiimn >'» 
Snittrmd, p. 3.*if*) to Cliarlnmont, wlicrti Jii; 
■wnfi well received by Owen Koe U'Nein 
fq. v.], and thonci? to Kilkonny. But boing 
dL<Kiri.-d by tliv Eupn'mu vouucil of the con- 
federates to tnlii- thi? oath of n>iA(i^iat ton and 
euiou cumuiimd in their army, hu for iha 

Erem^ut (Ir-t'Iini-d, Imprug, nppnrii'ntly, tO' fpil 
iniBelf choBsn lieiLtenQn1-]|ri'nera.l of all the 
cntliidic f<irc**» in the kmjjdom ; and con- 
tinning his jonniify, arrivi-d at Oitfnnl on 
\{S L>pc. lUn, Here he magnitii;d hia influ- 
cncc with tbi* confederates, liodstiiii; of big 
ability to raise ten thousand men fort^iirvicL- 
in England, witk llic objei't of iacirii awing 
hiH iiuponana:^ in IrL-laiid. But liia olTprtti 
trunsport two tlioiiSHiul u\*-u tii t'<»-ii[ii-r«li! 
wilh MontroBL- in ScolUnd was pladly ar- 
cepted by ibiil nobli-inau. Tbr kittp, wlinal 
first WHS dtinlitfiil as in the pnlicy of the 
Bi-bi-mi.', itiiil olso an to Antrim's ability to 
fulfil his priimi*<*. tinnlly, ntid aftor hnvJnp, 
nt the earnysl finlidtiitiou of lliit duohese, 
Of^i-od to niokc him a mai^uia, cunseuled to 
give it a rrial. 

Accordingly, havinf[ received inAtructiona 
to ^lereiiu^lu thL> corifL'deraK'a to send Ifn 
thou^riiid iij<.>n 1') L^n^luud, ur, if thvir lurins 
for r*lijfioiiJ» libi-rly w.-n* tJio biah, In ftnl 
two thousand men for Scotland {Vtrtrf^ndon 
State I',ii.rr», W. Ififi), Antrim b-0 (.►xfnnl 
about il 1 JiLii. Ifi i 1 • in company witli ] Jhtji.'I 
O'Neill lcj. v.^. who, beintf uRrp^nble to Jiiui, 
wasthouffht llipjiroperrat pcrsontokwp him 
Kti-ndy in bin TVs-tlolion and jirfVfnl him 
fiUinjf itLirt fidlir'.« and cxtrnTapances in the 
manncemt'nt nl'iliv alljiir' (I.",\Rri:, Or'jww/r, 
1. ("Hi cf. also CriRKXWOS, JirfieUiifji, ii. 

7y»-HlL'>, Ilf iirrivodiit Kilk«nny»n2SFeb., 
and at once appenltid to the tupivme couii- 



cil for their OM^ixtance in carrying oat hu 
scheme. In order lo invn^ftike bis influence 
be, with th» Torbal pL^rmis«ion of iho king, 
look thu onlh of n&stocinlifHi, was ttwom ■ 
member of the counril, nod received u com- 
miwiiriii luf liunleriitil-K>'iirml uf n11 tlit* 
catholic forpps. But Andin^ there was na 
prospect of realising hie vxtroTagan' liope» 
m Tf'etirA to 1 Ik- ten ihoui^nnd men tobeoent 
into Kn^land, be laid down his commiwioD 
iind bii«iL-d biniju'lf iu raising the tolditfrft 
intruded for Hcollnnd (BcLi.iS'a!) in J}t^id, 
Vuri'jfn JSilfniifii, \\. '2i^\-i'\) ; and with 
tbi* assistance of the Marquis of Ormonde 
was eo fur suecvpsful thai alyut the tud of 
June 1IJ44 W sent over alio<ut iiixteen buo- 
drcd men fully euuipped. under the command 
of Aludti'r iMmrf.oli Min-l>oinitdI, Ui the a;^ 
pistance of tbi'>Utniii«of JlontroBe. Uovinp 
donr- this, h« slmri fy afierwimlx return* d to 
Oxford, find in tho K'ginning" of 10-1.') was 
ftynt by the kirff with letters to the que^n 
at St. GiTtnBinsin France. From Franwho 
proceeded to Fbindijrs, whcr>,', wilh Spanish 
assietance, he obtained two fri^tes and a 
cijiifidt-'niblu t|Uanlily uf armt! and ammuixi- 
lion, which h>> inU'ndt-d lo use in transport- 
ing fmslisufipliea from Irv'land into Scotland. 
He (li>rlin.<-ci tlm rnnipunv nf t b>- pnjial 
nuncio, Rinuccini, and cnminif to Falmouth, 
he olfered hi§ assletanee to tho IVincv of 
Wah-9, who distributfd hi* armsand ammu- 
nition among the troops and garrieoBS in 
Cornwall, and shortly afterwHrdt madii us* 
of one of the frlgaluis to Mvape to Jersoy 
(Ci.ABli.vrio.v, Life, ii. 217). 

Aftwr finit viMitinp Cork, Antrim proce«dcd 
In Scotland, wh'-rii lin nrrivml in Su\\ 1046. 
"V^'itliin ten davfl after his arrival lie was ex- 
prnnnly ordwrt'd bv the king to Iny down 
arnifl, Bur it wai^ nnr tmlil the command 
had been more than once repeated that he- 
reluctantly, townrda the close of thi' y«r, 
withdrew from Cunliri', which hthud hopej 
to recover by force froui Arpyll. Argyll 
Imd t'Xpidled the MnoD'innp'lls in ltX)7. Od 
his return lo Irelimd lie occupied himself in 
makinp" prepamtionfl to renew the Ktru^Is 
in Scotland at tEie earliest opportunity, uiil 
' laboun^il,' nccordiiit^' to his own aceount, Xo 
olfect a peace between the <>rmonditt>. and 
eitr>*m(> rathidic* on tiTios of okliiinin^ r»» 
litrionH itjualitr for ihn Inller. About lbs 
close of I'j-I" the confederates, havinif r*t" 
Bolved to come lo ti^rras with the cri^wn, 
oppointi-d Antrim, 1/ord Munkerry, and 
GcoilVey Browne to proceed to France, in 
ordt-r lu ncpul.iatc u [luncc, and if [lOCMbIc Co 
]HTSuatii' the i'riiici' .jf Wah-s to lake the 
govenimont of Ireland on him^olf. But 
Antrim, who inclinod to th« nuncio'a partj* 



( 



I 



MacDonnell 



Mac Donne 11 



and vMf aaxiouB, in tbe probabk' etent of 
the prinfs'fl refuMi, to obtain thti lornHi^H* 
t«nan«T for himeelf, nilixl from Waterford 
tm SO Feb. 164^, »<reen davs before hU col- 
leairuM. Tlte appoint muiit of the Maniuie 
cif l>niiondi' to ibr |itace b« aspired to waa a 
bitli-r dicappotnl mtiiit to Antrim. He re- 
turned to Itvlaad id Sttulrinbfr, itppoMd llie 
pMCe between llieronfedetsteA and OrmoDde, 
mail lu-ulilr »Mi*port«l tbv scliemi.' for a 
nnionbetwi-en Owen O'Neill and theparlin- 
tatnt, Karly in ]&40be succeeded, bym^aos 
of orwCrilly, a priMl, in ap«>nini;tipacotT^ 
i^ondnice with Oomwdl, Tn ■wham be oiib- 
aeonently rendeivd bqhi* s*r\ic« at the aieie 
ofnOM ud otbcrpWri!. Carto^ in his * Lifo 
ofOnDonde'(ii. 101 ),ba«a veryquwtionnblv 
■tary, for which ho adduccA no authority, 
that Bt thv tiint.- whi-n ] iichiqiiin'ii ron»-8 
revolted to the pnrlijim<-tit. Antrim forgi-d 
•n ■0T*«m(!nt bt'twuen that cablt'tnan and 
MicImi') Joniv, whrndiv thi> ftimipr cnRnaiT! 
to betray the kinjr's cauite and army. Inchi- 
quin, who v^hem^ntly denied the charge 

cball?nE«d Antrim, hui he, declinlug toeivL* 
tba olAer tbl^ umial Mti«faction, 'mnuc b. 
•oleao aeknowlvdgmvnt of his crime hvfore 
tbe lord-U*utenant and four of the commin- 
sioains of tnut. c'onf(.-6siii|f that the prv- 
tewled iiutruuK^iil \\n* a uii-re toT({Wy and n 
eentriT&aopbelwif^nhim^lfand Jonea.' Rut 
it n mnrr than lilt»-!r( MackaYjOV. Clnremion 
n^nr. ii. tS8| that Inrtiiijuin ASA mMitntfi 
eone eiicb step as moiour attributed to him 
(ff. I^tlrr/rom Lard BrrykUt tn fltftipfnkfr, 
J&Dec. 1019 in .Srrtral i'nreetiinff*, -l Ihc. 

to II Jan. llUy-'^, where Tax 'Lord ' 

Mr. S. ILGnrdinvrauggwita woou|;ht torvad 
'Liord Inchiotiiu '). Cta the death of Ownn 
C/Xeill in NovFtnher 1649 Antrim hoped to 
raccn^l him in thr coinmnnd nf thr luirtli'.'m 
Aiiiiy, with the intenti<in probably of effpct- 
iaym reconciliation wiihtheparliaoieut.but 
teEordttappointM) in this hy th'? ^lodion of 
tkBlwhep of C'lofher, he entered into corre' 
^OttdeiKewith Ireton, and his servicea being 
accepted, hr was pnwont at tlie ii^ of Car- 
low. In Lieceulier lUAO he wa» ulowed to 
vrtura to England, with an order protecting 
bint froiB bis crrditors, who wuiu claoiop* 
ouafor his arr>e«t (cf. Antrim to Henry Cniaii- 
well, 11 Awil ItW", in Lansdowne .W*'.l*l*l, 
14^ : and hia f-statf in .\ntriTn Iiavinp been 
■asi^ed in KatUfaction of adTenturerA'clainui, 
be received a pension from eoTemment of 
fOOL, aahwqiicnily incrwued tn HKW., to- 
|[ether with cenain lands, sa an innocent 
papin, in co, Mayo. 

A« acalholic, .\iitriin, at the llv»torat ion, 
Mood ouuide tbe Act of Oblivion, and on 



goinff to court to petition for iho restoration 
of his estate, he wA.t,lhrouf!h thorepre^ntn- 
tions of his enemies, notably of £»ir John 
C'lotworthy, who hnd Bcqiiiad considerable 
part of it in tbu hnroiiy of Uunluec c<»ni- 
] tuilted to tW Towtr, and was ouly liberated 
after BL'veriLl uionth^'inipri8(.>uiui-nt,un Lord^ 
Moore, Dillon, and Taiili'i? t-iiteritig into m- 
cogniNinceB in 20,00f)/. that he would appear 
within six w^-t"k» bt-fore the lunls jiisticr-n iu 
Ireland, t^ whom hit rnep van remitted. 
AlVrmore than fourteen months' attendance 
in Uiihlin he waa at Inst disiniiuMxl and 
allowed to Ritnrn to Kngland. With the 
awislaDce of the qiieeii-mi>lhi;r, a letter 
wnfl in Ikcemb^rr ICt(3 obtainod directing a 
bill lo be prepared for hi* restoration, but 
the council in Ireland wen^ unainmoun that 
Kticb u bill ought not in his uaee to be trans- 
mitted. AnLriui il»-rt«iiiwin |ji-iitioni'd the 
kiu^, and bia petition being n^'ferred to a 
C^'iuuiittee of tliv cunm-il, un order in hia 
favour waa after iiome delav obtained. Nol- 
willist&ndinK the opposition of Ormnnde, 
who owed him a gnifljje for hi* conduct in 
lt"17~y, the order of tbe council, togiether 
with Icltor from the kinp in hi« favour, 
WAN Ininituiitted to tlio conimiaHionerji of 
claims, and on 1*0 Auf(. 1 tl4iS he wait awarded 
ndven-eof innoLi-nce(prinlt.'diu Hill, Mac- 
JJontifHn, A[i|>. p. x.'t). Tlii* (Winiiiii *-iiu««l 
conetderable conetemnlton among the ad- 
vcnturrrn, who sjiiirird no efforts to di^^rn^it 
Antrim in the hinir'A i^yes (sm* Murtier vUl 
out, or the King's Lttter jitttifyinff tht 
Mnrquftt I'f Antrim, &c.), iind upon their 
pellliou a I'resli trial wan ordered. In order 
to prevent this. Antrim, whoffUhia weakness 
on L'tTlain techuiLiil poiulc, threw himself on 
the hinf('« merry; wht-nmjwui (he hiii)^ waa 
phased to pardon liim, and provision waa 
miidr in the Act of Kxphinulion for kin n> 
Bloration lo bis ealnTca and for cancelling 
the decree of tbe court of claims. 

(>ii hi* return to Irelftnd. Antrim found 
bis caatlo of Uunluce so dilapidated thai be 
built a new reaideoce for himself at IlallT- 
magany House, not farfiromtheca.<iTlf. lie 
was a great lover of field-"ports, and the 
remainder of hia life is traditionallv Miid to 
have bcfu dc\oti-d to huiuitif; and !mwkiii;i. 
He took no further inlerefll in politics, and 
died at Ballymagarry uu 3 Feb. lljt^'i, when, 
nftrT Ivin^ in nlati' for mimi- tiini', br waa 
buried in the family vault at Ilunnnmnir^. 
He wai a tall, clenn-limbed handnome ni»n, 
with n^A hair. For ihe n-tth'inent of hw 
Toutbru) debts he assigned in In* will the 
baronies of Carev and Kilconwny and tht> 
Long Libertiee of Coleraiue. 
Antrim'a first wife, tbe DuchcM-dowa^ 



MacDonnell 



of Buektuc'hum, died iu XovumbGr 1640, at 
WuK-rforJ, wliere she wiw Imritinl, tlimieh n 
monuniBat was tTEwted to h^r in Wcstrain- 
*tKr Abbvy. Hv mjirrit^H, )«ecoHdly, nUout 
16fi;j, Itoae, *3ftU|rhter of Sir Horry O'N'i'ill, 
«f SliBoe'e Cafitla, oo. Antrim, the only B&no 
nt«mbiv of ft flimily of livo. She 6iirvivod 
him, dyins on :i7 April L01>&, and wiu' buriod 
in St.. Nicliolfls's Chiircb, Uarricklergus. 
Antrim liud no i^ue by uilbiT of hia wivoA. 
and wa-« siiccf&Jed in the t^nrldoin by hi» 
yoiinfjcr brollipr, 

Albxasdek MacDoskell, third Eabl oir 
AwruiM, ivlio ditti nbijut IfillB. On lb>* d"al li 
of Lis fal htiT lO 1 "330 lie apent l.he t hroo follow- 
ing yciuw triivelling on the cantin«mt. lie 
zetnrned to Iriflftna Rlinrtlv before tho out- 
breatf i>f llu* rebellion, and aidf-d more du- 
ttruiitii-diy thnn did liis brother with iho 
Irish. In ll54t? he''>l)Tnin':il n rvyiinuut from 
thi'coiiffd<TftIf-F<.buldiinii|;rthfWftr]ie«i^ema 
tQ btiVL>phi,V(.>da])U<.'ili>(;iiiiirl,ini:liDiD^rnlLii'r 
to Ormondt' tUiiii to ttie fxtri'mi> tathdlir 
purly. In 1G.51 ho BKnt'd uudi^p Kvor Mac 
Altilion, lint wiirliki' bi»!icip of CInfrb''r, nnd 
was takmi prijinner at Tijcrnghan by Sir Tlnjn- 
Bbihw Jontw [q. v.] IIi< forfeitt^if the eslate 
lie iTibt!rit*d frmn liis fnllicr in thfibiironyof 
Glenorm, m. Antrim, recpivinp .1,fitX> ncres 
in L'onnaiipht as fin innocent pnpiat. From 
ICW to ItWfl bif iippt'nrt to bavo pe*id«d in 
Knffland, where bo hiid infliiotitial friendn. 
Hi; miirivL-nT'd Wifjfin in LuMCJit.hirn nt in- 
ti'rviils J'roiu HStiO to lUH.'J, mid wiw n.-iston-d 
by thu Alt of Kxnlannlion tn liin estate 
ill *lh-niirKi. On tlw d'^ntli of his brother 
in ll^ftS ho 8iicc-(wded to thft (^nrldfini of 
Antrim. During tlu' robidlion in lOttW lie 
niArfhed with liiB rft^mnfiit to the ridnfof 
Loudondi^rr}', but the citiz«ufi,miMakiiig him 
for iin onrujy. shut lhi5 KUte-s in his face, for 
'whieh ho tuirterr-d fnrfoituru a." un udlRTi-nt 
of .lunieit II. He recovered his estate hy 
ttio Artirlcs of LiiDuriL-k, but boforo hi» oiit- 
Irtwrv wan mvi-rni-d < Thfi* nf thr Kitrl nf 
Anlrim'f Caw, Orfober ItJtWil, hf- disd at 
ThistltiiTat'.T, ni-iir London, nhoiit 109S, and 
was buried nt llolywt-ll in Walrs. 

He miirrii'd, lirRt, ElizalN'th Annefiloj, 
danphler of the Karl of Anglen-'y, who dir-d 
cbildlfjwin H:W;.iocondly. TI.'h'nn,dftHghtpr 
of Sir .fohn Uoiirk of Derryinaclnchlney in 
eo.Oetlwav, by whom ho had n son, Rnndal, 
fonrth earl of .Antrim, and a dnuijhttr mar- 
Tied to Hi-nry WelU, esq., of Bnmbridff* in 
the county of youthainptun. lie also had 
&n illef^irimnto aon, Uaniel .MaeDonncll, for 
whom lid providi'd lihumlly in his will. 

[ LiMljta'^ PvuraRo, <A, Arc-hdnll, vol, i.; HiU'a 
Mai'DonncrUa of Antrim; Carte's Life of iho 
I>uk« of Ortnoade; Clarendob's ll«belllon and 



I State Papsrs; Maeray'it ral, of Cbn-ti<1oD .Stato 
Papon ; Gitberl'ii Iliitory of iin- Irinh Con- 
frdBratiou and Aphor is lineal Di!*07i-ry (Irish 
Art:luDal<mi<-al Society): RLid'sIliBi.of Hit, I'rca- 

^ Iiylcrinn Church ^ Cox's Hiljcruta AnKlii-Ana; 

I Stniff(irii'« betf-rs ; ThurloKS Staio Pnpew ; 
Whilclotkc'i JUomoriaia ; Hill'* MaaigoniL-ry 
M.'iS.; M'Skimiti's liiwi, of CiirritkfHrjtmi; I.ud- 
luw'aMoindirs; GsnJiucc's llist-.of EoKlnud. and 

, Greai Civil War.] R. 1^. 

MACDONNELL, Sir RICHARD 

, GRAVES (IS14-1J«1\ Polnnlal pov-Tnor, 
j wa5 iddvDt son of Kichard MacUonnell, IJ.D., 
I who was provost of Trinity Colli-pe, Dublin, 
I from lM>j>!tillhisdeathonlM Jan. 18^7. His 
mol her was Jane, second daiiehtpr of Richard 
Graves, dean of Ardaijh. jMardonncIl was 
bom inKublinliSept, 1^M, and wa«wducat«l 
BtTrinilvColiiiffi?,whL'rehewae(iBcholarl833, 
and graJuatvd JJ.A. 1h;i.j, .M.A. 1?;% LL.B. 
1845, and LL.D. IHtJL'. Hewaiicailfd tolh« 
Irish bar 1838, and to itiv Enjirli^h bar, at 
LincoLnalnti.iioJan. Ifltl. OnaUnly iai3 
liu was uppointiKl chit'f justice of the GEimhto, 
and on 1 llct- 1847 governor of tbo Fritioh 
EL'ttlcments on the Oambiu. While holdinf; 
that j)o»l hiTonducled aerentl expiorinff ex- 
peditions, np«nin;cup the inttirior of AfncA 
Irum the Gambia to the Senegal. He also 
orpininod and accompanied somo military 
exm'ditionii, with aucci-^ ngairist native 
triocs who had lonp oppreased tlietmdent i>f 
the rivor. In 1BS2 bu bMsme ^rcmorof 
St. Lucia, and on 10 Jan. ISfifladministnitor 
ftnd vaptain-freneni] of the i-^land of St. 
Vind-Jil. From 8 Jiin« li^ATi to 4 Mnrob 
IBlJ:! be was pownior of South Annlralia, 
wb«r« hv aid«« in o]>eniDg up the ilurray 
rivpr and in developing tlic rcriourccs of 
th» colony. JIo was afterwardB Ueuti-naiiT- 
j^nvcnior of Nova *Scotiu from :;y May 1804 
till October 18(i5, and (fovcmor of flong^ 
Itonj; from IW Uct. I^tio tiU 187^, when be 
n^tirad from thi^ public M-r^-icc on a ponainn. 
lie wna fjaietteil U.H. 12 I'wb. ish^, ws« 
linighicd by iboijutvn at Ruckinjirham Palace 
:iH Jan. IWitI, and wan cr«-nlt'd K.C.M.G. 
23 Fob. 1S71. Hifl wife, whom Iib married 
in I&47, was lElauche Ann, the tliird daugh- 
ter of l-'raucin ^^k1I^ray of Itniiuwick Square, 
Uritfhtun. 

Ho dird lit UySrr". Franre, 5 IVb. IWil, 
and was buried in Kcnmil Grttn cemct«ry 
14 F.-b. 

Ho conlributpd leltfi!* or papcro to'Tha 
f'hiinrhof IheFuttini.'nn addt»,'*« by thp Rev. 
Thoma» Rinn<>y, IKiU, and to '' Uhriol ian 
r'nion, a* diaciiMod by the Hishop of Adp- 
luide. Sir R. C. MaeDonnell, A(^„' iHo9, and 
hr- inibliahed a lecture ou 'Auctxaiia/ Dublin, 



McDonnell 



£9 



MacDonnell 



(TilMK. 8 fell. 18KI. p. 10 ; X.-n i.I tliv iinia, 

'niaUT.LBMlcoiNen, ISSi, LuTiii. Jliu :2, vich 
[>urfr«ii.] O. C. II. 

McDOiraiSLL. ROBKKT (1823*-18t'9). 
[ffmgeoB^bom atl>uhliii )•*> Mnrch lr4?fl,«8S 
1 son of Dr. John McDonnell, a d«sceti- 
I dftot of Ian Vobr of I«la and CantjTe, wlto«e 
LflRat-cnuulaoQ Vi-na AJsAliir MncCoU ilttC' 
1[iam*la[((. V.j Robert wm e<Iuciiii>il privately 
-«mtil be nlvnitl Trinil^- College. Dubliu, in 
lt^U. In ib« foUowiD^ ytmr he wu ap- 
prenticed ta Richard Carmtcba^l, tli« neat 
^Jiish nr^aoo, vtA on Cvmicltael's ucaih 
drawiuug in 1849 be wm tmufvrred to 
iHoorePetle. Robert ^radufttedBA. 
ImoA M.B. in ISoO, obtained the liceju* of 
the RoTal College of Sut;gvon8 in Ireland 
tHi -J-J ^fb. 1H51, and was adtnilt<;d a fellow 
«n 'Ji Aui;. 1&5S, ITc afterwards vistt•^d 
Kdinbursh, Part*, and Vieiuis. la 1)^, 
daring ">« Crimean war, he woa atracbed 
to the Brittsli Ilon>itaL at l;tuyma, and be 
mlaateered aa <;ivil f)ur^M>n to Mrrre in tbe 
' baepital in the camp before Sebas- 
ol. wbrrv be ntnninrd until tbw end of 
nege. For his service* he received the 
ritiab medal and cla^ end the Turkisb 
tnedal. In I8<56 be wa« appointed dcmoo- 
(rator of anatomy in the Canuicboel school 
of luMlirinf. wberv be afterwards became 
Icnun-r uu unat^imr and phj^iologr. In 
1857 he proc«wdiril ^.U. in the iinireraity 
of Dablin, and in 18<>4 he* wu.<t admitted to 
tbediWTveof M.l). in tht-Qurn-n'B UniYernily 
in Ireland. He wa« nnpninteil a ■«ir^nn X(* 
^crvis Stn-el IIo>ii>ita] m Dublin in IbtM, and 
i years later hri wa» cir-cted surgeon to 
cens's Hospital, and professor of descrip- 
F 'tire anatomy in thu uiodicat school attached 
ftott, Iul^'7ht}wa«api»iiatotlueUical9Uper- 
ateodent of tbe Mounljoy government pritton. 
ilbn discbarge of his official duties become 
ilo coUuiion with thn prUirns b'>ard upon 
tiona of the food sopply and general 
It of tbe prieonprs under hU cliar^. 
leatoailr maintained tbal lh>> m-'dicul ol'- 
' should exercise an unl*elttTed discretion 
•iirb mnttera. Tbe bnerd ihun^ht otlif^r- 
|f«i9e, and be roaigned hi« post in lw7. Sone 
lur was made to crantins him a pension, I 
Vbut in tbe interestsof hiaprofossional brethren j 
\»h» foiiifht oat tbe battle, and ewntuully olj- ! 
lined the pension. The aum of money Iliu)* ' 
rMK<{uin-d ho cuatribut4.>d atmu&lly until hi» | 
tb totlu*Hoyal Meilifvil RfrieTol«nL Fund 
Rty. He was twice electiMl by the aennte 
af Iho Oublin I'nirerNty a member of the 
«Bii-erT>ityeounfil. For some yean ho was an 
examiner at the Royal Collefie of Surgeons 
■tit Iirlaodf a body of which ho was elected 



pcBBideul iu 1877. la IbSo lut wa» elected 

rnflidaaC uf tbe Academy of Medicine in 
relaad, an lionourable position which he 
tillud for three vears. IIi> belonged tosevent 
of tile U«ding £n}^lish scientific sociel ie#, and 
among orJiera to tlu> Itoyal Society, of which 
he was elected a fellow on 1 June ISOfi. Uo 
dit>d suddenly at his house in I^terrion Sijuans, 
Dublin, on .SlouiJay, ii May 1880, as is sup- 
poaed of rupture of an aneurvHm. He yhm 
twice married, und left one i>on byhisAiTond 
wife. AporimiLwAsprwentiid bybisfrienda 
tothelrisfaCattefteofSureeonsaftiTbis death. 
McDunnuU vrns an Irishman of the rery 
bestt)'^; of ulrong individuality, of many 
ail dt'aned attainments; howasa wise surgeon 
and a gracfifiil speaker, honourable, feiirli.«s, 
and iipri^t, yet popular with all parl:iea. An 
offer of knight Iiood was twice declined by him. 
He wrote no books, but his contribminns to 
sargical and scientific iilurature were so uu- 
meroiu that they fill a column of tho'Roval 
Society's Catalogue of Scientific Papers.' He 
edited a volume uf the works of Abraham 
Collea fur tbe New Sydenham Society in 1861. 

[Ili»tory of th* Royal College ofSurceonK in 
Irdiind by Sir Cborlw Oaneron. Duhlin. IHM. 
pp. 439-31; l^inwt, 1889,1.065; British Molical 
Jimmal. 1»M, i. 1032.] ITA. P. 

MACDONNELL, SOIH.EY BOY 
(Cahoh:* Ft-avt's) tl606.*-1690), .Scoto- 
Iriiili cbipflftin, lord of the Route and con- 
stable of Dunliice Ooatle, born probably in 
the caetle of Dunsuynie, near llaUycQRllu 
in CO. .\ntrim. aliout loO-J, was sixth and 
vooogeet sou of Alexander or Al&Mvr Mnc- 
IhmncLl, lord of Isla and Cuntyn- in SctjU 
land and of the GK-nnj* in Irelimd, the t^n^at- 
fneat-^T&udsi)nofJo]mMiir.Miu-I)niincll,wlio 
ubuul 1400 married .Man[ar<-t Biisit of the 
tilyiin*. Siirltty !tciy'« nii>l bvr wiib Catherine, 
djiuehter of John Maclan MucUonnell, lord 
of Anlnumurchan. 

.Apparently during one of the many obor- 
t iveat tempts of ihelrishgorenimeiit to eApel 
till! Hebridean Hoots, Sorley Hoy was token 

Erisoner (ind inaLrceroti-d in Dublin Cuftlo, 
ut al^er an impriM>uini.'nt of about Iwelvu 
months he was, in September lno!i,exclianced 
for certain prisonvrs made by his brutuer 
Jniues on the occauon of Lnnl-depuly Sir 
Jami-H Croft's iinsucoeasful attack on the 
island of Hftthlin. Hlinrtly nftpr his release 
be rttaliai^-'d by seizing ibijcoimtaljloof Cnr- 
rickfergtis Castle, Waiter Floody, whom 
he eompelled lo pay a heavy rniuom. In 
1^58, on the death' of his brother, Colla, 
Sorley Boy, who had taken an active part in 
subjugating the MocQuillins of the lEouta, 
was appointed by his hroLber James to tha 



]QrdsIii[> ul'lliat eii-tlrict. TIib MaeCjiiillins, 
linwever, reBiatwi his nutLoriiy, und durinf; 
the eprine of l&fitt Horlvy liny wns buaily 
cngR^wl in mising troops on iha i^^otlisli 
coofit. Early in July li« Unclfd iit Miu-kntoi] 
Bay, nnd liiitUn^ ilio MacCJiiillinH strnngly 
po*n>ti at ihi' foot of Glensheidk he «ttacU(?(l 
tlieni at a place cal led BL'sl-ft-fiiiilnanrl n;-piiU- 
in^ iliomwilh Iu'H\ ylos-s drove iLem south- 
wnrde. SuTttral bloody eDCounters followed, 
but at S|]eVL'-«n-iiunL ihu MncQ'iilliiis and 



I 



tti.-ir sllitis went coniplt-ti-ly routed, nmi tUe 

' lishea 
the Uoutn. 



Macllonntills re-established in pussussiuii of 



Tlu' Sri)ttt>'li"oM.lrnn!ntn alitniutlu- Aiitriiu 
coBHt had lonf; been Ti^ffarded wiib diefuvuur 
by Ihf English povt-njinent, 1ml tliv efTurla 
made to di'Mmv ibr'm had bo signallv failed 
tliat Kliiabeth wii<i qiiit(> ready 1o li»ten to 
Certain oTcrinrc-s madt' to ht-r by fwrtoy Hny 
eliortly af^er hur nccewon, to submit to her 
authority ou condjiinn of being confirmudin 
bua puaf-L'issiuiiK, und till Lht.' Jiiorv to, probably, 
lii-iMtiiM) »b'- -■•aw ill till! Scots ft meiitia of 
curbing the powfr of Hbant' O'Neill. To 
O'Neill Ibp prowtli of «. Htntng, mih'pendt'nt 
powi'r in tlin nortb-eaflt was naturally o* 
diapleaiiilt)f a« it was to Elinnbi'tb, but iti 
thfi event of a nipluns with th« I'rowii an 
alliance with Sorley Hoy was n thiiiR not to 
be dospiBcd. As for Sorwy "Roy thrrv CJin he 
iiu doubl that liia iul«reat lay in mming to 
terms with theROTframent. In liJlK.!, when 
muttBrs hwlwi'L'n llie ifovernnii-nt and O'Neill 
were apfiroatbinp a crinis, be rwndily cori- 
Bontf^d to folhiw lliH leiid of Ar|7vll and biii 
brolhvr Jnini-K in rurnilti^r a Ii-a^iir- a((niiii>1. 
Shanfi O'Neill, merely atipulnting that as a 
reword for his si-rvici's lit' should rt'ccivw 
lett«n of denization and n f^nnx nf all thn 
landa he held as deputy for hie brother. 
EliwiEx-'l.b and ber advincnt tiprn-Hr lo hav« 
K^rdcd hiii claiuiM na somowliiit exlravu- 
g)knt,bullli'ere was an eTidc<nt dGsiitr on their 
put to arrive at somt-tiutisfact on' loilcI usi' hl 
(npn particularly tVcil'i. own inatriu-tions to 
KenryWarrnn ln.SYff^^/'ffl;jfr»,Irr?la'nd,Elix. 
ii. 14). OljAtiiclpi, bowfivi,'!-, ami"? fonvbii-h 
neither nid^ wa* wholly rcsitotuiblr. A* tiina 
went on and the ritunlinn nf alTiiira altonid, 
Iheffovt'mnient becaraelpManxioniitii iri-nt, 
and the munh'r of AWter MncKnndnl Bny 
MncdonofU and bis brother (iilUspic hy 
Andrew Bn-TPlon in March KiW( modu Sor- 
ley Boy stand on the defunsive. A luoiitb or 
tiro IfLter penile was (concluded between tli« 
govcrnmunt und Sbaiiu O'Nuill, Tbc Inttfr, 
who had boon wailinfr bis ii|iportiuiily to 
bn'iik uji the' nurtliL'm confedLTucy, thoimbt 
tb» tnmrii.'tit t'cir ficlion had arrived. Vt>ilin)t 
liis intention under the ^uiae of lojaU}', ha 



in August ir>&4annoiuic«dhisd«l«miinKtion 
lo CAptil Surtey Boy and tbeScote. Ilis re- 
noUilton wnM npjdaiidvil t>y govi.<mmt>nt and 
immediately put into execution. In a hatlle 
n^-ar CoK'niitm Sorli>y Boy was bimwlf 
wonndM and his t.>rritor>- afturwords laid 
wastv with fire and sword. In ilia spring of 
thofotlowinpy*ar, L&IVi. O'Neill reneweduis 
invasion, and, prgceediu^ northward tlirougli 
the (.ilynns, dt-stroyed oa Ikr a« posaible 
I'verj' tract.' of Lbu ScottiBh MJttlQmentc. At 
UaLIycastEehei^ncountHrrtdthit Mai-nuiinrlU, 
and in thu bultk' that followed Sorloy Boy 
uud Juin'^ MuL'DonuL'll were tiiltun prisoners. 
A few luoiillis lati'f .[ntm-B dii-d in. priMiii, 
uot without euspieion that his end bad been 
purriosi^ly Laitirm'd bv 13'Neill. Fortwoy*>»r» 
.■^orlev lioy remained in cnptiviry, bur early 
in ioij? Shane O'Neill, wbose situation had 
become deapL'mle, dt'K-nninpd—flcting, it ia 
conjectured, on the advice of Sorley boy — 
to malce a poreonal appeal for assistance to 
Ibi3 Antritu HcoM. fho MacDonciL-tbt bud 
neither forgotten nor forgiven hi* treuiment 
of thuir chief, and, without suppoung hie 
murdi-r to havn b.'en di-lLli^mlidy nlann<-d 
beforohand, it may well have hetrn tlint liia 
jin-wnw in their midst and bis arrogiint de- 
meanour provokrtd thi-m boymd i-noitranee. 
To the Roveriiment, hownver, Sorley Jtoy 
wn« almoflliLAobioctioiinble as t^hnne o'Noili, 
find vuriouH ^cbtiiae^WfruKut on fool tocom- 

Sal biui to abandon bis Irish po!u>ei.«ioDa. 
lut Sorley Boy, whoeinw the death of Shane 
bad been occupiod in sln'tijjtbeninn lit* mn* 
ueccion in Scotland, liinded at Marketon 
Hay on 27 Nov, at iho liesd of tix or seven 
hundred redshanks, in who*e prwenr* he 
swory never lo leave Ireland with bis pood- 
will. The mwsof big landing sprrud «ln^ide^- 
ableconstemationchrouKhotHi'inl circles, but 
though Klizabcth issued peremptory orders 
for liiH exniiUion, no aUi.>mpL wait made lo 
t'Xecule iboiu, end Surley IW, who con- 
rtiistently alined at conciliation, nfler niraiB 
urftini; Iht; lejiat reOoHnition of bin claitiiK, 
n-tumL'd to Scotland, where he appears lo 
hiLvc taken n personal pari in n conflict 
lietween the Clan Oonnell and Mn/'Ij'anfi. 
During the year lliitrr were rontiniml m- 
mniirn of n combination between him and 
Turlough I.uinench O'NhII. but tboujrh ho 
was probably prt'senl at the marriagfofTur- 
loiigli and the widow of bis brother James 
in Rathlin Inland in tbo uutuinn of ir>t<\l, it 
was not till Kebniarv iri7l, when the air 
was full of the c{ilnnisnliun scliemes of fsir 
Thomas Smith and otbir», that he de«-med 
Iiis prusence in Ireland nficessnry, tjeiiving 
his son Dcinnell with ibre** hundred Seubi 
to guard the (llynns, he retumctl to Sco»- 



land to niam fimb troops. Id Febnwrv 167S 
hfr m&de a siulilco atlA^k nn CarrirklV-rgiiii, 
bat VBSRpuI^ed by ilie ^rrison. and hiiui>elf 
WDOndod. He had nalurally t'elt apprchon- 
tive It tbp atiaouiicviDi-ui of Smiibs iatc-n- 
Hqii, but finding the lattir afl**r a time will- 
ixig lo coiDo ifl temia wiib him, ba a^in 
ontktTtti a |Mli(iim to b^ Tv>cii);niiiiN] ng tb« 
u^bI own*?? of the tptrilory he claimed. In 
C^rwrnnline bis petition Smith S)i(^reat«tl that 
if it wasffranlM it would bf>adri«ahlcto per* 
made Sorley Boy to adopt the reformed re- 
liKHiti. Chi 14 April IbiA lt-tt«n pat«Qt of 
daaiiation wi>re addntwed to bim, but the 
dctonoination of the Earl of I^sex to re«>iinie 
Smith '# project Rc«ms to baro had the effect 
of friutr«tiii2tb«m. NevertlwIi'Ss.tlivArnv&l 
of the Earl of Kssex in the summer of that year, 
iioiTvittulaitdiii){bi(-<.<fl(>rt6 tosmoulbthvway 
bjr nei^ialiiiiU with the n^'<>nt of Scotland 
I lie Eari of .Wgyll for the revocation of 
1 Scot*, dill net miitt^iallj affect tb* Hitnn- 
a. For finding Sir Rrtnn MacrhclLm 
f^vill [a. T.], on whose EubmisRion he had 
Uid conndrrable atora, but a fieklt^ ally, 
b«i in November turned hii attention to 
Boy. -who bad recently renewed hia 
of aubmiiuiion. Nothing, bowuvor, 
of the matter, andiii July l^7fi Kmcx, 
maoaffed to cume to some sort of 
with Tiirlmif[h l.nin<.>Bc!i, mad* a 
etenniiied eflbn to Kubdite Sorter Roy. 
imawbare in the neighbourhood ot Cnette 
! be inflict4Hi n sharp dofi-ftt upon bim. 
^ — -^toQB running short hu returned lo 
^'ii.«, whero be deputed Captain 
^J L.. ^ - as ^o. v.] to procetNl by s<^u 8g«iu«t 
I ValbiLD liland, where SorloT li-iy had ' put 
Bio»t of his platf, most of bis children, and the 
cbildrvi) of mott part of bin gmtUmi-n with 
their wires.' for tbe aak^ of aof.itv. Xorria 
■ird "ut bi» inntmcttom to tbeWler, and 
Iloy. who from tho mninlnnd oaw the 
I of all those that were nearest and 
to him. w^nt almost frantic with 
r. Notwithattuuling his tvrrible 1o»«. 
Dot is tha beginning of September 
~ <town on Carrickfcrgu8 bdu carried 
Ite townsmen'* cattle; d&fi.-niin$f the 
irrisou who tried to rescue I hem. A month 
kter!!*irIlvDry Sidney found thijOlvnusand 
te in the tHi<^«>-_«ii)n of Sor!i-y Hoy, 'thii 
gtryfuU orcorn and cattle, and the i^^ota 
J haughty and proud bv r«atKtn of the 
tat« Tictorii» he hath had.' ^rley Boy was, 
bowerer, willing to treat on the old terms, 
•ad Sidnoy having agrc^^d to a co«satinn of 
liostilitiea, ui>derlook to forward lii^ jwtition, 
tboDg'b peraonallr in favour of restoring the 
UKC<juillinB lo tbe Route, and of lupporting 
tbe elaima of Jamva MacDonnell's aons to tha 



■Tm« 



roome. 



rtriey 



VUoau 



yvj 



Olynns. The privy council, to whom be re- 
ferru 1 the question, declined to more in tbe 
matter, and tliinga wum ilIIdwim] to drift 
bofk into their old poiition. Tkn aame 
policy of inavl ion watt pursued by Sidnetr'a 
tmmedinte Kurceiuiont, and nolwithstnndiDfr 
ihv L-fforls of tbe MacQuillin^ to nvovor the 
Uoutf, .SoHfv Boy. by frti«b arrivals from 
Scotland and by bis nllianf pj with Tiirlough 
Luinuavb, became yearly more poworful. So 
gn>at indeed waa the inlhi\ of Scota at this 
time, that, according to Sir Nicholas Malby 
\n. v.], Ulster threatened to become a stKond 
Scotland. 

8u>cb wasthesilualionofaffainiQ Auguft 
1584, when Sir John Perrot [q. v.], alarmed 
by rumours of frush arrivula, deiunnined to 
make a strenuous eilbrt to irstwl .Sorley Boy. 
Mutitoring what forces he could, he pmci-eded 
northwanbi; hut tin- n«ws of his preparations 
bad already alarmed Sorlny Itny, who, aft<*r 
making hasty arrangements for the snlely 
of bis foUowen^, aliped aeroM to 8cotlana, 
where he bad soon collected four ihouMod 
Islesmen, with whoM assistance he deter- 
mined to make a nwdulc cfforl to rt-covt-r 
bis position in Ulster. Perrot, who bad 
reaped little honour from hia elaborate ex- 
pedition, seems to bar<^ con niwd nt iLi»'ht*ro» 
forSork-y Boy'a us^juaination. which, bow- 
ever, proTwl unsuccesaful (Hiale Papen, 
Ireland, VA\x. cxii. IK), ii.) In .Tanuoir 
I.'tFii^ Sorley Boy arrived at Cusblndun witi 
wlist forc<-s he coiiM muster, jiwt in time 
to 8»vo his nephew, Dotuudl Gorme, who 
waa vftinty trying to hold his nvra agiiiiiat 
Sir W. Stanley and Sir H. Bogenal, from 
dcstruotion. But the situation ofTervd little 
prospect of suecen, and having nbtAin(^d an 
interview with Captain Cerleil, he offered 
to submit on tbe conditions olfuri^d bim ten 
vinr* Iwrore by Sir Henry Sidney. But 
t*flrTot,who had dt-wrmincd to expel him, 
declined to listen to anv t«rm», and ao, 
buntM from one stronghold to auoilmr, 
Sorley Boy was at lai?t gtud lo escape to 
Scoliiind. A few months later tin* MacDon* 
ntilKuotwilhsliuidinglhethreflts fulminated 
against them by Jamva Vl(ifwnijV/on Papers, 
it, 6^2), were buck agniii in i-imsidiTnble 
oumbeta in tbu Glynns.aad a smutl body of 
them having succi'^di-d in mrnphuring Oun- 
luee Castle, IVrrot rvluctanlly conaonted to 
tr*-«t with Sorlcy Roy. The'latler wa» at 
Brst unwilling to go to Dublin, but the exft. 
rulion of his eldest son, AlaRtvr, bit>ku hU 
re-iolnlion, and in Juno l5t*tJ he prosi-nted 
bim>ielf before the lord deputy. Prostrating 
himself lieforo a picture of (jufwn Elizabetb, 
and kissing ' the pantoflo of the Mma ' 
{Cat. iitate /^^r», Ireland, it. 85), be od* 



* 



mitiivi tlmt hv liKcl lift If^iHl rigbl in Li Later, 
cxprrsiif-r! his sorrow for bis paar conliimiicy, 
aud (iromisod fiiitlifiilly to iibi(i« by itU'-li con- 
ditions M were impoBixl upon liim. An 
oHiciiil. it 19 eaid (Hill, Macliomirii* ■>/ 
./iw^n'm, p. 187), briitftlly ahowad Him hi« 
eonV ht^ttu over the castle gate, to vrhicli ko 
proudly replied, ' My aon hath many hendt.' 
On 18 Junu iiidviiinroe were figned (CbJ!. 
CdTW MSS. ii. 427), wliereby he nsceivod 
letlAra of danizacion, together with u ^rant 
by inifilit'* 5iTvia>, thr* y>-jirly piiviueiit of 
fifty b<»*T.-»,t.wMvehtiriiempn,ftMa forty foot- 
men to (svery hostiuR, to himsylf. nnd tho 
issue male of his b"ay, of nil I. he limd bt-- 
twoen the flnnn and tiie ]tu»h, (Jinbraciuif 
tlie greater mrt of lh« liouti?, Iht* con^ll(lbI^^- 
ehip of Punliice CBStkt, and iiicli land to the 
oast as waa not included in a jp-ant to his 
n^pbBvr Anpua. From thii timu forwnrd 
he pivu nu croubI<' to ibo stale, tUougb his 
naint! ti^rfsa in a list of ' doobtful persons' 
drawn up by Sir WiUiam Fiuvriilium [q. v.] i 
in \hf&. till (litnl at Oiiiuiiiynii' Ciutle earl^ 
iti 1590, and woa buried in the older vauft 
in the ■bbey of Butiiiiimairp'. It \* tnidi- 
tionally stated that when hi* son Kimdn.] 
built tlie new vault in IU:il he tranptfi'ired 
his falher'fl rsmainB thitlior, but no tiac-j of 
his culUn L8 DOW to bo found. 

By biswifi- .Mary,daujliterofConO*Xt>ill. 
first carl of Tyroiio, wlio diud in I-*H2, Sorley 
Boy biid.fiuKiiip otbt-r children, Alaater, who 
waakillBd^nanoiL'd ttbovi', in IfiSO; Donnoll, 
who is MJd t" liavi* Ihwii nlain by Turloinjb 
Iii]in<«ch (I'Neill; Sir.Iiiniiw.whnBurceeded 
his fathtT, and died suddenly nl nnnliipu oti 
ly April HKH ; Sir Unndnl, first; rmrl of An- 
trim {d. 16;i6) [q.v-l; Angus, aad Ludaror 
Lother, who was lmplicatl^d in the 1SI4 
conspiracy. Uf ]iisdauKhl«rs,one is said to 
buvii bHen lanrrind to the ohief of tbu Slac- 
nngli tens in. Scotland; unDthurt')Muc:(juil]in 
of the Uiiiilf; iL ihird t*> Cormack D'Nt-ill, 
hrothf-r of Hiiph, narl of Tyrone ; a fourtli 
to Mag^nnis, lord of Ivenffh, and ii fifth 
to Sbaiie Mut-Brinn MucPhelim O'Neill of 
Ciandi'b'iyo (w?e MucFirbia's pedi}{T«.'e in 
H]LL, MiuJhmitH* of Aiifrim, App. i. and 
the pp'di^iN' in flarl. MS. 1 I2R, f. l^SK 

From iiif'iniiat ion received by Sir W. Fiti- 
willinm in UeloI«r l.">&8 (C'al. .^rn^<* Papers, 
IrL'bmd, iv. O.'i, CH(, it appears tlinl Sorley 
Hoy, who was thon about eiphty-tbr4:ie yonra 
of auu, married iu iLiit inoulh u. daughter of 
Turlongh Luineach. U'lS'eill. 

^Ixidgi^'ii Poomge, «d. Arohdnll, vol. i. ; Hill's 
Macdunni'lU uf Antrim ; Suio Popcm in Bolt* 
I^Rica, London : Hiiniltan'ji Cal. of Iriah Stitto 
Frtpora, voU i-iv.: Cal, of Careir MSS. toIb. 
Ut. ; Morria's Cal. gf Patent Itotia, Elis. ; Cat. 



□f Finata, GIiz. ; Colttna'a Sydaay Papcn : Viveo- 
r«Dx's LiT»af t.h* RitrU uf Ksvi; Kilkanny 
ArchtMl. JouTDol, 1$B5, pp. t33-')B; I>. Orv 
gnry'e WtsMrn UiBhlAnda; SpoiliawooJo Mia- 
celliUiy, ii. :i01 ; Bxgwell'a Ireland under Iha 
Tndotb: Ulsuir .Toornal of Archieolvnty. vols., r. 
riii.; Annals of th(^Faar3Ja!jtera,L>d.O'OonoTai], 
vi. im&i HimLMSS. Comm.ardficp. p.48J 

B. D. 

MACDOUGALL, AIJA\ f 1750 P- 
iRrfU), Gaelic poet, knon'n aa Rlinu Allaa, 
was bom in Glencoe, Arpllebire, about 
1750. At an earlv age he wiw apnrt- iit ic«<d 
To an itini^rant tailor, and during ni» wan- 
derings lie committed to memorv manv lini?4 
of Gaelic poetry, then onilly preserved, and 
he tbtia quickened a natural aptitude for 
composing aatirical verse. One day while 
lit wurk iu' <|uiiri\.'Ili*d tvitli a felluw-lailor, 
who jiieri'i'd hiD eve with n mtKlli", and the 
wound rendi^redbini totally blind. He afl«r- 
wardM mnd«i n living iti< a ut rolling muxician, 
attnnding noiintry Iiia^ta with hia fiddlf, nnil 
reciting nia own eompn«ition«. In 171*0, 
hnving rcocrivod a hou.-«« and a plot of land 
at Inverlochy, near Fort William, be retired 
thithor, Qnd,-nrith the aBsiAtaneo of EwanM«e- 
luchbui [q. v.], himself a poet, made urana*-' 
n]i>ntsforpul>liahinghiaG&«lic Terser, wliicli 
duly uppmred at Edinburgh in 17&B,and io- 
cindi'd «i:nf work bv .Macliicbln.n. I'-ohmel 
HncDnnald, Inird of Glenjrfirry, puhe«qiipntly 
tornk Macltnuguli under hi» car", and iip- 
poinwd him birtfiirailv bard. In IrtiS the poet 
travelled ovur the Western Highlands, soli- 
citing tinbjicrintions for a n«w cdittnn of bis 
book, but before it waa issued he died, in 
Wi'Iii. Qe it buried at KiJlinAD, Arg^'llabire. 

[Reid'sBibliothMaSMto-Coltiea; liacVmiie's 
iloautie* of Giwlic Poetry.] J, 11- M. 

McDOTJOALL, FliANCIS THOMAS 
(1(417' lHSU>,biahop of Labuun and Sum waV. 
Ijoni at Sydenham in 1817, was son of Wil- 
liam Adair McUougnll, captain in the t^tJi 
regiment, and bis hcvhood was spent antc>n|f 
military surroundings. Hi» mother, wboaa 
KiaidHii name waa i.Ml, bad atmng ruligiouH 
principleH of the evsngulical type. At her 
euggcfition McDuugull was entered as a 
uii^icnl Mudent at tbe university of Malta, 
wberts his falhor's regiment waa (luartcred, 
and liH walked the liostiilnlii at VaUtl.t*.. In 
1835 he benime n medical eitudent n.T Kin^s 
College, London, and griidunled in medicine 
at I<oudon University. .Vccompanyinjr ft 
voung gentlfman to Oxford as physician, 
Ik; matriculated at Maj^dnlen Hall, and grs- 
dunled B.A. in 18-12, rowing bow in tbo 
univemity eight wlitcli boat Oambridjrc in 
the same year. On leaving Oxford hv found 



umpluytDt'Ot iu euperiuiendiog some iroa- 
worJu ia Soutb Wales, aitil soon married 
Hurielte, •Iaug'Iit«r of KoU<rt Julin Bunroa, 
-who WK* ooaiU9ct«(l with the coooaru. llie 
Mtsr nster manivd Bishop Ctdensa. The 
worke fu)k>d, anil w«r« cloMcl. T)ier«upnn 
VcDoogBll, in acf^ordanoe with n redolve 
{bnned At Osfonl, took holy orders, llv 
wBs ordaised in l^Vt kj Pr. SlAnley, bi-^hnp 
of Norwich, and became cunte firet of Faru- 
liwgKiirn I'ip:it. aod in 1846 succcMivt^ly of 
St. Mark'c Ldkeaham, a pnpuloii« suburb 
of Norwich, and of fhri"! t hurch, H'obum 
&i{uar^, Loodon. In lt^7 he had oltsoet 
amnlt«Di-oii.^ly thi-nirm of a pi-rmanont posi- 
tion at the KritL-<b Museum, which h« could 
hold with bia curacy, and of mission work 
ID Bomiv^ under the auiipioea of Sir Jai&vs 
Brooke [q. v.], the newly ootistituted rajah 
of Sarawak. n« cboM th* fbrmt-r, for the 
nk» of hit Sunilj, but afterwanlB r«nentcd, 
tad in Deeember 1^7 set out for Borneo. 
Thne ne» wm« then Kttlod in that part of 
Bomoo in whidt thv McUoit^ill* lab>jurvd: 
tfc•^ Malays, who had come over from th^ 
H&Ihv pfuinEula on ihv oppoeilo shurc, and 
wi^rv Ibr ruliitji chuia ; the iialivK Ut-aks, and 
the iroroiiin^nt Chinese. Tbv Malays were 
l|abomni«dniui upon whom liltl" iniprvii*inii 
Coold be made; but. tlin Dyaks and ihe 
Ohiaoe, wpecially the Dyaks, were much 
more pratnisinf^, McDougatI found bift mo- 
dicftl snuwlMl^ of ^reat service. Medical 
niiwifi 1 1 II wer*.- not then understood ; and he 
hti trOf^plAiu lothuHipponeniof the iiii^iou 
that in uiinij bia medical i>kill he wa»> not 
cnLnifout nt ht^ pnmer tvherv aa a Chri;>lian. 
WitK tltv in\^luabin aid of .llry. Mcnuu^-al) 
he estahUfihed what wna ^^nn<>d a * Home 
School,* ia which cbildrvo were trained frttm 
ht&Dcyiii the principl4>iiof Chnatinnity. Tn 
18>VI ite returned home in order to manage 
the tnui<f>-r of the miMion from the Bont'-o 
liani'm i^Kiety, wboiui fund« caiuv to an 
id, to the boeiety for IVopajrating the 
'Honel which adopted it. In 1^54 hi' was 
back again in Sarawak. TIm n-ork of the 
mUwoo grew, and aa more cler^ and cate- 
diiata came to take part in it , ttfed was full 
'w a pr"p»Tlv c<>n.*tiln(i-d hvad. .\ft«!rinany 
ifficull i"", McDoupitl waaappoinled bishop, 
Ilia title at first, not from Sani^'aK, 
,__ the bulk of his work kv, hut from 
nnall lAland of Labuan, on ita coa«t. 
f^arawak waa a tuuire state und« an English 
n^^ah ; Labuaii wa» the only apot ill Ibotvteu 
under the immediate coulrol uf tbe colonial 
ofiee, and it was then thouifhl impo»ibl« to 
rrrct a btaliopric beyond the dominions of 
the crown. He waa conaecrated at Calcutta 
«a Su Luke'B Day, 1b&6. This ww the first 



Goaiceraiion that had taken place out of 
Knglund, and it was by Bpeciaf (»njmi^ion 
from tho Archbishop of Canlorburv to tho 
Ht«liop of Calmitia (Dr. Diinu'l SV'iltKio). 
MeBoii^all had many trials ; hiii children 
divxii bis D\«'n health and that of his wife 
were impaired, thoiiffh they both remained 
bravely at their poet when others deserted it ; 
and an insurrection of the ChineAc in 1859 
n>:!arly nwopt away all the good work that hud 
been dooe. 

In 1 ^2 McDou^l's poaitjou u-ustk-riouidy 
imjjerilled. He accompanied Captain Uruuko, 
the rajah's nephew. whowoA then taking hia 
uuok's place nl Sarawak un a three months* 
crui.-ir-. (In their way the ahip vtm atUckv-d 
hypirat4!S,whu far outnumbered them. Kv<>ry 
nvuiUhl" mini wnit nt tin* iitmoat importnnee. 
Th(! bifibnp fell it h'la 'stem duly* to take part 
in the combnt. He fought bravtdy, and ap- 
plied his modical skill to drcM tlie wounds 
of hie comrades. Unfortunately ho sent an 
accountof ihcaflrny to the* Time*/ '" which 
ho adoptod rather too bellieow atuni'. 'My 
dfiublc-barrelled Terry's breech-loader,' lie 
wrotu, 'pruvi'd itM'U'u must deadly wtjapua 
for ita trut! sIiontii)ii and ci^rtainly and 
rapidjtv of firing.' The Bishop of l^ndon 
(lir. Tnil) shrewijly told Mcllowgall, 'Tho 
letter will .tnon he forgoMcji ; bnt wht'n you 
next ^t into a similar encounter, you must 
get vour wife to write obout it." 

Xiie bidhop'fi troubW did not intL'rforu 
with his work. Converts both amon^ the 
DyuJu and Chinufio increaw^d. In three 
conseculire ycfarw, IHU4, ISOo, and IStlH, 
the bishop held diocesan ^nds of all his 
cl>Ti;v. tl« n-wrote a ' Miifay Praycr-boolt,* 
which he had pnbliahed throiigli the Soci*ity 
for Promotioc Christian Ivnowledije in 1857, 
and pr»^nttn'd 'A Cflti'cliism for the u*o 
of the )liseions of Ihe Church in llomeo,* 
; which was published in ISWS. Meanwhile 
his health uad iu 18(>7 comp>.']tL<d him to 
return to England, and in tlie spring of IS68 
he rL'ilignod liis biirhupric. Dean Stanley 
prMMmlfd biui to tbi* virnroj^ of Godman- 
Chester (l*4tB), where he Inrmpd a cloes 
friirndsbip with the bishop of the diocese, Dr. 
ilanild Bniwnf, who inaili' him archdeacon of 
Huntingdon in 1B7D, and canon of Kly in 
1871. ^^^n?ln Br. Browne waa iranH]at«d 
from Ely to Wiiichiwiter, he took ^IcDougoll 
with him, giving bim acanonryat Wiiichua- 
t^-r in If^7.H. and the archdeaconry of tlie We 
of Wiifhl in IJN-I. To these he added in 
1886 the small vicarape of MUfnnl. Then? 
be diwi on 10 Nov. 18«f. Mrs. .McDoiifrall,. 
who pnbli^lK'd ' l.ctt<rrafrDm Siimwak on Uor— 
tieo,' I85>l,and 'Sketohesof our I.ifeat Sara- 
wak,' li^-2, predeceased him on 7 May IdSO. 



■ 



[Memoin of FnLDcJi ThomM McDoug*!!, 
BOuivlimo Hbhop of LnbuAti and Knniimk. nad 
df U»rr><tU«" his wtfo, bv bnr bTothiT, CbnriiM 
John Bunyoii, 1S80: Skotcliiu uf our lifu lu 
Uurjttnik, bjr lltkrriiittaMeDoHg.tll. 1HH;1: IiHltAra 
ffom Smmwale, ii^ldreweJ to a child (Uarrictlu 
UcboB^Till. >^l"i^i 18M).] J. H. 0. 

MACDOUaALL, Sib JOHN (1790- 
IHO'*)), vii'jt-riilinirnl, haru in 17iXJ, was thf 
•oconrl Hon of Pnlrivk MhcDou^U uf Dun- 
oily Oastli', Ari,'ylUliir«, liiit-nl rejiniiimiita- 
tivc of till- StncDfiu^llfi of Lomt-, hr Uia wife 
Loui^ui, yoiiiiK'^Ht duiiflityr oF JoliQ Cwiupliell 
of Achn!l»'l'^t- in Argyllsbiro. IIU «1<!tT 
bmtbi-r, Ali>xand(>r, ca]>uio !n the 5th ra^i- 
EQi'iit offont.wii" WilUxl in l^l'J, nt tlie storm- 
ing of Ciiidiitl Ilixlrig(>, Jolm MacPoii^aH 
•JDturt-iJ til'* navy i" December 180i!, on board 
thfi C'ruiBpr sIiKip. actively i-mployod on tho 
nurtLi coo*l wf J'Vaoce lurnug^U lyO-t. In 
1801 ht' w&A in the Doris frigate witb bis 
ctiuun, I'ltlricU Ciiui|>b<.-ll |^<)- v. ; bl'u also 
QnnrnBLL, 8tR C'OLIS, 1776-18-171. Wlwn 
thL- Doris wo.'^ burnl, Jamiary 1805, lie wua 
appointed to Ibi? Ilwro, iii wliitb liu wiw pr>— 
sent in the nctinii offCaiip Finlsiflrre, 2'2 July 
1805 sou CitiiEK. SiK ItiiJiKRr]. IIb was 
iiflt-nvards a^iii willi Patrick Ciunpbi-U in 
the CbiiroiiiK*, ami in tbe t.'iiitt fmia June 
lf*Oll til \o*i'mhL-r 1800, during wliith time 
he was repcati-ilLy L'ligaj^ in boat notions in 
the A.lrUlin. On ^5 Nov. 1809 be was |jrr>- 
jnnt'.'il hyljordCoUingwooil to bolioutenimt 
of tbe Ville do l'iLri9i,H. prnuintion confiruiml 
by till' admiriiltyonS Jan. ISIO. In May IS 11 
he was ujjain upjM.iinti.iiI to ihe Unit*, which 
under tbt'CrtniinamlnfUaptainCliBnilierlnyne 
«tiLl formed part of the sqiiadrun in the 
Adriatic. The service wm vory ik>vore, Lnd 
MocDou^ll wiLS, as before, frequeiicly en- 
gnjiwd in boat actions. In Kovcrancr 1811 bo 
waflin t^ominnnd of aurieoto t uke ht^rtoUalta, | 
wbeD hi' fell in with three French ships of. 
war, ' Witb a jiid^(>nt and 2L>nl wliicli did | 
him infinite cn.*jit ' int rfl.urnwl In cmnmnni- ■ 
cute his iiiti-lli^enrn to the fienior ofEcer, 
CapLiitii Murray Maxwi'll [l- "■■]• """^-^ '''" , 
result that two of tli« French nliips we-r* , 
capturod, Tuwnrds the end of lt^l2 he was 
invalidvd from ihe Unit*; in 1814 bo was in , 
the l^andf'r on tlio coast of North AmcricA: 
and iu 181*) wn* a lieutenant of the Superb 
with (Vptaiii China, at tho bomburditiL^nt of 
Algiers, '27 Au(;. In 1819 ho w».t lliiff'licu- 
t«Dant to lli-ar-iidmtral Donald ('atupDoH iti 
thtf Wi'st Indies, und was olEmlly thauki'd 
by the king '.'f Di'nmark, through tbi; lunln 
oTtho ndtniralty, for his cnndiict in saving 
the crow "f/i Diini*!i shiii wrwckud in » Inim- 
pane at St. Tii'iinaJt, Hfl wiw promoted to 
he Cttinmuuder oa U Feb. 1^20, 



From 1&').') to lts35 he comtnAnded the 
Ntmnid on the const of Portugal, and woi 
proniotM Co be caplnin Di Aug. ISSti. In 
February 1845 hi'cocomi&uoned the Vullun', 
pitdilli>-whL-cl friKato, for the Bast India 
elation, and in April 1847, bt^ine tkun Bentor 
otlicfr at llon^k-Jiig, fticort«l tli« govttmor, 
Sir John Davis, with a etron^ body of troops 
ii|j I he riviir to dm ton, r.rjfjtiiring the llojue 
forts on the way, spikinjf unwardn of five 
hmulriHl^fiinKnnJdextrovinKt lie ammunition 
(BufUtiniio/.Stafi> UteUinenet, 1K17, p. ^(iiy. 
it wqtild appearthac theCXIunese were taken 
iinawiin-s, hjkI that the forts were not garri- 
eoned to their pmp«ri*trenpli. He returned 
tf> England in 1(<18. He had no further 
itfir%'i(*, but was promoted to bo rcar-fulmtral 
on Ij May 18^7; wn« nomiuated a K.CB. 
10 Nov. 1S82; attained the rank of vt«^«- 
admiral 3 Nov. 18U3 ; and dltid at Dunolly 
on 12 April IRfiS. II.' raarrif-d in 1838 
li^lizabvlh Sophia, onlv daughter of Coraman- 
ili-rClinrliM SliHcionTiininsof thernynl navy, 
und had i.-^^ue, ainoiifrothorA. Coloni;! Charles 
Alhin, Ihe pr^jMeiit laird of Danolly, Patrick 
Cliarl'-,'" ("rtmplx'II, who died a commander in 
the nu.vy iu 1801, and tioiuerlvd, now a 
captain on the retired liAt. 

[O'Byico'B Nav. Biog. Diet. ; Times. 17 .\pril 
I8C5.I J.K.L. 

MACDOWALL, AXDUEW'. l,oRn 
lUxKTos (IllW-nCT), Scottish jud;.''?, bom 
in llH'), won .wcond ann of Bolvrl Mac- 
dowal of Logan, by hia wife Sarah, daughter 
of Sir John Shnw of On-onock, bnrf. IIb 
was educated at tbe iinivvr»ity of Kdintnirj^li, 
and WdJ admitted an &dvocitt'(?,LM Feb. 171)8. 
He aucoeedcd John Sinclair of Murkle, 
Caithness, Ji July 1755, taking the titli of 
Lord Bimkton, and rontinuod in that p'^t 
until he died nt Riinkton, ^2 Oct, 1<00. 
From 174-1 ha had pfiase,>w<^ the AiiUte of 
Olivestob, formerly owned by Colonel Gar- 
dinpr. He wo-i author of ' An Enotitnto of 
Ihe Laws of Scotland in Civil Itiehts,' in four 
hook*, after the method of I^ord Stair's ' In- 
stitutions,' 3 ToU. fol., 1751 3. 

[Urunton and Kite's SoiiaLun of tbe Royal 
College of Justice ; Aadors^n's Honiw of Hamil- 
loii, p. 330 ; Murray's Literary History of QaU 
loTay, 2nd ed. p. 1 65 : IWks of Sed^irunt ; 
Scots Mag. 1760. xxii. ftSj; CaUloguo of the 
.Signet Library. Edtnburgh.] J. \. H. 

MDOWALL, WILLIAM (181^18**), 
joumnlint find anti(|Uftry, iwm at Maxwell- 
town, Kirkcudbright shire, '2\ July 1815, was 
eon of a traveller for a cahi net-making timi. 
IteceivinK a good scli'ioL education iu Dtuu- 
frles, he learned bookbinding th'-re, and en- 
largvd hia vxpuriuucu in Olasguw aud Loa- 



I 



III 1(^13, on bpTMniinif r trve chuicli- 
tOMtt, be w&s anpoint/!<l to tliH rdifoml ^talf 
of tbi* 'Sriiitiali Htrnltl.'vi Kiinburgli free 
cliurcb p4ppr. anil wa* itfti-rivArd« for k abort 
limt* rrporUrr on tlic'Itanner of UUcer.' In 
184H he bvAim' editor of tbc ' Dumfrie<i nnJ 
OftUows;' Standard," anil with n ahort lu- 
l^rffll. (Iiiriuit wbicli lie Mirt^l a SuuiIirUtnl 
pBper, About lS-VJ-4. .M'Dowall conducfed 
tbo 'Gallowij Suoilnrd' till his ilvitli, 
runlng it toNiiinlluL>ntialpasitinn. Apuhliiv 
ntflted cttijmn, hn wm onnwted with all 
the Imdinft institutiaiu of hi* biiri;h, and in 
In* ' Uiiton' of Dumfriea,' it**?" (i^nlfir^'d in 
I87S), h>* iirvnluL-i*! A mofit voIiiHble reconl. 
Hedivdst Dumfrit^ 2F((>ct. I8.'<S. JIovos 
twice otATriod, and his second wife survive* 

fciiti 

M'n>itrall displays (fmoe of foiicr ftiid vx- 
imBion in ' Tho STanoftlie Wood-t And other 
Poems' iHiblisJiwJ in 1844, 2ad udii. It*>l3. 
Two rhapi«rs of hi» ' ll'M^rj of Dtimfrir-ii,' 
■rialing to Buns, were sepantelv iiWuM in 
1870 »A ' Burn* in DumfrieMhiiv.' In 187H 
hi; ptiblisbed 'Memorials of St. Micbnel's 
Churr-byan],' a compilation, of antiquarian 
and tnosT^hical importAOce. His * Mind 
«a th» Facs,* which appeared in l^i, and 
t«fU!hfd a third edition in 1888', ia a sub- 
stantial rontribution to thvlitvcacuri.* of pbv- 
uogDomy. M'DowaU's aumptuouii and kx- 
(haustive volume,' Cbnmiclea of Lincbidi^n. 
•«an Abbeii-andaa aCollnci.-,' wns pubUHliM 
in l^sfl,and hia last work, igauod in IHKH. 
t» a •ludv of bftlliid-wriUrte, entitled ' Amonp 
the Old Scottish MinatKls.* 

ritnmfrica aail OaUowar StandaiO, 31 Oct. 
lan : Harper's Bardj of Gallowa/.] T. B. 

McDOWEIiL,BH:N.IAMI\,l>.n.(1739- 
1**J*), pnMbytt'riflJi divine, son of lythrnim 
Alcll'>w>-ll, uti Irish vmi^rant, from Couiior, 
CO. Antrim, waa bnmal EliEa1x>thcown, Ntw 
Jvra^T, on S5 I»BC. 17^9. He was educated 
at th/- iiniTRrutJM of Prinecton, New Jersey, 
and rila«}:<)w. Hi^ [ian<nlii had belonged to 
thir ' fvf>'rm<rd pri-sbytiriau* church, founded 
in 17l^b7Job»Macnullan[q.T.] McDowell 
joined the «aiab1iabed church of ScoLlnnd, 
aad wu licensed by the Glaa^w pri»byierj- 
Ott 3 Joly 17*). "Visiting his relativoa at 
C'mnor, CO, Antrim, InJand, hi- n-o-iviMl a 
[call to iIm) coa^regation of nallykidlv, co. 
LAodondArrj, and waa th<»re ordained ty t be 
IIoBta preabjtery on 3 Sept. 1 76fl. He suc- 
oaad»d John Nelson, who bad been com- 
vdled to TCaignoa the ground of hetcmdoxT. 
ICeDowpIl aooo appcarod lu a ctutmpion of 
CDn>«rv«tiro doclntie uatnst John Cameron 
(i725-17tH*) [,], r.] Tto controTerey waa 
takrrn up by Alezaiuldr Colvill Or ColriUe, 
TOL. XXXT. 



M.D. Tq. V,], to whom McDowell n-pliod in an 
abledi^fenct.-of the W>-stininflter dnc: riitr-. At 
tliU time ' iK-wlijfbt '«>:*ntim<>n(«prt'vaiti'd in 

I the miniMry of tlit> f^-irK^ral synoil of UUter; 
McDowell even thought (l~7S) u mi^bt be 
niiceesary for the minority to preserve I heir 
orthudoxy by SGcewion; the \jSvci of hia 
polemics was ^[reatly to incr««»e the atrvngth 
of I bo cuns'jr^ntivt.- Bivtion. 

; In 177t} be ai^i-u{iied a call to l>tiMifl, as 
the sueeeasor of John Haini, D.D. [q. v.] 
TiinCapelStn^et meeting-houw (m^nctimea, 
though without any historlizal r^aaon, called 
the i>mta Church) oad just been rebuilt, and 
hail clinnj^d ila iiiiiiiti, having a naw entrance 
into Mary's .Xbbcy. Its cnagtegBtion, how- 
ever, was reduced to somx half a dottitl 
frttnilies. McDowell rapidly brrram^a power 
in IJiiblin presbyter I anism, He miw ably 
seconded by his eldpr. Alderman lluttun 
(aflvrwnrds hieb sberifl'and lord mayor), and 
the congregation of Mary's Abbey eame to 
number two tliuusand aoius. From 178S he 
took a lendinf; part in nei^t iattons between 
tlie presbyteriana and the (rovemment re- 
latiof; to 'ref^nm domim' and otlier public 

?uestion», acting with William (Campbell, 
>.1>. [(I- T.], a prominent, leader of the ' new 
lijrht'pn.rty.whoinhiHmaniwrript' Sketches' 
(IW'J) hw left a go<id-bumoiin-d Hccount of 
theirtlieologicalrclntionfl. In 17dfiMcl)owelI 
WHS elt-cled m'>durator of the general i^ynod, 
and ill 17)^8 be waa appointed by the nyitod, 
in conjunction wilhliolKirtRoKlgop8(rf. 1701), 
mininter of Corlwiy, c". Limgford, to timI and 
inspect thft presbyterian churchra in the w«t 
ana south-west uf Ireland. Tlir^ Edinburgh 
Univcrtity pavu him the degree of D.H. on 
22 Jan. lYsU In 1791 be was in France, 
not drawn thither byany sympathy with the 
rvvulution. During the troubled years prior 
to irttH be took no part in political agitutioii 
on either aide, but or^iii^eu wet'kly meu( inga 
for prayer, in viiiw of the slate of the nation. 
On 4 Xnv. 1791 Jamen Homer (d. 1^43), 
aAerwarda UiO., was ordainr-d a» bin co* 
pB«tor. SeriricewaaregidarlyhildonCbrist- 
mas day, a very rare uwp' Bmmig prpeby- 
terians.* thi 14 May IS13,a*McDowellwagiio 
longer cqtial to tbi' duties of the co-pas to rat*, 
James Carliie. I'.D. [q. v.], wajt ordained aa 
Iiis assistant and *ucc<-*8r>r. McDowell died 
va 13 Sept. l!?:i4, leaving a family. Homer 

rirwit'hed his funeral sermon, which was pub- 
[.tbed. A marble tablet to Lis uecuory was 
placed in bi:tmi'4-ting-bouse (removed in IBC4 
to tlie new building in Uutlaud i^uaie). 
Armstrong agrees with Hctmcr'a estimate of 
Iho pxcclk'noert of Ida character, his fenid 



zeal, hi« gentleness, and his piiritT. 
lie puUifihed: 1. 'The tleqmring 



Sub- 



mmption . . . defended j in WM-wer to " The 
Catuolic Clirietiim". . . in a Letler to the 

Kev. J n C n,' &:c., OIiu»gTiw, 1770, 

12mo. 2. 'A Second L*?tter to the B«v. 



.T- 



-n/Ac, Ii«lfiu.t, 1771, limo. 



» 



3. • Ohnprrntionfl nn Thaophiliia Philander/ 
&c., Btlfast, 1772, Umo. 4. ' A Vindicatioa 
oif tho WftWminster Confession . . . from . . . 
two Lato Wntera; Sic, Uelfast, 1774, l:^mo. 
G. ' Lett«rs of Imnortancirr ... to the . . . 
Synod of Ulettir, kc. With on Appendix 
. . . IW I'»9lo|]|iiliis I'hilw-'cLftsia,' &c., Bel- 
fast, 1*75, linio. 0. ' Thu Doctrint' of Salva- 
tion by Oraoe,' &c., BuUimt, 1777, 8vo (two 
•ermons on Kph. ii. 8, 0). 7. * A Lett«t to 
tbo Ministers uf ihu Sniucl of Ulittar, by 
Amiciix,' Ac. [Dublin], i807,8vo. 8. 'Tho 
^Nature of tht; PresbytiTian Form at Church 
GoVBniTn*nt,'&c.,]>ii>ilin| ISOS, 12inc>. Also 
eepnrAtc si'nnons, 1783 (uul \7W, nnA paJTls 
of iheonliuat ion service for John Baird, 18l'2. 

[Miuutea of GoDcnil Synod of Ulster. 1825, 
p. 9; Arm*lrO'ng'B App. tn Ma.rtine;iti"« OnliniL- 
tioc Scmci», 18:19, pp. 100 sq.; Cut. of Ediiib. 
Oradiifttu. 18fi4, 0. '247: It«id> Hi»t. Prciib. 
Cbnreb in ]rt<lAnri (Killvn). 1837, iii. S3fi*q., 
3S3, 390 fq.i Withcrow'e E]iH. and Lii. Me> 
moiiiLltf of l'r(i«b7t<>rinni*m in Irclitri], LR8U. ii. 
14ft iq. ; Kill">n'« ili»l. I'ongr. Prrsb. Church in 
Inluid, 166S, pp. 120 sq. ; Irwin'a JEiai. of 
7rw1)rt*nn.niAm in Dublin, IHao, i>i>. 268 »q.] 

A. G. 

MAODOWELL, PATHICK (1709- 
1870), Bculi'tor, wiMS Iwm in Bi.Oriwt on 
12 Aiiff. I71ffl. ilis father, atrndcsmanfilied 
in his infancy, and loft him and his mother 
■with vi-ry limited m'''nn«. Frnm 1807 to 1 811 
liti boarded at a Bcbool tit Itel fast, kept by an 
cnjfravi'r named Gordon, who i-ncouraj^ctl hi« 
Altcinpls lit druwiog, and from 1811 lo IBm 
liH* yrtt* under the tuition of ft clergyman id 
Hnmp»tbirp. Inl^IS hcwiusayprunticod toa 
COB ch build IT in I..iindon,but aller four years 
and a hnlf his master beoame a bankruiit, and 
his induiitureswerecancolW- Hf then w^iut 
to lodgii in the house of Pierre Fmn^oi* 
Chemi, a French sculptor and mf»b'llur, nnd 
while there ho ttndcavoiin>d to .sketi-h fnnn 
plnater casU, and to acquire a knowlmlKu of 
modi^lling. On leaviuR ChenuV hn apiilit-d 
himself assiduously to drawing and modul- 
Un^, and at louiflb attempled a small Rf^im 
of 'Venus holding a Mirror,' after Donn- 
tcllo, in which ho eiicce«ded so well that 
it was purchased by Ohonv. Ho next sent 
a modL'I in comiKitit'ion for a monument to 
Major Carlwriffht; but althong'h hisdwign 
waj4 selected, it was ili't carried out by him- 
self, owinf^ III theinsufGctencrof thcamnunt 
eubdcribed. II*. however, allowed it to be 
«xecut«d hy another sculptor, who wa5 mined 



by the commission. In lH'H be sent ■ buat 
to ihti Hoyul Acudcmvi and wilm also an Kt~ 
lubitor from 18i'»5 to 1829. In IB30 he wa« 
ndcnitted into the Academy Schools, but con- 
linuml to modt'l and wirh on bu»1s. Thw 
fliat group of pnetio Rculptitre which ho at- 
t«Bipted was from Moore's 'I^ves of the 
.Anfjels;' it was purcba-ted hy Mr. ("ieorpo 
I>avison of Dclfast. This was followed by a 
fpvup from Ovid of 'Ccplinliis and I'rocrt*.' 
vxiwured in marble for Ii. »?. (\w)pf'r, M.1*. 
for Sligo, and afterwards by n life-sue group 
of 'BiiL-thua and a Sutyr. In 18S7 ho ex- 
hibitixl thi; model of a 'Utrl Reading,' which 
attracted the favourable notice nf Sir Francis 
Chan trey, and waa i^wcuied lei marble fjr Mr. 
T. W. iJiinumont, M.P. for N'irthurab<Tl«nd, 
and also for Lord FrauciH l-'gerton, afterwards 
enrl of EHwnien/. 

MiicDowell was tdi-prrtl an nsHonale of 
the Uoyal Academy in 1 84 1 , and soon afVer- 
wftrd* w«nt to Italy for cipbt months at the 
expense of Mr. IWimioiit, for whom he exo- 
cutcd, also in marble, a 'Girl p;oin^ to the 
Huth.'cxhihitod in lJ*41 ; a 'Oirl at Pniyor,' 
in 1843 ; ' Love Triumphftnt." his first larfre 
group, and 'Cupid,' iu 1845 j and 'Karly 
SomiWj'in Ififit). H« ln-eaiiwr a It»ya] Aeade- 
mician in \8iG, and presented a^ his diploma 
work a' Nyniph.' In 18-if>. slmi, hncxwiited 
n Btntue of Viscount Kxmnul h for (Inwn vich 
Hospital, and in ll^oO he exhibited the model 
for the brontc atAluc of William, iwrl of 
Warrx^n, for the hous^ts of parliament, lie 
executed also marble gtatueis of William I'itt^ 
unduf th» Karl of Chatham for St. Stwphen's 
Hall, llis subsequent works included 'Cupid 
and Psycho,' a haiiso-relievo, tn 1840 ; * \ ir- 
tfinius and hiia l)an|jht«r,' IHTiO; 'The Slum- 
bering Student,' I8.'i! ; 'Love in TdlenoRs,* the 
modi'l. in I8-VJ; 'The Rrst Tliom in Lif.-.'a 
commiasion from .Mr. Thomas liaring; 'Th« 
Earl of Belfast,' a model tor a l*onze statue 
for thft city of Belfa.«t, iBoii: 'Vi.'ioount Fitz- 
gibbon,' a model for a bnmie alaiue for the 
city of Limerick, and'Tbe Dav Ureiim,']858; 
' Eve,' IKW; ' The Children of John Pender,' 
1866: and 'The Voung Mother,' i8«7; after 
wlttch be exhibit>>d nothing but bunlH. Hid 
Inst and irreate*t work, completed short ly 
before hia 3cflth, was the fine group Ivpioal of 
' l'>uropu' ft<r the ^Vlbcrl Memorial in liydo. 
Pork. It repre»enl» ■ KurO|Hi ' Ni-ntMl on a 
bull, and sunvmnded by standing Ggureti 
emblematical (if England, Prann', Italy, and 
Qennany. It was engraved bv W. Rnfle for 
the 'Art Journal ' of 1871, and bv W, Il.dl 
for 'The Kalional Memorial to H.11.II. tho 
Prince Conwrt.,' Tendon, 1H7S. 

MacDowell died in London on 9 Dec 
1870, having ju*t before retired into tho 



Macdowell 



€7 



Macduff 



boaonnr luik of Roytl Acadciniduu, His 
^rorinuB graceful uid elegant in dtMOffii, and 
■Basterly in execution. 

[An Jaanwl, 1S50, p. 8, sutobiognp^^**! 
Itftur.vithpOTtrah, iuidl871.p. 41; AtDonarum, 
3870. ii. 847 ; HwAhft Uixloiy oT Uw Itoj«l 
A<a>!«ni7ofArtii.t8S2,ii.lW».7: Boyal Acadam; 
Exhibitioa CatalogiM, 1883-70.] B. E. &. 

MACIX>WELL, ^V^,UAM (1/190- 
IGlM). (lipliiitiAtvii^ bom to October K>9() 
nt HmkentouiL, Koxbui^bEliire, waa ion of 
T*"***** Macdowell br Jobanua, daoirbt^r 
oif Sir Andntir Ker of Gieenhrad. From 
J^itt to ltl03 lieatt«n<]e<i Mnndbur^ school, 
•nd ia IGOd proceeded to St. Andnira, where 
"hm had a diatioguialied care«r. In 1009, be- 
iatn he bad taken bi.4 deirree, he waa nude 
flulasophicoL ma£t(.T at St. Leooaid's Uol- 
Sbb«i ao o&ix wMcb he held until ICI4, 
vSea \e aorapted tJie prafessorsliip of pbilo- 
•ophj at Oroniiuan UniTeniity. lli.< f^ritdu* 
Med LT^D. at Graningen in IGZfi, and in 
\1XiT b«citme pmident of the council of war 
in GrDningvn and Friuland. In 1(^29, 163fi, 
and li^ii} hs vas aent ambassador to Enjc- 
land, on the la^t occasion to adjust fislitM^ 
dispoim. Cli&rlvs I, itlruck by lUu ability 
of DiB atgnnwnta, would hare mode him a 
Seattish privy oounciUor bad not tbc civil 
ir»r broke oitl. (>n 4 Juno 1(>.^0 Mncdowell 
bnrome Charles IPs resident a^^nt at tbi> 
Uagiw^ When, in March 1(151, thv Gn^i»h 
panianierit aeni OIivi>r St. John and Walter 
BtrieUand to the Hague to net:otiate a 
■mioa with the SttiU-9. Mucdowell dUtin- 
ptiahcd him»clf by iua reply to their propo- 
■ituitu and inemorials at tlie ffTest auembly 
of the Stai«^-Omenl, and too English <>n- 
TO^a hod to depart amid jesra friim tTi« popu- 
Lhm in July, ms saceeam seems to bare com- 
^et«ly tunwd hU hvad. Ho rvpudini*^ thu 
advice of the English king's most tmsted 
lilwlMlllliHii. and refused to tako any iostnio 
tiotw etecpc from C(iar1«fl himsflf. Niolmliu), 
(n writing to Hyde in March 1 tiDi, describcH 
3CacdowcIl ofl 'a moxt unskilful and indeed 
rificiiloiu person, and more a sulqcci to 
Ihaw Itatiis than (o tbv king, and strangely 
■nmnciotu ' ( AYcAo/o* Papem, Camd. Soc., 1. 
Sd8). At Whil«ujitidt* ftV>3 Crumwell pur- 
mwtfOi^ the States to baniah him, but he lin- 
psppd for a while in UoUaad, in the hope of 
rvfraining tJi* favour of Cliarit's and tho 
mun (Cal. of CtarendoH StaU Papers, ii. 
118, l.%s. 277). At the Itestoration he peti- 
tioAf-d for payment of ht« salary a« nwiaent, 
and Tamlv urged tht.* kinK to appoint him 
judge in Rotund (C^J. State I'aptrt, Dom. 
ItiOO, p. i'US, H.iW-l. p. -lUO). iU- returned 
lo Holland, and by warrant, dated 10 April 



16G5, was Buthorieod to 'traoaact ourt«jn 
aBkirsof importance there and rorrenttond 
with tba eocretaritis of state ' (1?. 1664—5, 
p. ."JOO). lliiring tlirt wnr with thw Dutch, 
Mocdnwell waa kept a dose priMner, and 
even thrvaienvd witu torlum for Imitorously 
<!orre«ponding with England (A. ltJ60-7, 
pp. 143, ll>2. 1»6>. He died in 1606 (I'C. 
16a5-«, p. 532). He marriwJ first, in 16l7, 
nt-rnardiuii van Frittuina, and secondly, 
Elizabeth Albi^nla (r/. ItUJ'i), d&u^litvr of 
Hcgncrua .-Vlbt-tdu von Zaudt, atid widovr of 
Sieco van Itotnis. 

Mflcdowell'fl ' Answer ' to tho Etigliah en- 
voys wtLS print I'd at iht.- Ha^'ui- tu 10>'I, both 
in KngliKli and ]>utek 'Pie Envlijib v<>nlon 
waa reprinted in iho * Itarltiian Miscellanv,' 
rd. IftlO, V. Sol. Kit|tli<>s to it wi^n? |rtiO" 
liahed at I^ndnn, aim in Iti.*)!, under the 
titleof ' Anjtlia Libemta,' Macdowell w«a 
]ik«wii<« niitticirof 'C-ollfpum juridico-poli- 
ticum,' 4to, (ironingen, W2S. 

In contompomry records Mncdowpll's 
naiuf (ippi'aw in various forms, such as' Mac- 
douifflll ' and * Macdonnell.' During the 
CommoDweiLlth p-.Tiud he is ne'uriy always 
strli'ii ' Sir,' but tlierif 1.* no evideuce of his 
having been knighted. Hie portrait has been 
twico ttugravod. 

[Kffigioi ct Yit» ProfMMomm AcailemiB flro* 
ninjpr, I65*,pp.71-1; Seh^liema** .Staaikundig 
Ncd<irlnnil, ii. 4!>-Al ; Niohotiu Pflpern (CiuniT 
Soc.l, i. 320, 321 ; CoJ- SutB Pnperir, Dnni. 1637 

6208. ie$l pp. 31, 309, SSD; JCruia's Cat. of 
ngr»v«l PBrtraits. ii. 3&-1 ] O. O, 

MAODUFF, Thask or E*iii, op Fikk 
ijt. lOSO?), a half or wholly mythical per- 
Bonng>_', was, according to John of Fordun, 
tht> uitiin in-itniment in advancing Malcolm 
Cnumore [q. v.l to the throne h«ld by the 
tieurjK>r, Macbcllt ',t\. v.] Tho story is tlial, 
un his way through rife, Macbeth saw a yoke 
of oxen helongi&g to Maedufl' fail in their 
task, and on buinK informwl to whom thev 
Wlongi^ AxpreasM thn ojiinion that MocdnlT 
himself should be put in the yok«. Ki-iirfiil 
of iho fate that might h« in store for him, 
Mnoduff set sail for England, and Macbeth, 
on seeing bis small vew^l out At sea, cap- 
tured and deerroyed hi«eiii*ll>!«,alllinugIitnB 
statcmi.-ni that lie also murdered his wife 
and children isa latermnbetliahmcnt. Mac- 
dull' uliimatvlyiwr^uadvd Malcolia to return 
to Scdiland to fight the usurper, and it was 
hiH foriiss chieSy that enabled Malcolm to 
dpfeiit Macbeth at Lumphonan in AbcnWn- 
shiiw, on 16 Ang. 1067. According to Wyn- 
loimthepMWon,' never borne butofumatlyri* 
wnmo was 8chorao,'whoelowMacl)Cih was not 
Macduff, but one of his knights. In reward 
I of kia great services Malcolm, according to 



Mace 



68 



Mace 



* 



WynUiuii, bfiatowdd on Macduff lliKe priri- 
legM : that he or his sucoeefiors aliouM have 
thf ri^ht of placing lli« king on lii« liin>nrt 
on cornnaTii')!! Anj; rhnt t1i«y slioutd liMtd 
tiie vuD ID the tnittle wh«rever the rovul 
burner yimis displAvcd; that if thry or anv 
oftbeirktndred committed slaugli t^rof a Bua- 
deoor tinprvmeditaU'd kind thej' should haro 
a pi'culkr tuLtR'tiiury or asylum tu which ihvy 
mi^liL llr«, ami hIiuiiUI obtalti full r«miasioD 
on pnymont of a corlain raosom. Theaanc- 
tuarv of tlir M)U.'j]uiri> \Viu>, acL-nnlinc to 
tmditirm, the anci<mt ctiim called tho Graaa 
Macduir, which siood to th« north of New- 
bur^h, in Ihi- \vfs Icadiiiff tn 8l ralhi>arii. 
Only the pedf^atal of the cross now remaiiiB, 
tliB cnwM itiwlf havintf bwn d«?stroj-i_'d by I ho ' 
reformera in IfiiiO. A portinn of the inscrip- 
tion on the ptnlestal, now atl btit «rn»eil, baa 
been preserved, but its import has (jr«atty , 
piuiled antiqi]nriaiii<. I 

Skene credits John of Fordun with tho ! 
L-iituv tiivtintiuii uf thi! Klory vt Macdull'. . 

[Chroniclfui of I''nr>lon anJ Wynl/iuii. whirb ( 
haru Injvn iixpouadwl and DniljcUii'ltMl by Boevu ; 
Stoart:! t^i-alpturerl Stuacii of Bv^oLlaad; Alttx- 
andttr lAtng's Lindoret Abbey and NrwUureb.] 

r. F. u. 

MACE, DANIEL id. ]7.i.U iMtnal 
critir, wan prnbably a nativo of Cirenceater, 
Gtauce»t«rsnirt.', and whs uni> of a fiimily of 
thirtoi'n children. Fie heoaim'^ pn'sbvt^rian 
minister at Ueckinptun, .Somertiet. I'heDce i 
he removi-d lo tako cbar^ of tln> pwsbytnriun l 
CoogreKaliou at Newbury, Iterki^hire, at a 
stipend of oC/., prvaclileig' bis first §crmori 
then) on Ii March 1727; besuuce«dtid Joeoph 
Stftihden, who had couforniLs! lo the esta- 
bliahud church. lu 1720 his cditiun of 
thw New Tmitaiu+'iil appearr-d auonytiiously. 
Whisinn, who waa at t\ewhi]r>- in 174!^, ' in 
tho wwLiV lifter Whil.Hun-wnekj'navji hu 'lieainl 
the wnrthy "SW. Macp proach twice on Sun- 
day, in the&ame rat'vtinjr-lioui" wh^m my old 
laamcd friend Mr. Janii'a IVirco [q, v.] had 
preached.' Mace died about Christmas 1 759, 
and wua buried in his nnv-ring-honse, rnvar 
the pulpit. IIo bft a widow, a son and a 
dftUBliter. 

Ilcr published : 1. 'The New Tealampnt 
in t!re«>k and KngUeh, conlsininR th*i Ori- 
^nal To.tt corrected from tho AutlioritT of 
iLe most authentic .Manuacripts,' &c., \'W, 
kvo, i vtih. (nnon.) Tho dedication to P^ter 
King, iirst lord King [q. v.], at that time 
lord chancellor, refers to Kinfr's ' History of 
the Apostles' Oreed/publiiihea (1702) while 
hf. was a prtvsbyterinn. Maci-'s Orrek tjpi in 
ruuiarkably beautiliil.and ia apparently pecu- 
liar to this odittoD ; he diacaras soft breath- 



ingaandaccvnta,vxc«ptthe circumflAK. For 
the materials of his test he relies upon Mill, 
whom h« constantly uuot.px. Hia jiid^inent 
in die «}nstriicTion ni hw revised text is ex- 
ceedingly sound. lteU85,folIowwdbyGreg\iry 
and Abbot, regards hUC'dition as af^nuina 
precutBor of tut! modem critical texta of the 
New Testament, and remorks upon the rerf ,| 
large numbur of cases in which ma readines 
are cimfiimed by the results of lac«r rese&KD.. 
Critical and historical notes are girea aft 
foutuntnt, (irappejided lo the Jiffiireat book*. 
Mace's edition wiis rouffbly handled by adro* I 
cotiw of tho ivcvivea tc.\l, espuciiiljr by 
Ln:»nan] TweJIn [<{. v.] Scrirentir ireata it 
with verj- unwise contempt. The iraportanco 
ciftlie work WHS at onco jwrceivi^l ah^>fLd, 
and tli» readings of the ' anonymua Angliis* 
are carefnilr treated in the later volumM of 
J. C. Woia's 'Cum rhili>lofriMB el Critic* 
in N.T.,',tc., Hamburg, 17i;r.-yr», Mo, 4 tola. 
English critics were probably repelled by tha 
IK-culiaritios of his Ei^Uh TNsion. Itia 
lypojiTaphv is eccentric : lie begins each para- 
graph witfi a capital, but the aeparatu •cn-'i 
lvnci!S with a^ualllettter (aaimilararranga>j 
ment was occasionally adopted bv ClwrTeB'] 
Bulkley [q, vl) H» la fond of oild wards, . 
e.g. * grumefi/ Luke x-yii. 44 ; ' raparee,' 1 Cor. 
v. 10; 'brigues,' 1 Thess, v. 13; and ths 
wholetoneofhisTersioHisanti-fccleaiastical. 
Yet it exhibits genuine scholarship, A sub- 
ject ind«x shows Arianism very docidedly. 
fbii work ha« been crrotiuously aacribed to 
William Mace, appointed {'M Aug. 1744) 
Un-«liaiu lecturer on civil law, who died early] 
in 17tS7. -J. ' \IX 8erimius,\tc., I7ol,8vo,J 
(on prayer, providencB.&c; Walter Wilson's 
manuscript, 'wliieb gives a ivrnn)^ date to 
the volume, says it wa.^ * published' by 
C»lt>b Fli'ming, U.D. [q. t.], who iniiy hav« 
seen it llimugh the pr(%^; the long list of 
subecribere contains the names of David 
Hartley [<1-V-] tbr- phihiuiophc-r and John 
Taylor^i D.D., the hebraist). 

[Wh'mton's Memoirs. 1763, p. HM : Chri»tian| 
Itiifnnnar, 1633, pp. 314 «q. ; HoQis's Bibliotb« 
N. T. Gr., 1873; Scrirouar's Plain Introdactiaaij 
lo i::ritici«m of N. T., 18»n.j,. lAR; Owgonri . 
AbbuL's Prule|ton]«iia lo TiachDndorf s W. T„ 
1884. pp. 240 sq. ; Newbury Weekly Neira. 
29 March 188S (artid* by W»](rt- Monwy, 
KS,A.),13 July 1888; Walti-r WilnwiV maD«-4 
script NdticDs at Dissenters, in Dr, WiUiamo'l 
LihnLTy; Mums Works; tiiforinalion from J. 
Kllin Mrtrt), osq., Tonlnnifn.] A. O. 

MACE, THOMAS a619?-1709?>, mii- 
aician, was born in 1013. according to an 
engraved nortrait by Fnithonm prefixed toi 
bis ' MusicVs Monuuiuat,' 1070, and inecribod'j 
'nslat. euic 03.' But tbi> ]iortrait wa« pro-f 




hftbl/ drawn iodic limu before tbe (loblicalion 
of th« bonk. UfOtsley, id bia ' t.'«lali>({iie of 
FtarCtstts/ BUt« Uuit'Mace died in 1709, nt 
U)« kgvof iiiiicdy ; the (Jnlc of hiii btrib, ac- 
oordinf to thia rxinpiUAtian, would bo ]i)ld. 
Man lived at C'nmbridgQ, and was una of 
tbe (lerin of TrinitT Collwc. Abniit 1636 
bv ouurivd a Vurksftire lady, and he was in 
York 111 ItiH, wbcu the city «u besegcd 
iff the parliaaieutaiy pucy. 

Hece waa an accomplisbed tut*Must, but 
foflfred £rora dvafDC««, and thv guttvt tones 
of tbe lute werj uiatidiblc tu bim. In 
atiet to leaeen the effect* of his iiifirmity 
be dcriwd, in 167^, ■ lutu uf Htly ifinuir', 
whicb be named tbe ' ilvpbimi-, nr double 
late' (cf. Mtmek'a Monument ). lie bud. more- 
over, al on* liiD*- bmWti loth bi» nrnm, and 
BBVvncorervd t)M>ir full line; hewasthere- 
tm eoinpell«<l to adopt an orifiinal metliod 
of produoiof; a'sbako'upon ibe lute (Jb.) 
He also invented a ' Lable-or^aii.' 

Id 1U7u y\&ce publisbcd apamphlot 'for 
a PuUiek (.iyod," uuil^r tbe lUKt of ' I'roRt, 
Cotiveaien^^v, and I'leasur« to the wbiolo 
Nation. Btsinir n abort Ifatiunal Discourho, 
lat^Ir preaenUM to bin Majestv conct^rnin^ 
tbe fligb-wa^ of England: tueir ]3aduL>»f, 
tbe CaoMv 'tbr-nxif, tbp FCeaaons of tba>« 
Ouun.' To tbis work wu appended an 
aaaouoeeaieiit (but Mare wasabout to vub- 
liab a work oi> tniiMO. on wbich he luul Wn 
eafiaged Hinc« Ubri^cuiaa 1671. It voa 
licenaed for th» press on G May XG'ih, nnd 
vbtlu it won in tbe prinlif's buml^ Mnco 
•Cay««l at Mr. Nathaniel Tliom peon's, bia 
nrinter's, tn Now :^tnx-l, Loiidtm. It \vb* 
dulv publiNlwd bv mibiicription, nt Iwrhr 
shillings a copy, in1il76,afi 'SluBick's Monu- 
jsent ; or a I£"in<-mbn«iici,T of tlii' bfst I'rnc- 
ticftl MoHck, both divine and firill, tbat lina 
era been known to be in tbe World.' An 
ader]u«te analyiical description of tho book, 
wUch U quainilv written, is sivtin in llaw- 
kins'a ' Ifiatorr of Miuic' Burn^'t calls it 
mtcblvM, and Suulbi.'yduvoU-^ fourcbapu-n 
cf hi* ' Uoctiir ' U^ a discUMioti of ita merita. 
Tbe worii is divtdtKl into tfanio parts, of 
wbich tbe firet truals of the coDuitiou of 
pamehial paaltnody and calbedrul mimic, and 
dis means of improving tbem : tbe sbcotid, 
of ihn lulft and luti'-plnrin^; ntiil ibii third, 
of tbe nol and of muHic in ^^neral. 

In ItTtl .M.tcv wan li»inK with bia wifu in 
'St. ButtdlpbV T*amh, nfJir Queene Col- 
led^, C'ambndp;e.' In IflHO, according to 
F6ti4. Mace eamo to London, siM up an 
^tabliahment for the »ale of muMC and 
IbMuiimI itmlruiucDts. and |?aTe b-Mona upoji 
Hh> theorbo, lute, and viol, and iostructiun 
bt eompoail ion. H is deafneu ujipoers to hare 



told BgainBt his success, and be was DDDS&- 
quonCly iu airuitvned cilcUDutances. 

llu bad u family, one of whom, bis 
Toun(ri*t ■<>», John, learned in IC7S lo play 
upon tbu lute almost solely hy n.'adine tbe 
mauuiN-ript of liio fnthrrM * MiHiick'x florin* 
ment.' The muajcian John Iraroyna fn-T.] 
is also recorded to bave lau^bt himiwlf ibe 
vsa nt tbe same in.^tniinent at tlii> ace of 
fortVi by the unaided instruction of Mace's 
booti. In I67t[ Mact-'s brother, Ih-nry, "fM 
' sub-cbaiuor'of York Cntbedral, and we had 
acausiii, TbufuBs Mace,reeiding al Norwich. 

[tirore'a Diet, of Mnaic. ii. 185 ; FAtia'a Itio^ 
I'niv. dpB Unaidaiia, v. 391; 11n»nl«y'a Cat. «f 
I PormiiB. p. 240: Hawkina'a lliat. of Music 
(NoToUa's edit.}, pp. 726-33 j JfoMi'a Works.] 

Ii. F. 8. 

MACEACHEX, EVAN (1769-1849), 
Gfu^lio scholar, bora at Arisnig, ln?i?mes»- 
ebirv. In 1709, was oducuCi.'d in u scbwl at 
Uulbven, near Keilb. lit- wno oenl in 1788 
' to ibc Scots Collegi! at ValUdoiid, where be 
' 'wiiJ>c>rdnini.-d prit-Bl, in l7ttK. (.In bia return 
< to till- minaion irn vraa Blationcd at Ar'iMtg. 
I In ISOl be wax removed to Dadenoch. and 
tb(.-nce was sctii, nlM>ut li*06. in the eapitcity 
of profeeaor, to the seminary of ligmore. Jn 
1814 ho was eppmnted to the mission of 
Aigiu in StralbglitiH^, from which he wa« 
IraiwfemHl in l?Sl^i tu Urai-nmr. In conji«< 
ijuencf of failing bcnlth he retired in 1888 
)o n.illi>u:i'-, iiiid in |KJ7be rvninved toTom- 
bac. BantlBliire, where be died 9 Jicnt. If49, 
lie tranxIst^^Nl into OBelic : 1. 'The 
,\bhdgment of Christian Doctrine,' printed 
wbilehe wna at Aigus. 2. 'The •Spirilual 
Oitabul,' Iftllw. a. ' Tbe following of Christ,' 
IKiQ. 4. 'The Dticlunition of the British 
Catholic Iliabops,' publiabeil by the CuLbolic 
lustiluto. His mure im^iortant (iaelic tmiis- 
lulioiiv, at ill in uiaruii^ripl.nrf; (■%) tbe 'Nvvr 
TeHtAment,'and(6)BiphDpChnltoner's'Medi- 
tationja,' He alio publi>liuii (7) a work on 
arithmetic, in English, and (^) a Gaelic 
dictionary, 'lr<i2. 

[.'^Inthrrt'a Catholic MtaMOD in ScolUnd 
p. 591 : Catholic I>irri:tory fur Scotland, 18A0.1 

T. 0. 

aiACEGAN. MACEQOAN. MAC- 
EOOAN, nr MACKEGAN, tlWKN or 
KfGENlL'S id. 1W3), hi.'.liop-Jieignatc of 
ICoes, CO. Cork, and n»o<^tulic vicar, a native 
of Ireland, was poseioty cduicatcd at one of 

^ tbelriah I{omancatfaidiGSi.'uiii]ant't> in Spain, 
and ohtain«l tbe de^;rees of master of arta 
end bachelor of divinity from u ^punish uni- 
veraity. In ItiOO Ins was in In-Innd ml iv^Iy 
encouraging Tcbellinn. Carew (MSS. l/*f^- 

I IWO, p. 314) says that Florence MacCarthy 



MacEgan 



70 



Maceroni 



lieegh [t{. v.] tbi'o * wroto unuthi^r Itittur to 
IlUTiniiu^lLt .Vlrt.'iirtm wnd Iiik lirtil tinr ( lining 
rebplajpeniwniiinf torebeUiniiiinwhichletWr 
tlivn* join'til with him Ovrt^u MfKi'tfi'n [Mc- 
Bgf^n in thf mAr^n] iMiirpitif; ths nftme of 
bUucpof Ikisse,' Indieeatne^earTyruDeiuid 
FloiHruci- MacCarlby jointly Sint MaoK^fun 
to UoDie 'forau ekcnmmuaicalica to all ihat 
did not reb«], which 6iix>mEuiiuication vaa 
divul£^>d aitor'(»6. p. S15). .Subsi'ijauiilly 
MttclCgan gaJued acoews tu the Suaiiiab cnuri, 
and aocured cunsid^rabtu inHuoniMi with 
Pliiliy IJI. It wtu largely owln^ lu iiiH aiitc 
geHtiun that. Plillip n^hftlvt-d in wiid uifii and 
mnnuy lu Kiiitale m 1601 tu Bupport thu rt-bel- 
lirtn wliiohTyronr hnd fiiinmitt-ii in tiit'ctxilh 
nflreland. r(»iw Cli'inpnl Vlllnppro^vd the 
nlnn,nnd to iiicmisc it^cllicicncysiiinmoned 
Miir.KgRti to Homo, iLppoiniiMl htm np»i>Jo1ic 
vicsr, cri'at('dhiinlJ.D.,andconl'erTedon!iim 
livings in Minister fStimatt'd at S.WOl. n year 
(O'SJi'Li^vAS, Ui'rt'mif VatMiva Ihcrnifte 
Cainptndium, ed. Kflly, 174a; StiFFoKl*. Pa- 
rala Wffruia). Tbit vicariatu ficuuTL-d fur 
him uulimitt'd ccclMifistinil authority, oiid 
pkccd iu his hands ull i \w. patronaffu in Jlun- 
ntcr (H*<iwr;r.l,, IrrFam/ unfltr tfir Turhri', 
xa. 420). KlacKgDii arrived at Ki]miikillD|;e 
in Kuntnare Buy in Juiit> |1)0L', in a »1iip 
bringing troops and 1 iJ,fHX)^. from iSpftia, Thp 
inaurgents were begiuuiug lo despair. Lord- 
deputy Mountjciy [spc BLOirsr, fn*TiLr,e, 
E^iiL or Dbvomeuiui: and o^hth Lvuu 
MorKTJor] had uwiily crusliL'd Tjroae'u r«- 
huUioD, and ivinxulu viii» clo^cdy iuvt^U'd. 
' Neverthfli'SH, by re&sou of tho arrival of 
Oweu Macl^f^nii with l.ri^aaiiru aud largu 
promises frum Siiniii, tbe Iriah went ft^r a 
whilo moro Blumy after the bip^ of Pun- 
boy than ihcy wttre bffnrp' (Coi, i. \h\). 
* SliiTiv relftp**d intf> reb^'Ilinn, and particu- 
larly DoQOUftb and Pioin, sons of Sir UwtMi 
Sleccarty Ueagh, receiviNJ 3IXW. of tbe npn- 
stolical vicar, MacEgan, nod upon 10 July 
joined tbi'- rebds'O'') About tlii'dftmotinie 
Cormac MacCtmby wa.s arreatudom he charge 
of conspiring witli Macl^gm to assist ihi.- 
Sjai;niardNUudSirCoriuaQ.Mac.*dtiriiiOltFcUi<.'f 
of Alu*kerry, wu* found to bare receivKl 
eifhl hiindwvrl diicnla from him. MncEfrnn 
«xvrci.M'dbifpowiirswithunn.'UjittiugMier(jy. 
Ho continiw-'d cbildreu in crowds. All who 
hadMrvvd lhu<uiM'u,vvi<n if tbty wcrv Irivh 
ftnd Kotiian oalhiilirK, be ia oftid tn have had 
confeeced and absolved, and ihvn iinmi'di- 
Btely executi^d in hi* «igUt. But MacE^u's 
cuwrwusDunonded. lUpersoiudlyviiga^Kl 
in an f.ncoimtfir with aom« Knutiib soidiera 
under CaplaLa (afti>rwanU Sir "WiJIinm) 
TaafT*- U\. v.] at Cladjwh <m r. Jan. ItiUt'-a. 
and was slain there. Sir George C'anw [evo 



CiaEW,(ilXlKaE,Il-llM)B'raKKWCIFCLOPT0S], 
writing to tbtf privy council on 22 Jan. 1 W2- 
160.% «ay» that JlacKfTftn. pirctjiving the ad- 
ranta^that tbe EngLifih had obtained, 'with 
a drawn sword in ouo hand, and his portius 
and bcudfiin th« other, with «nii hundrvd men 
lud by himself, cauie up to the award, when 
bi< wa^ slain, wbiwo deulL bo ainuzcd thu rt-st 
tn.* thev insluntly brake and fled.' Ac«)rding 
to O'i^allovaa, \w waa killed 'dum vostibu* 
t.t€cK-Btii«tid8 iudutus, arma spirit Mnliii mani- 
hns gerit altera lirpviarium, altera ronariam.' 
All Oarberrj- was theroupou ruduct'd to sub- 
miRsion; 's priiicipi;ll meaiii>of thi«8uddainn 
and nnivcr.iallo n^lurtiou wa^ tb« dt'aili of 
t liat truitorly priest, I) wen NfaeK^gan, which 
doubtless >Tas more hem-ficislle to the stato 
tliau 10 hnvu gottoii the lu-adof the moft oa* 

?ilal! rebt-U in Munstep' (Stafpohd, p. S/fty. 
iu wati burit'd in thv couveut of Tiinulco^uo, 
dio^i-iie nf K-M9, and a .unall cross waa placed 
above bis tumh. 

Hi' mnf>l imt Im confuted with IVietbiuS 
MacEgan (<'/. ltJ<^D), a FrancUcan Minorite, 
wbi>WHiiappfiint>^)hi«hopririJos8i)»l] Mnrch 
11(17, tfihi^n prt.toni^r by a troop nf Liidlow'a 
Hnldiery in May KioU, and exeonted at Ban- 
don Bridg>^ (Brady, Eviacopal SuceoMton, ii. 
il-J). 

[CurPV MSS. 1489-1600 pp. 3U, 315. ISOl- 
1B(|»; Siftflord'a Piii-ma Hiburnia, pp. 396-9; 
Q'StiUcrnirn HituCntli. Ihiiiii. Lunjpfiidiuni, cd. 
Kdlly. pp. 310. 213, 24-1, &c.: CgxV Him.. oC'j 
Ireland, i. Ul , 4A8 ; Thotnii^'a ItietonHsnl Noccib ' 
p. 1220; MylwO'IUill.v'B Siiffon-r» for the C*.^ 
tholic Faith in Inland ; Brady's I^pie<?3p«i1 Sue- 
ccbbiob; MacGoogh«gan'fiIiiEl. of lTclAtia(tmn»- 
bklt^ by KiMy). ii. 318. 317. 328; Jl«gircU> 
IivUnd uDdcr iho T<idor«.] A. P. P. 

MACERONI, FllAXClS (1788-1S46), 
aidi.>-di-ajimp to Munit and mechanictit itw 
vvnior, was born In Mancbi.'st«r in 17HH. llil 
ftitb(.-r, Pvtur Aug:u»tu8 Mact-ronl, with two 
brfjthera, bad served in a Frt^ueb regiment in 
.Vmerica during the warufindLtpHDoenw. and 
a(Vt;rm rovtiiglifi^trll.li.rd down at Mnnchv«lf>r 
BHnn Italian ni^ni fir Itriluih ponds, lie 
niarrii'd(inEMgltKKw(>m«n,«Homan catholic, 
thf* dauglitpr of Biiijamin Wilditmith of .Shef- 
field, nud afierwardB removed to London. 
Mncerorii !«tatrM l.lmt. wln-n tbt« Kreticb firatJ 
nvorran Italy his fat her had ."W.fKKW. worth rf* 
English goodM in that country on bie booksi 
Hv WW nent by Lin mother to a Knman eatho- ^ 
lie school in llnrap*hire, a sort of 'Dotheboyti 
llnll,' whencp he wn^ rwmo^-ed to an ncademT'] 
at Carshnlton, Snrrey, kept by some i><nnif*l 
nican fatbcr« from DoiiaT. Afterwarda h*-* 
was at the college at Old Ilall ttrtrn, nwir 
Puck>*ridge,ll«infordshirt> (of which tltpHi'v. 
Dr. I'oynler, aubaequently Itouiau catbolie 




Maceroni 



7« 



Maceroni 



bidnp nf LoDdoo, me president), and tbere 
&e afquirvd a MoatNirinf^of Uii.> Kk*nc«^«. la 
ItSlii hewu sent by hU Jkt h<>r to Romn, irhi^re 
«■« uf bit uitcJee ww t)ie papal pcwtmuster- 
Mneral. He wni Oicd fif)o<;n. i le uppcars to 
nave idled a wajr ibe uexl let) years at IJaplfls 
aod fIoti]«, ID comjHiuy with otber joung 
EaflUfamvii. Mi\iu^ iu iho bvst Boduty, 
k« clauB«d In bull? introduced arcb^ry and 
oidiBt into Italy, and started a ewintminf- 
faath fiir Uilif.*, n*li«rr hv arlt-d a* instruct or. 
Be dabbled a litlU in scirntilic erperimentA, 
aod m It^lS nppU(.>d liiiiM.-lf [a the etudy 
«if anatuniy and medicmv. 

Uacerooi'fl pleasinff adJrcai and Knf^lLth 
birtb ncummoiulvd Eim to Munt, Viag at 
Ki{il», who on I Jan. 1814 mado him one of 
to ai<fa« lie-camp, wit b tberaukorcoltMii^luf 
cavalry. and in .Fulyof tho&ameyearAeot him 
to KagUud Willi an Buto);raph k'ttur tu iLo 
fonoe rcffent. Murat, wbo wbm neootiating 
wicb ilw Eo^lisli ffnremment , sent luia a^ain 
en a muwion tu KngUnd in February IH16. 
Re wa£ in I.onJoa when thfi newn arrivtKl 
of Xnpolurin's e»ca|)e from Klbs ; oa l'*J Feb. 
Mural 't forw^flwrrcdi-fi'areil byilu^ AiwtHftna 
atToleniiii-i.)n:;-3May IHlS.aodon 1(1 May 
Uunt tlcA from Italy to Corfli<% M^aii'- 
vliite 'Count' Maocrviii. a? he stylud Lttu- 
•alf, bad procvedi^ to I'aris to funUi^r bis 
iwirtTT^" inlerMtF. lli! cluiniL<d tu lutvH buun 
■Bad* at tfaiit liiut) a clii^vnlii^ of the Ia^ioh 
ofHonourinlb^nameof the<>tnperDr. Wbea 
tbv allied armies werv advancing' on Paris 
after Waterloo, hn wa.* t'tnployed os an agent 
of tbe 'commission of govemment' to eo- 
dnTourtoobtnin an armistice, Mas to delay 
liM r»«ntry of tbe tiourboiu ; in tins lie 
was unsuccMsful. In bis memoirs he pWA 
lainutB d>'laih) of liiif inlvrviewa with tbu 
UakK of Wfilinf^toii, wbo*e miblixhed itajieN 
contain no mention of the sulijficl. Maceruni 
was aftenrwrds wnt as thv n-jin-wiitmivc nf 
tbft allied powerii to ofTi^r Murat an aayliim 
n ibe Aostrian dominions. His lutter to 
Moral convi-yiiig the olT'i-r i« lieailod tlonon. 
bnt iIbMkI I'H Sept. le«16, when he appears to 
base bmi at Ajaccio, and Mtimt's answer 
frooi tbe tattvr plut-e iiiidiitr the sarao diUe 
■eoaptvd tbe proDVred term^, ' after he 
Aoiud bare regained his family.' Tbo 
btt«n am giwn in the ' Cuatk-rea^h Com.-' 
fpondcnce,' xi. 49, 'M. Murat wm then on 
tM ere of B<>ttiDg out on hLi lust, fatal ex- 
p«litian, in which tin n'fiisiil to nllow Miirr>- 
loni toaccomiNuiT hira. .Maceroni etatejt that 
a number of Conican patriots at this time 
ukod him to p1ac« himself at their lieuil, 
sliake <>ti' cbi> [''reocb voke, and olfer tbe island 
to tireat Britain. lie rettimed to Franco, 
and waa aobatquBOtly ibrowu into a FrvactL 



Srifton for alleged illegal interfeft>tw» na 
hint's behalf. Ila was released, witliout 
compt-naAtion, and in Jntiuary 1816 returned 
to kiisland, which was bi« home fur tbe rest 
of his life. 

In 1S17 he publii'hud his 'Inti-rvsting Facta 
relating to tUi^ Full and I>i-n.c)i of Joacbint 
Uuntt. King of Xaph-s," Tendon, «ro, which 
wttnl lhrvju)^h9f\-enLl edilions, livalsowrote 
fi pcimphlet m Frenrh and Knglish containing 
JNiiitini's representations of Napoleon's iU- 
iistntfe atBt, lKd<>na. Kewasassocialod with 
Sir Gieoor .Mac<Tregor [q. v.], afterward* ca- 
cique of Poyais, in his atlaclc and captore of 
Porto Itt'llo' in lPl(». btit soon fell out with 
Maci)n>gor, whom be deAoribud as a coward 
and a inoiintebimk. Macsroiu afterwarda 
n.'Ci.'ivcd tins rank uf brigadier-geiKral in tha 
aervice of the nfW republic of (,'c>l<)Uibin,nnd 
app«^ to have incurred many rutkri mid liu- 
bihtie* in procurinjt supplirs <>( ni'.-n »nd 
arms in Ixindon and Paris. In 1821 ha 
marriiHl. lie then went to Spain with Ciene- 
ml Pepit, and meddled in Snatiinh and Noa- 
pnlitan politics, always on llie popular, and* 
as events turned out, the losing eldv. On 
Uib return lo England Lo was in «ouimuni- 
cation with theSpaciisb ambassador in respect 
Ufa project of ship couimimication WLwmu 
thi! .\tlanlic and I'orilii- Oo-nii.i. IIk pr»- 
raoled a company, Btvled 'Thu Atlantic and 
Pncilic Junction and Suul It .\mencan Mining 
and Tradinff t'oinpany,' with a 'CMiitul nf a 
mUlion sterling in lOOf. sbarcs. The names 
of Henry Kater [q, v.] and Sir Wiliinm Cou- 
greve [q. v.] nppt'urisl among the directors. 
The compsny collapsed in the commercial 
panic of 1825. Abciit thie^ lime Mnceront 
Drought out "the be*t paddle-whi-el in thn 
world,' 6omo improved rocliets, a design for 
nil iiruiimn-d eliip, ami nih>*r military and 
Duval invent ions wliirJi were never patented. 
1 te a-lsw wToto ' Ilints to PaTiours, London, 
1?'37, ("vo, in wbicb bo advocaU^ nsphnlte 
paving. In 18:24 he went to Constantinople 
on n-cuipt of I ,{iWl. to smist the Turk* Rgainst 
the Ku^iiojti-, and reiunii'd two yinrs later 
' poorer than he went.' At the time of the 
firet Uefurm Bill he puhlished an ill-adviMjd 
physical force pumpluel, entitled ' liefensivQ 
Inatnictiona for the IVinle, containing new 
and improved ComfaiDalion of .VrmF, colled 
Foot 1 jini*n",' I.tindnn, IfW'J, Hvo. llic com- 
btnatioa was a fowling-piece and ii ten-foot 
Innci- for street Fighting. Muceroni mivh tbnt 
hf) liad great difficulty in finding a printer 
for the pamphlet, which he ptiblisheJ with- 
out any return when he and hia children 
were in ibc ttorv«l ixjveriy. 

Maceroni next turned his attention to an 
impruvvd model uf ' stoam-coocb 'for common 




TOads, thu most important o( liis inri'nl ions. 
An fnpinotTJtiptrt'fttift'of tlicday qOdbdos, 
Slemfntary Lvcomotum) epeake of it as ' it 
fine Bpeciiiien of iiidnmitAblo pcr^'vornnci.'," 
In tbif uridLTKiiking Macerfiii was ftsftocimed 
with n Mr. Sijuire, (lie owupr of h factory ou 
P&xldinj?c»ii Gn'cti, by wbom tlve m\e[Uiu]i 
waut piityntwl »nil wotU»*J out. Accomils of 
thft Biirr^Fiflfiil j>prf(jrmanct« of the sltfam- 
coacll in tbit tiL-igiliboiiriKxiil [>f l.»ii(lim and 
Bni»*i'lKftp[n"^nwrliiith(>'Mominpf-'hronii'lB,' 
7 aiiil l(i Uct. I»:W, 'Scotsmnn.' It .March 
l8;J4,'TimL-«.'IOO<;I. If^W, -(ilnbtVOrtober 
lP«4, 'Tniu Hun,' Decemln'-r l!«ai, ami cUe- 
whi?t*. But tht! Tailways ruined the project, 
the partniTs f«ll out, (in t'Si^iition was put 
ill thu wnrks, and MacOToni was for some 
time a. prisoner for debt. At the time of 
writing UK mcuiuir^ in l!^ hu and bh cliil- 
drt!« werii in most diistrofweil circumstances. 
He diud in Loodoti on ^5 July 1&46. 

"With miii'b jn-rwi>iial vniiitT, ivLicb biti 
nteraoirsciinEtanily betray, Maceroni appears 
to have bwn nn nniiKble and iiccrmipli»bfd 
man. of ft-rlili.' inwnrive f^cniiin. HLi wit'ti- 
titic view's were pracliral as well a^ oripiiml. 

One of Maccmni'fl uncles, ft'^icletjt in Knff- 
land. chiiiiici'd llif )<pfllinu; of the fnnuly 
name to • Macimne,' but Maccroni rceuineS 
iLu uri^'iuul onhuf^upliy, 

[Mptnoitu am! AclvunturoB of CoItniioL Mace- 
roiii. Lurijuu, 1838, 2 vol*, tiro, nnd 'EvnopliiSKl 
iudi-x'ftt thct-ndaf ihAtwork; NotnantlQudriMi, 
ant MT. xi. M, 2ai\ wr. ir. U-] U. M. C. 

M'EWEN, VlTLUAir (173.}-I7fi25, 
Bcoicli ne«v»»ioiii>'l, bom m IVrtli in 1735, 
Btudied divinity nndfir Ebfm'wr Kntliinn of 
Stirling tind Jani>.'» Fiilit<r of tilasgow. in ' 
ITfiS he wna lict-nsed to preach hv tho a*- ' 
oooiate presbytery of Duufermliiif, and in 
17M h« waa ordain«d ministt-r of ihe ai»- 
sociaie oon^jnigation in Dand^'. IK> died 
sndderdy at Leith on 13 .Ian. 1 702. hiivinj; ' 
been mnrrii-d iwo iUyi< btfon) to the elde.^t | 
dniijibtvr of Julin \Vnrdlan', mctri'Iiunt of 
I>alk<>itb. IIu wofi buried in ]>alkeitbcl)urch< 
ysnl. 

M'Ewen wn.=i an nltractiT* pr(-*cbcr and 
writer, lie van author of: 1. *OrACu and 
Tnilh ; or tbv Glory and Fulness of ihe lle- 
deemiir diH]ilny'.'d in tn Attompt to explain 
. . . the Tyi>fi», Fietires, and Allegonvs of 
the Old Teotamcni. I^o, Edinburgh, 176.3 
(nnmertins e<ii(inns). i*. ' .\ fflts;! Sut of 
Eatwya, doctrinal and pmclical, npon 8ul>- 
iecls in IHrinity,' 2 vola, 12mo, EdinhurRh. 
1767: 7th edit., 'enlargml, wilh fonrttvn 
new K»My8 on tlielVrfvclionof God,' 17D1). 

[Life by John IVtiaon prefixod to th« rarioiis 
•dilioaa of M'Even't Work*.] 0. G. 



MAOPAIT,EBt:XEZj;U,M.D,(rf. 17861, 
misciillarn'oiift writer, was ftminont in biaday 
as u Gmek scholar bqiI mathematician. He 
pnwtiaed mcyJii-inL- u.t Kdinburgh, Wt died 
lit Alva, tbo s<>ai of bin friend John Jotin- 
«ton,on'io Nov. 178tJ {•'imtj Mtii/. xlviti.ti±i). 
lie wa4 aiitbor of: 1. ' iVmarlfis on tlic Lifis 
and W ritinf(a of Plato, with AnswHnt In lUfr 
priitctpalObjuction^agnitut liim : and aOene- 
ral View of bin niulot;iiiw,' Sro, I'.dini>iirj{b, 
1760 [aofin.] If. 'A new Sy<ii<>m of G,?neral 
< Irojrrapliy,' pt. 1 (nil published), tivo, Edin- 
burgh, 17S(). Mftofnit also cnntribnti'd two- 
papiiTs on meteorological Rubjocls to toI. i. 
of ' EsMiys Physical and Literary' (17d4). 

[Watt's Bib!. Urit.] G. G. 

MACFARLAN, JAMES (18S2-18112), 
poet, of Ulasjjow. mm of a vroaver turned - 

Itvdiar, vrUB bom at Gln^^w, 9 April It^^. 
!e received some school training at Kilmar- 
nock and Olasffow, but wan mainly i»-lf- 
tnuKlit. Stirred by a stray volume of Byron 
when twelvo yeiiTit olil, he pr*»*'ntly joined 
^ubfcrLpttoti librorioii in varionn provincial 
towns vinitvxl in thw wamWinffa of the 
family. At twenty, Mscfarlon, tncn a prtv 
fi-»»ional pedlar, knew the ataudanl Kn^liflh 
pch^tii, nnd had hiniwlf written vorso exien- 
pivelr. In ItVk'l be walk>.-d to and from 
London, sccarinff tlie pnblieation of a voltunei 
of lyricii, which gave him rcputaiion, but 
little profit. I'W a short timn Ni]lii«H|urntIy 
ko belu a post in the nioag^w At heniciim, faub 
relapsed into pi^dliofi'. He printed tn Gla»- 
^)w a second book with an ambitious di>di- 
c^tiiin, but received «Kinty eacoura^rement 
either from hia patron or from the public. 
StnigglinR on atraiost coBsamptioa, povDrty, 
and nepfliM't.^-ttint; and quickly lo«iiif; 
petty cmploytUL'Ut, lie wa^ at lengtli cnf! 
«» policr-court reporter to the Gla^ow*: 
Icrin.' Too erratic for this poet^ he an ~ 
fully contributed iihurt Ktorint for a linm 
tbu wt-ekly iRsno of the pajwr. Then ho 
married, and hiic wife helped the income 
dresooinking. DickenR, whom Mtti'farli 
found 'a prince of editors,' printed sevf 
of his poems in * lloti«eholil Words ;' 
Thackeray, bearing Siuniicl Ixyrer rwcrite ht» ' 
' Ij>rd» of I-*lKiur* in ltyi9, wannly ex- 
rJaimed ibat he did not think ' Bams him- 
self could have taken th>j nitid out of thi» 
man's satt».' ^feanwhile. Marfarlan 'a health 
rapidly failed, owiii^ partly to his convivial 
habits. ]lis fatal dlnesd aeixcd him whe-n 
hawking' his pro»e pamphlet, ' An Attic. 
Study,' and bf dtrd in t9la»f^w, tt Nw. 
180^. lie was buried in Chespeide ocme- 
lery, Andctaton. (iIbji^w. and a tombslone- 
was erected br his admirers in IdSG. 



i 




MadfkrUn doM doI write in the ScotliKh 
dialect, bill, in Uiient And rcsonouL Kag- 
lidi. Ho mIiiiwii orif^iualiir ftod elttvatiou of 
thouf^r. Hisworksani: 'Pol-iiui: Piuiuru* 
of the Past,' Ift-M; 'City Songi, aoti olhrr 
RMtic&l ISecea," IMA; and ' Lyrics of Life,' 
laijti. SnbwqueDtly be publisbed two tracts, 
' The WanJt-n-ni of lb.' West,' fr poem, ami 
K iwrit:* uf acuif and eii^;^eeuve prose rt>- 
Sectioiu, t-ntitle>J 'An Attic Stuav: brief 
Natw un Xatuiv, Mun, aiid Hooka/ 'The 
PtMftiol Worka of Junes Macfodan, vitb a 
BCamoir,* appeared in 16^. 

[Uamoir b.r Mr. Colin Roo-Browu. pn;6xi>d 
ia Pooticnl Works; Umni Wilsoa'a Focta and 
Poairj of Scatlsad ; Irringa DictiooMrj nf Kmt* 
MDi SsounHO.] T. B. 

ItACFARLAN, JOHN (rf. 1840), Sciit- 
^ah advocate, elder brotber of Patrick .Mac- 
brlan fq. v.],wmB«ld«st son of Joba Wanlvo 
(I.r40-17^). minUter of the second charge, 
Canongalti, I'Minbiir^h, who took tbe addi- 
tional DitmA of Mncfarlun aftt^r narmnf; 
Anne. duui^bUT of ilugb Macfarlon of kirk- 
toior BalUiiclrroch^. John, who succwded 
lo the family property, wbj^ brou|{bl up to tlii.' 
law, and iibtaimxl a f^tux] nmoticu an an ad- 
▼ocatf. lli> was one of Sir VVnltur Sgolt's 
friends, and iitiidi«dG<^nnnn with liim iiboiiL 
17SH. Hcwa^iiitiniAtewith Ihiffald Stewart 
u»] 8ir Jleurj- Moticrielf, waa iiitcrosted in 
pkUoaophy, and a good Inwyor. He is men- 
liaiwd iu Cockburu's * Memoriala* as ' an 
Bpoatlv, and worthy of 1h« best npoatolic 
age.' Uo publixlii-tl two pamphlets, ' >Vlto 
■ne tbu t'rii-nda of Kplipon and the Church ? ' 
183tl; and 'Tlw Prosbj-tcrian Empin, Jls 
Orifcin, Din'linx, aiid Fall,' 184:!. lie di«d 
16> fVc. 1S4B, leaving a son, 

Uxi.-rASL&?f, Juiu <160(>-1871), who was 
bam in l^W, Hrctiwd br the pre.«byfery of 
Ulaaguw in 18^1, and became miuislflr of 
MuinvoDsid*', nvor Linlithgow, on tha pre- 
Mntaiiciu iif William IV, iu Iv^^i. He was 
4 Uvbrew acbolar, and publi^bod in ItUo an 
Enf liah TeiBwn ofthv ' Pronbi-citM of EKokit-l.* 
H« mnrriwl, 31 Del. lB37,5l«til(lii Mumiitie 
riiTLiitie, dauE:hler of Captain Christie of the 
7bc1i regiment, and Knnddai^thtt-'r of WiU 
liam Mon<hv«<l of llrrbertaliin. Hy h«r Ii« 
kit, araoo|r other childrpn, a eon, 

JkKt* Macfaklas (lt>liV-lH«(),who WlUt 
bun It Jan.li^*>,<>dncnt<Hl at. therMinhuTjcb 
Acadfiny { l81itM(l ) and university (1861-4), 
and licvDsed as a mini:4«r. From 1809 till 
187 1 U» aausted at l)iiud««, and wu ap- 
rilnlMl minutn' of ItuLhwcll by the Earl of 
laoeScI'I tn 1871. ilu wiw an Btebjwlogisl, 
pd by bin i>M*rtion* iti ]b87 the runic cniaa 
of Knthwi'U, on wliich be wrote a monograph, 




itHVi, wan removed to the church. He du>d 
at Fouldeo, lienvickabire, 7 Oct. l^^. and 
was burifd at Ituthw«ll. A mMmonaJ hall 
has been dinci; butk iu com lueoin ration of bis 
work in thu nikrinlj. llu married a duui:[hrer 
of l'I^>fL■MO^ Allan Monciesof Edinburgh Uni- 
v«ni[y, uud left a^veral children, 

[Infonnation kindly farniahad by Dr. Donieof 
Sovuiionks: Cockburu'»LirEijf Jof&»y,). 21, 113, 
ii. 36. C3 ; C. Morahwd'c Mam. of R. Horrbiaid, 

LK'kbart'd -Scott, p. 56; Hew S«.tf» fftrti : 
Uurnfnus and Ouliomiy Htandan], 9 Ucl.. and 
Uumfrifia noil Gallowur Cqiuut and Horald, 
12 Oct. 1889; M-moini of Jam^a .M»<-tJirUn 
(1810-L88»),18»2,1 W. A. J. A. 

MACPARLAN, PATRICK (I7rt0- 
ISlft), SrotlUh (liviiifi, joimtfr broiluT of 
John Macfarliin [tj. v.], was «iliical«Kl at thu 
Edinburgh Hii^h School, wn.-< licenj<('d by tjjo 
presbyterjo[i.dinljur|thi>ii2*Si)tM:. IKKl, and 
was presented t >i the charp' of KipjM>n in ISI>ti 
by Darid Krekinu of Cardn>M. In HlUbe was 
imn-ifcrrtid, on thepr^si'nintionnrUedrgtlll, 
I to Pulmont, Stirliu^hlnj : tu 1(^24 in: bucumc 
miiiisttTof Si. John'c, tilft»f(ow, in micri-Mion 
toChalmerB; in IW-^jminblorof St. Enoch's, 
rila«pow; and in lSi2 he wai" t rutin ft: m-d, ini 
tbi* ur(««'titation of SirMichju-l Sliaw Stnwari, 
to the w>?»l parish nf Greeinx-k, the richest 
liTinjr in th^ church of Scotland. H-i was 
examLued on :K) and 2^ March 1831 before 
thp commictei! of the House of Commons on 
church piitroui4,'L', and wui^ mudi-mtor of tht; 
gfiienil aiaM-uihly llif s«in* ji-ar. At the 
di=ruptioH ho atllicrfd to the protcet, joint^ 
tliL* Fcri;*sion, and was di'clan-d no loiigi-r a 
mini3t<>r of the hirk on 24 May I^H-'i. lie 
was tnodenitor of the frw |!i.>n«ml aswmbly 
in 184.'>. Hedirti on 13 Nov. 1S4'.>, Mnc- 
farlan married, on 8 Jan. I80^. Catherine, 
danpIiti7rufI[obcrtCln»on,mini[itiT of Logic; 
Bihu died in hSL'i, and IvA a sou John, a 
freo church minister at Grwenock, and two 
dau^ler». 

Ilia chief works were: 1. 'Thoiighl* on 
Popular KIt'ction,PatronagB,an(lCall(i.'lidin- 
hurnh,lK3.t,Hvo. :.'. 'Lutti-rto thoFrimiUof 
tbp EatjiWiiihwi Church," Edinburgh. 1842, 
8ro. 3. 'The Past and Preat-nt Slnie uf Evan- 
fTplicwl Ilt'liKiwi in Swilwrland,' Ftlinhiir^h, 
184'*, 8ro; tho Aral of a serii-fl of lectures 
on foreign churches. 4. 'A Vindicnlion of 
ihu Chivrdi of Scotland,' London, 18<iU, Mo ; 
an answer to the Uukc of Argyll'* ' t^ftssy 
on the Ecc1«iastical History of Scotland.' 
In It'-^ti-" lio engagisd iu a contnreriiy witb 
(Jn?vi]leEwing[q. v.],ot!Ca«ionftdbya(ipt4wb 
of tho latter at a mectinu: of the Glorjtow 
Atixiliarr Bibl« Socifty. Hh edil.-d \V»r- 
den's ' Eltway on tbe laird's Supper,' l^itb, 



Macfarlan 



74 



Macfarlane 



4 



180N, and Thouuu Brown's ' Sennoiu,' Glu- 
gow, l^S. 

[Uow Soott'» Fii«li, pmwm ; l>iiruption Wor- 
tbiu ; Ffm Church Mug. 1840.] W. A. J. A. 

MACFABLAN, WALTKR (d. 17(!7). 
at] Til) nary, srronil son of John Macfiirfiiti of 
AJTochar and Helen, daagtit«r of Itobi^rt, 
ASL-ond Ti«coiini Arbiithnot. ftiieec«ded hia 
btLer in i7ii't. From bis early yeanMacfkr- 
lui<!i3voteil him»<.-lf to nntiqu&riiin KMarch 
cann^L-lud wiih iht* hifitiiry of Scotland. Ec- 
c1i-Min>Lical iKwjrds specially attracli;d him, 
Aud hi> employed n rlerk named Tait Co muku 
copivs of uiuet uf ttiu cariulariov ucev«ibU 
(o liiin : lI[(- c-n]ut'!i nn? nntahte for their ac- 
curacy and nmtta«Bs, Mncfurlau appears to 
htive lieW Nirict virw* an Hitpu^tte. 'The 
late laird nf MarfELrliin, an eminent pjnsalo- 
giel,' wToIo Dr. JohitfOit in hi» ' HeWidtfan 
I'oiir,' p. l.tl, 'wttiMdori'd hiinitt>If as (Usro- 
Bpectfully trtfuti.'^d if the common addition 
[t.o- Mr] WM applied to him. " Mr. Mac- 
larlun," iiaid lio, " may wild equal propriety 
be aaid to nmny ; hut I, and I only, am Mac- 
farlan." ' lie (lied ut his huti^i' in L'unongnce, 
Ediiihiirjfli, on rt.luni- 17C7. }lis library WM 
enld.niidthi* KannUyof AdvoculespurcLaiiLHl 
in irySliis nintiii*Lnpt?,(»f which llmw have 
bi'en prinU"! thu fartiiliiritfH of Aberdeen, \ 
Arhroatli, Halmvrino, Dryhnrgh, Diiiifvmi- 
IJn*, Ki-l»o, Lindorcs, JU-lrost;, Moray, St. 
Andrews, umJ Scoiif. Thcwo were exten- 
sively used hy Uoufftas in his * PwrnfTiOi of 
Scotland.' Mucfarkn nnirrii-d in 1700 i^dy 
Elicciheth Krukiiu-, danj^htBr of AU'sandor, 
eixth eurl of Krlly, uiid Ipft a sou Walter. 
Thi-rtj in a portrait of Miicfarlan in the 
library of thn SociHty of Srota Anticiiiariow, 
■whii'b wa» cnKTUved lu 18HI. Anollivrhv 
.1. T. Si'ninn, in tli« Natimial Portrait Oiit- 
lery, Edinbur^'h, vfos eograved in mcuotint 
by Ale\find(!r Ilay. 

[G«nt. Mng;. 1767: •%»(« MatcnnDfi; Johii-^ 
von'* UnhriilMin Tniir: iMiiftlao'd ItaronagA of 
Bcoclaml; Ndlcn Btid QuDric*, lit aet. ir. 400, 
iliU: Tumbuira CttliiloKue of 1-noulty of Adro- 
CuUih' Lt)>rnry ; Irvin;;*8 Kmincnt ScotBTDon ; 
Aodvrvon'* Sciitliih Nation.) A. F. P. 

MACFAIlLAKE.MB9.f/. 1710-1719). 
Biurdujva*', wn* ilaiiyhter of C-olonel Olinrle« 
fitrailon, a tcaloun Jaeobitl^. Wh«.-n about 
liinvtvcniibotuu[Ti«)d.l(>1in Mnvrnrlauo.writtfr 
to the sifjnet and law aj^nt of Simon 
Fraacr. lord Loval. At iLu timiiMaefarlnno 
Waa in middlu lifi^, many yr-iim hit wife's 
wnior. Soon after ihe tnarriajrw Mrs. Mac- 
£&rlaDf mndii thi> nnjiMticilnin^! •>{ Captain 
J(^ Cayler, a cominiaaioner of cuatome, 
and Km of t'orni'lin* Ciivk'v of thi- Hty of 
York. On 29 Sept. 1 7 16'lie'called on her iu 



her houae at Edinburgh, when, for ruMons 
known only io liurwif or him, she Qr«d two 
sbota at him with a paalol, one of which 
pierced hia htMirt. Ilvr hiuband uswtad 
thai )tha firttd to tuira herself from oulra^ 
(letter in SirintoTts vf that llh, p. &0), and 
eha altiritii,-d thul tlii* ('xpliiiialioti wim ' only 
too truo' (i/'. p. 91). \\&t husband alan 
aflinned lUcit she wished to wnd for a ma^ta- 
tnito and tell thi- whnlt; Mory, and that he 
advised Iter against it. Not appearing to 
stand bfir trial in tlio Gnsutnf^ Fi-bruarr, she 
was uutlawi'd. ^\ik obiainija refuge in the 
uiiui»iou-LonF« of the >Swiuton family in a 
eoncealed apartment oncnin;]f from tho fwr- 
lour by a alidiiiz panid. A cliiUI of Lady 
Rwinton, while ner mnth>"r waa at church, 
discovered Mrs. Macfarlune onu day in the 

Earlour, and tliia iuoicb-nt KM);(^!iiti<d to Scott 
is tlewription of thi! concftalment and die- 
coTpry of the CounteM o^ Uerby in ' Prvrril 
of thu Peak.' Scott, nays * it \% C'CTlain idia 
returned and hred and died in Edinburgh ' 
(note to I'fticrii ••/ the Peak). If, howoTer* 
•hti retuniL-d, bur life in I'Minbui^bwascom- 
paratirely nhort, for her huaband marriad 
ujpun on H Oct. I7U> ( .Vptti-ndix to Vraiav^ 
soya Atnjor FritMr's Mtmu*npt ). 

[Ckiunlixni'K DontnLk Annab of Scotland: 
ScoII'r note «> Pevoril of th« P«ak ; FefRuaaon'i 
Major Fraiior'a MuniiHcript, App. S'n. X. ii. IJO— 
1 81 : A. C. SwiiiUiii'i. THb Swiatoiw of llint IUlI 

T. F. H. 
MACFABLANE, CH AKLES |rf. 18WJ, 
jni»<'eU<nn!(>iiii writ-r, a native of Bcolland, 
was son of liobcrt Muet'urlnn*.-, hy liis wife, 
daughtvrufjohn Iliiu-H.nl uiidwidiiw of Major 
Harris, who was killwt at the mftsaacnt of 
Pstna in 17113, Fruni Jiintmry ISlft to Mar 
18i!7 ht> livM in Italyand travellM tfaroogfi 
every part of the PeninBula, ncquirinff com- 
pkto familiarily wilb it.-« Innpiapi' and Iit«ni- 
lurt'. In 1W7 be wont to Turkey and resided 
fornixCeen months in Constant inoplti and th(> 
Turkish proviticL* H« retunu'd to Kn;;land 
on 3 F(-b. INl'il. nettling in l/-indon, and »a[^ 
ported himself by litunir^- work. Hf was 
for many ytMirit a vnlujiblu ui*unber of Charles 
Knijrbt'aiitafl'. 

Arcompanicd by liia eldL'st aon. a youth 
of "ixtren, Maefartitni^ rt-l iiriu'd to Turkey in 
]K'I7, and on his way borne, in the summer 
of IWH. vialterl Mei«inn. and made a tour 
through tbo kingdom of Napl<v<, tlie Abnini, 
the marches of Anconn, and Rome. About 
July 1857 he was nomiiintvd a poor lirotJaer 
of ibw Charterhouse, where he died on 
il liec. 11^8. James Robinson llanclifr, his 
collaborator in wveral of Kniehi'a pnMicn- 
tiona, found him 'a moat amusing companiou 
and a warm fritrud." 



Macfarlanc 



75 



Macfarlane 



Maofiirlane's br^i work wan tho ' Civil and 
^tlilttrr IIi<ili.ir\'i)f Knglaii(l,'whicEihv(v>iitri> 
buteil to Knietit's 'PiclAhal lliftCon'/e'Uted 
1^ 0«otg» tube Craik, 8 voU. Hro, l[ii38-44. 
llm RnigglM between tli« hotucs of York And 
LuuMWtvr are described wiUi capedkl spirit 
4iid knowlMlf^-. Ankbridiiment, withacon- 
tiniuiioD to ditro, wiu publisbod, uiidvr tlifi 
title of 'The Cabinet Ilision' of Ki\({land,' 
M vol>. I'-imt}, Loudon, 184^-7. AnutliLT 
cditiou, with tlip titlr cliang^ to ' Tliw Coin- 
ptebueivti lltstoiT of Kngland,' aptteand 
imdar Xho oditorslup of tlw Itur. 'iliomiis 
^Omson, 4 TqU. 6vi>. I.Anilaa, IHTiii-Hi , nnd 
^sia In l^TC-ri: and a ibird, with a oon- 
tuuutkm to lHf<4, by Thomas Archer, was 
iflBoed. u ' The Popular HiMory of England,' 
3 rr>I»,8ro, London, lt<y«. For Knight Mac- 
^rlane iUm Pompilt^d nnon\-moii<1y two ph>a- 
(&n t Utile Tolumea calK-^ ' Yhv luiok of TaMe 
Talk." 1836 (another edition 1847), for which 
I'laacM wroto a hricf lufltory of sta^ co»- 
Inmc- 

>UcfarIan<.'*s luotorical nov[>]a ore r^ad- 
■Uf, but lii<t bi<i|fraphi'-A of nn-ahfim (1K17), 
Jbriborou^rhd^ol' ),\\>Ilini:toii( l^')^, tt^77, 
16801, and N«p»Wn I {Ir^J, 18:d, 18610, 
18B8), his liUione« nnd IxkiW of travel, go 
br to jurtifj tb* ' AihenKum'a' reference 
to bun a« a ' voluminou?, tiat a luminoiu 
vhter.' Maefarlanc'a writ4i]^i>, otlior ihnu 
llkOaealnadviMticed, include: 1.' ('nnatnciti- 
DOpU in JtK}^' 4tu. London, 18'^ (two vdi- 
CunM ; Iraoslat^ into Frvncii, '2 voN. Hvo, 
Plria, leaO I. 2. • Tlie Armcniatia, a Tale of 
Oo mr ant in ople.' StoK ISmo.Ivondon.lSSO. 
i'BartioYorffhilorfnclfetieorjrft.theGnHjk 
PUot,' in Tol. I. of ' The Sisters' Hudffel.'STO, 
Loil4oa,ls3l. 4. 'Tho HnmaiiMof llidtorr; 
Ital7.'STok. l£mo, London, ISSti (and It^^). 
A. *Tlie Seven Apocnlyptic ChuicbM. The 
Etching by T. Kma* Jto, Loudon. lS3i. 
fl. 'Thp Live* and ExplotiA of Iliuiditti and 
Bolibeni in all larts uf the World,' 2 roK 
13no,Loailon,iH:t:{(tin<l IMt7,inthu'FHniily 
Libtajy*), I. ' Tlia French RevoliitionV 
4 roU. flvo, London, 1814-5, in Kni^ht'a 
■Librmr^ for the Timea.' S. 'Our Indian 
Emfuvj 8vo, LoodoD, 1H44, in th« same 
•enea. 9. 'Thi> Caup of Itefu^e' (anon.), 
9 vols. 12iiKt, luMidon, 1M4 (aim li^yf)- 
ISfC): a Ule of the conna«st of the li>l« of 
By. 10. 'A Irf-ffrnd of naiding Abb«?y' 
<»aon.). l!inio, Loiuloo, l&l-'i, in ' Iviiixh't'tt 
Wrtkly,' No. 62. 11. 'The Uutrli in the 
Jfetiway' (anon.), ll^mo, London, 1*'46, in 
ifce Mine aerie*. Xn. 4;t. Th>'H< iUn»- tatf3i 

{itibltflhed collectively, iindt-r the title 
d Eng^laDd NorHftti^,' 4 voU. 18mo, 
-7. tJ. 'The Komanoc of Travel: the 
SmI,' S Tola. ISoio, London, l84ti-7, in 




•Knigbi'«AVeekly,'No6.81, 111. 13.'Popu-. 
lar Cut>t(.>ina, Sjntrts, an«i ll>-col lections of 
tbe South of Italy,' 12mo, lAndon, 1846, 
ill 'Knight's Afouthly Volume,* ori^nally 
contributed lo ihii 'Penny Magaiine' be- 
tween 18^4 and 184*'>. 14. 'A Glanm at 
&eTolutio&iz4Kl Italy,' 2 vols. 8vo, London, 
It^lU. 12. 'Sicily, bur Con^tittitioiu, and 
Viscount Puluit^.iton'it Sicilian Jtiue-Uook,' 
Sto, London, I841>, no appendix to the above. 
16. 'Turkey «nd lU l)«>liny,' 2 vol*. 8vo, 
London, l^'iO. 17. • The NeapoHtan Govem- 
iQvnt nnd .^[r. Gladstone,' Svo, Lcmdoa, 1S51. 
It*. ' A HUtory of Urilinh Indi.i," 8vo, U>n- 
doii,l(*ij2(18--.7.18.'iS,and]8^l). 19. 'Japan, 
annrcdunt tifiKraplucalandlfistorical. . . . 
WitblUufttratiomfroinDeni^^bvA.Alloin,' 
8to, London, IWii'. lU ' The Catacombs of 
Komc, with Illiistrationa.' Idmo, London, 
lW.W(l8rj4audl8.VJ). ^L'TlieGnjalUaulea 
ofthoBritifih Army,' 8vo, London, IWWlt^lsd 
edit, Ib^A). •22. ''KJamct, or tha Doom of 
Turiev," 8vo. London, IH.'iS. 2;*. ' Thet'uap 
of 18-''}d. with Uinis on Military Matt«n tM 
('ivi!ion»,' l:Jmo, London, ]H.>:t. '2-i. ' Pa- 
Iriotaof China,' Hvo, London. lA'i;!, 2'>. 'Tha 
Ciiiii>-ae Iterolution, with delailx of the 
Habita, ^fanntrrA, and Customs of China and 
the Obineae,' ]6mo, l^ondon, tH&;i. He also 
tmnnlatad DoabaroUes'a 'Two French AnisU 
in Spain,' 8vo, 1&>1. 

[ALliauituru, IS Dec ]S6fl, p. SOO ; Pliuiehi'a 
Krvollvctiotiii ; Brit. Mqei. Cat.] 0. 0. 

MACFARLANE, DrXCAJf (1771- 
18.17), princiiwl, of OLwgow UniTervity, 
•on of Duncan M itcl'arlunc, miniiterof Dry- 
nen, Sttrlin^biru,wus bum at Aucbingray, 
S7 Sept. 1771. lie waa ediiealed for taa 
cliurch at the uhivcr«ity orOlas^w, licetued 
1791, andordninrdio tho ciiargwuf l>ryni«n, 
in aooeeanon to his father, in 170l>. In i>^QS 
b» waacrwatodn D.O. of hix nnivcriiity. Ho 
contt'at^^dunsaooeesfiiHy the chair of divinity 
and tW ministry of tbe Trou Church, wlivr9 
Dr. ThoniiM Chalmers was elected, after & 
keen contest, in 181-1. He was made one of 
hia m^csty's chaplains in 18lo, Mtred as 
moderator of the ^n^niTal awenbly in I8I9, 
and presented an addrewiloUeor^IVonhia 
Bcc&ssion in iPSl^l. While still at I>ryinoa 
Le was appointed dean of the Cliap^l lloyul, 
but reaiffoedbothotUces onbeinc madeprin* 
cipal of (llasf^w Uuivereity eJi>[ miaiAli'r of 
tb«lii^h Church, (floflffow, in 1*^24. Ilppo- 
siiinn VI-U6 raided to nia holdine the two 
"t!tc*>? cnnjointiy. bdt fhe fteneml assetnhly, 
by lOA to 80 voieo, dtfctdod that be was 
acting legally. The colonial misaion Kbeme 
was ori|^nalt)d by bim, and he continnrd ita 
oonveD«rover tw«Dtyywus. In tho ptttroa* 



Macfarlane 



76 



Macfarlane 



i 



■go wmlroverey bv dcfoin3«tl the estnblished 
cliiircb uf Switltuid uf^itiHst the seccdcn, nnd 
afi a madomtor n{ the f^nonil lU^orablT for 
tb« MKond titn« rundticltKl the church busi- 
nuM in the (l).4runtion rcnr, 1843. Ho diod 
ut Glasgow, £5 >ov. 1857. 

(Scutl's Fuati Ei?L'1lo»iB» Scotii?i>nr, 1868, vat. 
ii.pt.i.pp. r.23iJ. 3i3; J, Smith'* tt.ir Scoabih 
C\FTgy,-iaisDT. ISlfl. pp. 72-0; G-MJwUnigcip'B 
lltsborTorOI(M)^w, lS81,p.464; Irviag'a Book 
of Scotsmen, 1881. p. 300.J 0. C. B. 

MAOFAHLANE, JOHN, U..D. (1807- 
1874), Scottish diviDL', bom in T>unferniline 
on 7 frVb. lyo", was third son of .lames M»i> 
farUno, for forty years colleagues, nnd iifti>r- 
vards succGseorntQuMB Anno Strvel Church, 
DiinftTmUnp, of Jiuuea Husband, D.D. (_d. 
1B21), whose daiif^hter Gract' wm Uw iritV. 
Site dit>d in t^iviii^ birlh tn her ninth child 
wbeoJohn was eighr years of a^. Of his 
brothers, JnaiK« b'*i-»mi' tlie li^ndiiift solicitor 
in Dunftirmline. WillJnin Hit^liand a woll- 
Irnnn-ntithii(rnipherinKdinbnrj;h,t{''''>rffwiind 
TrVardlii.wmL'rchiiiit*inGlfti^w,ttniJ.\ndrew, 
mitiislor of Trinity U, F. Uhiirch, Greenock. 
Johtiwnseducat.i'd at the CTummar school of 
UmiformliuL', and in hii^ thirtwnth year en- 
tered thu univrmily of Kdinbnrgh. In 1823 
bu alteudi'd a Boirsba at GIagouw (.'nivnrMty, 
And tintoriHl tlii' Divinity IliJi of ihe United 
Secaaaion church in K^il. II« vraa licunsed 
by the presbytery of Kdinburgh in 1830, and 
wwowUined in'Kincftniin.-^n-rorih in the 
followinp year. Ify soon hfcami.' linowti as 
ft popiiliir piwufhtT and a fwotli- nnd vohimi- 
nous writer. In l«sl^ a HiecpLe was addi^d 
til hilt church, and a bell introduced. An 
inturdicl to pruvi-nt ibc b<'ll from beinjf rung 
vaa served ujiim him at the instance of (hi* 
parish miniKtur, hut it watt found thnt the 
uw! of clitircli ht'LU »■«» iifH, nn nxdusive 
privilego of the car ah li shed church. In 3up- 
tvtnber ll^U) ho was induct)^ iriln I hit cbm-ge 
of Nicnlson Strivtt U. P. Chutcli, OlftH- 
gow. Shortly aftorwanli his pongrepatinn 
TCtnovcd to a n^.v tlninch, cnlli-d Krahine 
Church, in momory of two of the founders 
of the Booe^sion denomination. In ]i<i'2 
Mncfrirlano received tho d'!ffi\'0 of I.I-.I>. 
from < ilajjpiw t'niv«r«ity. In comiiany ivilh 
l)r. II. M. Macpillof Glasgow and otm'r<, Mnc- 
farlnnt' pruint^tw] ihw cbubo of ])re»byt<'riiin 
church exienaion in England. I'unds placed 
at lh<.> diaposal of tlie synod for ihu uiirputtc 
by Jolin Henderson, esq., of Park, Glasjtow, 
enabled Macfarlane and liis aBSOciatw to <>pBu 
nrvshvlcrinn c1nirrh(ra at Ilift'hbnry Aim at 
ClajiliKin, lA>nchin, and in .\ugust 1B61 Moc- 
brlane hiin»<>lf was called to the lnlt>>r. He 
was doctfid moderator of tho unii ed pr«shy- 



terian synod in 1806 and of the English 
provincial synod in 1870, L'nder hia minis* 
try Clapham Uhurch increased from thirty- 
six mtiuibKni to about ct|ihL hniidntd. anti 
raised oTer 12,000/. for buildinf: purposes. 
MncfHrlani' died «ft«r n lonft illness in 11*74. 

Tn I&I7 Mftdarlan^ marriod Janpr .Titmie- 
BOQ.secoQddaught<!rof theltoT, Dr. Kidston 
of Ola»|t;ow. 

Macfarlane publiithed, apart from aermona, 
Iecturis,andpamphh.t»: l.'ThcXiphl I<omp.' 
a narrattvir 'of ila' mL-aus by which fnihiual 
darkne!*^* was (iw|ielh'd from th« deathbed of 
Ajfnos MftTwell M nc furl ano ' (wTi tie n in \>*SSf 
butnor puljlii-h(;d till l^'jl'l. '2. 'The .Moun- 
tains of tin- Hilile, tlii-ir Seucfl and their Lc«- 
sona.'lWO. 3. '.■UtarLiBht,'lM.J9. 4. 'Airnr 
Ztai; lK.-,fl. r>. 'AltarOidd.'IKra. 6. -T-he 
Life and Times of Dr, Laweon,' tho result erf 
nitich Islxmr and resi'nrcli, IHfil, 7. 'Pulpit 
Echop-t,' IRilS. In Ift.'i", in conjunction with 
I'r. McKeiTow, he editwl ' The Life and Gom^ 
epondcnec of the Rct. II. Bclfragc. D.P. , Fal- 
kirk.' InJ»38 he cowlribul«Hl to ibe'f'hris- 
liaQ Trea9ury''Mornl Viewaof London.' He 
waaal«o thuauthurufiuumDirflof Dr. .\rcher. 
Dr. Kidst'iii, Dr. Smith, Dr. SIcKelvie, Dr. 
Baird, the li«v. .John Campbell, and utberB, 
and (rrlltud 11 ' G<ind<m»odCDinmuntary,' frOttt 
lli'nry and Scott. 

EPdMoiial kriowIiNlfii* ; Graham's Mtraoirs of 
a Mm-fivrlaiie, I.T,.I>. ; AuniiU uiid Stutistics 
Of ihu U. P. Cljur^;h.l T. R J. 

MACFARLANE, PATIUCK (1758- 
]iiR'J), Gaelic scholar, horn in 1758, was for 
soiDU time schoolmaster at .\ppiii, Ar^ll- 
aliiro, hut lattorly n-^ident in Glaspiw, whara 
hedied towards tho end of It^S^, Hi* woili 
in Gaelic liti rnlnreconsi.'itrtl mosliyof Irans- 
laiioos iiublihhed by the .Society in Scotland 
for the Propapiition of Chri»tiftn Knowlwlge. 
Amonp ihn authors whotie works he tnina- 
latfd into Gaelic ar« Hiixler, Dr. Blair, Run- 
yan, Dnddridgp, and Guthrie. Hucin-ecled 
thu [iruof* "f ihn Gaidic New Tystament of 
D»i;i and of Mr Lend and Dowiir'a Dictionary, 
lie also compiled a manual for fntnily derc^ 
lion (1&29), puhli-ihM a amall rolleclion of 
Giudic poQms (1813), and a vocabulary of 
Gaelic and EnRlinh (IHIo). 

[Rord* Bibt. Aealu-C^ltica: Itnt,Miiii.Oat; 
Guul. lliiR. 1833, pt. i. p. 93.) 3. It M. 

MACFARLANE, TIOBERT (173*- 
1801 ), miKtfL'ILunLinis writwr, a native of Scot- 
land, wftft horn in ]7a4, and received his 
education at the university of Edinburgh, 
whcrf bt» pr<iri'i?d['d M..A-. lie scttltMl in 
Jjotidon, and for somD v«*ars kept a school 
with i^at suceeas nt. WaUhiuni'low, IChmx. 
At on« time ho was editor of the * Muniiiif 



Macfarren 



Ghromde* and 'London IV-kot.* His »- 
tantive taemorf cfubl«d him to fnithMly ' 
Rport MOM at tbe finest Speechi.>$ in |»rluf 
BCDt Juriiiff Lord Nortlt's adininttumioti^ , 
CipecUllT iboeu di'livvn-d m Itio ik'botes on 
Uw Atnrrioaii war. On ibeeTeainffof S Aug, 
HSM, duriofc tlu.> Brcntford t-li-ctittii, ho vras 
Ulnlby bi.'int; ii[:t.'iilcnLullr ihrovrn under B 
SriHent HunnieT?mith(FAiri.KXHB, Ham- 
wv^i'M. pp. 397-4). j 

MarfarUn*TrMeng»gedhyTliomftBEn>n«, I 
die publiiiber, of Pateni06t«r ICow, to writu * 
'Uictorr of tb« R^iga of 0«oiiti> ITI,' tht* 
flnt roltUDA of vliich wm insued in 1770. 
Ib ooaMquence. bowerer, of some mtstuidtir- 
■taoding, Evans employed another writer to 
■oMinue tbe work, lb« aecond vuliim<> of 
which Mpcttfed in 17t^, and iho third in 
178i. On beiiiff rcconcilwl lo Kvaiut, Mac- 
(■rianp wrotwln 1796 « faurth volume, which 
ms lererely haodltd bv the critic*. Mu> 
hrliuie def»nd«d hinmH^lf in an 'Appendix, 
•ethp0ritick*0ritir-i«ed,*8vo, London, 1797. 
Uo WW MB eathuniafttic ailmircr of tlio 

C^tah of Ossian, and triknslated thvm into 
tin vrree, publishing in )709th(> lirMtbook 
of * T<?uioi« ' M & specimen. At the lime of 
hii death he had in lb« vTvm an elaboraht 
«ditioa of the f>oet, wb'iat wM aOcrwiirds 
^ 'wmtA under thv au«picei of the Iliiiblnud 
H^btielr of London, with Uia title ' The Po^ms 
^HsOMiAn in Tiu^lir, tinih a literal Tranjilatiua 
^^lo Ijittn. with u 1 >i*iu.Ttiitinii on their au- 
thenticity by Sir J. SincUir, and a TransUi- 
lion (rota ib'e Italian of the AbbA Cotnrvttn'a 
DiMrctatioD on tbi> ControTersy respActin^ 
OMian, with Notv» by J. McArthur, 3 vols. 
8vo, I>'n.Jon, 1K07. 

In 17t>7 Macfarlan<.-])uhli»hed'An.\i]dro8B 
to the IViTFphiofthnlJritiAhr'mpireon Public 
Affain,' and in 1700 a tmtii-ktiou otOiorgo 
Bnchnnan'i ' Dialogue conc«miug tha Iligbti 
of the Cfflwn of Scotland,' with two ditto 
tAlian» prefixed, one on thv prvM'^ntlvd iilwn- 
titTofthoO«{<t«u)dScylhiHnii,andtheOotlui 
and Scot>i, and tbe other vindicating the 
chaiwrtcr of lluchanan as an historian, 

JdMt. Mag. 1804, ii. TOl : Andvnua'a Scot- 
1 ffaiioo. ii. 731-3 ; Okmi's Diary of a ItoKet 
of I^tcratorv. IRIO. p. $i.] Q. 0. 

UACFARhAHTR, ROBERT, LoBD Ob- 
MtBALB ) lf^''--l^'^'i Senslor of tlltf CoIl«gD 
ofJuatiwi bom In ISO*^, wbk i>on of Pftrlanii 
MBcfartanf* of Lua^ Dnmliart on shire. He 
wu i.<ducal«d at Glasgow and 1->1 in burgh, and 
adniltM) a writer to tbeugnet in 1827. He 
■ftfrwards paML-d some time in Jamaica, but, 
determining to proceed to tho bar, bMAtno 
■dvocAteat Edinborgbtult^^. Hewaavei? 
nuMM»fai with juriM in Civil cases, though 



not an orator, kikI in I8&-1 wu« madv Htirriir 
of ItfJifrewjibire. He vaB made an ordinary 
lord or«es»ion, with the title of Lord Ormi- 
dale, on 13 Jan. 1^^, and traniif«rrcd to Cho 
second division in 187-1. As a judge he was 
kind to Toang barristers, and very pain^ 
taking, lie bad a dislike for showy plead- 
ing, and did a great denl aHer Lord Colon- 
Bay's deuth to reform thu procedure of tho 
court of ii«)uiou. IttM S]>wch unin Ihn con> 
dition of the court before the Jnridical So- 
ciety in lf*67 cauaud somi» controrynry, hut 
the act of ifitj^ abotiAhlngTnanyof ihfr tficimv- 
cslities uf plaading wan largely due to his 
adv<icacy. Ormidrdp died at Tlartrigg^, Jed- 
burgh, on 3 Xov. IftH). Hirt wife, a Miaa 
Ort-igh of Ecclea, Uerwjckshire, whom hs 
married in 1 846, prcdecoascd him. Ormidolio 
published: 1. ' The Practice of ibu Court of 
Session in Jury taus^a,' Kdinburgb, ltiS7, 
8vo. 3. 'Keponsof JuryTrialsiothoCourts 
of Session trom 12 .March 1B38 to 27 Dee, 
1839/ Edinburgh, 1811, 8vo. a Piirt^ i. to 
viii. of ' Pmclicnl NfAm On tha Strucluni of 
Issues in Jury Caaea in the Court of Session,' 
Edinhurgh, t84-)-6, «vo. 

[Scotsman. 6 Nor. 1880; Irring'a Diet, of 
KminoDL Scoljnnim, p. 6Ji; Ann. Ktg. 1880, 
p. 219; Book uf Digcitio.] W. A. J. A. 

MACFARREN, ttEORGE (ITSB-iaW), 
dramnui>t imd thBUlricsl manager, bora in 
IxinduafiSa^L. ITHS, wtu>iion of ueorge Mao* 
farren. HewMflducatMlchit'Dyat Arvbbishop 
TuniMiii's school in Ca:«tle Street, Leiraater 
Snunr«, and while llier<:< he wrote a tmgody 
which was privately played bv bis ttcuoof- 
ffUow.s, with tliL* eupport of EilmunJ Kean, 
then & boy of th«ir own agi'. Mucfarrvn wo* 
also aometliing of a luu^ieiaii, and acivirding 
to hia foa. Sit G. Muvfarrun, ' Up could sus- 
tain either of Ibe parts in a vinlin (|iiart<.*t,* 
and 'had ho not met with a foshionnhia 
tiiar-liHrijfdttnciiig.nBtm'd Bishop, who offered 
to make liini a genilf man inst«(id of a }idc))i?<r, 
hw would have adopted music as his profea- 
Bion' (MMirtii WaHd, \y. 24, 1877). He 
was the first t-eadier of Oury tb« vtolinict 
(DtTBOinio, TA* TiWiH, 1878ed.,p. ai7),and 
whilo still unditr twenty ye&rs of ago he 
opened a dancing academy of lus own. In 
]^16 he Tiflit^d Paris, wherti he had Iruutons 
ill dancing fruu thu best Leacbers. Ilia 
natural bent was, howevi-r, lowiinU t ht^ stage, 

' and on 28 Si^t. 1818 hia first publicly p<-i^ 
furrabd dramatic work, ' Ah ! what n I'lly, 

' or the Dark Knight and thit Fnir Ladv.' waa 
givpn at the English Opera lloutv (for tlw 
benefi^ of John Pritt llarlov) [q. v.] : from 
this date almost ev^ry ycttr witnvssud ibepro- 

. duction of some [uece or other from bis p«a. 



Macfarren 



78 



Macfarren 



In Fubruftpy 1631 h» took ovor tlift man- 
aninunt of tliL- thttatre in Totieoliam Sireet, 
voicii he. called tku (juwn'a Thcain), in 
liatiDur of QuL-en, AdL-ltido, aud lieru ho k- 
inaituKl until Julj" of the following year, pro- 
ducing, amung mimerous other -workis u 
■irsowt ic vi-rfrion of 1 iiLndt^l'ii ' Acijt nnd C jala- 
t&k' tor ■wliich Oipriimi Potter irrote ad- 
diTLOuol accompanim^iite (cf. BxinnBR, Lt/e 
tff O. A. Mar/anrn^ p. ;». 1892). Macfarren 
euieni^ to Uqm; luid special stresa uponaccurHCf 
of (iKtail nnd uutumlnesAin sto^nff tlifrplAys 
■R'liicli \w prodiiocJ. itjtjen. £Ui»ton, aiic- 
oowtvely !v!v*i"e of Drurj' l^ane, tb« Olympic, 
and ^iirroy thcatnrA, statod that 'no sucti 
poHVct piuturuH ris hu enw at tlio Queoii'a 
Thrntr.- liaii evirbecn put on theatogc.' SUd- 
£cldpaiutedudrup-&C(.'Uo, whJclilio prest!utud 
to MHtfarn-n usu loki'ii of frti-iiclslitp; Win- 
Bt(inwiL8actin^-mi).na^r,and Lttitchwaa ulli- 
nataly appointewl K*«ii^paiDtrr. Ildwtv-er, 
this virnlUTO did not meet with pcciiniaij- 
tucoew, and Macfarreti left the Queen's on 
being' appo in tod stagc-mnnn^rofthti Sarrey, 
ilu ahurwurda went to thi? Strand. Ue was 
a i[(.nd amatfiir draiighlanian and painter, 
a facully nluL-lt Etood him iu goud sicad iD 
d*»i^iiif; llifiitriiTul uri'ii^a. 

In IH^^ lie viaitvd Milan, where bis daugh- 
ter vrae 8tudrii>if i>inK'"P> ""<' therv wroti- 
itiflibrt^Moofanopprn, 'Caractariis.' During 
some years of his life Macfarren wna totally 
liliiid. but a year before bis duatli lie under- 
went an operation for cataract and recovei^d 
Ilia eight. 'Whiitt blind he derotMi himftclf 
large^ to liu'^ratun-. and hv firet aue^vied 
thefomatianoftEiellaoiIetSociely. Inl84l 
fa* became I'diiar and propriutor of thti'Miuti- 
Cal World.' Hm ditid niddimly on 24 April 
1613 in CantU' Street, liCJcoster Square. 

Macfarn-ii n]an-it<d,in Augurt 1806, KHxa- 
beth (A. -iO Jan. 17»3). daughter of .)nhn 
Jackson, a bookbinder, of Glasgow, who bad 
Mitled in London. Th^ir eldost Bon, Sir 
GfWiige Alexander Macfarreo, is noticed 
Mparately. 

The following an tliu litlM of liia clucf 
drama) )C vrarkH, Noh. 1 to 7 bet»gproduced 
at ihe Koyal Coburp TliBetre : 1 , * WinninR a 
Quaband, cumiKlii-ttu.iu two acts. written Tor 
ilr*. Barrvimin?, prdiiunil in IS19. '2. 'Cluy 
Favkee,* drama, iu I hree acta, 1 ii'22. S. ' Tom 
and Jpmr in Franc*,' comwlit'tla, in two act#, 
1833. 4." ' I-Mward thn Black IMnre,' higtori- 
caldTam*,intlirepacl«, I8^:{. &. 'George Til,' 
bifftorical drama, in three actit, 1824. ti. 'Tlio 
Iloratii and Curiatii,' hiatorical drams, in 
tbn)« act«, writtfti for the appearance of 
Booth ( IWJr.) nt the C'oburg. *. ' Sir Potw 
Pry.* K 'Malvina.' drama, with uuiiic by 
T. 3. Cooko, in lUimi act4, 1830. 9. 'Obe- 



ron,' romantie drama, in threft arts, \r^3&. 

10. 'Oil ULas,' drama, in three act^ IS27. 

1 1. ' Emblematical Tribute on the Marriaffo 
of the Quut-n,' 1(^40. l-J. ■ Don Quixote' (po»- 
thumciiiik), opera, iu two 8i?ts, IHltJ. Nut. S 
CO 12 produc<.'d at I>rury Lanti. 13. 'Aulil 
Itulnn Gray.' domi«l.ic dmmn, in thn^i) nct«, 
1^2^. U. • Th(> Talisman; drama, in three 
nrta. 1 838. IS. ' My Old Woman/.faroo. 1839. 
16. ' March nf TntVlWt,' farce, writu>n for 
the infant prodigy Burke, who acted, danced. 
sanK. and piavcdthc violin, ir^'^H. Noa. IS 
to lOnporhid'ilat ibelloynlSiirrey. 17. 'The 
Danish Wife,' drama, in three acta, produced 
atthoQuccnVThcntrc,!^^!. IS. 'Harlequin 
Koformi-r,' Christmas pantouliue, at tho 
Surrey, laSl. 19. 'InnoceiitSins,' comedietta, 
in two Bcle, at the Strand. 18;^. 20. ' Tliir 
Devil's Opnra,' two iirta \»^t G. A, .Macpak* 
bkn]. 21. 'The MntriiDoaial Ladder.' comic 
oprm,intwoac1ii,mu*icby Ambroi»i?Tbotna», 
ikii), pmduci^l HI the Lyct'um. 22. * I^in, 
Love, and AVar,' farce, produced at the Hay- 
market, 18SP. In aduition to tho«e pi«oeft 
Macfarrea wrote very loaiiy abort pocnf» 
which were set to music by E. J, Loder, 
O. A. and W. C MBcram.-ii, Henry Smart 
('Gat«lle '), andotbera. Tbere is a small oil 
portrait of Macfarren by H. Luj«uno, K.A., 
and aiiotht-r bv niivi;^>n, lifu mm, bitTat, 
which is in thn poeseuion of Mr. Wullnr 
Macfarren. 

[Anthflritit^a already gircD. and tafomiAtioa 
most kiudtr vupplitNl by Mr. Wattar Cocil Uae- 
^arrcc] ' B. H. L. 

MACFARREN, Sir OKORGE ALEX- 
ANDER (1813-18S7>, musical compoaer, 
bom at "2-1 ViWtDn Strfxjt, Strand, London^ 
on Shrore Tuesday, 2 Itlarrb IMH, wa« aon 
of Georgv Macfarren Tq. t.I InAuj^ist 1820 
he wa,"" s.-nr to Dr.Xichol«« * school at Ealing^, 
an establiblunent in which lin iaiherhad for 
manr ycurB tao^ht danciitg, and at whicb 
Cardinal Newman and ProfrK^orlluxIcywem 
miiicatad. As a Touth Macfarren was very 
dulicat^a^d in l^bewasremoTi^d from ibn 
achooHo onVr to hare hisayMisht (which was 
defective even in theae early atys) attended 
to by Mr. Alexander, the oculist. Shortly 
afWrwards lir w«nt lo n sclnkd at I<Nncing, 
whare he remained eighteen months. His 
fintt musical instraction he n>c>>ived bam his 
father, and in March 1827 be was placed 
under Charles Lucas [q. v.j, with whom be 
coutinu&d his studios until 16^, when be 
ettt«r«d the K^al Acad^iny of Muaic Manv 
years afterwaraa he wMte a nuemoir of hLs old 
master iu the 'Imperial Itictiouaij' of Bio- 
grajdiT.' At lh« HmviiI .Aradtniv hia router* 
vans Tbumaa Uaydon, 'William Iletuy 



Macfarren 



79 



Macfarrea 



IIoUd^s, For iHHiiofurti;, and Ci|>nuii I'uttiT 
far «imp>w<ition, aiid one Smithi^Ji for trom- 
boDv, «□ infttnitnvDt which bo undertook, in 
•eoovdanoc vith xhe .\eiiAtmy rulc8, us a ' 
aeeond Btudy. 

la September IS30 hu first important < 
onbMtnu work, a tymfboaj id C, Mnu pro- 
dooed at aa AcadeniT cxmctirt, and wka 
bllowml in Daooinbur 1831 bjr another in D 
minor. For tlie openinff of tliti Queen's 
Tbeatre in Tattenfaam Street, under hia 
fatiivr'i'nuuuigvinvnt ill 1831, Macfairvn wrote 
an oT«rtun^ in I>, and in Irta^ihf^mtiiii! toa 
Mee eatitled ' Tfa? Maid of Switaerland.' 
On SB Job* 18.1S aiKither oTortura by him 
was ^jred at the Havhl Academy two days 
after ita autltor had rvceired Uie bronxe medal 
tor eompwiti'in and improrement in piano- 
^yin^> On 17 July ui tbe Mme y«ar a 
'{tvod oTcrture' ttaa prodnc«d at Paganini'a 
eoaeaTt ai Urury Lauv Tlii-aln-. iiii'l 'in :!4 May 
1^1 an ' Iticanta!toii and Kllin ChnriLi ' were 
gtTVD for tlio Bi¥t timt.'. 

In It^Ai Macfarren inudii hi* first atti^mpt 
at dramatic oompoaition, writing' a large 
portion of an owra on tli» auUect of ' Ca- 
netaeua,' fi>r wbirh hix fatlier (umiabcd tbe 
libretto. This -n-nrk waa, however, never 
MriVinsed in public, the Mnsor of plays, 
T. J. Serte, condemning it on tlu> scon of 
btftorieal inaoeuracv. At ths first <^onc«rt 
•f n raeantly fufmt.-d socit>ty of Hritiah mui>i- 
ciaiu, 37 Oct. IBfil, a syinpltony tn !■' iiiiiiur 
by Macfarren was prodaeed (AtAnuBum, 
2 Nov. IS34), and a year latvr, a Nov., 
W. H. IToImft'iplaypil Maciarren'* pianofoTte 
eoooerto in C minor at one of the same 
aociety's OODMrta ; tbr orcrliirclo the * Mer- 
ebant of Venice ' al»o dates from thii) period 
(A. -^Cfct. llNi-J). In IMaO.VIacfiimrn wrote 
in n wncl^ night bia overture ' Chew Chase,' 
saapniudetoapLay l>y J.lt.PIancW. Thia 
wnrx waa the means of introducing Maefamn 
to oontinental aiidinnrt-A, nnd \leDd?laM>hn 
safaeegnfntiy produDed it at one of the Leipzig 
OvwandhauHCQUccTt* in IHIS. 

OnquittinjT the Rnyal Academy in iSHS, 
HwT**"*" became music teacher in a school in 
th* Ua of Man, but thi<r«> practically his sole 
•|i|KirtBnil)iM for obtnintnf^ niUKicnl practiM 
wwv oceastonal porf>iruianc>^9 in pnvaCe of 
Baeh'a orpin fuf^cs on the piano, tbe pedal 
puta bein^ played bv a retired naral oilt'CiT 
«u the eonlrabaas ! lie devrsted much of hi* 
■pant time, boweror, toc(]mpr>eition,and set 
to worli upon an om-nt, nillr-d nt. tint ' Oiu>n, 
th» Forlorn,' a title nftervrardii cban^l to 
• El Malechor,' whi>n the opera was enlnrjfed 
lo two aet»; for thtH also bis father wrote 
the libretto. ' El .Malechor' was a very ill- 
Cated wot^i itwaanccepted forpcrformoace 



by Bunn at Drury I.An« in 1S39, by Bamett 
at the St. Jamofl'a, and by Balfe nt th(^ ''•nfr* 
!i»Ii Ojjwra Houee in IWO, but as each of 
tlicBi! maiui^eri) be«flme bankrupt bcfora the 
work could be produced, it never obtained ft 
h<^arine, only one aong b«ing' at any time per- 
fonaeu in pubUe. 

In 1837 Macfarren resigned his post in 
the Isle of Man, and oompoeod a »n?weU 
overture for all the arallable orclkMtral r»> 
aouTcos of the island. Tbe pieca waa writton 
for eixteeu flutes, one clann«t.ODi<violoncello» 
and aonie ten or twelve violins— aii dilHi-iiIc 
an orehusCra to write for as oould well be 
imagiui^d. On nmchinE lx>ndoQ in I8S7 
JdacioiTen was apjK>int4^to a profeanorAhtp 
of liaruioDV Rud compoiition at the Koyal 
Academy of Mu.<iic, ond about the same time 
wrote the overture to " Itomeo ond JuUvi.' 
Tolhuycar 1838 belong the conception, com- 
positton, and prodtictiou <I3 Atiu.) wilhln 
a month of tho ' Devil's ()p(?ra,' one of Mac- 
farn-u's be^t dramutic works (cf. Uam-iIUK. 
Life, and Mnnitral World, \i\ ,\u^. I8;i.s. and 
Atfieniram, 18 Au^. 16S8). A jubilee per- 
formance of this work woe jnven at Taunton 
undt-r T. Dudeney in ISg^. I^ter in 183ft 
th>? first pnrt r»f Mr.W. Chappell's 'Collection 
of National Knglirth Air* . . . harmonifcd br 
W. Crotch, ff. A. .Macfarren, and J. A.Wadt'"* 
wu issued ; the whole of the musical part 
was GDI rusted to Mac&mn. 

On the occasion of the queen's marriago 
in 1840, the Macfarren». father and eoa, 
wrote an ' Hmblemntical Tribute* for I>rury 
Lane, and in the aami! vear Marfarren joined 
the council of tbe newly eatsbUshed Musical 
Antiquarian Society. For ihi* society he 
editea Purcell's ' Dido and .^oeas,' and 
several other works byold English composers, 
and also arranged a pianoforte aoore of Ihia 
opera and of the eame compoaeya * Botiduca.* 
Tbo farmi'T work, howevOT, woa subsequently 
disoovervd to have been edited from ineom- 
pletv maniucrints. 

In lrt44 thai llundel S'X'Ji-tv was founded 
bv Macfarren, in accordance with asugveotion 
of bU fatWr, who died a year esrlitrr. Of this 
iiociety Macf«rr<!ii wa* *VT»tary, and for it 
ho edited ' Belsbauar,' 'Judas MacralMiis,* 
and 'Jt>phtha;' it ceased in 184^, owing to 
wnnt of support. 

In .Tanuarv lB-i5 i^lacfarren became coq< 
diictor at CoTcnt Garden, where, under 
Laurent's nanofromvai, he pruducid the 
< .\ntigone' with SlendeUsohii'it mtuic; on 
Juni; his C sharp miour eympboay, which 
wiu comjioted Nome vvani previously and 
dedicated to Mtuidelssohn, was given bv the 
Philharmonic Society. In l(*4-'» Mncfamen 
completed an opera on the subject of ' Don 



* 



Qoixote' (bfrfcon in 1811), and it -tnt« pro- 
duced on 3 Fvb. ItU6 under Uiinn's manajre- 
m»ul bI l>rur>' Luie, witU a libnstto by tlie 
cliliT Macfarrvu. Slucfunvn hud ulre^wly 
miijM iIk- nci|uiiititniicn of Dr. I>«j, aiiO 
ftiaunclilv phnniiiioneil Day's system of h*r- 
nnjnv, nilri»ciiting ami k-acliinK it witlivnttfl 
wmlU of the Hoynl Academy. Mncfarren 
WW ccnftequently 'in\'it«d to ducuse ihu 
qucritioD ' of the «y«t«)ii'it orthodoxy before a 
boarJ vrbicli cotistatcd of hia ooUesgues at the 
Academy. After a tiVBly dlaciusion Mac- 
fumin nHi^'nvd liia iirofeAsorKhip and severed 
hiacoiinecliou witli I lie Academy ratfavr than 
abandon a theory which ho felt lo bo aoiud. 
lie wuK, howuvvr, ruiii^utu'd in 18*>1, and 
permilt<?J tci teaiih any sT'*t>->m he pleaded. 

lu i!^7. owing to cotitinufd faLluni of bin 
eTesi)^]il, .MacfiLrrrn viiiit'tl lut <K'uUHt in New 
York; but the reBulUi of ihe visit, which ex- 
ti-mii^iil to somij eigbtt^n mr.mth*, werw not 
RHtiiiractor)'. Iturmg his abi^encft hw irnrkwl 
mui:h at composition, and completed nn 
opera. ' Charltvi the Second,* with a libretto 
by Ueamond Ityaii ; it was produced at the 
Pnnccsa'a Theatro l»7 Oct. lf<49, E. J. Lodor 
conducting, and iuuuu^iat'.dy inuL with suo 
caw, b-'ing playiHl Jhmujiliout the ftroater 
part "f twi suasooB. In l^'iO ( Sundai/ Review, 
JAniiary Iftrtt*"} ihn itirmnafu 'Tin'!) Slftiper 
Awakened,' the lihrel.to written hv John 
Oxvnford, was perfdrnipd at Jlw Aluosty's 
Thftntn* (nntionnl concerts), Sim.i Ueev«« 
taking the partof Ahou Ilaeean. Macfarren's 
next wdrk of importanco was the opera, 
* Allan of Aberfeldy ' ( libreitoa^ain bv Oxen- 
ford), writt«n for Biiun, uannag^tT of ilrury 
Lane Thuuire in 1851, but, juttt as the ru- 
heartnU w^re about to b«^iii, JJutin a^ptin 
bt'camu hanlinipt, and the opvTtt was never 
prodiicpil. On '2'i .\pril IfiTiS tlift Hnnnonic 
Union ifave at Exet^'r Hall the first porform- 
ance of a cantata 'Lonora,' thu libr<^tto of 
which wfliiAn (irmnKnicnt by (fxenford of a 
(rcriuan ballade by Uiirger. Julius lleuedict 
conducted!, and the work waa repeated at the 
ttirniiiifrhain l-Vjitivitl undur Coita in IS^-'t. 
The following ytr witneaned lUo production 
of an overt un^io' Hamlet ' by ihurJewPhil- 
Larmimie SoL-iuty, a full aualvsls of which 
was tfivitn in tin- ijrojjrramme. Vor the Hrad- 
ford Fustival of IW" Madarrvn wrotw on*! 
of bi.fbe:i<t- works, the cantata ' May Day,' 
Costa coDdnciing. On May 1S60 a com- 
pnnitiitniimimilFtrfDrm.entitlLiI 'Chriatmas,' 
wan produced hy the London Muiiical Socii^ty 
undi^r Alfred Mellon. Five montha laterone 
of MAcfiirrf-n>(^vitost EUCc«WMi wtu achieved 
in the production of the opera ' Itobin Hood ' 
at Her MajpstyV Theatre. R T. Smith was 
the inauaifer, Cliarles Hall tliQ conductor, 



and SimA Reevea, Santtey, and Madame 
Leaimen£-.Sliernngton eaaa the principal 
partti. In his ' Lifu and Recollectioru ' Jb^evw 
writee tliat ' MuefarreiieomiKiK-d tbo princi- 
pal part in wliat in n»w n^vntiwd mt that 
master's bust opera, for myseSf.' The ' Mun- 
cal Wiirld ' of October 1;^ «peak& in fflow- 
iug lerma of thi* surptf-iMi of this work. It was 
during its cotnpusition, and probably owing 
to the ^reat strain put upon him by it, that 
MacliuTen'BeyBsighi oompleiely fnile'il : hence- 
forth hr> WAS compr.'lled to dictate all hiit com- 
position gniid litiTun' works to an amanuetuta. 

On the occasion of llim uiarrio^ of the 
Prince of Wales, Macfarren wrote on al1e> 
porieal ina«qu<.<, ' I-V-ya'a Gift,' to a libretto 
Dv Oxenforil, for thft Hoval English Ojwrra at 
Coi vnx. QanlL-n, where il wa^ performed on 
IQ Marrh IBlU), and in ni:tuh>'r nf the same 
year Qorman Heed pommiHAioned him to 
composr an opera At camera, the result hetn^ 
' Jpsav Lea,' whieh wa-< foHowt-d in I^tlM by 
a work on similar linens eul.it led 'TlieSoIdiiife 
Legacy ' (libretto by Oxenford). In the 
former work Madame iJdiili Wynne made her 
first public appearance as an opera sin^r. 

The year 1904 waa a very uusy one, CaTf 
in addition to the workjiist mentionrKl, Mh> 
furren wrote an opom toa libretto by Edwud 
Fitxhall, callfd ' She Stoopji lo Oonqiiw/ 
whirhwaflprndiiwd ntOrtventfrarden^RoyM 
EnttltshOpiTn), U Feb., Alfred Mellon ooBf 
ductinff; whilo another ^raud opera in four 
act*, •IlelTellyu' (libretto by Oxeuford), 
was produced at Oovent Garden. Mellon onoA 
more beiDg the I'nuductor: i\\v orcfaostm 
haing^ led by J. T. rarrodu.i, and Paniua am] 
Iiemmens-Shurrin^on sugtainini; principal 
parta. For*mni* timt? n.flitrthi» production of 
theao works Macfarr(>n remained eompAra- 
tively idle, tli*i nest compositions of impor- 
tance bein^ a wttinj^ of Christina RoMetti't 
'Son^ in a CoruUeld' for female voices. 
whirh Ije-ilie'g Oholr produced in 1868, and 
a cantata, 'Outward Bound' ^libretto by 
OT'-nford), written forthe Norwich Feali^ 

of tm. 

With the exception of ' Knnilwortli,' ao 
Opera wriltenahoni 1880 for Madame Albani, 
but iiever produei.'d, Macfarren th'-'ueefortb 
abandoned opera writiot^, and lii'vuti"! him^ 
Self to oratorio. lUs first work in thi* form 
wa!t'St,.IfthnthiiR!ii)li«t,'pr(iiliic'«doni'.'i(>ct. 
lS73atthe first Hristol Festival, rhr libi^'tto 
Ih-iu); compiled by Dr. E. (i. Monk. Thiscom- 
poHiiion was be^n in 1870. and was to hare 
beentnT6nattheGlouee«terFetitival in 1871, 
but.owinfrtosomemisundeTstAndinft.Santley 
retired, and the compoaw withdrew his \vurk. 
So pronounced was its snec^ea, how.-vi-r, in 
lb73, that Macfarren immoliately received 



commmioiu to write iwo more works of a 
umilAr ctoAs: one, tltft ' BmiutMI ion/ Wft* 
{woducwl al tlioBirmiBghuaFtt«livalmt876, 
»nd mrl witti n T«rv entliutiaatic reception 
(Jfiwi/A/y .Vi«im/ 'Jteconi, 1 Ocl. 1876), 
thou||b it luM b«:**n nintly iKTforniKil ninii! ; 
the aOif't, * Jos^h,' vm given at the I<<?edfl 
FestiTal 21 Sept. 1»77. • Joseph,* if of ncn- 
dcmir Ydtue, vmn c^nninlj not n popular 
aneeen. Cooce&uoDs were nude to the popu- 
lar ta>t« far the ' introduction of two con* 
timlto soni^i\l>ropotiof nothint;; butforclici 
TMl, it » niuvu that the [tublic (vill Und the 
«tirk dry, if not pod&ntic ' {MontAfy Mu4. 
Jbv. OctulM'rl877,p. 1&5>. Iti»p(M«blothst 
ih« want of Auccciu wiu due to tb« bftdneaa 
of tbe libretto. Both tbeee wurka were coa- 
ductwdby thecoinpo*i'T'»biT)tliiir,W. C Sfao 
fturen. Tliey were ouicIilT fnlIowe<l by n 
euil«t«, 'The 1^5 of thv Luke,' whicli wax 
writTm for voA prodaced «t the opening of 
tli9 UUfgow Town-hall, lA Not, )(S77. 

In Febnuuy ll^o, on tbe dcAlh of Sir 
WQliuD 8t«mdal« Bciuictt [a. r. J, Macfarreu 
wftK eWled nrincipul of the Itoyal Academy 
of Music, auu in )Un:h, prufeSBorof muaicat 
Cambridfiv Uoivrriiilv- I" April tite degree 
of Miu. l>oc., henorit catud, was conferred 
■pOB him at Cambridge, an vxftmplA which 
VU fliUow(>d in 1^7'! l)v the aniver»ily of 
Oxford, and in IS'*/ by l>iiblin Univewity. 
In I«7H hf wa* alao crpat*d M.A. bv Ofttn- 
brid^anduil883kni2htlioud wiuuAered to 
hini, and wmjL, afler much hesitation, accepted. 

lo NovombfT and Dentmber \f^2 \w ooai' 
WM«i tliv niuaU' fmr tU" performancea of 
Bo|du>rIra's ' Ajax ' in Greek at Cambridgv, 
Sonfurd directinff (.Viu. Timt*, 1 Jan. 
1883>. In \S^ MAcfam>n wroi4> h\a fourth 
oratoric. * Kina David," whioh was pi-rformi-d 
at the Lci-il* Fi'^tival in Oiober iindcr Sir 
Arthur Sullivan. ' lu reception was tno$t 
eordial, ihia ivaiUt beinx; do doubt aidvd by m 
Tttj fine purfurmanci' fJA. November 18ti3, 
p. 606). Fur t liH i>|irnin^ of the Internationa) 
and rniTtrsal Kxhibition at tha CrysUl 
P«I*Cf, Ajnil 1 r<Hl, Murfiimin wrote hia • St. 
Gtftrp-'it I> Ihum,' wln-n it wan pnrformed 
Inr the Ilandvl Festival orchestra under Mr. 
luana. A curioua i«atun!i of tho [icrfi>rni> 
<BCB VM the uw auidc of the banda of the 
Oi«nadi»r and Scots Ouards. in addition to 
the ordinary orchestra: and the intn>duc- 
tion of the National Jlymne of a number of 
European countrka lent the work a peculiar 
sppropriateDeee. From this date Maefiurca 
dvvot«d moft of hi» tim*' to hia dutiea at 
Cunbridffe and at the Koyal ilcademy of 
Moaic, and though he wiY>t« some mtisic 
(■onoUu (or violin and piAno in A and C; a 
tiaao aooaU ia U minor ; six other eimilar 

TOL. XIXT. 



works, and a (iiiartot in Q minor for strings, 
most of which am Mill in mjinu»<rript ), none 
of it wiu! in tho opctnitic or nrnlorio form. 
Ail«r aomo monlhi^ of failing health, be died 
AUiddenly on .11 Oct. 1KA7, at hi» houa«, 
7 TInmillon Turrace, London. A requisition 
for hia burial in Wcrttminater Abbey waara- 
fttsed, but a memorial servicn fvik plac^ in 
the abbey aftt-r the funeral at Hiim]>>ti.<ad 
eam«terv onS Nov. (■Sunday /J^ttVjr, Janiuuy 
1688). Jtlacfarreji married, on 27Sep<. 1(:M4, 
Claruui Thalia Andnw, a native ni T.iiheck, at 
Marylebone Church. Madame Mncfarrvii 
made her d^nt on the stage, in th? pan of 
tlio pogu in her huaband'e opRm, 'Charles 
the Second," 27 (Vl- li^9. 

As principal of ihp Roynl Academy of 
Mufiic, Mncfnnvn introduced tuuuy iiuw 
cuHtomii: h« founded the fortnightly meeting* 
of the pn>ff»sor9, which, howover, now have 
'Timialiv bwn merged in the nieetinp. of 
tbe 1L.A..M. club, since o«tabli<>h(.-d ' (li/e of 
MarfarifN, 1882, p. 347). lit- al*«» gnvn an 
addrvM at thu buguming of each academical 
year at the Academy, and duriu); bis lift^'time 
dulivercd an immense number of Wtun-8 on 
almost every oonceivable miuicnl eubjecl at 
C'ambridre, London, (Royal Institution 18H7; 
Cilv of London Institute lt*tW-a7-'^70), 
anil olsowhere. His talents wi-re of a very 
high order, and he hod nil c.Mniordinary 
capacity for work, and an indomituith-coiirug'o 
iu fucitigthemiitfortuue of blindness; hut he 
wns not a geniu*, and hi* wnrku, wtptw. inll y 
choM in the larger forms, lack genuine in- 
Rpiruiion. They areconsummale masterpitwes 
of ingenuity and of teaming ; they are admir- 
ably oonMriict>.<d ; (hey ore the reaultg of 
ineeeaant lal>our, and the natural outcome of 
an intellect trained to the uUau«t pilch of 
mccluinical Kkill, bnt tbey be«r the »tamp i}{ 
artificiulity (cf. MuMcal Tiirtee. December 
1H.'<7_1. As a composer he wscrciwd lilllv 
influcnoj oviT his cuntempornrtes, and none 
ovor hi* succeaaors. 

As a writer of theorettcAl workfl Mai fsrren 
will iHjn.''ibly Ik* known lo poeterilj after hia 
eompoKitinns hare been forgotten ; but these, 
ton, suSer by their dogmatical and one-sided 
time. His Icctiin-* and his text-book of 
counterpoint will nlwaytt be of intcrcsr, at. 
least as a landmark in contemporar}' musical 
historv. 

]tc»'id«9 the oircbe«tral and vocal compo- 
sitions already enuineraled, be coin]i»<M>d : 
1. QuarteUlbiatri&g»,in A, 1&13: (i minor, 
18r>3 : (i,manu«cript. 3878. 2. Qumtet for 
piano andstrings.iuG minor, 1&4-I. S. Violin 
Concerto in O minor, written for Strauss, and 
produced at a Philharmonic concert in lfr73. 
4. Symphonies in D, Ib&S; and £ minor, 1674, 

a 



for orchestra. 6. Pianoforte SooKtu Ja R flat 
und A, 184^. ti. Trio in E auuor, lur piiiiio 
and btriiiffs, IBrlS. 7. AnKiema, church ser- 
vioua, anu BuVL'ralhundrodxofson^, liallAds, 
uieet (Sbakuapmtni'N i>nn|^ fur fcinr volfitx, 
1680-4); six conriviRl pleM fnr three voires, 
1836 ; purt sunge to words hv Cbnrli» Iviugv 
ley, laui. 

Macfarro n's chief contributions to iLs lite- 
raturc oftiiuaic (LTo: 1. ' Uudimenta of lla^ 
luoiiv. wiiti Pfocrruesivti Exorcises,' LoriIod, 
18tid: Etilli ed. ItW7. 'J. 'Hix J^eturwi ou 
Hnnnmiy.dsliver^ uT ihu l^yal Institution,' 
Loiidou,"8vo. 1807; ^ud cd. l;*""-. 3ni «!. 
!88a. 3. 'On the Stnirture of n Sonata,' 
London, 1^71. 4. 'Kij^'lity MtislcaL Scu- 
tenoes,' writli^nin 1Bi;7, but limt ;mbtUli(Hlin 
187S. C. ■Counterpoint, a Pructical Coiii^io 
orfiliidy,* I^ndon, 4to, Irt79; Jlrd ed. 1&81 ; 
Runihor in If^B/i, fi, 'MumcaI HiMon'hriefly 
nnrmted nnd teclinically diiciu»ed,'on^aalLy 
piibli.dned under the heading; ' Mtuic ' in the 
' ICucvclop^i-dift Kritantiica,' Hth «d., but r>- 
iMueu in Itook form with the addition, of ' A 
Roll of tliu Nniuct! uf MiL»it-iiLus, und the 
TiuKTit mill jilaci-jtof tli>"ir Jllrlli.iiiudUektha,' 
Edinbur;rb, IS>*'>. 7. ' Addrpsst« and Leo 
tiin-)",' Lnndotir lf<S8, -writh portrait. He alw) 
prupared hingrajihical notintw of mtiAirian!* 
for the 'Imperial Diet, of Biog. ;' Boalygps 
of worliR hy tho irwpit cf)inp{>*i'r»; nnrilytical 
prci|inunin(.>6 for th« I'bllhfirmouic Society, 
186^-80; and for tho Sacrt-d Harmonic So- 
ciety, the JJirmin^bum Ki.\>tl vaK&c. Tlit- fol- 
lowing ponmitfi of Macfarren nsistt 1. Lift*- 
s'i»i kitcat, by Mr«. (toodmun, hi t'im posses- 
aion of Mr. W. O. Maclarren. 2. Lift-xi3;»i 
thrM.M|narl(.<r lunj^h hy Cyrua Johnjon, ill 
tbc»inui!Dt9>ionof LlinHrtiitt ; t)iiHwiiiiitxbibiti.id 
nt the flrosvcnor Oollprr in \/^7, and at the 
Victorian Exliibilion 1^92. 3. .V bna-roliof 
plaque by Mrs. II<>nry Ifrtlmo-s in ih« pos- 
i-esiion oi tho Koyal Academy of Mode. 

[A Lita of Qeotse Alomidor Marfarwn, hj 
U. C. Banialer, wtm published vr'nb pirlrait ia 
Jnnuary ism : 2nd td. (onaltcred), 1892. See 
aU:) authoritir* ID llio lost : AthMiwiLtii. 2 Nor. 
1834; Mus. World, now iwriw, Xo. 38. 10 Auir. 
1H3S, p.SA-^, yo.Vi, ISOeU l<38.pp. 101,183. 
213, 18l«, p, 2IC; Miisi<n] BMoid. DMwmbn 
IftSr. p. 372 i ItfuBieal TioiM. I>oeambor 1$87. 

&il3: ArfcocT. January 18SS: tirovc*s Did. of 
uiii-, and inilfix XO aamn. 1'hv writor hiui u!so 
(V iluiik ibo compowra bnther, Ur. W. C. 
Sloelknva, fbr rarefal Talwtblo sigratioiia, for 
■utlienticattng aamadntei, and aboRic infonna* 
lina trom tamilj itoords not oUmtwIw obutis- 
abla.] R. H. L. 

MACFIRBIS. DUALD (1586-1070>. 
lrUhhis;o^iall.wTOl«^hi»IUlmle in Irwh I>ubh- 
oltach MacFirbUiaigh, and in Eoglisb l«tl«a 



Dudley FerWaie l6Var«i«/ojii1f&68,fol. 60A). 
It was lutintDod Firbisaitu by O'Flofaerty 
(p^r^Mf, p. ai9),from which Charlea U'Cooor 
iOffTfffia Vitidieala, p. tx) conMruciMl iho 
lonii HiiiliT which Iw" w noir gMiiorolly known 
in Eng-lisli bonkii (O'0rK«r,i>rturM, i. I^; 
Hessbmi. OironicuM Scftorain, p. i ). Hia 
tiamtiv were the hereditary hieiorians of 
O'Dubhda, and ths tii&U);imtiuu of that 
cliiof was performed by ftfiacFirhia rai^in^ a 
wand above his head and praaounciug hi.t 
uaui^. The chief members of the family, 
known uh hun?dilary historians, are: Uilli I>a 
Mor MucFirbie {J. ll'79).fjt;au MacI loncliadh 
MacFirbU (rf. latiL'), -VmhUibh .^lacFirbia 
id. 13W), FcarbLwacii MacFirbis (d. 1379), 
uud Hi>nndi»dh MiirFirl)!:. (d. 137ti>. (Hh^r 
nu>rabers of hi.i family of Iiistorical note are: 
l>umhnachMacFirbis,whowr<>tv at l.ackui. 
co,SUeo, in 1300 'Leabhar tiiidh I/peain' 
(now XI. 2, 1«, library of Trinity CoIIpto, 
Dublin), a collection of hiKtortral and «c«]tr- 
siostical piocet tit proec aad wne, an account 
of the oontenta of which ia given in tl'Curry'a 
' Luctuius on the MS. Matarinia uf IrUh llia- 
torv,' p. 191; and Oiolla Iiisa Mnr Miu-Fir- 
bhui^E, who wrote at Lackan in 1416 'L«a- 
bbnr Ijticnin,' a mnniiw^ript of eix hiindivd 
papP9, of flmoll fnlio aiee, containing a (creat 
variety of hiittory and fteotaXogy, now in tho 
library of lh« Royal Irish Academy. 

l^uald was the eld««t of the four eons 
of Oiolln losa Mar Macrirbhisifrh, tfao tlurd 
son of Dubluiltuch, who wrotv a 'Leabhar 
(iabhala,' and wna born in l-Wfi in the newly 
built fsfitlu of Lackan. Wta father was u 
rtcholnr (if Homn duititictioi), and went him 
tn Btudr litemture, hijitory, and Brehoo la< 
under tlio famous legal family •>( MacAndl 
again in Ormonrl.co. 1'ipp^rari". Besidce Irish 
learning he acfpiirudLul in. EoKli^h, and sone 
Otfck. When his education was finished hm 
returned to Tireiagh, co. Sligo, and lived 
there till the deatli of hia father, the final 
di^MNoamon of O'Dubhda and ruin of Ibo 
Iriah interest in that district in IW" 
he migrated to Galway. He thctu 
acnuai»l«d witli Kiul^ric U'F'laherty [q. i 
ana Dr. John Lynch 'a. r.], both of wno 
speak gratefully of receiving instruction 
Triali hMtorv from him. IIu rojitfd ihtmt t 
mcntfl of Imh annali {J}7 1 -910) for Dr. Ly 
in 164-^ from a vellum maaumrript of GiolL 
na naomh MocAedliagain — pnntiHl in t 
Tolome of the Irish Archaeoloaical Society 
forl860. Uis transcript wo^editi'^i by John 
O'Donovan. For five years he was en^e^ 
on a grrat treallso on Irish genealogy, which 
he finished in 1060, and calk-d * Craobhft 
coiblineasa acras geuga geneluij^h gachagabh* 
■da dar ghabli £i« ' (< Thu Branchos of Ki»si 




MacFirbis 



83 



MacFIynn 



divd nn'l <hinen]r>gHcttI liougbs of erery 
Planlalvin t>r Ireland'). The original mftmi- 
Bcxivt 16 in ibfl collM^tioD of llifl 1^1 of 
' Mca^nt, and thfTn i» n c<>py, madu iu 183U 
I by Euprne O'CttiTT, in tiie librnrv of tlia 
Ko^al Irifib Academy, Dublin, 'tlio Iviok 
five* nn itc<-otinl of all llie exiating Irish 
elan». of their saints and iaaga, as wvll oa 
of the mytbical Tuaiha de Danaan and Fir- 
bolp. who werv believed to have preceded 
the (jAedh«l in Ireland. In tho samo year 
',%& vtMc two poum.1 on ' O'S-'OcIinasaigli of 
■ Oort • (O'CVKBt, Leetttftf, y. 1J3). In llVw 
Sir Janirs Ware [^(j, v.] broujfhl MacFirbis 
CO Dublin to do litvrary work fo^r liim, and 
hr cnntinunl Iu rmnilnle and lrAnacri)><> 
Iruh manoscripis till Ware's de«tU in Do 
«»m>i«r IfliW. rt^ th<'n left Cofil-* Strocl, 
Dtildin. mttimed to Ijickan, and lived, as eo 
msnr Irish frratlemen th^ii did, as a poor 
landlMA sojourner in a colln^ on the former 
•Mate of bis fautiir. i\ ucb of what be wrote 
in Ware's house lias since disapiwvjed, 1^(11 
tbtfTB rpninin Iruuslntions (l)of llio 'Annals 
of lUler' (in British Miueom); {^) of tho 
* Annals of Inififaltan;' (3) of 'Amials' 
frtini UW i.> l.ii;8(print.>dl)v Irisli Archieo- 
lo^icnl Societr, 1M«, editecf by J. O'Douo- 
Tanl ; (4) of the ' H*si»f ry of ClniiiziariioiH! ' 
(in Rrimh >fuwum, printed by Kilkenny 
Arehsolo^coJ Society, 1867). These are 
bU in Kn^lisfa, with oecuioual brief notes in 
Iriah QXplaiainR the uanslntioo. Thus to 
cite statcineDt ' Dcrrool the second of Moy- 
luK died,' bo adds the word ' latuii»ie,' io 
ax^ointfaat this Uiimiot was the heir and 
not the sacceatar. At the mmv period ho 
"wrote* An .Vccount iif K»<inrt Irisli Bishop- 
lifk** and 'A List of Irish liishop.?,' both in 
English (holo|n^ph maauscript>! in Drittsb 
Muvum, CUnrndon Ol^J. In Iri^b hn wrote 
d uriiik' the some period, in 1050, an ujilinis-bed 
comiKMitioR, ' Lghdsir na li-Ercnd' ('T)ii} 
Aataor«af Erin, with an Avcouut of ibuir 
Authnnhip and thdr Fst^ntily'). The ma- 
anaeript is in tho Bodleian Library (Kaw- 
lioaon 4H)). Tbn nutboro am liiose who 
trent of •S«nc]iaa' (histnrr), * DUgh' (Uw), 
' Li»)tl)aia' (physic), with the aoedana or 
poet*, hut Iht: oo^otint dot-Jt not ^t be^-ond 
tbOM mythical aulhnrs whom every Irish 
literary man knew by nami>, and ends with 
Xaentc twe Brctliarh, wbiwo drath is c^m- 
pnt*dt'> have tnken place I wocenturie* before 
the Christian era. In 1666 he prepared on 
mbri'lgud vdiiioQ of his (Knealoifienl treatise. 
It was probably in ibis period tbat be tran- 
Kribed t bo Iriali chroniclu knuwn as ' Chroni- 
cum Swrtorutn,' edited bv W. M. Hi-nnessy 
in the Rolls Series in ]ci06. The dale of a 
ooUictian of gloasaiiea in his hand, in the 



librarj- offrimiv Colleae, Uublia (11.3,15), 
is not known. It includeacopiasnf Oormao's 
•(HiwAory' [sea Cobmac, 836008] and of 
O'Da^iirHn's. In 1U70 hn lM>^nii « journ^T to 
rhiblin. It was probably t^ t>e performed on 
foot, nnd his Deputation its a Uuimijd man 
wonld oppn everv Irish door on the way to 
him. One evenutf^ he rested in a small shop 
in Dunfiiu,po.Sligo. A Mr.Oroft<in came into 
the sb'jp dubbed with drink, and atn^mjiicd 
to kiss the girl in charge. Sin- tried to stop 
him bysayin^f that tlio old ^ntk-man in ibu 
next rooni would sw biui, wbou hv took a 
knife which Inv on Ihn counter, onil nishing 
uti to MuclMrtiis stabbed bim to the heart. 
MiirKirbis wax n tnll inun, ivitli hrown hair, 
of diirnified aiipert. He was the last of the 
berwlilaryefiinarhiesnf Ir><Und,8nd ininodt>- 
r«t« prospfritv nnd extreme adversitv, in 
yoiitli, and till old age, was constaDtlv de- 
voted to the prcMrn-ntion of Irish litera- 
ture and history, Ho wrote a cluar Irish 
hand, with larj^, well-formed letters, not oU 
joined toKi'ther, slightly ■lopiui:, and looking 
(IS if rapidly written. Hi» I'liigllsli hand is 
also clear, with now and then a n>minis- 
c*nce of the Irish cliarncler in tin' Inttera. 

[Clan^tiddD M8, US, Uric. Mns.; O'Donoran'a 
Thrfic Frapnenta of Annuls, 1880; Trib« and 
CusteniK of Hy Fioctirach. 1814: Anunls of 
In^tand. Ifl-IG (Irish Arrhsolojfi<q] ^oriety); 
O'Currys hecloxttt on 518. JUatvrials of AiiciHtit 
Irish History, 1873: IV. M. Hvanese^'e Chro- 
nicum Scotoram (Italls S*r.), IMlifi; O'KUIn.TtT's 
Ogj'Kia, tioodon. 16&fi ; OTlalicrty's Oer^ta Vin- 
dicata, ed. C. O'Cooor, 1773: 5- Lyndi's Cam- 
bivDsIs Ererms (Celtic Soci«cy}. lOAU; Annala 
Ri-j^hocbta EiroauD, ed. J. O'DoDOTan. Dul>lin, 
1851.1 K- M- 

MACFLYNN, FLOlIENCEorFLANN 
(d. \'i7tfi), iLrclibish'jp of Tunm. also called 
FlACHA O'Flts, wait chitninllor of Tuam 
and sub-deacon ta the nope wht>n \w was 
elected archbisbopaboiU Alay l'2orl>; the royal 
aftji^nt WA-H fdv^n on '27 May, nnd tteisin wa.<( 
(Tranted on ^25 July, but MacFIynn appi>ars to 
have bad to if;Q to liomi-. and he was not con- 
secrated till 25 Dec. liJW. In tht; foUowina; 
year, like bin predecessors, he endesToured 
to obtain po««c»>ion of ihe oce of Ennacb- 
duQO or AnosRhduwu in 'jaiwuv : bis oppo- 
nent, Concord, was at first snpported by the 
king. but MacFlvnnovontuallyublainiMlcon- 
linnntion {.SwhetmaX, t. 31.11, li. t**4>. He 
helJasynodatTuaminliiol. Hisepi-'^copalo 
was mnrked Ly some quarrels with Thomas, 
tbrt biahnp-ebTt of Achonry tn 1251. nnd 
Thomas, bishop of Clonmncunis" in li'tVl {ib. 
\. SI06, ii. 456). In 1256 \e made a jonmcy 
to England to lay a vtatemcnt of grievances 
before the kin^on behalf of the Irish cburefa : 



* 



: 



M'GauIcy 



namelvi tlmt tli« blMliop* and tli^ir tenants 
Wfre drngt^M inio iha court contrary to ttiu 
aocieni libortitis of iKu chiiri.'lia§, iinni t]j»t 
they were opi>ri?i*9P(! hy thft flhwiffs and tlia 
barons, llonry ordered such re<nieily n.» 
tended to the welfaru of the church to be 
applied {id. ii. 'ItiO). Thti'Aimalti of th? 
Four Mntiters' says thnt MacFlyDti Hieli re- 
tuniL-d burnt'. In 1250 bi- stitui^ lo hiive made 
% fru»b jourimy I.ii Kiip;lanJ abiiut May, to 

Eipnt afnrtta-rpetilionon lbi.^«amiM]iiLtli.>r 
ii. &U3), but (li«<l OH the wtLv ut Bmto). 
vn In «Wt n siirrftisor wiu> iiaued on 
20J\fati(iA. iL rKJ"). MacI'lynn la duBcriboJ 
aa * man of wi^rlom and Ivurnin}^, with a 
knowli'dj;!' of law, 

[Four MjwttTs. iii. 341, 363. 3ll5. *d. O'Dono- 
T»ti; Annul, uf Iak^Ii Ce, i. 3BJ. 107.4U'J (Kolls 
Ber.); SweeiiLinn'stSil, IlaL-unii*iit!i. Irfllmid, Ti>l8. 
1. iiud ii.i Wttru'sWorkfiocilroUnd. i. 8ai-6. od. 
U«m»; Cotton's IVti KmI, Hib. iv. 6, 19. 42 ; 
Btuktt's Catliolic Arctibishopa of Tuitm, pp. 24- 
ea.) C. L. K. 

M'GATJLEY, JAMES -WTLTJAM (d. 
1807 IrWat prorv:>«^)r ol' natural pbilosopliy to 
tlie \iotini of nntioual Mucation in Ireland 
from 1^6 to IH^G. liu up|Njare lo Lavo thva 
gon'? to Ciinnda till flbout IMOB, -when be 
settled in Enffland. Hl- b<jc4iiuo a. mumbur uf 
the council "tlbc III vwitors' Instil utf (of I.<m- 
don), and tniiic an active part in the DSt'Ciiiiic 
oomtaittee of ihitt bi.Hlv, and wh* one of tliv 
editors as wpllasacnmributor to their orflsn, 
the'Sciuntitii; lU'vii-w." At (h«tiinMtif his 
death, on 2^ Oct. ifGl, bn was also mana^'ng 
director to the Invetitore' Patentright Asso- 
ciation. 

M'Ciaul<'y'a principal works were: 1. 'I-f-c- 
turea on Nntiirnl I'hilosopliv/ fivo, Dnhlin. 
1840: 3rd edit. 1S51. 2. ' 'the Etementa of 
Arcbittict lire,' ititno, Dnbltn, imn. 3. 'A 
Key to the Treat i.fO on Aritlnuetio . . . used 
in the Irinh National Schools,' ttimo, Dublin, 
18B^. 4. 'A Tn-atiMi on Algebra,' Kjiuo, 
Dublin, \i^'ii. II" ahn wrote papers on 
• Natural Philosophy and Chemistry,' which 
appeared in ibv * H«tK<r[ii of the Hrili.ih 
AMtociation.' tbi* ' l'hiln?ophical Mapiiinn,' 
Ihe 'Chomical NewK.' and the 'ScivutiHc 
Revi<Mtr,* betwwn 18.% and IHl?. 

(0«nt. M«g. 18(17. pt, ii. p. h'2fl ; Alb^nwym, 
26 Ocf . 18«. : Scitut ifio H«v ii-w . Nori-nibor 1 86 J ; 
Bri L Maa. Cat. ; Boy. Soc. Liac of Scion t. PaMn.l 

B. B. W. 

M-GAVIN. WILLIAM (1"»-1832), 
CQntroTC7»ia]i»t, boni on ^5 Aujf. 1773 at 
Darntaw, in the parish of Anchinlcck, Ayi^ 
aliin'.iirastliirdfouofJami'x >!'<.'» vin, farmer, 
by Marr M'Mill&n, a farmer's ctaiut;ht<>r of 
Mutr^Kirk, in tht.- euntc «hini. The farm of 
l)am!a-n- was tlicpmpertyoT James Boan-cll, 



Johnaon'a biographer. IteroRtt recnivin^ ai 
fvw weeks' itutmctian at tbe villagH school, 
hL> witA entirely self-edncated. In 178."i hi* 
fiLtbur runuvvd to Paisley, imd in l/Sft ^^■il- 
liam was bound appn-iitica to a weaver, 
but in 1700 he enterwl iho service of .lohn 
Xi'ilnon [i|. v.], a well-bnown Paisley printer 
and hnnkdoller. Dnrinfi; thi> thnte yeara that 
he remained there be carefully studied Kn^- 
liah ffnmmnr nnd compMilion, and nh- 
tain«u some Imowledgu of science. In 1793 
ho went to assist his elder brolher in lh« 
manft^-TiK-ul o( a schoul, o( whit^h hi< Kr>un 
oblaiiifd the sole char^fc. About 17911 bo 
CO mmenceda small thre^ biisiocssat J'ai*.lt>y, 
but wiiH iLusucccMfuU lu JQuuaiy 1799 he 
wft!» t-ngiijie-d as bookkeBjjfr Ui [Invtd Lamb, 
an American cotton merchant in Cflaagav, 
to whom; twn ■inw In.' ut I h«' wmi" tira« octeA 
0.1 tutor. In ISOS, on Lamb's removal to 
America, lbs whoI« manu^ment of the 
bufiineas devolved wpnn bim,tind on the death 
of the father lie entered in 1813 int« part- 
nership with the aon. 

M'Oavin belonged Co th4; antiburgber 
mnnion, and waa a member of the oo' ^, 
gation uf the Kl'v. Jami» Itamaay, whom be 
joined about IWK), anJ «ub*i^(]uently asai^U-d 
ig form an indeuendent or ccmgro^ational 
church, ficcoxifiniilh- pn-iichlng for him. In 
April 1804 lie was re^nlarly ordained Kom' 
say'a co-poslar. lie withdraw frnm the pna- 
tnnjte in 180", and afterwards became an 
itinerant preacher and an active direelor of 
the ii"arioti» benevolent and rcliKioussociitiea 
at (ilasgow, His business proving unpmtlt- 
able, M'Garin was induced to nnderlake in 
l>'i!:tthe(i]aegowaci-iicv ofihv DrittMh IJnt-n 
Company's bank, lleuit-don 1^ Auf(. I?*fl2. 
A monumunl to bid memory was vrt'ctt-d in 
tlttints:ropidi*of (lljugowandat AuchinWk. 
On 7 Oct. 1S05 be married laabella Cam^Kll 
uf PniHlrv. 

M'Gavm vms a geniiinf* philanlhmpinf, 
<|uicli-t«mi)ered, but warm-hearted and open- 
handed. I*ronilHl8toIft'22hecontnbiitfd(o 
ihtt' GljisjrowChronicle'aseritaof letturnou 
thti principal points of controversy bi'twv«a 
tlie Itoman anil rf-fnrmed churcht-a uudur tbs 
p-niTal tilleof 'The I'roteataot.' Willia 
Kiwebiu* .Androwfl fq. v/l forthwith started 
wtfekly pai>er, culled •"The Catholic Vindi 
nntor.'in ivpiy to'TheProteslant,'bul aban- 
doned it after a year. Whvti itwued in book 
form ' Tho Protestant ' formed four larne Svo 
volumea, and pa«sed through eix editions. 
Some slalemonts contained in it relative to 
th« huildinir of a Itoman catholic chapel in 
(rtaapjw led to an action for Hb«rl at the in- 
stance of the officiating priest in April 1821, 
which rosullcd in a verdict of 100/. dama^ev 








McGcc 



ss 



McGee 



iMiDf; rrtunted af[»ia«t M*Gftnii. A pabUc 
rabw-Tiiitiou in liu favour pruduoL-d VOtU. 

M'1i«riu wfol« alao in the '(ilus^w 
Clir>nick'* ivfiirnl ions oi' the priiicipli.>o uf 
Kobert Owtfn uf I^innrk (Ir4^:(», nnil uf itu) 
Tiews pronulgnted hy William Cobbett in 
hisdiK-rvditablv 'Hiniorj oftliu rrotottlant 
Befennation ' (INi'.'ii, btith Mries of leiurti 
l)eui(; tfVer«-ards publii>b«(t Beparately. lie 
look pan in tUi- A|i>>crTpba cotitrovony of 
ISi^. Id ItS^'O bf puUubed an edition of 
Knox's 'Ui.ttory of tli« itet'ormation,' and 
•tib«c(]a(!atJr defcndtM) tho views cxprcMRd 
lh«i m ibe *Cbri«tttU Homld' (1MJ7-9I, 
nndcr llu' title of 'Church Ritabiishtnctits 
CDiieidirrKl. iu a HcriH of Lctlvra tu u CWl'- 
nanii-r'^rviiunn-cl tn iSvii). Ilt■!l^|«•^ipt^^Il^ll^(l 
BntKlitiDnof Jolm Hoivi^'s * Bitwrapliia fico- 
t icsnrt ' iu 18^7 (ollH*r *^litions, l8»3-4, IMQ, 
16S4), and wrote an iiitmilucmry vjsmv In 
Jobn Brown of Whilbiira's'.Mt-niorinUol' the 
2(onoonfomii5t Ministmof ttiv 8>nvncc^'ntli 
CioDIury' (1^-). b«si<lv« mitnergUfi tmcts 
Bad buolo lor the young. His postbiimoua 
^arorks with a luvmoir, woro iicued in two 
wnluiufA ill 1S34. 

[{yj. William Itcid at E.linbKrRh'ii The Mct- 
rbanl Kvtmf^list. Ism : Meinuir prafixMl to 
Si'Oni'iii's [\iB'humuii% Work'i; Aud«nnii'a •'fcot- 
tkh Katioa ; Wsti'ii Bibl. Brit.} O. Q. 

McGEB. THOMAS D'ARCY (\»2^ 

ISfiBi, Tri^h-Oan&diftn #tnt">nian and poi't, 
bom of an L'UttT family at Carlingford, co. 
IjtMth, nn V.i April !«):;•), wait tiocoud aon of 
Jam*^3 >IeOn>, a ooatti^uard. Wa motbvr'a 
latbrf, H [lublin bookseller n&mc-tl Morjian, 
Iml siiir«n^ iiiipri;c>um>'tit and tinuiit^ial ruin 
owinK to hill ii)niifs;iioii with ihu I'nilKd 
Irifihmni. In IS-'Uhi^ father obtained an ap- 
|Win1ni«Rl in fho custom-houMi lit WVxfunJ, 
■ndTlwaiasattAnili^aday-Achoolthere. He 
■bow«d an aptilude for Mudy and a natural 
(rift itt etoqiK'iiM. In I ^4'i W ♦mifrraH'il to 
AjD^rica. After a brinf »iay al I'ruvidonce, 
Ithudt- Isluii), he rvacbed Iloston in Juuc, 
■tiil«nter»]theuflicuori]Mi'R<j»Lon I'ilot'os 
M clerk I IlrFKT, Four Vrar* uflruA Uixtory. 
m. lA-'JO). Ik-fore lon^ be bM^rae cditorof 
Ihe »'.>wr[)aper. Itvporu of bi» aclivily \.a 
tie Irish political movetnenta in America. 
and liis nfputalion *s a writer and Ep»al(«r, 
narlK-d In-hind, and tbrong^ thi? iiillii>>nct! 
of O'Conni'Il, it \» asid, he was appninled 
^MrlininHniary correspond«at of th« 'Fr*«- 
Tnan"* Ji>umal ' in London. Litrratiir*. how- 
ever, had gr«at«r attmctiom* for him ihnn 
thp huAincaa of the Iloiia^ of Commnm. 
DvSj iaj-8 he 'was mor>- absorbi^d in the 
vebievrnienU of Lukx Wnddins and Art 
Karmnagli than in those uf Sir K. I'wl or 



Lord John ItuB»«ll ' (i'6.1 His connection 
with tliu ' FrefmunV Journal ' eonsiiiut'nily 
srion I'loNiid. Ilul he fliib;iv({ucntlr Ix-canm 
l^ondon cnrrespondent of the ' Xiilion.' To 
IhnI pu|inr ho lu-nt. l>H.iid<.-!> li.-ti<r#, many 
poemB, which nppsnred over one or another 
of thi< fnllDuiDK eipnitlnrvf : ' Montanus,' 
* Arnffr^in,' ' fVargai!,' ' Sanlii'ld.' * An Irish 
Exile,' ' OiUaEiriu,' ' Gilla-l'n trick,' and ■ M.' 

In 1847 he will itrifointi.-<l wtrttiirf to tbo 
comniillee oi x\\e Irish Oinfeilcration, and 
rcturnod to Irvlnnd to tak<'&n acliie ]iart in 
th« litemry propnpandaof Yonnp Iraland. In 
the >«uif >eiLruewn)) armiU-J at Hollywood, 
CO. WJL'klow, but vfoA roleasfd. and sliortly 
uflvrwunLthumarrivd. lIvwassoutonaBwret 
mi.iiiiriu, which proTi^J abnrrivi', to 8r<itl&nd 
in ibo following v«ar. Hia orders were to 
roiiM! thfl 1n*li ot'tiliugnw, to nAza Iwo or 
thrvfo of the Clyde atcnimir.4, and tn fores iJn* 
hnniU lo wnrk the r(»«wl niiiiid to the coaat 
ofStigrt. TlioniTL* Frunci-^ Menghi'r [q. r] 
bears (eslimony to ihe cwunine, cnlhu^iiicm, 
idcr, and «n'_'rpy of M'Gw, and the charge 
that he betmyisl the cau#t^ iu Scotluiid tnay 
aafely bo rejected (MicttAKl.CArA:fAoit,itf0- 
moirx iff T. F. Mfu/her, l>jiy, pj.. L*45-(J). 
l)n his return to Irt'hmd he wti.* sIiclliTi^d by 
l>r. Edwanl .Mn^inn [i|. v.], cathulic coad- 
julur biMhiip of Iti-rrv, ivhou>n bi'ii^raphv be 
wrote in later ye«r?i, and finally, after th« 
rout wf his pnrty, lit' i-wfQped to Amt-rica di»- 
^tLJih'd as a prie*r. Hr arrived in Philndflphia 
on 10 Oct. 184tJ, and proceeding \a Now 
York, Mart «1 tbert- within a mouth the' New 
York Nulioii,' which wait d t>ui:ci'9>ii until hu 
ranio into collision with Ihe clttrity by hia 
dciiuiii'iationx of iLo iiri>.>^a for nissuadinff 
the pensanls from n'hrllcon. He tln-n went 
tn Itoston and founded in IS&Oa papr railed 
'The AmiTirnn tVlt.' Tbo tone of thi» jour- 
nal was at first ri-publican or r>.'Tnluriftnnry, 
but McGeo gradually cbansed his views, 
under th^e inflnenrc, it is iMitd. of the Know- 
Qothiuff luovt-juent in AuiLTicn, and advo- 
cat4.-d a Ti'turn to constitutional methods 
(Ubaxk. Z>irr. o/Amer. .Bi'v. p.518). Ha 
)«ceH<ton from the ranks of bis uhl comrade* 
led to accUMtions of treachery, and he found 
it iii'L-driiL to rvinovv \\\» paper, Urst to Buf- 
fiijo, and then to New York, Hut tlw con- 
tinued at tacks made upon him by [tevin Keilly 
and olhi-rs niiidc it ininiButible for him to re- 
main in America. Duni' remnrk" that * iiome 
of Bcilly's arlicW about Mcfiee were a dis- 
(rnwe to IriHh-Aiuorifan j^iiimatiim] by their 
fnulni-w* and inendaeitv'(/"Hr ymrtiiflrifh 
Ilitfoni. 188:1, pp. 4ot*, 4S1», 77h). 

In 1WS7 -Mi-Ok^' di>p(wcd of hit uvwspapor 
propCTlv in America am! M-tlli'd in Monln>Al. 
I'huru Jj« siwiud another paper, the *Nev 



McGee 



86 MacGeoghegan 




£rii,' wliicti wim liv§ •ticcvHvfuI tliun th« 
'Araprican Celt,' but he soon ftphicvcil a high 
place in Caaadiati poUticH. Witliio a ywur 
of his airivdl hi' wft» elected one of tlic iiiri?o 
members for Montreul in the Le^Utive 
As&emblj, and in M&_v lad'J, anJ ag^iu in 
18<U, his fliX]Uvncu mid iidminirlnirive »- 
pitcilv procured him the tmiioriatil iiost of 
prci^iilt'iit of the coimcil. He di>Viir«a mut:h 
eniT^ty to anJiiitl iiifi^ th» fiirEmitton nf tin* Uti- 
miiiiDn of Canada and thn fedptation of the 

Erovince*. 'To him h due iby chaif credit of 
*viti([ all oTCTRritLBli North America, im lie 
maritimcprovinroftBBW«lIasin(>iitiino, pnpii- 
larised tbu iden' (ln'»/>7iifin in (.'a naif a, p. GM). 
"Whi'ii i.bo itnirin was acoomp]i»ht<i,iit IfTJ, 
hit. iMiM of pnwiilent wna excUanfivd for that 
ofminJatcrofrfrripiilturoaTidemijiTolionjimd 
liv WII9 (.'Iwled member fur Muul real \W)<t iti 
the Uomiuiriti parUaraeut oii t> Nov. If'fiT. 

McUBt' n-'sohitvlydt'iiounct'dtht tbreatwricd 
Fciiiiiii iiivjisi<iii of Cntmda, ftiid siipjiortiH] 
the prnBediliou of dialnviJ Trithmen. A plot 
to murder hitn was coiisetjUBiitly iDaliin-d, 
and in t]w mrlj morninff of 7 April IftfiS, 
OH be was returning koine after aparSiaui'en- 
tary sitting, Il« was shot before bis own 
huuM.' ill tin.' Mrt'cU of L'Htiwii. Public in- 
di|?nftlion was int^nf^f. and Mcflee waa ac- 
cordi'd a mnKni^ct-iil ^tulu fuiu-rnl. Ui-Ii-ft 
a widow and two dointbti'm, who wtrw pro- 
Tided for by tht.' Cnnadian govpmmpnt. 
Twenty [botiMLrd duHnrd wt-n.' offrri'd fnr 
tlic rapture of the murd«'r>'r, and one P. J. 
W'liebin was tuk«a Hud himped. 

Mrtioi' wor* ^ifl>-d wiib irnut c-loonenco, 
Olid bis verse powessed a^inn^tbauu terse- 
ms* not TiTV common in Irish poolry. Dis 
pro*i- was virili; and pit-iurexiuf, and his 

* Popular History of Ireland' is considered 
lh4> bc!fit tif ilK liini]. Hi^ i>flbrt£ to |)TumoUi 
tb« utiioii of tUi* Caiiadiaii pn iviiitvs and lo 
r^^ndertbem InyalinKnjrlandhave rnetwilh 
due rec(4n>i<ioti, while bis unme is a» wvU 
bnown in Iri'land b* ihat of any of rh« 
YouncIfwlniidi'rs.exct-ptTboaiBS Davis. Ills 
dark complexion gate him the AObriqiKit of 

• Darky '.Mc()m>. 

Hi* piibltMh^tl TTorke, apart from mpa- 
nlclypubltsbf-d pamphlets and »nercb)*!i. and 
(wvntv-vi^ht U<c[un?fi on Kii^irlitu, Iri»h, and 
Canadian *uhji-rlK (•■<<• II. J. MoRBATf, liiSt. 
O/'wu/wi*!*, pp. -65-T), arp; 1. 'Historical 
^ill<?I^h^■« of O'Connrll and hi« Kri^iids,' Srcl 
i^iit. l:>roo.Ii'.-ston, If^l.V 2. *IrJi Writers 
of the SiTventtvntb IVjitiirv,' l^ino, Dublia, 
IfMO. 3. ■ .Miruoir of (lie Life and Ctmooeits 
of Art Mc^lurroph.Kinjj of Lein8l«T,*lSmo. 
l>ublin. 1847. 4. ■ Memoir of C. G. Pnffv.' 
l>»blin. 1^0. r>. 'A Ilifltory nf the Tri«h 
Scttlcra in Xorth America,* liimo, Bostoa, 



1801:?Hd«dit.Bro,18rj2. 0. ■ [ri«fa Letters,' 
Xew York, 1S5?. 7. * History nf th*- At-- 
(«iiipt6 Id establish the ProlcGioDi Reforma- 
tion in Ireland,' li'mo, Boston, lf53. B.'Ca- 
thoUc lliMory of North America,' l:^aio. 
lBo4. 9. ' Life of 1-Mward MaKinn, Coadjutor 
Hii^hop of Horn',' Svo, Now York. ISTiT ; 
MoMln-al, lKri7,'L2nio. 10. 'Oanadian Jial- ■ 
bids and Orwu^ioniil Pieces,' 8to, Moutn-iil, ' 
inrjH. II. 'A Popular Hintory of Ireland, 
Hvo, STOl.i.New York, 1M2; another edit inn 
in oue volume, LondoJi, 1S69. VH. 'Tin* 
Crown and tti* Confed'-ration ' (' by » IWlt- 
TToodsmAn '). ftvo. Montrenl, 1864, iz. ' NolM 
on Federal CJovemmenla l'a*l and Prpsent,* 
(*vo, Montreal, 186ft; a Frrncb tran?Utioa 
appi-Bivd in ibesnme vearat the same plac4*j 
14. 'Speeches and Acfdrcsscs, cbioHyonthft 
i^ubiccluflhe brLtivh Amerit'un Union.' ^^'0, 
liondon, Ihtl-'i. \n, 'Two Kpeechea on tba 
Uniuti of tba Proviucue,' Svo, Quebec. ldt}5.J 
10. 'Po.-ni>.,*cdil.-d hy Mrs. M. A. Sadlcir,' 
wilb introductory memoir and portrait, 8tii, 
New York, \Hm. 

[A Sketch of the Life of Hon. T. D. Mca«,hrJ 
H. J. 0"C. Fr»ii.'b, Q.C. (Muutreal); Apt>l«o«1l 
Cwlop. of Amn, Biog. it. 110-17; AUibcMUili 
D'ici.uf Eugl. IJt.8uppIamiMil.ii. 1D46: NatioBil 
1 8 and 25 April and 3 U^y 1803 ; Webl/* COn- 
ptDdinm of Irish Bios. pp. Sli:-I3: Monmn't 
BiliKCanftdenMs, pp.2efi-7; Dufljr's Koiir Years 
of Irish History: >', F. Darin'* Irishman iaj 
Carnda, Lond. 1887. pp. 64S-A(» ; O'lhjnughu'l 
I'uuta of Irelanil, p. 148; Brit. Mas. Cal.1 

». J. H-D. 

MACGEOGHEGAN, CONALL (Jt. 

lCy.'i|, Irinb hiF-t-Miaii. [See MaoeocJIEOAM.J 

MACGEOGHEGAN. JAMES 070^- 
irt'-"'), liifetorinti, was horn near Uiraech in 
CO. AVe!.tmeath in 1702, and bt-lonped tn the 
fuinily known in InithRS (.'inell'tiiacbach.so 
that he was rotated lo Kicbard MaHieo* 
gb'-;ran, the defender of Duiihoy in 1003, 
and to Conall MiigiMJghtyan (q. t.]. traofi- 
Ininr of the '.\nnals of ClonmBi-nniM*,' u 
w<-ll UK tn Frntieie O'MolIuy, author of tba 
• I.ucoma Fidelium.' He was educated in 
France, and entered the church, li^yiiniiiz an 
abh^. In I7W b* pablii>hrd in Parii ' Hia- 
toiw de rirlande, oncienne et modenie.' of 
which the second rolume appean-^l in 17tt2, 
and the thiH in I'tLt, Am»t'-rdam appears 
on the litleof vol. iii.,but as the paper, t>-pe. 
and most of the ornunents aiv idviitieal, uid 
as the n.'yal approbation for the first two 
voluntea appears at the end of the third, the 
place is probably m«r*ty on indication (hat 
an ofhcJal aiipniTal was not ({iven to tbo 
recent politics of the Ui-t volunH'. The work 
in dnliratrd to iho lri>h InMpJi in the ser^icft 
of France, uid ia a summary of tlie cxietinp 




MacGeoghcgan 87 



Macgcorge 



printed books on Irish tustorr. Tlie Kutliur 
•hoKraaointtonlloquuil ac(|UAint«ncfwilli tLv 
Troll luiffiiajr?^ but had not pxamined any 
mmnnMaipt »cppt tlie'Bookof Lecun,' nbicn 
vru Uien At ili^ Irish Colloge in Pam, «nil 
'which, be eays, n-ts difficult to read. The 
hittoiy is nut critical ; it iDOlini», for cx- 
unpU;, to the view Ihut the tiiaot'« C«ii»e- 
wftT ifl a BpecuBeo of early Irish architect ure, 
but it eontaios a good dwi of inton?«tin^ in- 
ioRnatioR arrangMi in urdifr. It (riini-luiIrK 
■with an account of the ctHifiscarionfl and 
granlf which rallowed tbi< trvatr uf limerick. 
Tlie abWw natuH aiipi-nra as Ms-ntK;f[lHtgan 
on the title of vol. l. and as Maclieoghegao 
on thut nf rol. li.; both are phonotiic »xpres- 
mmsoftheTruhfonnAfncKoclia^iinCC'imn- 
radb Mheiff KocbagBin BgUB an l-.SioDnaigh,' 
line Hi. ua became ono of the clergy of 
the church of tjt. Merry iu Foris, and diud 
tlumaoUarch 176^. 

[Works: Rio^phio O^o^mle, Purin. 18fiJS: 
Jif iar«Unnj <if In>li .\r(-hvol(igi«nI8n<;iot]r, vol.t. 
IMS; Tu[K>jtru|>Uicnl rwfiiia gf Jnhn O'Dubh- | 

JlSS. iif Iretitii). vol. ii,; ipfurtiinttDO fruin the , 
lb*. Patrick Boglo of tho ColUuv dwi Irlaadain, 
Parii.] N. M. 

MAOOEOOHEOAlf, ROCHE, aI»Q 
CuUcd *Xtocliiu d^- Uruc^' (lo^tt- 1644), Irish 
Dimiiiiican and hishuji of Kildiiru, ma of 
BnM HarOiHiijtif^iiii, chirf nf the !t<^|i[ of tlw 
MuGsof^befrans of Moycasht)] ur Kint^Ifiachn, 
COi. We«lninBlh, wa» bom in IfiHO. lUi 
atodied at the Irinh College in Lisbon, nt 
Coimbra, whcrv he entered iho ordvr of St. 
Dnminic, and nt Salamanca, when hn Rpeot 
eifcbt year*. The ^«ncralaf iLe Dominicana 
"■ras aaxions to revive in Ireland the I'omi- 
nicMi order, which at the deuth of (ju«i-u 
Klixabeth bad btvome alinoat extinct, soil 
MacGcoBhrcan woa Bcltct«d to carry lliv ru- 
Ttral intutJVvrt. lln wan )>reii«iit at aaeui^ 
ral rhaptpf of tho Oaminicana held at Milan 
in ll>2tf, and was there appointnl pnivincJal 
of Ipt'lnnd. Hrt wnrltpd with indomitable 
ensrjT in Ireland, reston-d his ordi^r to v igour, 
and, it is staled, coDTCrtMl to rho calhotic 
ftitn several penons of jirominHnce in the 
country I Morxv, I^r4fcutioitJ''>fIri/A Cntho' 
liGt). On three occomoha iho gov^'mimiiC 
ordoivd bi» arrc*t, and a rc-ward of -JWl. was 
' •olfemd for his capture ; but cnch time he 
■neeawlgd in BKapiutr. il>> ultiioBtfly tv 
Mgnod tbi; o&vtr of provincial and withdrew 
to Louvoin, where V' aide>i in tbe faunda- 
tioD of a oimrriit for Trioli 1li>mihinaiiii. On 
tJie dcaili nf Pt't«r Lombard [<). r.^, nrch- 
l)iabop of Armai^i. in 16^, it wss ur]^1 on 
Pope Urban VIH without rciiult lliat he 
du>uld appoint MacOeoghe^o to the vacant 



M-e. In 1028 he waa appointed bi&hop of 
Kildare, bring con«ecmt«l at Brussels b^ 
tho Archbishop of Mwhlin. Throughout 
his vpiscopate he was the constant object of 
pprxecntion, and waa frcoui'nily obUgi-d to 
Wp in hiding. Uo dic-d at Kilbi-g;^o In 
CO. Wertmtdtli ia 1044, and waa biirivd in 
the catliedntl of Kildare. 

MacUeochegan bad collecird a largo li- 
bntni',whicti,accardinf?toMomn,wa^liiim(>d 
Ijv Ilia pu'aticutoni ; nrt-'irrltiig to olhers, be 
pledguu it in order to relieve the poor of his 

[I)c llnrgo*s Ilibernia Dorainipanii, pp. 99, 
lOB. 108, 431. 4B;. 661 ; Uorans IlUioriad 
Sketch of the I'ersteutioDS snffrmd by the 
Catholics or Irelnnd (whorwiD the ant b or quotes 
from a mauu»cript Uielotyof tha IrifthBisfat^, 
by ]>r. John Lynth). pp. a6G-71 ; ComrrfonJ's 
U.ill*ctioiis mUting to th« Dioorami of Kildare 
and I^iglilia. iiil evr. t>p. 30-5; MrDlian'a 
Memoirs of tho Irish Hb^ntri?hy in ihe Sovcn- 
tcrntli Ontiiiy, pp. l&B-tf, and Appomlis, pp, 
80S-10.84I ] P. L. N. 

MACOEOROE, ANDKKW (I^IO- 
1^01 ], nnlifiunrinn writer oud historian, aao 
of AiiJrew .Mttetfi'<irp<-. lawyer, wa« bom 
13Mfty 1810. in liU^p'W, where hen'ccivcd 
his school and uiiiversitv education, lie was 
admitted into the Faculty of Procurators in 
lasa, bucumiug about tliv same tiuu^ n lUfiu- 
IxT of his father'a lirm, At^er his futhtr'a 
death be wafi bead of tho ilrm till liri-^O, when 
li« n.'lin-il. Ui-cogntwd a.-* asimnd i-ii-li-niji*- 
licnl lawyer, Mac^eorge was coimccted with 
snino fnmonif cases in t he courts of the church 
of ScotlAnd, and wm in contrOTersjr an un- 
compromising churclunan. He wrote, under 
tliepMUiIonyniof' Verila<,'nn«>]abor&leaenc4 
of anicl'-it on the princiiilc^ofthe free church, 
which were collected ifilef fur private circu- 
lation. Ilun'as skilled In liisraldry.andiuan 
aiitinuaryliKiTtinlributHd import aat papers tu 
the Archipolo^ical Society of filiisguw. lija 
lore of art is dlustrated by hi» biography of 
W. L. I^itch [(\. v.], and by many water- 
colour paintings and clever caricntun-*. For 
* lUb and his Friends,' by Or. John llrown 
(IHIO-1882) [a. v.], he drew nn illustration 
of the (log-figlit, and Thnekemy highly com- 
mended jorao of his caricmiircs when nhown 
ihviii by Or. Krown. lie took an aetiv* in- 
tere.4l in the welfare of public institutions 
in tilas^niw, aolably ihv Royal Iloq'itnl for 
Sick riiilcln^n, which wna fmiiuit^l bv but ex- 
erliona. and of which he w»8 long tlie secre- 
ttiTY. His atmn miittr conferred on lirm th« 
di'grw of LL.D. four montha before hid 
deutli, which took place at Row, Dumbar- 
tonshire, 4 Sept. l^OI. In 1841 he marritd 
.Miss Tollyck of Wluteball, near Ghi^^w, 



I 



• 



b 



who Siirvivwl liim willi nn unlv ilaughler, 
thowheof the Rev. J)r. Alison of Edinburgh. 
Macgeorffe's worke are: I. 'Iiisi^in of 
Glii»|:iiw,' 1 NIHS. 2. ' I'rincipl«8 of the tVe 
Church.' 1^73. 3. 'Free Church C'laims: 
their Ueal Character nnd Tpncloncy,' 1877. 
4. ' Old <iluir^iv : lliu riQC« und ibo Pt-oiiK*,' 
IPSO, illimt. Hvo ami 4to, 18H8; hti nhl*. hiiJ 
trustwnnbTlr«alisfl. 6. 'Flags, their Hielory 
onii I'np," ilUist. 4lo, 18**1, n work of luncli 
r^srorch nnii interfwt, ft. ' William Lwp'hton 
Leilch, Laudecflpe Painter,' ISf*4. 7, 'Tliu 
Church in ir» rilntioii tfl tlio Liiw nml ihp 
State,' ft (liKserlnlion conlrihulpd lo I'mfes- 
Bor Story's 'Church of Scotlnnd. PbbI and 
PresLTit,' iitid also issued »cpj»n»ti'ly, li-ftl. 
Por tilt Maiclaiid Society be edited '.Misccl- 
lani^oiis I'an^rs illuatratiTc of the Reigns of 
Alary uiid Jiliqi.-s VI,' 183^, -llo. 

[Cilrii^n- Herald, 5 f^j>L 1891 ; Iti-leniibargh 
and OnHcu'b Times, 7 Sept. 1861 ; persoual 
lcr)owl«lB«.] T. B. 

MACGILL. II.\iMri,TON MONTOO- 
.MiaiV, n.U. (1&07-IHWU), united presby- 
Icriun divine, boni in 1*!07 in Ciitriiie, .Ayr- 
cliiri'pWiiRprlucnlfilalMiiuchlini.', and entered 
(ilasgow I'niversilvin 18;>7 and the Divinity 
Hull (if the United Si-c^wioncliiirHi in 181)1. 
Ho vffiA liceni^tt I n jirr-nch by th« presbytery of 
KilmamiKk in March It^vJII, and wax ardojavcl 
minister of Tlnke Stret-t CJiurrli, C!lft*ffow, in 
tVbruarj' lK!7as cotleapuetoDr. Muter. In 
18411 lie sepurated, wilL part of thcconCTi^ga- 
(iun, from l)«lif Kirwet, and formed the ilont- 
rofle Stret-t Cliurch. In I8oH lie became homo 
million iieL'r<!tary of lltii united prcsLyierian 
church, nnd hi- n-wpied his pii:ktural connec- 
tion. He prrviouBly edited the 'Juvenile 
Mie»i<>nury Mnpnzi iw,' ajid now hucame editor 
also of (be 'Missionfiry Kecord.' In 1808 
JlacgiU reBigncd ihu home swrvtarj-i-hJiJ on 
becoming fortii?n mission Becrcinry, and that 
ofQcti he hold at his death, lie njceived tliv 
degree of U.D. in ltl70 from tht^ nnivprsiry 
of Glusffow. lie Wfts an eloquent and popu- 
lar prruc:h»?r, and perfonuetl his sivrftnrinl 
dulii's vvllL caro and judguient. lie died 
rj Jtin« 1880. 

Margin published, besides sormotin and 
iLddrcFMit;, ou ulabumio * Life of Or. lleu|jh,' 
liiH fttther-in-law, in IftW, and iho 'wcll- 
Itnown and learned work, entitled ' Songs ot 
th« I'hri.'.fiiiii (Invd and Lite," selected and 
Imnalatt'd, 187*1. 

[I*«rai>nn[ kDOtrlcdgo i mfrmortal notico in 
I'Ditwl Pp'sb. M««. July 1880; Ann*]* and »ta- 
tisliea of thrt U. i'. Clitirch.] T. B. J. 

ICACaiIX,HTEVli:NSON (1705-1840), 
professor of theolo)^ at Ola«gow, »on of 
Tboinu Maegill, a shipbuilder, of Glasgow, 




was bom at Port Glasgow on 19 Jan. 1766. 
Hia mother, Franc>^s, danghter nf George 
WeUli, esq., of Lochhurvt ui East Luthian, 
may have been a descendant of I)ib Rer. 
JohnWclch[q.v.],iK)n-in-lawof John Knox. 
Mac^ill was educated in the pari&h school 
at V»n (.tloHgtiw und Gltu^^uw Univeraity, 
which he entered at tlm agf nf leu anil look 
the nine yi^rs* course, gaining many diiinnc- 
tiniis in L'lasaicM and theologv. AftitrjuiLinf; 
as a privaTe tntnr to thp ftarl of Burhan, 
among others, he was licensed to prencli by 
the Paiftley pre-ibvl<?ry in 1790, mid in the 
following year was pnw>nl<^ to thiOpari^of 
Ens) wood, Renfrewshire. Ileslso rvceirodattj 
offer of the clmir of civil history i " i he unitad ■ 
colleges of St. Salvator and St. I^onard at 
Su Aiidrt'ws, together with a small country 
living, but con»cientiou)) scruples prevenlea 
his accepting nnyplurality. In I7Utihocon- 
trihutvd the ' St uueut '« Druam ' uuuiiyniuuely ■ 
tn 'Macnab'a Collection,* and in 17St:; pub-^ 
lished a tract a,gainst the French revolution 
cnll.-d'Tlii- Spirit ..f the Tiin«r».' Inl7!*7 he 
waa traiislst^ to the Tron Church, (ilaagow, 
and the 'dearth" which occurred soon afl*n^ 
wards gave aliuiidanl: scope for Inn parochial 
energies. On iflt Auif I'^JU he received the 
degree of T>,P, from the university and Miiri- 
«cbal ColI<^,.\berdei"n. lie bestowed con- 
mderahle nttention on the prison*, infirmaiy, 
andlunniLciiiiyIani,undin 180!) published hifl 
' Thoughtsou I'ruioiis,' aiivocating extenaive 
rcfunns, which vhtv not, however, adopted 
wliKiL lli« (JlHKgciw prip<on wait huill.. llv in* 
sisted upon further churcli nc^'onimodation, 
urging tlint luck of it encouraged the growth 
of disAent, and slnrti^l an u»siX'ialion for 
mut ual instruction in Uierature and theology, 
Iwfore which he ri-ad n itcrii-s nf essays, aft^f- 
wards published as * Letteni addrL>jB><cd. to n, 
Young Clerg3nnan,' 184.11). A second L'dilion, 
eulargt-d and dudiceilcd to Hannah Mon.\ was 
iuuetl in 181'U'. In 1814 he waj« eli-ctAl to 
the choir of thvolugy in the university of 
Lilusgow, vacnteti by tint death of l*r. Ro- 
bert Findhiy [n. v.] ; lio demitled his cJiargB 
of Trill J ('Imrni fn 9 Nov, Ii^l4, and was 
succeeded bv l>r. Thomas ('lialmers fn. T.] ; 
and B8 prufesBur reorganised the study of 
theology. In 182.'! h» engaged in ■ warm dis- 
pute with Gome of hia university coIlt«g»ec» 
jiolably Piitrick Marfarlan fq. v.l. on ttkft 
question of pluralities, and (iis T»wi were, 
Kiib:<iiquvutt\' addpt'i^d bv a royal com 
hion on the Scotliah nnivcrsitics. Mac 
was mainly iiiKtnimf>ntaE in llio VTOCtM 
of the monument to Knox in Glaagov Nt 
croTralis; in iNiMhe wasunauiiayusly elected' 
modemtor of the goncral aMembly ; in Janu- 
ary 18S4 lie waa appointed chaplain io oi^ 



dituTT to his oukketr bjr WLIUftEa IV ; and 
in 1836 dean of Uw Chapel Koyal. He died 
on \fi Aof. 1&40, ued 76. 

ills works, b««aw tlioae almfidy men- 
tioned, •>«: 1. 'DUooune on Glemenury 
Educatioo.' 1811, 8vo. S. 'Lecture on 
KKetoric and CriiiCMin,' F^dinbiirgh, 1838. 
S, ' ScrraooK,' vitb portnit, Olosgow, 1839. 
4. * IKmmutws,' witti Inographic*! memoir, 
GUspow, 1S44. 

tHcv Seolt'i Fa«ti. i. 397. il. 19, iil. S9S: 
life l>; I)r. Bnms; Biaffrnphienl Mrmnir. Olaa- 
gow, lOlt: Chambon'«I>ict.of Eminout Scotii- 
stca: IrTiog''* Book of Kminv&t .S<«t<Dn«n ; 
V/Mt'» BibliotlMca BriUonioa; -wofkmii Brttinh 
lCtipnm.3 A. F. I'. 

M-OILL, WnJJAM, D.D. (1733-1807), 

• Scotliih diviiM-, vourtf^-At son of William 
VGUl, fanner, oi Corsenestock, AVifrtoivR- 

■ •bire.wiubomin 17^^, Af^prpaaungtliTiititth 
,«dinol« at Moni^fT and at PeasingluuiiG, 
"Wifpowtialiire, be ea(«red fJla»g«w <S)ll*f(«>, 
andfTTttduAiM M.A. On 10Ort.l7Gdh«wii« 
licviiwd by Wi^own pre»bylery, and from 
12JiiD« I7(J0aci«d AS fii^fiistant to jVlcxandor 
Ferguson, iDiiuBtor of Kilwiuuiiig. Ayrtliiro. 
£la waa fmnenUid by tlic Inwn l-oiuiciI and 
MBtmon in April 1701 to tlu> second charge ia 
Arr, and nrdainnl tbiMii on '22 iict. 1761. 
HU colleague wa.** William Dalrvniple, D.D. 
[q. r.l, Itums's 'P'nTnidB tnild,"* a kindred 
spirit' with biniMlf in diAwuition and in th^i- 
Jg^ical leodenciee. Bota belonged to the 
I 'moAenta' party in tbt- Scottish church, nnd 
«*r* indinea lo f^o furth<tr itiun tli'eir leader, 
WilUara Robertaon. U.U., Ih« tiislorian, in- 
aBBneh as thev adroiqitfd (,b«5fun:: 17t$0) the 
mbolition of sul)Ncn|ilti:)n. 

In 1786. prior to which Iio hud rdcoirtid 
till' d*i;rvi.> of IVI)., M'Ciill putiliHUi'd au 
t-M*y on ' The Death of Christ,' which ex- 
hibits a marked divergence from ilii.< tliom-y 
<if atnnKnrnt uphold in tho standanU of his 
church. lie had evidently beten mucli in- 
flornced by tho «arlii!r To1umc« of Priu^tley's 
■Thaokigical U«po«lon'' (,1770-1). which 
he qao(«a with apimn-al (pp. &i2 m.) Dal- 
rympl*!, in a 'History of Christ* (_1787), 
ctptiiuivndi<d his colleogne's work, ho tm- 
mMiBti> action waa taken by tlte fluthorUi«s 
of his churcli, but in 17t^ M'(iill vicit^'d 
aoini* angry fivtling by niibliihii^ a )>olitical 
•ermi^n. On lH April l78t> a cunipluint «-ii» 

• fin«mit«d to thi? nynod of (iI«)«gow mid Ayr 
ftllcigin^thbtM'tiiirrtrwavconlainfid hRtero- 
dax doctrine. The synod required the pre*- 
bvtery of Ayr to take up the cnec. and tm^ if 
there weT« grounds for the complaint. On 
amcal to the jreuerat assembly the aynod's 
order was quashed (1 Judo), but the p'reaby- 
iMj waa recommended to take otepa to prfr- 



oerre purity of doctrine. The next meetinf 
of presbytery (15 July) waa atlondvd by a 
concourMi of people from far and ni'ar, and 
(fftVH riw toHiinws snlire'The Kirk'aAlartn.' 
William Auld, minister of Mfiuchliiic, Ayr- 
sliire (' Daddy Auld '), moved fora committee 
of in^itiirr, wlucli waa carried against a pro- 
position Dy Thomas Thompson, miui-ster of 
IMilly, for a committer of conference with. 
M'Oill. i)a Ihu comniii tt^'O aiipuintvd waa 
Auld'selder,\ViUiamFiilwr('boly Willirt'). 
Thv committ«c mot ax times, ana presented 
a ri'purt uf iillT pojfw. M'Uill'scasewaacoa- 
ducted by Itobfirt AtJcen ('Orator Bob'), 
writcriuAyr. ThepreebyteryonSOSeptPB- 
ferrwi llincuwe to t be irvninl, which on 14 Oct. 
direcit'd the preabvtery lo Ialt« ortion. On 
^7 Jan. 1790 M'Oill hande4liQ his answers to 
charges, and the enm wiw apiin {'2i Feb.) n>- 
ferred to the svDod, M'Oill upoeatin^ ft^tLLnst 
the ri-ference. ^t wos evidenl tlmt the various 
C4)urt9 werewiUim^rtoihift the ri-sj;ott>ibiliir 
of dealing with the matter. At Iiii|rlh M'fSifl 
fslup]K.'d gTouoediiigs by ulfuriritt i 14 .\pril) nn 
explantiLinii and a|)(iliif^y, nliirli ttie Hynod 
accepted oa aaliafactory. ll'is purialiionem 
hnd warniiv minjiorted him, tin.' pnjvi.wJ of 
Ayr, John Rallnmini', hein); • de-af To the 
cbnrch's relief.' Bums's own judgtnent is 
expresdiid in tb& lines, 

liotlor Mae, Doclnt Miu-, 

Ye ihculcl »in.-tc)i uo ii rack. 
To strike aviMoon wi* terror; 

To join faith and scnsa. 

Upon ony pnteaee, 
Is heretic, damiiable error. 

Priestley regrets that M'Gill 'was not 
more tirm, especially if the ff«nural OMembly 
would have supported him. No further pro- 
tK'Outiou rnaueu, ihuujfh one seems to have 
bet>ii meditated, (.hi 1^ May 17511 Thi-i iiiliilua 
Lindsoy [q. v.] wrilea to William Turner 
of Newcai'tle, ' The second ntomi which 
thnmtt^ned good Dr. M'Oill i» happily blown 
over.' 

M'Gill died of asthma on 80 March 1807, 
io his Mveuty-fifth year. He waa a wan of 
erect and commanding stature. Lockhart 
meni ions his ' cold,UBpo]iuIar manners.' His 
cliaracccr was |»robablv marked by rui«rv«, 
but it is certam that he was beloved by hift 
fiuck. and ho novor made a pursoual tmemy. 
Iliirn* Mx>aka of his 'clo**', nirvoiw ewd- 
lenw.' He married,on7Nov.l7fl3,KliKihiah 
Diinb^p of Ayr (d. !) June 17t^>, and had 
thret- fons and live dAUghttrt, all of whom 
died before him except ]jis fourth daughter, 
Mrs. Ombam. 

lie piiMiehed : 1. *A Practical TUsay on 
the Death of Jesus Christ. In two parts. 



MacGillivray 



MacGillivray 



• 



p 



Contaiu'mg, I. Tlie History, II. Tba Doctrine, 
of Hifl Deaih/ &c, Edinburgh, ir&), 8to. 
2. 'Tlio B»'n.?flt8 of (li« KHvoliilitin,' ftc^ 
Kilninmrck, irHS>,STo(Hfirmon). Alsothn^ 
8111^1(3 sermoaH, 179^5. 

(liuw ScoCta Vasti liccli^ KcKitiMnip: lyock- 
hart'sLifcofJUurnB; RnttVMuniiiJri of I'riwtlpy, 
1832. i. 72 : iit<ah'f Gncl. Ilii4. of :^lliin<l. J8SU, 
IB. M6; Thoologiciil Uonevr, 1878, p. iS; j 

A.O. 

MACGILLIVRAY, IMIAKLES R. 
(1904 ^-irtUT), idivMfinii and Gaelic »cbotAr, 
the 30D of n Hmull famtcr, y^M bi>m in Kil- 
finiL-Iiuu, Mull, ubuiit ltW4. Hi? received liia 
eli'Mifotnry iiiucation at the school of his 
nativo piiribh,and whoii uboul Iwvutv went 
to (ilnxuDw, wluT.' Iin fdiiiid cmjiluvmimt in 
a ilcuggUt'a shop. In I'^iii ha »;yintn«ticwl 
bu"nii>#« (LI II lini^i-^t, mid iti It^'iH grnitiuili:d 
M.IX In W)fl lio wiw ajipointml leclurur in 
Uqi'Iic Bt tin" OlaHjfoiv InBtilwtioii. lUi ilifsl 
in Glappow in 1 k'.C 

.Miictiillipriiy was an enthusiartic Gaelic 
Acbnlar, and a&>iattd Dr. Nonnon iMiicleod 
fq. v.l Willi his iiuljlicii lions. In I SW he puit- 
IVfUtta u (Joflic (^Tjuiimiir, but his best-known 
watk ifi fi transijitlon urBunvau'u ' J'ilgriiu's 
Progn'M* (IKlSllj. in wliitli Im wuii helped hy 
ArchilMld Uacruilyen the byain-wnU'r. Uy 
aUo traDNl&tiHl |ULrt« of Hiiwic'»'S(*olcli Hii> 

JrA)il)r ' into OneliCf pnhlishcd in Lnndon in 
1*7 0-3. 

(Oeiit. Mafi. 1887, pt. ii. y. 2Sa, whrrc Ihr drito 
7 JuHO is unccrliiiti- UlTicgow Vmt Offic-t Direo- 
torjr; information |irirnt«lysii|<plieil.1 

UACGILLIVBAY, WILIJAM OTQd- 
18C3),nal.iinilist,ivfis burn iil IHd Atjerducn, 
95 Jan. ITUt^, As a child bo tfpent eipfit 
years (174)9-1807). in tliu i^innd <>{ llnrns, 
Outer Hebrides. H.! llien rptnnipd tf> Alwr- 
decnQiidstutliLvIuiiderEwBBM'Lii^'lilan.nnd 
in 1808 enten-d asnn art^i :*tiidcnt at King's 
Collop"* ALiTiIeun, wliwo br^ pradualed M,A. 
in IHlf). 'Wbilu at the university he mu(li> 
(tome study of mL'(iicini% climlly iiiiilur Dr. 
Barclay, Imt, aftiTSome live years' trial, lie 
fthaiK^onrd it for nBluml scil'ucli. In 1817 
he began the fitudy of z'jolo(:y witb a fullow- 
Rtmlcnt, W, (.'mipir-, (luil for a time acted 
as iliwpctnr to tlia lecturer on coinpiinitivi; 
acialomy at Kin^'w Cnlb^gr. Hrs vuciitiotw 
ft* a fttii'Ir-nt hail b^Pii spent in tlio Weslorn 
Isles, and !i« subseinienliy minliitid iM-i-rmnxt 
parts of Scotland. Willi hia journal und a 
copy of Smith's 'I'lora Drilannica' hiiwalUnd 
from Aberdeen to London, for the puniiiHeof 
Bceiog [ho L'ouulrr and vii<>lin^ tho BritiMb 
Museum. lie aflcrwards alU'iidwl llw IfO- 
turos of llobLTt JatuvHon [q. v.] in Edinburgh, 



subsequentlr (jfeolonaiiig, gmhi:T\nff gulls' 
eg^ txul afiooting liirds in the Outtr Ml- 
bridi!*. Uu 20 Sept. IH:?0 be mnrrted Alariun 
AsMU in tlw I.iland of Uarrix. In 1823 ho 
ncceptcd tht' n|i]H)inl[nt>iit of *iiii«iMtHtit juid 
Mcretary to the rc-giiia profpBaor [K. Jampaon] 
of nnturul history, and n-giii* kenjicr of tho 
miiMiim of the Kdinbnrfth (.'nivrsiiy.' Me 
retired atlet a few years in order to continue 
his observations iiitbe field, but in 18>^l v/m 
iip^Ktinlud 'Con*o»vnior of the Mumjuw of 
tb*! Koyal C'i>Ut?geof Surg'sina in Kdinburah," 
Ho rL'sigut'd the post in March 1841. wticia 
bv mccwdud Dr. DavidK>n us 'I*n)fi!»>ur uf 
Natnral History in the MariAcbal ('oUecje, 
ftnd Uni\'er6ily of Aherdeun.' In 18i4 his 
old co1lcW<^ lw-iit(iwod upon him the Itunurary 
degnie of LT-.l). 

As j»rofw»or, MacGillivrsy was btiRily 
oceupitHl in deliitrine l«turft8,Bnd in form- 
ing u collection for tnt^ u»i> of tlie students.' 
He also cm barkcdl in numerous literary undcr- 
taliiuf(t>, and tbo struiu proved loo much. 
ICarly in i860 he spent a month in eiploring 
tho cfJutraL region of tho Gramptati*, ibv ditr- 
trict around Ixichnagan, and from the re«ul(s 
of tUn exposure ho never recovered. Ho 
wrnt lo Torquay to n«criLit later in thi* year, 
nnd slinrtly alYpr his arrival ui Torquay hia 
wife suddenly died. His own dealh took 
place at Ahprdc'n on 4 Sept. 1852. 

MacGillivray was not only a keen observer 
of scientilic phenomena, but a most can-fiil 
nnd (rxiict n^conk-r of whnt he miw. He 
achieved striking succi-ss iu several branches 
of natuml ecicn«>, in iiny oiii; of which, hud 
bin viK'at ion pKrrnittml, hn mislit bnvf U-trom* 
a brilliant sp{<cialiat. He had the highest 
qualiltcationx as a curator of urns'? umn. 

.•^hnrtly before he died, MacOillivTiy had 
completed wlint was the prcat work of his 
lifr-, 'A History of Hntish Kirds.* Tht» 
bad been begun beforv 1><37, when the lirel 
volume was issued, and ext^^nded lo ti%'« 
volutues in t^vo, the last t wo being ramplctMl 
in Ibe intervals of illneiu. Tbi* aiyin i* 
singularly clear, wiiilu the cam devoti'd to 
anatocnii'jLldRt ails and to lh«gra])liic d»M'ri[^ 
rionsofthehauntsandhnhiisofthfthirdsgiTeA 
il |x'rman(-nt EL'ienlifit3 value. MacGillirray, 
fur l.li>- firs). tiin«^ in tin- hiHtiiry of lli-^ scii-ncv, 
ba»'ed his clasaification of bird.H on tht'ir ana- 
lomioal ■tnifturi'. Thi" work wan considered 
bv Audnbon and others to ho tho host of its 
kind in English, 

MacGillivray'sflrfit published note was on 
llie occurrence of a walrus on th« stiora of 
Lewis, in IVcr, 1817 [EiUni. I'hil. Joum. 
vol.ii.lis^O): bis last complr-ivd work wa« the 
manuscript for a 'Xatural History of IV» 
Side' This maniucript was purchased by 



the qaeea, and at her command privattilT 
nriatod under tbe nlilonhip of Prvfiftwor t^ 
Luibester, tn ]855. 

Tlw foUowini; U a list of Iu)i other works: 
1. * A Sptematic Amnsvinent nf Rritiiib 
Plants by W, Witbering.C'orrectsJ and Con- 
d^rurd ^and fiimMbcdj,with«R Introduction 
to BounT, bv W. Sla^KjtUivrav.' bvo, Lon- 
■ion,ieaO;l(Xb«).l8oB. 3. * 'flu. Travels of 
A. von Humboldt ... a Condi^nscd Narrative,' 
8x\i, Ediubuiyh Cabinet Lilirary, vol. x, 
1832:2ndedii;i&59. 3. 'Liveaof Emio«iit 
Zoologiste, from Aristotlo to l.iiimvuf,' 8vu, 
Edinbui^b Cabinet Libinty, vnl. xri. iSlH ; 
iad. edit. \i*m. 4. ' UvHrriptims of the 
ttapaciona BirxUof nrMitBrilnin,'Sro, Lon* 
dottf 1636. 6. • A HiMory of British (Jua- 
dmpeds,' in Jardine'a NBtiiralist's Librnr}-, 

I ToL xziL 8vo, Kdinbiirf^b, \!<iS; 2nd 1.^110 
iatV«, to), xrii. 6. ' A Manual of Bolsity,' 
Avo, I»ndntt. 1^40; 3nd edit. I^io.'f. 7. 'A 

.MMlual of Uvolo(^v,' l'2mo, Lond<»i, IH^IU; 

iSmi edtU 1841. 8. 'A Manual of British 

' O>mtbolag>'.' 2 TuU. Svo, London. lis^O-lJ; 
Snd .'dit. s'vo. IfMli. 9. 'A HUlorj of tbe 
MolluM^ousAnimitls of the Counties of Aber- 
deen. Kincardinv, and Banff,' &<-., 12mo, 
IxmdoD. IrM.t; -2ndf>dit. 1814. tO.'I>onio!<tic 
Cattle; tbe Ihuwings by J. C'sssie, juD.,' 
6pt«. inut^ 1845. 

ilafUiUivray conducted the 'Edinburgh 
Journal of Natural History luid of I'liyiciil 
Setenoa ' from its iuception in OeiobtT \f^36 
Co its tenninalJon in May IB40. With this 
-VHitauedatnnBlal inn of ft portion of Cuvitr'g 
'Animal Kingdom.' Hr rtliUnl witli miteit 

• tnuulaiinn fmm the Fn^nrh of Birhard's 
'Clementa of Botiiny,' 8vo, EdiRl>urBli and 
ljOiidMi,1831; alMitnvff cditlnn of >>ir.). IC. 

i'&dHIi'b * Intrmluctton to . . . Botany,' I'Jiw^, 

.IxmdoD, l83lt, and tbv tith -^dit., v^nlnrgLd, 
of Thomas Bniwn'a 'Coach'jlojristft' Tei;t- 
Doak,' I'Jiao, Kdinbun^h and l>oiidon, 1845. 
B» wrotit tW deKriptioti uf tfai- ypvcira, with 
ibctr aiuUtimy, of M'veral buitilnrd !<|teci- 
■Moa of bifda for Audubon *s ' Omir bolo^ral 
Bbltognipby ' (o vols. 1831-9), and prvpiired 
tlie grc«t^r part, if not th<> irhole, of chac 

' mmtbta^» 'Svnnpis of the Birds of North 
America' (fti'tU). He nisn wrote a nV^ch 
of ibe Motion T'altnipM, fnr Wilson's an icle, 

' • Omitbo(*igT.' in the "th edit, of the ' Kn- 
cj'Clopirdta britanniea,' and did tbe drawings 
for Nitn-n quarto plates illuslrativv of ili« 
' Inii?raiil Structure of Fossil Vejptobloa 
fonnt-d in the Curbonifcrotis and Uolitic 

' I>nii>iiit.<t of ( In^t Britain,' by \Vithft»). In 
•doilion he vroie more than thirty minor 
papera, wbicb nppi-nrod in th« * Tmnanrlions 
of the Wcmi-rian NatumI Himory .Society,' 

* Edinburgh Philoaophical Journal,* ' Edia- 



bur^li Quartt-rly Journal of .\pricaltnre,' 
'l*ri«i KMays und Trunin u t tonti ut tliv High- 
land Snrifttv,* find 'Edinburgh Journal of 
Medical and Xatoral Science. 

Anion); liifl Tiap^^rA nt his donlh wu found 
the unfinisheu manuscript of a projected 
'History of the Veii4;brat«d Animals,' and 
he probitbh- Inundated or edited many other 
works of wbich no record waa kept, 

Aco!U'^;ii«naf«ri{final wate^^!'Jlo^^^l^lw- 
inK« by hini nf Bntixh itmuiroaU, biniK, and 
fisli isprfnervedintheZoolnpicalDepnnmenl 
of the British Mus-'um I Natural History). 

The only piibliihed iiorlntit — Hint in 
Harvie-Brown and Buckley's ' Vertt-hrato 
Fauna of the Outer HebrideVp'- ''■ — '" from 
one inoil8l)yMRcfiiIliTmybim*p]f,r^touehed 
after his death by a local artist. It is not 
con^idefL-d a good likeness. 

MacC'i Hi V ray's son, Johm M^cOitr-iVRaT 
(lt<t1*-lti(J7>.natnralist,thc eldest of thirteen 
children, ivas biimi at Aberdevn l^^ Dec. l>i'22i 
but »[>ent hiA cliildlinod in I-U]inburgb,'K-here 
he afterM-ards Btiidied medicine. In 1842, 
befura the conrve 'wns cumpli-tt-, hn vrna 
appointed by Lord Derby naluraliet under 
l*rofes5or J, B. Jukea [g. v.], on board iho 
I'ly, commonded by Captain Blackwood, 
and failed in her to Torres ^tmita und th* 
Eastern Archipelnm. Ho rctumwi to En^ 
land in 1844!, and later in that >var was ap- 
pointed nnluraliat onboard the Kattle'.nBke, 
nnder Captain Owen Sinnh-y. Professor 
IIiixli*Y, tlnui an uiwiMtnrit-Hurgeou iu the 
myal nnvv, was also of the staff. On his 
return in ISM), MacGillirniy wratc nn hc- 
mnnt of the voyage, whieh was nubli.ihed in 
185:>. Later in'thut year he sailea,aIsointbfi 
capaeity of naturnbst, in the Herald, under 
Captain Uenbam. on a surveying voyage to 
the eonsts of South America, and for tha 
8ouih I'nciRc. MncOiilivray, however, loft 
tlie veAMtl at SydiifV in IS.'i.l, and hi»eiit tho 
rest of hialifeinmafiingoseiirsionsto \iirioii8 
of thv .Ariftmlaiiinn i»liitid«,i-iilleeling natural 
hisfftry Hppeimens, Bud etudyinif the habits 
of the aliorijpne«. .Acomnim of ib.-MC i-xpe- 
dirion-t a]^enn>d from time to time in the 
8ydney irapers. His constitution waa at 
lenQlh undt^rmine'l by tbe L-nnstant fBli[rue 
and txpofrure. and he tii>:-<l at Sydney fi Juns 
]8({7. The moUiinean gt^nua MacOilfirraj/im 
was named in his honour. 

[Stfimoir hy J. Barley in Selection nf Piipora 
of LvictHtvr IJt. and Pbtl. Son. pp. |o;.$4; 
Kdinb. .New I'hil. Joom. ISM. lir. IR0-SO6; 
Kncyc!. Itrit. 9Ih edit.; N'orlh Brit. Ifnr. xii. 
I-IU; Alheoiwiia. 18 Nov. 1851; Gctji. .Mug, 
IS$2, pLil. p. 533; Prefim to ibn I{«pici(>ut« 
Binls; Good Wordu, 1808, pp. 42A-0. i>n<l por. 
trail of J. MaeOilLirmji iuforarMtMo kindlj 



i 



I 



Bii[>[>1iMi bj tho Rov. P. llontun of I'arij, nni] R. 
Wjilkcr, M^., regiitr«r. lte„ of Lbo Abercleon 
rr.iirreiT}-.] B, B. W. 

MAO GIOLLA CUDDY (lfllH-lfla;i), 
Insli jefliiiL [See AiWHUKKiy, RiciURif.J 

MiflLASHAN. ALKXANDElt (rf. 
ITWi ), Scottish TiolinUt, llDurished in Edia- 
biirgl) dIkjuI tliM ptnl of tl:it Jiidi L'pntiirj. 
JIti vrnn an abLi) and spiriterl tender nf tnt^ 

fat) lii unable bands in IfdLuburgh, and had 
some ri-pulJilion bs & composer of Sciitl.'nh 
music. He (iiiiU'd ' A t'ollnction ofStmtli- 
Bpev Iteela, wild u Dnns for the ViolnnceIlr> 
ami Hii.q>sicbord ' ^Edinbursli, 17R())f iind 
* ACulivctioii oi'SuMts SU-asiir^s, Honipii'fd, 
Ji^, kc' (17H1). lie wnfl peupmlly knijwn 
as ' Kiufi; McUliuUiiu,' u ntiuiu which hi; uc- 
i)iiirLil from biK »>lalt?lyn[j|M-tiniiireaiii1 sbi>wy 
ntyU- o!" divBs (CUAllliliiU! I. He diod iu Miiv 

jro; ((ji.Bs). 

[JohnMD's ScoU Mujticdl Miu^um, Edinbnrgli, 
IHia3, I. (IG; Brotni'a Diiliarmrjf of MusiL'i.iiii, 
4). 400 ; Cli milters'* Eiiiin^ni Svulsiiitfu. ii. 482, 
d.v. 'nit!r;'Cil«trnOolL. of ScoUish Daiioi- Miitic. 
IiimiJiHJliori, (■^Liiuh. ]81l].] J. C. U. 

MrCJLABHAN, JOHN 01. 1H««1, hynl 
irnihor, was u solicitor in KdinburRb. ll« 
joiiK.-il ill 1h24 thl^ ivjfioty of SohciioTH-al- 
Ijiw, ant) was onf> of t\w snlirilors before the 
suprvmtj court* from l&il. About ISoiiliw 
WL'nt to N<>w Zi*al(iri(}, whcrobe i\'ml in \>*tH>. 

Id 1831 lie published ' Pru'Ctical Notes on 
the Act of SctWum,' which, HiidiT the title 
given to the second edition, * I'mctical NoU<s 
on lh»' Jurisdiction and l''ornis of Process in 
Civil CauKsa of tbe ShurilF Uourts of 8coi.- 
iNiid.' reached a fburlh edition. ' Tlic Ijiw 
nndPnictico inActioniof AlinM^nt 'ii)>pL<unMl 
in 1H37, ami k ■ Digi'nt of tUe l-aws n-luliiig 
to PawnbroksTB ' in ItM4. 

[Scotiiftb I>iw Lifit* ; Olirer nod Soyd's Now 
Ediobureli Almanac : BriL Mum. Cat.] 

J. R. M. 

MACOOWAN, JOHN [1 726-1 7H01. bap- 
ti&i niirii-icr, ^vu,'( hum in 17:^4int F.dinhur);Ii, 
Aftvr receiviog a good education, be nas 
apprt-nl iced to a weaver. He siib*cqUfntly 
efttbid in Briilgfl Slrcet, TiVnrrinjrton, as 

a iVeslfVi 



i.t a 

baker. He hud earlv liecouie a iVeslfvan, 
and now joined the mLtbodixt movi'miiin ajtn 
preachfF, At u luU-r period he wa* ntlmcted 
by tlic indcpcndi-nts. hot linallv joinfd the 
partimlnrhaiiliFln, Homiuisiered ot theold 
Mpt ifit chnpel at Hill ('lift', nrnr Warrington, 
ftnd afierwardu nl Bridgnorth (A'u/«* und 
Qiurieit, Gtb ser. vii. 75). 

Ill St-pK^uiber 170*) Slncjiowan berime 
paator of tbe old moot Ing-hoH»e in IVvon- 
eliiro Squarv, Ui«hop»gate, opeued by Wil* 



liani Kiffin [q. v.] in 1687. Hftr» lie r<>maiiiwl 
nntil bin death. Hin pivachin^r, d'vtpitf* ilA 
Calviuistic tone, became popular. In faiHaR 
brolfh, Mttcpowan Qilminiei^-rccl th^ Mcrh- 
ment for tbe lai^t Ittuo on 12 Nor. 17H), and 
died '25 ^ov. Ho was buried Jn Bunhill 
Fiulda (cf. 'Wiiaon), ilu Ifft a widow and 
cliililren. 

Mnc^won waa a writer of somu t«Ienl. 
lu contniveny hi« stylu wait rnuKtic and 
ironical, and in h'la devotional irorkti be bad 
fa'ciuenl recourse to alleRorj-. His bou)(« 
went thrnu|:;h mitny Kliliooi in lx>ndnn, tlie 
North of EnfjUnd, and America. Several 
were piiblisheil under p9eiidnnrin«,i,e, ' Thn 
Shnvt-r'and ' Pintqniii S!iiiVL'bl(N.'li.' Hiscliief 
work,' Infernal OonferiMices, or Ihalojjue* of 
DoriU,bv the Listencr,'London,1772,2roU. 
12uio, may hnvu beon »>iii;K<-'ti(^ by 'The 

I dialogues of tbe Head' t London, 1760) of 

' (jeorgu. lord Lyttelton. He vdiUsl, with 
no1.'», ' Nip-ht, a Saiim upon tlm Manners of 
the Kick and Great,' hv ('harlcs C'liurcLiU 
[(J. T.l, probably nbniit 1768. 

The lilies ofliiB chief ol her puhlicntion.iare; 

I 1. ' I,ettef to an Arian.'diited 'Ji^ April 1701, 
printed in John Allen's * Cnnvn of Crowna,' 
yrd edit. It^HJ. li. 'The ArifinB and .Soci- 
niana' Monitor, boini; a Vision that a younr 
SuL-iniiLci latvlv W!,' London, 17<I1 ; 3ru 
edit. 1795; iL'th edit. ISNa. H. 'Death: a 

I Vifiiotij or tlie Soltimn Duparliiro of Saint* 
iHid Hiinier*, n-pn-nenlfd iiiidfr the SimiU- 

I tude of a Dream,' Ijondon, 1766; 2nd edit. 
l'<iS; 7lh edit. Uf^iO; other e"litionn, 1-rwla, 
mto; Krtinb. I^I.A'c. 4. • Prift-sicraft De- 
fended ; a Senuon occasioned by the Expul- 
sion of Siic Vouni; (irnlU'mf-n from th« 
Uaivcmily of (Oxford, for praying, readine, 
andexpoundin^tbe Scriptures: hiiubly drdl- 

I catod lo the VJco-Ohaiicellor and iho Heads 
of Houses, by the t^hnver.' This pamphlet, 
written in ai^liri(;u] vein npon a * ivjtt taken 
from (lit! •* St. Jnwipn'n Uhronicle " of Thut»- 
day, 17 March 17tt8,' relating to tbo cxpul- 
fiiin icf. Gfnf. Mn;i. I7t(j*, pp. 2-i.'.,410),ran 
throuph eleven fditiona in eight montlw. It 
wns followed by ' \ Further Defenco of 
!*ripatrraft, !)cin(j a Practical Improvflmenr 
of the Shaver's Sermon on iho ExpuUion of 
Pix Students, &c., occsviontHl by n Vindicn- 
lion of that piouH act, by a .Member of iha 
Lniver»ily,' oth etlit. 17(51^. This was nn- 
•••wf r«l hy ' Thi! Shaver PlmviNl by n Malri- 
ciilnted Itjirber.'Londnn, I7*i!t, 'The Shaver's 
New Sermon for the Fii.«t Day, by Pafquia 
Slinveblock,' 6th edit. I7yri, appunrs to be 
by MacjTowan, although the preface to this 
edition IS dated 'Darbent' Hall, 17 I'Vb, 17M.' 
live veart af^rr hi« death, h. 'Familiar 

^ Epi^tVa to lh« Itev. Dr. IVioetley, by tbe 



Aiuhorof "TUo ShavorV y«:'mjoii,"'I^iidoa, 
1771. «. 'Th*- Uilit of J.>s*-f.b, the Son of 
Isnvl/ ta fi^^lit )f>K>k(-. L^nJoii, 1771 ; in tua 
bookft, witb ■ fruutiBpieo?, dinltcnti>(l ti> the 
Iter. Dr. Ilonywood, ITOtt. Thia hu been 
{rvqavntlj irprtntod, kin! w«« tnuislitvd ioto 
Gaelic bv Patrick Macfartano [q. v.], OIas- 

fjw, 1831. 7. 'SociDiaoism broufrlit to tte 
e*t, &o., JTi A s*Ti« of TwontT Ltttors to 
l>r. IVieslUy.' AnRnsw«fto'A Free Address 
to Prolcslajit L)i»£t-Dt«n' (17(58), London, 
1<<3. Fi. 'A uuhuus Lottcr to the liev. 
S. B. IUack«t, occasioned by his Sermon 
■Kaclwd before the nuhop of Exeter at tho 
Conwentioa of f>t. Aubia'i) Church, Ply- 
moBth.' 9. 'Tike Foundr)- Iluil^iet opened, 
or til* Axeaouni of Wuelevoul^m disdoMcl,' 
ft nply lo W. RelloD'a • bidvniM of Ood'a 
Sot^reiffoiy a^iiul the ABjteninnfl cast upon 
tK.*b)rllColi», I»ndon, l/W; aDoth«rmlil. 
r]uiia«st«r, 10. * DiBOoams on tho Book 
jof Bath, and other Important Subjects,' 
edited uid prefaced by the Iter, J, Reynolds, 
1781. 
Aeoltectad edition, consiitting of' Inrt^ma] 
LOmfitnnoet * and four DCh<;r of MaCj^uwan'o 
,iritb portrait and illu.itrati(m!i, wo-i 
•oon aAvr bia doatb, London, im 
Anotlwr,contaiiniig ninv of lhftabaT«, 
waa pubUsbed in 2 vols. London, I8i5. 
•CTiuirli and Kin^,' a thauks^vini; sermon 
for W May, hy I'diiqiiin Sbnveblock. London, 
17!^ altnough attributed to Macgowan, 
teina tmlikdy to be his. 
[ Kcndrii-k's I'rofilcB of Warrington Worthiea, 
p. 9 : WiUdd'r }(i«orr of DiMUtting Chntvhva, 
i. 44S-J3 ; Hatkvit an<L Lainafa Diet, of Ason. 
and P^niion. Lit. ; N'ot<« and dueriM, 5tb ttor. 
*i. 5ilO ; Hntlaa'fl lixt of LMOCSnliire Anthom, 
p. 7$ : SmniMi an ATae^waa'* dcnrti by BmJa- 
nin Wallin. a&d FaiMml Oralion bv Samuel 
Ftennetl, Il.D . Lomlun, 1781.] C. F. S. 

MACaBADOIOH, AUGUSTIN {1349- 
l-IOSy, aUo called Magraidin (O'Doxdvak), 
Sio^^ritdian, and MneCmilbtU'llElLLT), Irisli 
cbtunicU-r, invbably u natini of Muatb, wa« 
bom in 134!t. ile entered tbe convent on, 
<Mlm-na-naomb in Loch Rc«ofthe Shannon. 
'■Dd bKane a canou-iVf[ular of St. Aiutio. 
He became famou* an a acribe,and was versed 
m secular *s vreil na reliifious leamiu^. Uo 
«aiitiniied t )><< annaU of Tiiflx'nmaCli O'ltrinn 
[q, T.J to the y^r llu5. and his death is re- 
Qunl«a in those annals by a subsequent band. 
Tlifi<yClerrs (.1 itnaia Jiio^harktn Eirennn, ii. 
704)in*ealnnK ex tract from Q book writ ten in 
pAK byhimandcallf^d'LiubhnrftnOilt>n,'t>tit 
u. is not curtain ibnt this, wbich it n'jt now 
«xtan1 separately or iu full, it a ditferent 
worlt from his continuation of ' Tt^heamack* 
Sotno liTcs of lainta which he is aaid to ban 



written, have not beun idontififid In modmi 
times, but are probably in exi;it<.nii'^>. He 
diiKl in Ih« last woek of October 1-I0& at 
Uilen-iia-naonilt. 

(0'C'u.tTy'Blji'Clure«, 1,7s, and AppMtdiiKXxix., 
vhufv hU otituary DutitNt is givea in Irish ; Ao- 
ealn UingbautiUL RirAunn, nl. O'Dooovnii, ii. 
74fi ; Colgiiirs Acta Swicioram Hibi-niiiit. p. 5; 
Ware's Writers of Ireland, ed. Harris, p. 87; 
Tnui&artious of Uib Ibyrno-CcltieSooirty, 1820, 
i.2l; UCuuar'i>Jt(>ruiuUibcruictu'uniSoripiorui.| 

S.M. 

MACOBEOOR, Sra CHARLES MET- 
CAI.FK llH.lO-l887)pmQJor-ffeneral.boniat 
A^a ill IHiO, oeoond mju of lioberldutUrie 
ilucGregor, was brou^lit up iu F«rtli»bin» 
and wae educated at Marlborough C'olle^, 
;\s ensign in the ft'lh ItHnnnl N.l. be was 
pnrsL'ut at the outbreak of thn Tniiliny at 
Firorjjur in lH.'i7, and took part in the pui^ 
Buit of the 10th light ca^iilry. Tie vrtia en- 
^Hp^ in the Qnal operations at the 6ie;f» of 
IVDiiiAcrompanittd I .'olotiel tiflmtrd*B column. 
nl the takini; of llewari, at Kanaonda, and 
in tliu action of Xamoul, "n-here he captumd 
n torn, culliuf; down one of the gunners. 
Mnciirepor next dis[ingui^>hed liim*elf, when 
under SirT. iSeaton's ci^mmond, in hand-to- 
hand combats at (Jangeri, PuiJaJi, nnd Mani- 
puri. lie also served with I^ord i'lydtt's army 
lhr<in^houl thii iiiegw and storminjir of Luck- 
nnw (whf?re his .^ItW brolh(»r had n'ft-ntly 
diL-d during tlio di^fence of ttio re*id(*ncy), 
and kitlfd a .Sopoy aff orn desperate eneountwr. 
He accompanied Sir llopti (mnt's force to 
the north ot* Luehnow, whem be fought tit 
Kari, and thfji in muny ut hur minor 9kinni!iheJi 
waa nlwaya noUc^ablit for hit ^Ilanl disro- 
pun] of dnngor. 

In Auirunl 18fi8 Mnirflrt-ijor was given tile 
commann of n squndmn nf Hodson'n home, 
and id^er cruesing a river near Dariiabad, 
under n heavy flrn-, with only nevcntv sabres, 
he charged the enemy and capturi>Hl a gun, 
lii» honw b^'in;; klth.d and himself severely 
Mounded. On nM-ovi-ry he rejotnnd Sir Hopo 
Grnut's force, with which ho was pr^amit at 
tli<; |Hi«Aagu of the Gogrn, in actions at 
AVuzirgaon, Mochligaou, Uaukafia, and in 
the operations nctwa the linpti rivrr. In 
lf*o9 no led the ad\-ance guard of Sir A. 
1l<ir>ford'j< expedition, charged the viiemv 
three times at 8arwii^bat, where ho killc>d 
four S'poiTi in hand-t»liand fight, having 
bin hnrsii wounded. Subioqucntly. while 
serving with llrigodier Hi>ldich'8 column, lio 
captured Mnrad Baksh. t he famous relxd cbit<f, 
who hud opened linj on ihv Eugliiih women 
at Cftwnpore. In IKtJO .Mai^Cin-^ir, hnving 
joinud Fanv*ehor«D( no wL&th Bengal lanccrfi), 
aerved in it through the campaign in Cbioa. 



* 



MacGregor 



. MacGregor 



• 



At Sinbo he c1iar:(;ml tho Tiirtar eavidr^. 
tliiTfhT ■nviiifr Hlnrlinfr's balli^ry, wns yery , 
8RVf!r*>tv wounded, nnil uperinlh' rm."om- ' 
muiKi'.'d Pjr liisj^TiUiiiitry. iStill piifltiriiig from 
hi.t woiintlKi hf> tftnk parr in the tizhting near 
Tungchow mid al the capliiry «f I'ykio. | 

On n.-liiniini; tr. India in Isiil Macfircgor 
was made f(>Goud in comm&nd of Uodeoa'a 
hor*e (lOth Kciipal cavalry), with which be 
elnycd imiil \Siii. In ^S*ii ho survod wtlU 
flt-iH-ml J>imMford'!i column of t!io Bhutan 
fiL'ld f<iri^< as hrlgaclL'-miijor. iLnd was tioviTuly 
wuuudt^d at ihi us»iiuU uf Daluiukol and 
ag&in ut Uhnuinrchi, Ilala (iinothcr dangeroiia 
wound), and >'iigL-'li. ilccouductudnuariDi; 
neon nit.M.tRnro front DnLmah 1i)Chin\n|.',nnLl . 
was mentioned ia despatches. Jle was aj»- 
paint«d deputy mwiwint qunrtemiaater-grn*'- 
ntl of ihc <'»v«t«ni frontier, on the conclusion j 
of (lie cumpaiirn. | 

In !*Ht7 8 MacGregor was otnployed with , 
ihu udvancvd itaii.t>l evcoauoktmif with tbo ' 
AbyHAinian exp^liiion under Sir Robert. 
KspiLtr, and took aii active purt iii thu liffht 
«t Amp mid at tU« i-jipturo of Ma;(dula. i 
III 1 K68 Miicf iregnr was i>npgvd in twiupil- 
ing the ' (_)saett*»r of Cnnlnil Abik ' for th«j 
Indian govi'rnment, The work ooeunietl him 
live yt.'iiM. after which he was employed a» 
direftor-|.-oni':rnl of irnii»pr>rt duriiij? tb«' 
fiiniinu in Nirrlh tU-tiar. Jlewas member of 
tJit' iirdiiancp coiamiiwion in 1874, and ii«t'i»t- , 
ant <|^imr[L'nniisli'r'|,'un(;nLloftbt:KawalPijtdi 
divi>nin ill l-Vlirunry lH"o. 

In April ](?7'> MiLcGroffor mado nn ndvun- 
turoiiH ridu by uri unknown nutfl from the 
IVrsinn tiulf to Aiirokbe, within a fuw miles 
of Herat, in order to obliiin jufonnntion con- 
cerning tli« Afghan frnnl.icT. Pmrw^dinjf tA 
Eofrland, be was ijaxetled n companion of i he 
Star of India, anJ at LordSali^hiini'.srt'qHpst 
undertook a yrt more hfizardwua exploration 
tbrtmgli Kaluchixtan in compnuy with t'ap- 
tnin l,oi-kwood. This n-sulta of these travels 
werfpnhlishedin two wnrkujvii. 'Narrfilivu 
of H Journey through t)io Province of Kho- 
muftn,' 187S, and ' Wandi-riuffii in ItiiUi- 
cliistan,' 1882. At thfl commence input of 
Tiiu HL-eond Afi^hnii war, in lH"ti, MaeUrL-^ur 
wag vnCnisled with special duty, in charjfinif 
the Khaibar line of commuiitf-ntions, and ba 
was wilbfiviuTftl Mrmdii'sexpeditionapnln^t 
Ihi* Zttkhii Khels iu the Uazar Vollpy as chipf 
oflhL'fitaH'. Later hu wa» ftpfioinlwl chief 
Dfthi'BtiitrinSirSiixniiil Browne, with whom 
h« madt' iho advance from Jalalabad toOau- 
damali: and aftiirthe conclusion of the trpaty 
he coDdnc-tffd the armniptinentB for the ralirt.'- 
ment of the Peshawar Valley fudd force until \ 
it was broken uji. He received the order of | 
tiio Indian Empire iu 1^78, and was made a 



C\i. for tbt" Afghan campaign. When tbo 
second p)in.«» of I !i« war brokeoiit , MncOri^gor 
was uDpuintcd chief of the staff to Sir FtisIo- 
rirlt Kohrrtis, accompanied the advance from 
AUKUpI in Knram, across thi'Hhtitargardan, 
and took an aclive ehare in the nclion of 
CliarARia, capture of Cabul, and occupation 
of tbs Shcrpur cantouinent. Un II Dvc. 
1H79 ilac^fpeffor recaptured from the enemy 
the four abaudoncd ^ins of Smijlb-WincU 
hcim'a battery at Kii1u-j-Au!iiiarout!iidx('ai)u), 
Find took a lending piirt in the defence of 
Sherpur mid the tiubfletiuvut lishtin^' in 
Mnidan and WanlaJc. Whmi Kir Donald! 
Stowart arrived from Kanduhar. SlacOreiror 
hcr.nnn! his chief of thy staff until the defeat 
at Maiwnnd. H" nftorwanla comtnaadcd 
tlm .Srd infantry brigade of .Sir F. Roberta's 
Kahul-Knndalmr fin-Id force during thctiying 
march to Kaoduhiir, and at thv filial victory 
over Arub Khan's army on the banks of the 
AnfunJab. 

At the close of the carapatim Maeflregror 
(uuu- brigadier-penoral) tnarcTied a coltuon 
through thii Mitri couiUry, and on ri<4iirnin^ 
to Sinilu received the kniglil.hooil of t-be 
Bnth and was mnde qiiartermaster-^ueral 
in India. Procoedinjf lo England Iw euppr- 
intended the compilation of th« ' Hiaton' of 
the Second Afghan War* (6 voU. It<S&-6>, 
which was, bowovur, Buppnjwted by the 
Indian government. He retunied to India 
in If^Si, Diirinp Lia tenure of office the 
intelUuence di-parl rai-nt wa* bmught to a 
high pilch of perfection, and means for tha 
apaady m'ibilimlion of amy currn in case nf 
emergenry were -Br^t organised, Madin^fMr'a 
work.'l'hL'Defunceof India,' privately printed 
in IBRl, was anhnowlcdged to be the most 
perfect work of its kind, but was rigorously 
niipprcsicd bythcgovcrumenl. In 1883 Mac- 
<tri;(for waa appointud general ollicor com- 
mandini,' the Puiijiib froutiiT force, b«t hi» 
hoallh soon broke down, and he died at Cairo, 
a few Jays after his promotion to lht> rank of 
miijor-gBncraljOn BFeh, lf*M7. Ilishnctywas 
hniiiglit toScutbiod and interred atOlenple, 
on thpftliori'sof Loch Katrine, in higanfi'stml 
hurving-ground. Lord Dutferin, a personal 
friiiid, nniil of fieneral Macfiregor : 'Not 
amonu: tlie many diftin^iinhed cnptains I 
have Imown could I mention one wlio came 
roarer — in mftrtiftl bearing, lore of his pro- 
fi«8«inn, devotion to duly, and knowludgo of 
the art of war — to the ideal of a powerful, 
chivalruu* warrior,' 

Mncliregor married first in 1809 Franr«i» 
jVIurv, youngc&t daughter of Sir Ilenrv r>ti- 
rand; she ditd on passage to England, 9 Mav 
1873, leaving one daughter. MacGro^r's 
second wife, whom be married in February 



1883, and wbo survit'ed liim, n'fts CEisrlott-; 
AlorVf Accond dftUfjhUT of Fr<.-^riek W. Jar- 
dine. 

[Tlir Uh an4 Ofiiaioa* of Uajor-Ocnenil Sir 
Charles M«ifttlfe ^MGngar, Qn&R«rmaBWr^ 
OiwnU. in IwliA. edited hy Lailj HiteGngor, 
S rda, ISflS. iDcIodinc a bil>liugnipti5 of lb« 
mmermu prafeasional in«rooits publishod bjr 
OMcnl MaeOrcRur.] S. V. 0. 

SIAOaREOOR, Hm QKEUOK C/- 
1617), callinK himself his Iligtmeas Qrepor, 
Cftciqup of I*oy«i?, 9oMtli Aiiioricnn udi-nu- 

The Utter enlitted in tfaa Uluk Wau£, tlian 
SenpluUV hi^hlsaden, and yna callwl in 
GftUleltT'liiiicoaindca'QrcgDrUwBe&iitiful.* 
Wtieo toe r^nieot was first ordered to Eng- 
luid in 1743, Gregor'A gnnd&tfact and ta-o 
QtiiL-n wen aont oo id advaace lo Londan, 
«n tbal Qmmvr Hi wbo was on thi» poini of 
starting for llu.' cuDliuf^nt. mi^bl tfx io-an: 
•oldimnf the rvniment b■^fo^B leaving. Ono 
of the mm died on the rood^ at Aberfeldy. 
Mac y r e g o T and the at bpr wmi paraded before 
tbsni^; at St. JamoftV, and enerdsed with 
Clw bivadsword and LochaWr axi>. Itnth 
g ftwi rarda rou to commUnioiu : Mac^rcgor, 
vho ffabseqoontl^ joined anolber regiment, 
AsallT M>td out of the ftrmy, and became laird 
of ImcrartUnti in BnndaLbaiic (^^tewabTi 
SeottuA Iliffkiandfn, i.'iXln.'\ 

Hie grandson ia said to havs bpcn at one 
time in the British armj. .^cforditiji tn hiH 
ovn wcoont ( Erpdsiri'in liorumfntada, kcS), 
liew«nt out to Caraccaa in t^U, to settle and 
•id in ihe rtnipglo for South Amorieu) ii»d«- 
p«ndfno». IltituarriodaSoutbAmericanUdr, 
tUx S«iiora Joa^a Lovcra, who accompantea 
him in bU snbcnqiient adrttntunw. He lost 
next of his jnMjmrty in thu 1«ml>le Mirthquake 
atConreasin Marrh IBll}. S^rnn aftvr lie 
became colonel and iiitjutant-penKnU toGena- 
ml Miranda, and stiboequentljr commandant 
ffeneral of tho caralry and general of brignda 
m tht VeQ««uflan army. In the tenewed 
Knig);l<> f"r indupendence under Simon Roli- 
TV, eoiamfnciog '" ISlS, hi> rcjwrtti-div dis- 
tii^tiubed himaulf, particularly by hij skilful 
ntoWl Crum Ocumarv to Barcelona, with a 
handful of men before an overwhelming 
fereeof royalists, in 1^10: and subtH^ii^ntlv 
in th« hattlw of r>nota, ChaguaramM. tjue- 
brada-bnnde, AlacT«n, and especially in tba 
memorable battle of Juncal. In 1H17 be 
ITM nromoted to tbn rank of general of divi' 
•ion in the Veneiuelan amy, and ntcvived 
the special thank* of Bolivar and the in- 
•uma of the order of Liberatadores (ift) 
lfaCBre«tf was suhsoquratly en^'AjTod in 
■IU1&7 miboalflrinB <>ntor^rises. In 1@17 he 
took pOMMMOn of Amelia Island, on the 



Florida coiut, wlu^rh belonpfd tofipain; and 
in ldlt>, eluding the vigilance of the British 
authorities at Jamaica, lie mudeudwcvatoo 
l*nerto Hello, which ln» raptwrod, but waa 
snbsequeutly aurprii!<>d and had to fl.v. In 
18*21 he appi'srs to have quitted the sen'ico 
of Vcim iiida — by that tiim; a part of thu 
republic of Calooibia — and si-iiIikI among 
the t'ovais Indiaiii>, a warliku Cribo on the 
MijM}iij[o aIkiiv, wh^r« Lfj (iblainwl a tract 
of fiTtite cnnmry and adopted the title of 
Cncimw. He uncoiiniBvd tradv, trstablished 
schoolH, piMJpcti'd a mnk (tho notps for 
which were engraved by ^\'illiam llonis 
Lizars [q. v.] the engra>'«r), established a 
Mnnll army, and on 1-1 April ll»21 stnitcd 
for Kuroj>e, as he stated in a proclamation 
to his ftubji'Ct*, ■ forthepurprwc of procuring 
relii^ious aud moral tnslructorv, tuu ituplt" 
mi>nls of husbandry, and porsous to guide 
and aeeiai in the cultivation of the soLL' 
The proclamation also declared that no per- 
son but Iho honest and industrious should 
ftiul nn usvlnm in ihc- FovniNlerritorv. The 
laltflrU n'jillyane of the healthiest and most 
productive psrts of Ontral Ameriea, but the 
attempt, to infrnducp Scntii.th immigranta 
proved n mist miierahle failure (see fieot* 
Map. 18^% pp. 324 31), and a loan obtained 
by Macgrt'gor frtim I/^ndon boiioea was never 
paid,ciiher interest orprincipal. Miichand 
not nndi-ser\'ed obliquy fwll on Mocprpffin", 
but h*' prolishly bunKStly bHlifvt-d in the 
feasibililyof bisschemee. Fifteen Vflars later 
lie pulili»li>*d in London a ' Plan of Constitu- 
tion for the Mo^iiito Ti^rritor)- * (l*i3ti). In 
a memorial to tlio V'enemelan government, 
datcdfromraraccn^Ln l.Sf&,.Maci;n'eor refers 
to the miafortuiti>a which bun: hvlalluii bim, 
and uppeflled for nsl oral isnt ion in the nt- 
public, and rcHlonitlon (o his former mili- 
tary rank. Th« V en tutu-el an pivt-rtimriit 
granted bis req^uests, and directed that, in 
vii'w t}{ the very irrainenl wrvices rendered 
by him to the cause of South American in- 
dependence durinp the wars of 1812-21, be 
Kepe*i(ired to the rank of general of division 
with his former senioril]r> &nd that n mm of 
money be granted to him. lie is believed 
to bnvo died at CaraciNis a few yoare later. 

[Strangway's Slutrh of tha Itfoeiintto Shore 
(Ediabar^, IS'^3), vbich hma n pnrtmit of Moc- 
ENBOr. AiuoBg many pam[>hlQU In Uril. SIos. 
Libr. respecCJDg Macgregor, the moat interMting 
imabriof aocaunt ofthe Paerto Bella cxpcditiao, 
attriboted lo Sir John B««\ot. vhidi compara 
with tbo bitterly written aerount in MsmoiM 
of OoIoQolFmDciflMscetOtii.voI.iL; A LetUriu 
Dafanre flf Hugrte^r, signed ' Verax ; ' and the 
Caraeeas BlMKorial eatitled EiponctoB Dnea- 
aientada, &c., Canceas, I8S9, Sro.] H. iL C. 



MacGregor 



96 



MacGregor 



MACGREGOB, JAMES (rf. 1.561), rtenn 
of Lismori'i w ■ ''1- '"n "f Hi'ut'aU Johnstjn 
(l\uf »im of .1 1! :. i "il;;. < ir.vur by lii« wife, 
a. daiiphttirof DuniiKl .McClnwc, atia» Orant. 
Tliiii umnrK wf tlio Slnrllrnjriirs Uvi-d at 
Tiillicliniillm, a liiii&e at Foninpall, PltIIi- 
abire, and owntd in peqK'tuity llin vii-araf(ti 
of Ft>rt.iii|?iill wifli A Icaw of the chutvh 
lands. The falUer was a notary public, nntl 
died after ITi^U. JamcrswAS innll probability 
only in iniiior orders. Ho was a nolnry 
public iu iril|,n-aadeaa of Lifltnon; in 161 '1, 
nnd 8U(!tiCMlL-d his falliur tii tlie ricoroge of 
Fortiu^all. IK'di'Uiliii 1^51, aad was buried 
in the chureh nt Iiiclmrdin. Up wm mar- 
ried, and Lad iL suuCircporMacQnjgor. Two 
naIiinil!K)us,(in-i^)riLii(1 IJougalUwere natu- 
ralised in 1557, Dougull being nt that tituu 
cbaiici'llor of l-ixmure. 

Janifs Mardrpgor collected Gaelic poetry, 
and with the help of bis brother Puucim Irnii* 
Bcribodwhar beg-nrhpredinto a commonplace) 
boolf, which forms a miarto of about -SI 1 
pnffca, written in a Roman hand. Thi» 
volLmo, most o( which ws* transcribed ns 
early as l.'il^, came during the eightfrath 
century into the poe^eeaLou or (hu Hi);hliiud 
Society nf T^inibiii, froim which it imswd to 
the tfiphland Society of Scullanu. and is 
nowin the Advocate'* LiWnrjiil Kdinlmrpli. 
A Tolinnc of sMcctiona from it waa edited, 
with iiH rti duct ion, notes, and tmnslatioii, by 
Thoinna McClauclilan and William !■'. Sitfne 
(Edinbunrh, ItfUJ.Svo). It is of great pbilo- 
loj^icaj. Tftliie, and illuKtnitcs the relations bt- 
Lwotf n We»tcrM Scoiluud aud Ireknd frona oa 
early dale. 

[Riidon of the Boan of Lismoro's book by 
JdcCliiui'blaa and Skeiici Proc. Sac. Antiq, oF 
Beollaad, 11. i. 35; Dublin Uoiv. Ung, Ixiii, 
M sq] W. A. J. A. 

MACGREGOR, JOHN (1797-1857), 
Btati.tlimnnndhiAlomn, cldu!t son of David 
MacUrvn'Tyf l)rvni«, nearHtornowav, Kos*- 
ahin-, born al Drynie in 1707, emifftated 
as 11 young; man to CanAda and wttled in 
Prince Edwnrd Talimd, wliorc he beciimrt a 
in«>mb(;r of ihe House of Assembly, and in 
\&J-i served iheolHceofhifthsfaontf. IlenUo 
travelled throuf^li preat pari of Rritiah Xnrtli 
Anaorica and tliw UHit«d 8lates, cnllectinB 
fttatisti(^<i. DnhisrrtumtoEuropi? about 1^28 
be publisbod ' Iliatorical aiiii Dv^criptire 
Sketches of the Maritime Colonies of Uritish 
AmtTiou,' Loudon, lt<28,8vo and 12uio; and 
'Obi«i-n.-iitiniiH on Kinignition to Drilifih 
Atnprica,' London, 1820^, 8vo. In iNlObo 
made a tour on lh« continent of Eiiroiw, 
a narrativi^ of which he piibUslied, under 
the titl« ' My Note-book,' in 1635, London, 



3 toIa. 8to. In concert with his friend JaoMt 
Deacon Uume[q. v.] he projectod in 1S33 1 
TUt work un the commeroinl atatifltic* ofaO 
nations, the compilation of which orcnpitj 
him during the next sevan yi-ant, in the 
cour»o of which ho vLait^d moitt of tho 
countries of Kuro|N<. In 1W{9 h« repnacrnttd 
the Britit^h govuRiment in the nfif^ttationi 
with tlin kinjjdiiin nf Naplw for a revision d 
the romrnprrial tiv^aty of iHlfi. In 1840 he 
aiiL'Cfeileil James Il«BCon Hume as one of 
the joint mNjrfterit^* of the board of trade. 
A fitroDg free-trader, he prompted Joaeph 
Hudih's motion f^r a select committ^.'v on 
imparl diities, and (favo Mridrace befon- die 
committee (July ItAo), which wa* felt its a 
severe blow to protection. During his tenure 
of oHico ho embodied tbo results of liii 
statistical researches in twenTf-twn psrlia- 
mvntarj- rqjorta oa 'Commercial Taridsand 
Uegululionit ofthn hkvitiiI iStates of Europe 
and vVmerica, together with thn Comtncrcial 
Trt'atiH!8 between England and FoniiffB 
Countrica,' puWi-thed, with apprndii, m 
8 vols. 8vo, London, 1841-W>; aud in'A 
Digest of tliR Productive Rceonrcea, Coift. 
mercin! Le^itdniion.CuMotnsTariOH.NaTtgi- 
tion, Port andQuarantinc Laws and tTbaiyftt, 
!5hippii^f, Importe aud K.<tpurlt, and the 
Monies, Weights, and M"a»nm» of all 
Naliunt), including all Dritisb Commercial 
IVfjitir-s with Forvign Stat4M, colloeted from 
Authentic ICecnrdfi, and consolidatnd uitb 
t'spL'cial reference to British and Forvign 
Pmdnctfl, Trade, nnd Navigation,' l>ondon, 
18M y, a vols. 8vo. 

On the repeal of the corn laws MacGregor 
threw up bitt jiust at ihu board uriradi>, and 
entered [larliameut (July l>vl7) an n]4>mb«r 
for Gliu^piw, which conitituencT ho repre- 
scntt^d tintil shortly bi^foni hi^ death. U9 
spolio frequently on commercial, DnnnciiU, 
nnd colonial <)iR'«tiona, dreamed of a {dace in 
the cabinet, and establLtbod tho reputation 
ofaborv. He was ihe principal |>roii)ii|i^ 
and sometime cliuinnanot thenoyal Unlbh 
Uanlt, incorporated by royal clwner in 1^9, 
which, tbniigh far from prosjit-rous, hn 
<!tfr«ifjiou8ly]jufl"wl in a chapter on 'Ranking' 
cotiiribiili'd iM Fro-'dievB ' Money ' in 1^)9, 
Ho wan also a party to the puliliruiion of 
aeeoujite which cuncualed the true position 
of the hank. It slop[ied payment in Bnp- 
tvmljcr 1850, and MacOregor, who had abft- 
condi'd shortly linfiit^, rliud at fitmlogne on 
23 April lWi7, indebted to the bank in tio 
sum of 7,3tli/. 

llp^ides the works mcntionod above, Mae- 
GrcRor published: 1. ' Urttish .\nieriea,* 
Edinburgh, 1832.:i vols. 8vo. 2. 'The lie- 
sources aud Statistics of Ttationii, tutltiUtiag' 




MacGregor 



tlM Geognphiral Piuilion md Nittitni) Ro 
■ntroee, th*! PolitirAl SutUiirA, incUi<)infr 
thp OnrcmimnljIU'veinie, ExpenJilurc, ibe 
Ciril, ^[ilila^v.atlli NatM Air«ir*, tln-Mrmil 
StstisticF, including IMifionaixl Education; 
th« Mfilical •Stati«ticd, iDcludinc C-omparu- 
tivo Monulity, ke. i and the EconomicaL 
StAt iblk'-A. includiug A)|pri culture, Mantifac- 
torwi, XkvifBtioB and Trade, kc, of kU 
Ootutnei^' London, }S.Vi. Hxo. S. 'Thn 
CbBOurcul Hod Fioancinl I.iegiKlAtion nf 
Eutopv md Amv^cii, with n Pro-forma Re- 
naion of the Taxntinn an^] ihft C'ii»u^ms 
Tuiffof tile United KiuRdom,' London. 1^1, 
6*0, 4. 'The I'lvferenoe Iiitcuvste, or the 
Misoiled Pmtociivc Duties eliovn to be 
Pablic OpprewioD, K<I<lr«Mml to all clasoes 
■nd pulifA,' t<ondon, 1841, 8vo. 6. 'The 
0[xnnii-rcial Ttvalie» Biid TBriOti of IViLwiii 
ud othor Statvfl of llio Gerniouie Union 
of Cusionif,' LondoD. 1842, 8vo. (3. ' I1iu 
PMp«fifl of Ami-rica fmm tii« Discovery hv 
CSfflumbus to iLf year ll^W," London, 1S4?. 
2 Tol». »*rn. 7. ' Ski-trhi-n of rli« ProirrvM 
of Ctrilkalinn and I'uUir Libnrty, with a 
T«nr of tbp Pnlitic*! Condition of Buiope 
and America in IS4''/ London. 1849, 8vo. 
8. * G(>rmBU]r, her lC««ourc)^!i, floTemni*nt, 
UtiioQ ofCustottu, andPowor, onder Frede- 
rick William IV, with a Prvliiiiiuarv Vivw 
oflh<'PnliticftI Condition of Eiin^pK in iH4^/ 
I«adun, 1»1H, 8vo. 0. •Holland and the 
UaUrh CJoiiim.,' Ij)nd<m,I848. Hvo. 10. ' H- 
Baneial Rcfortn, a I>-ttpr to iho ritiKotu 
of Olw^w, with an latroduction and 
Sopplemeniary "Satfn,' I/)n(lon, 1849, 8vo. 
11. '3ketehe«. llistoricaland Descriptive, of 
tik# A ustrUn and 01 toman Empires, iuehidinf; I 
ft Coasice View of tlie RIm and Power of . 
PraMia* aad Remarks on Ruaaia, France, ' 
•nd the reataininf; States of Etirojw,' London, , 
1861, »^vo. I'J. 'ITie Ili*tory of the Briliuli 
Empire from iht- Aoceasion of James I, to 
which ia pnfixad a Revivw of the IVifm'M ' 
at En^nd from the ^xon Period to th<> 
last vr«r of llie n\sn of Queen Eliiob^'lh.' 
London, iKW.-iT.iWHro. 13. '.\ Sjiuhctieal 
View of the Itettults of Recent Commercial 
•ad Finsnrial Le^filation,' London, li<5'.i, 
Bto, 11 'The Madnii Com,' I^ndon, 1953, 
8ro. 16. 'Tli<> Nunotfiy (Question,' I^tudon, 
IftS*"^, 8v'X MnfOr^Ror also Mlit«4), for Bohn's 
*St«ndar<l Library,* Do Lulme's'CotiHtiUitiun 
of England.' with a life of the author, and 
aolM, LoudoD. It^'iS, 8ro. 

Macl^lreffor wn* an able and indunfrion* 
eonpilcr of Atalidlics, a rigorotiA writnr and 
• clear thinker. On the other hand, h« was 
■ utilitarian of the mo«t extreme type, ud, 
id«nti^r'intf civiliwtion with mnti^riul pro»- 
parity, was as unfit to write biatory 05 to make 

TOt. XXxr. 



lacuregor 

it. He was a member of the Academic de 
rindiiFtlric A|^icol«. 

|Tiine»,22And2IS«pt.l8''}Sand 27 April IfiA7; 
ScoLaman,2fi April ISA7; Ann. lUg. 18^;.Cbn>n. 
CApp.) p. 30»; OenL )&g. IBftT. pt. ii. p. 734; 
JifKlfifttu's Life of James Deacon Hume, pp. ii8, 
L'«7,3i7»-<«q.; ALheweam, 18311 p. IS?, I»52 
p. 348. ISlTp. 591, 1B49 p. 369. 18AI p. ». tR37 
p- A69 ; MacOre|p>r's Hiatorical and CvMKriptivs 
:$kelch{>8 of tJia Uaritime Colooiee of IlntUh 
Amrric*; li«jrdn'a liook of INgnitiM. mL Oo- 
knrby. pp. 92-J, fooliKit*; Orvvilla Memoirs, 

fit.ii. voL ii. p. 63: Haieard, 3rdaDr. liii. 13()H, 
iv. k. and xc*-cxliii. : l^»rL INioers 1840-4, 
ReporU from CommifsiuaBni: Eaia^'vrgh K«- 
ri««-. lxxxii,20l Mmq.. Izxznii. &U ; Wilsoo'i 
(<'iiri»t«iph»r Nnttli) Bnaro CritifAl nnd Inijfp- 
naitvo. \sl. 1869, ii, 210; Blackwood'a MiMraiiue, 
xxxi. 007 ; IJa (iRX and Jonen's Knytirt*. iv. &H| ; 
IriinK'a Book of Smtimcn; C>tt, Lihr. Itoard of 
Trade; OauLibr. Fae.Adv.; Bril. Mu». Cat.] 

J. M. 11. 

MACOR£GOR,JUII>',commoaly known 

as l{oU lloT (IHl'o-lSBS). pbilanlbro'pisl and 
IniveUcr, born on Hi Jan. 182u, mis ^m 
of Of.miTal Sir HtmcAn MacOnyrtr, K.CB. 
His mother was ibt; youn(fC6t aaujjhter of 
Sir William IKct(,httrt.,of PriMtontield, near 
Edinburgh. Advenluref ciune to hun tuly: 
Bsa baby hewa^ aiilunrdbound ontbe Kent, 
EttKt IndifttnAn, which look fitv in the Uay 
of Bimiay. An account of the dUiu<ti.T ivas 
publisbe<l by his father in IBi*5, and ntpub- 
lialuid by him in 1860. As a boy lie ma apt 
at mKcbaoica, read hard, wa» a eood cHmbcr, 
boxer, and horaemon, and passionately fond 
of Ixuitinir. Hi" mind early took a strong 
religious bent, and bn was with sotw^ ditfi- 
cully diwiuded from becomiof; a miBaionary. 

J I t!«w?honlinf; was int4.'rruptodbTbis father's 
constant changes of atatiuii, and !iu isaaid 
to btivt.- I]r^-n at seven scboolit in all. amouff 
tbtui at King*8 School, Canterbury. Iii I8w 
b» entered Trinity Collage, Dublin, wberv he 
rL'mninud a yoar, takinff a bif^ pnsition in 
niatlii^maLica. Tfaeiion Ii» went to >i lulor's, 
andin 1^4lprDc«d«ltoTrinityCoUoge,Cam- 
bridp:, ^mduatJnK ns tlurtv-fourth wrnnirW 
in tsir I.M.A. in ISAO), Tie vim called to 
the bar at the Inner Temple in 1801, and 
devoted liimstdf for a time t« 'patent' law; 
faul, being poflseMed of ample means, thrrw 
aside the chances of 8 jRood praclicA and 
derotcd tb^ rtwt of his lilc chionv to foreign 
travel or to active pbilanthroptc work at 
home, with occasional diT«tuon& into lilcraiy 
and uivcbautcal inveetigatione. 

Maclin^rwasin pAriHdarin|;therevolu* 
tion of 1848. la July 184fl he started over- 
land RCrvm Europe to the I^/erant, and on to 
Egj'pc and to Paloelino : Iua tour occupied 

H 



nine months. Tn 1851 i.^ went to Ruuln, 
uid workedeoutliward to Algeria sud Tunis; 
ftftOTwartU crosainK to Canada and thu United 
SutL'9. Betwocn 18ij3 and 1803 liu IttrgAy 
oacmnnd MuimIF with a hludy of inodt-'s tif 
m&rine ^jrupiiWan, which hiii mutlifuiJitical 
ulliiiiiin>!iit» fittml him to iiunitiK*. In order 
l.T ttw.^nniiifl thfl aUfffod validity nf the cl&im 
uiaJy on b".'liulf of lilmsco dy Garay (o Imve 
4Tm[itoyitl itonni fi>i' piirpoiiff* of ninnnrt pm- 
puLsioa in I5lli, he, in the autumn of lS-'37, 
joiu-nevc-d to Simnncit* and cxamiai.'d the 
Spiuii^li urchivi». Ho fouud tliL' umai ditS- 
cuhy gl' oblainiiie fuU info million from this 
aourco, but. his journal shon-s th&C ho vas 
fuirlv iiiti^Uiid that JX* Uuruy mudu uo such 
pr-Lunsirtu. During the ftumnier of 18H5 
MacUiwor Iauachi,-d bia cehoo the Itob 
Knr, andMJU-lcd on Ihn first- of thi>snjioliUrv 
cru'iaea br which he is I>e'it. known. This 
finit Iloh Rov w»« built of oak and t'ovon-d 
fore ftnd aft with radar; nho was 15 fort in 
length by 2 feet 4 inchea; 9 inches deep, 
drew 3 inches of water, and woiphed 80 lbs. 
Tin; puddltf wa» 7 feet loaff; shu carried a 
bauiliiv-) laast, lii^il and Jib, and took bag- 

figL' for tlirw months. Starting down thi- 
hmni?-'', (ind rxiiind the coeat to Dovfrr, 
MftrOreffor ctosai.'d the ChannoL by Btaamer 
ntid nti V igalrdnnptwiirlf of rivers, cannU, and 
lakt'>, tb>' chief of whif^h wore tho Sanibre, 
Meiiso, Rhine, Main, DivniLbu, Aar, MoseUe, 
and Suini' ; bi.v«dL-a lli>! Ukr* Con*tanco, Zu- 
rich, and Lucerne. Lord Abt-cdt'&n, in an- 
other canoe, joined MacGrefror for some part 
of iho distnncc. The vovagi' was pnictieully 
' one of diseoTfrv.' Tht; Ic;^ was [lubllnhi^d in 
18tii)in iho littlu hook 'A Tliousand >tiW 
in iht! Uob Hoy Cjintii-,' tvbicli was pi>rfan)>4 
the mnsl popular work of thts y«iT. ITp to 
that lim^t tht> cnnoehad hardly been known in 
England, and MacUrtfror rany be conaidtirod 
the natron saint of canoeing and caaoe clubs. 
In ]Sl!<3 he mado a A^cond summer holiday 
trip in a tiuwandHmalhtrcvntHj throut,''h part 
nfritirway and Swi-d^in; then by thu Ilaltic 
to Pi^nmark and Sohh^^iwiif-IIolEt!?!!!. imd no 
to tliij Nnrlli Hi'ii rind I t'-liyiilnnd. In 1SG7 
he varied his craft and look liis holiday in a 
email yawl, built to bin own desiffu, nlsto 
chri^Ioneci Ili»b Koy- "" ulartod down tha 
Thumf-s and croiisi'il f bi> Cliannnl to Franco ; 
thence, after some sailinc on tb« riverm, be 
cnmpbacktotholaleof Wifrht and eastward 
nlotiKtiin *outh<;oa»t1o Loudon. In Jiovcm- 
her ISiWhp oncomorotookiotlif? canoe, and, 
truvi.'Uing by Hlvamer to Alexandria, atartod 
on thi^ most adventurons and iiHrilotu of bin 
voyatf.'s.thrDUBhthaSuGxCanal and down the 
n.'d Sy.i.nnd ihimrrlo l^^U■»line,^avi({ali^JI 
the .Ionian and Lake Qennt'ssrcth. 



Mettnwbile MacOregor had actively pro- 
moted many philantliropio schemes in Lon- 
don. In ll^fiJ he helped to found tbt- Shoiv 
black llriiipide, and tupportod Lord 81iaftes- 
bnry's ofibris in behalf of dealitute cbildrpn, 
becoming Tico-nrceideat of the Rjifrped School 
Union. In l8o3 ha Cook an actiw part in 
the work of the Opcn-Air Mission, and of 
ihnl undttrliikiuH:, «a well a« of the Pur© 
l.itpmture Soeietv and of the Prot^^tant 
Alliance, he wus fur eeveml yeare au hoai>- 
r«ry stcretary, lie was aI«o nn aetiv^ mem- 
ber of tho itrititih and I-'wrei^:!; UiUu Society 
and of the Iteformatory and liefu^v L'niou. 
The ontiro profitK of all hi« works were de- 
voti'd to these and otli<.>r chnritiee, and with 
the same object, after his relnrn from bifi 
last trip in lt*tl9, bu fn.'quvully lecluivd about 
biit Iravids, illiutt rating hiit lectures with 
dia^me and skctcheH of his own. He waa 
twice elected msmber for (_fn»en wich on the 
London School Board {in 1870 and 1873), 
and WHS for some time the chairman of ibe 
tndiLilriot BcbooU committM of the hoard. 

MacUrefforwas an enthusiastic voluiituor, 
and on 16 May 1861, in the early days of the 
muvvmcnt, rend a paper bcfuni the Society 
of Arid (Jnumaf, ii. 47-lJ on the ' liytbe 
School of Musketry. 

Durinij the Inttcryi'sm of liislife, owin^ to 
fiLlIini^ henlth, Im resided at lliKtoambc, near 
Uournemoutb, where he died at his rcaideaoe, 
*Lorhiel,*on Hi.lulv \>>il2. 

Ho married in lSi3 tbe daughter of Ad- 
mind Sir C. <_.atiin, who survives him, with 
two dauf^hterfi. 

.Macdrejiar had much litarary faciUty, and 
was a g;ood drau^htHmun, always illitKirnt- 
ini; bit own book*. Wliile at ("anibridg"' as 
an undirpTidnntfl he contributed tnllie'Me- 
cbani(;s' Mrinaziiii.','!^ I, and s-ut sketclive to 
'Piinelu' Hi* Tceord.tof bi* trawls are very 
bright ly written. Their titles are: 1. 'Three 
llavainthe East,' 18.50. D, 'Our Brother* 
ami Coii*iu.*, u Tour in Canada,' 1M4). y. ' A 
Thoui^and Wili« in the itob Rov Cottoe,' 
IBdtl. i. ' A Voyagu alouo in the Yawl Hob 
Hoy,' 1H07. fi. 'The Koh liov on the Haltic,' 
]h67. 6. 'Tha Rob Roy on tho Jordan, 
itod Sea, and Gennt«aruth,' 18ti9. llo also 
wrots paper* on a variety of mechanind 
quDstJona m the 'Uocb&nicB* Mflgutiae,' be- 
^inninR in 1844 (xli. 9I], xliii. 4'2<i. xliv. 
170, '222, .318, 418, xIt. 500, and others); 
'Kttstern Mti^ic, a Collection of E^yplian 
and SjTifln Tunos,' 18-51; 'An Abridcmont 
of Specillcations rektiug to Marine i'ropul- 
nion,' 18,18. 

[I'riniie iufonmition ; Times obituary. 20Jidy 
18Q2 : L'-tt»'P frvm Mr. Turow in 'nnim ot 
■i'ihily 18&2.] C. A. H. 



McGregor 



99 



MacGregor 



McffitBOOR, JilHX JAMK.S 0776- 
l''^)i liixtorian and lojio^riiplier, bum at 
Ijmt^nrk on ::i Fi-b. 1775. «!.■* brougLt up 

ipn^ ibe mctiiodLsts, autl becomu an nnlviiL 
linportiT nfllirir nrligious priiiciplca. At an 
iy Bce he becauw editor of tliu ' Muu^tcr 
rdegrapbf'pulilUlitMl at Wutfrfurd. Sulwr- 
r^ueDtly hv n-iDori-'l in Dublin, wlit?ru be be- 
Vc«mp wlitorof the'Clmmli AlvlbolUt MsgR- 
ziiif.*tt r|uant'rlypobliotinn,a,n(1 in ls20 he 
WAS a|i|»iiit <tl I ttcnrraMietAiit lo tb« luldare 
PUci' JMufationSocietv. lie died in Dublin 
oa i4 Aug. 1834. 

Jlii priiu--it>nl n-orks are: 1. ' Ilistorv of 
the French ICi^folulinn, u&d of the Wam 
TMAult ina fraoi th»t event,' 1 1 vols, in 
12, V\'iir.-rroni ftnd Ihiblin, liSie-27, 8v<». 
y. ' Narrative of tbc Lou of tlw Sea Uur«i 
TrBn'|>-^rt, CnptAin Gibbs, in the Hay of 
Tratu'ir^ . . . Aibij eonio Account of thn 
Wnvk of Ibe Lord M.-Iviil^- ami niuidic-n 
Traiispt.iriV Wnierl'ord. IHIO, Hvo. II. ' New 
Picturi.- of Dublin,' with mup and Tii>wj, 
Doblm. IbJI. U'nio. 4. 'TIk' llisrorj-, Topo- 
Bpraphr, and .\ntii|iiitii>4 of the County and 
City of Umenrk, with n View of the ITis- 
t»ry Hnd AntiijuiiieBof IrvUud,'2 vuie. Dub- 
lin. l-'i»J 7.WVO (conjointly with the Itev. t*. 
I ■ '!. vicar urC-ubt-reomey^. 5. 'Tmo 

■im tbejlislnrr of In;land,' Dublin, 
1 -I'J ;;::, .'J vol*, l^mo, m ibe manner of Sir 
Walter Sctl'si • Tale, of a Grandfutbt-r.' 

Hi* portrait liAs been on^Tcd by S. Frer- 
tnan fniai a ininiiitura by PuiceLL 

(Ui-rr.'iir bv liii atnt, Jtiita Jtuann McGrojpir, 
M-II.. DaWi'n. 18*0; lowndw'- Bill. Man. 
(Bohn), p. UZT : ticnt. Mag. new Mr. iit. 111.) 

T. f. 

ICACOREGOR or 0&in-BEi.r., liO- 
BEKT. wmmoulv ©Uk-d ItoB Koy (1071- 
I7SI I, bighluud fpoeboofer, the voutigvr Hon 
of Uinald MacOnigur, by hia wifa Margaret, 
4laa^bler<if L'aiu|>beUtifOlm«>nv<!S,a]]dnsl«r 
pQMibly to ilobert Campbell, who commamled 
At thr n)a«<a(.'rv iif Oh-ncw;, was born in 1071 
(ngiatrr nf bapti-iin, 7 March )<i71, iti Bu- 
cbAmn parish, quoted in -ScottUh Anti^Haty, 
Tii. 87). One cotiarquoi>ce of the ill-fortune 
that iivtirtook the Argyll fiunily at the Ite- 
.«(OFat(on «ru tbe repeal in ItMl of the \fvoai 
I acU against, ihc UacGrefrora, but oa ther were 
not r^-^tiired to tbeir tcrriloriea possibly the 
only r"tilt of the clemency wa* to i-nrniinigi' 
tbeirii(dfrvebuotiagpropeaifiitie& ThefathRr 
^ima yuunirerbrolherof tha cbMfof theclan, 
OtTfivir >litcOregor, and a member of th« 
litvp'f Dhu bnnch to which the chiefabip 
had fallnn on thp (extinction of tbo direct 
malir iim-- The father's name fiffuivs a» Livu- 
tenaat-eolnnel AlocGrv^for in the bond of 
•Hociatioo sign«d at tbo cttstlu of Blair, 



94 Aujr. lfW9, the nHnili.'rof ibemen i?hom 
bv brought to support King James beiufi one 
hundrr-d \^ArU <•/ thf Sc»tti-iA I'arliautftit, 
Lv. App. p. "JO I. Ho probably uwt-d biamak 
to Juint'Vs nomiuatiou after the revulutiou. 
llu is tiD doubt idviLtical with ' tliu f;n<at 
robI»i-r LieuteDanl-colonel llacGreKor' who 
on 11 Jun. ]t)DO vres bruugbt a prii^iiLT ta 
Kdinbur^h by a party of l^»rd Kenniiin.i'B 
men (i>tvn and AfeieiUe Papfrt, p. 36H), 
and nliortly afivrwards obtttioed his liberty 
on nmmifung to induce Macdooald of Kep- 
pocli anil Mticdonaid of Qlengarry [see 
JlACbOXKLI,, Al.£#lAlB UtiSti] to comv to 
t«rm9 vitb the ^verum^nt ("Cfr. ]>. 394), 
The freelwotiajf instincts of HoI> Hoy wera 
thii9 Atrcnf^hencd by pnlornal instruction. 
Tin; family held in Itob'a youtb u farm 
'in Hnl([u!iidJer in feu of the Uuke of 
AibuU ' (.VppcndiA (o Bcbt, Ltttert, W. SW) ; 
but illlliint^ch nominally a );ra£ter Kob'«])rin> 
cijttil income w«s diTivcd from thu nulf-ap- 
pninli-d diitv of prntiVtinft thovc who pui^ 
chiiKi>d luH fjoodwill, be himself being |)er- 
hap« the most formtdabl«i robber n^inst 
whom ho ftlFirdtid ]>rot«ctian. lo Iflal he 
or his IJBther was the leader of an excep- 
tionnlly daring raid i*iillr:d th» ' IIcr*»hin 
[hum»liip or robbery] of Kippen,' in wbicb 
ibe cattle were lifted from the byrea of 
lvippt.'n Im'cjlum the viUaf,Mrit bad atu-m|it«d 
lo priMdit the capture of the drove of l-ord 
I.ivinpEtane. But MucGregor had some 
lincture of modem ciriHwitiyii ; his lottcra 
flhow tbnt he hful reoeired a good educa- 
tion, and be possessed many of the beet 
chRrnctfristics of tbe hifrbland gcntlemna. 
IIi.'< r>er-<onal appearance iti best described by 
Sir \Valter Scott : ' liis stature WM not of 
tbo tallest, but. hie penuD was uneommnnl^ 
Htron^ andcompiicl. Tbegreate*! pecnliari- 
ties of his fnsaa ircro tot! breadcli of hla 
abonldrnt and tbe vntat and almokt di«pra- 
nortioiif'd If^n^h ot his arms, so remarkable, 
mdeed, that it wa» said be cmild, wilbout 
aloopiiifT. lie tb^ f^nrtern of his highland 
bose, which are placed two inches below the 
kne«. . . . ilis Jinir wiu dar1(rcrl,tbidf,Qnd 
friulod, and curled short aroimd the face. 
Uia fnsbioa of dress ahowed of course the 
knees and upper part of thu lei;, trhicb was 
di-'scribed t o me a» res^mblioff thni of a bij^h- 
land bull, hirsute, with red nair, and evinc- 
iupmuBi-ulurHtn.<aKttiFimitBr to that animal.' 
Tli>- part t/iken by the Maearegomat the 
revolution, and poasibly their ' aetivitv in 
scenes of plunder," led to the renewal in 
]6M3of the penal Bci-i«cai»st thi>clan. Ilob 
tltcrelbre adopted Campbell as bis surname, 
and durio^histnostactircfreebootinf; period 
cuntuutud hiuMilf with the tiguature ' Kob 



Ki»v' (IV'd Kcih). IK» continui'il to tmcupy 
Bfi]qiihiddf*r, and on the death o( (iregar 
Mucfiivifor in 1093 become for a time the 
nrimhinl hojul of tbc clftn, oa tutor to his 
iic'pliew, James Oraliau of Uleogjie. Id ih.e 
morriiigc conlmcl of liig aepliow he is <Ie- 
noQiinaUMl ' uf Invirniuiiir(ItiVL'r&uuic]); and 
lie tiud ' iicniiirad au iniorent, by purt-hase, 
■wudaet.oroiIiwwiHi', to t]ia property of Cmig- 
Toynt'm,' ii ' dtiniiiiii uf ruck itiiil fonvL lying 
on the east aide of I^och Iiomnnd' (Sru 
Walti;k Snjrr)- i3i«tetTitorylny tiotw^-ea 
poMi^MiifinH of thrt riviil h(iu>>f* of Montjoaf 
and Argyll, mid he eeema to harii mndo it 
Ills 111 m to iim.i Hint rivalry to his own ad- 
vuntag:e. Fur eonm liitiDftd'-rthbrovolution 
be would tiriiii'ar to have beon in fipt^cial 
fftTOiir wit}i Montrose, who had byadvancfs 
of money prieatlj' asisisiuJ him in (.-xtcndiiig 
hifl business as a cattlL'-doalen 

Acconlinj; to & '.Memorandum of Hob 
Roy's DealinfT* in Cattle 'nmon^ ihu 'Mont- 
rosu I'upLTfi.' ho hud for wjveral years traded 
til fariiitfiii}; bljurk (rnl.tln frimi llii» highlani]* 
to tliM lowlands in May or June for persons 
■who had tidtunfed the price in money the 
wiiitftr hofoiv; but 'finding his affairK Dock- 
wanl'in 17 1 1, he ab»i;mide<l with thv money 
to tho Western Isles, 'with tho intention of 
leaving the country '(//m(. M^^S. CVmm-Srd 
Ttt.ip.p.881). On obtnininfrp™mi»uorpr(>tM:- 
tioufrom Jatuos (rnihiun, Qrst duke of Mont- 
rose [<j. v.], to coinu to ti!iisKt>W| htt rt'ltirnod 
ho[n<,',bitt d<-elinod totnkcfnrihrradvnntdgo 
of tiiedukB'.toflirpfi,) In 1712 liigfHsecHUie 
boforu the cHurt of session at Ed inhHrgb,wli.-ii 
it >VH8 dM-lii«iii thnt he "did most fraudu- 
lently withiiniw nnd tifii, wirboul perfonn- 
ing wiyttiinK on his part, and iliereforu bu- 
c&raa nnij m-At iotiAbly a not our and TnLudulfnt 
bankrupt ' ( Buit-ro?r, Vriminal Triah, i. '»'). 
Tti a warrant )p'unti>ct for hiHH.[iprt:'limi«iiiti in 
October 1712 by tijo lord advocate, Sir Jiunt^i 
Stewart, htf is deftrribt-d iw 'a mitoiir bnnk- 
rupl,' who 'by open fraud and vinlercn hath 
<iuiliexilt<d LOTisiiWrtble *axa% of money,' and 
' rtfuflinp to come to any a<7eonnt ' ki'([W him- 
wilf ' witli iL t'uard or comjpany of armed men 
in dofijinei' of the law ' (lliif. MSS. thutm. 
3rd Itep.p. :Srtl). Itut ihn cUn^pl^of fmtidu- 
h'tiL Imnliniptcy was ill -supported, iiob's 
principal enditorwaf tho Pnkeof Montroae, 
nnd liiH aim in avoiding hi» crvditont WM Ui 
kiiiip out. of th(i clutehefl of the law, which as 
a renrewntalive of a proscriljod elan ho had 
p)0fl r«ri.«jn to dn^ad. Moreovnr, an rdictal 
citatioTi WHS on 27 Nov, granlrd againHt him 
b«forahiiicfl£eeame (>nf.irtrii\l (Fokmb*, Z^^ 
cuwn* •>/ (he C<iurt of SfMum, p. fi;W). Ac- 
cording to hid own plaMiibile i~ersion of the 
dispute, OS narmlea in a lutter to John 



.Murray, first: duk* of Atholl [q. v.'i, 27 J»n. 
171S, ha had offen'd Montrose, who waa -h-n- 
dwivouring to 'ruiu' him 'upou the accompt 
of cautionrif, , , . thm whoh- principal »oura 
with, a ycar*fi annual rent, which he posi- 
tively' refused. * The rea*one why he did 
rtifu»u it wtui Ikt sitiit me a prottKHiotiu, and iti 
the meantime that L had the prolectione \i'm 
^[icD thought lilt to procure uju ordiT fn)m 
lite *Ju«mi'<t adviK-atti to l-'uufib [L'«iuiiti"ll 
of Finab] tn atscure me.' 'This,' adda liob, 
' w(iK a most ridicolouK way to luiy ntiblvniaa 
tn treat any man after this manner' (//wf. 
MSS. Oraui. lith Hep. App. pt. viii. p. «.">); 
and lie ingnniioiiJilT siigijwitjt to Athnll to 
' dpmke to the advocatt? to countermand his 
order, since it's contrary to law.' 

During Rob's enforcwl ahsencp t^ nroid 
arrest liis wife and family were ericted in 
mid-wiator at the instance of .Montrose, and 
it was uu leaving ktir komvst^fad thai his 
wife is Said to have composed the pathetic 

fiecfl of pipL' mufiic known a ' Uuu Hoy's 
jamirnl.' Rtib now pla^eil himsi-lf uuder th(» 
protection of John Campbell, first earl of 
Br^Hdnlluuie [cj, v.], nnd gHllifrintr a power- 
ful band of followers declared 'tluit tlie 
estate of Montrose should in fiitiirv supjily 
him with cuttte, and that hi would mnko 
thf duko rut the day be bad rjuarr^^lled 
with him,' A fort erected by the govem- 
mutit lit Inventnuid was aeixiHl by tiira just 
OH it wan compIi!li-d, and utilised for htaown 
safety. For a time he was able tu moke good 
his foot.inf^ in bis natlvn tfrritnry, nnd ibu 
imsinilf-d ar.at<» of the country following the 
death of Que«n .\nne enabli-d hitn to defy 
the law with inipnnity. It i* affirmed that 
he signed his nume to a bond in favour of 
the Pretender, and that thu bond came into 
the liacidB of CumpWll of Olenlyon, who wa* 
ordered to carry it to the privy eouncil, and 
that Campbell and his party were stoppod 
wliitr on the road by a mlniog fona.' umJit 
Hob Roy, and compelled to surrender the 
incriminating docutncnl (Miijak, Hiifoiy 
.-,/ Ituh R,ifj, pn, 8)i-fl). Ilaldatie of Glen- 
eagles, writing m^m Glasgow on 1 Nov. 1714, 
rejiorted that Rob a few ev*ningi« l>«fon> ajt- 
ptari.vl at tlu> CrosnofCnelT, andafterdrink- 
ing to tlie I'retender's health departed uii- 
ecathcd (Z/»«r MSfi. Camm. 3rd Hen. p, Z',%\ 
and on 6 Feb. 171.'> he wrote that Uobat lii» 
last appearance at l^riell' had drunk 'to those 
honest and bravo fellows that vut oui the 
gaudgHr'sear'(i/i.),ftii outrage committed in 
the previous December. Aller the arrival 
in Scotland of John Kr^kino (IG/r.-lTai), 
carl of Mar [q. v.], Hob Kov went north to 
Aberdeen to collect a part of the clan (iregor 
settled in that county, and while there wu 



MacGregor 



lOI 



MacGregor 



«at«RUBed bv hts clansman Dr. Jami-s G re- 
fforTfPfvressarof m'tliritic in King'" Ci'lli-jir, 
Ali^racra (Sir W.vltkh Scdtt). (.hi liiw rv- 
tum et-iulhhccoUi-cledB largt' force of oliinif- 
raen, ami *.-iiin(i the fi-rry-biiftl:' nmi oihfr 
Teuets oa Loch Lomond bniught them lo 
Kowardrnoan. On 27 or 'Ji< Sept, Iil' qiiiitIi'-iI 
m Uir ([irection of ilic fopci-s of Mar lAp- 

/fiVf. .V.VA C<7mm. Snl lJ<.-p. p. 380). liuniiy 
hit •Ibw*dc« tlie lui-ii (if PitiaW aii<l Duiulmr- 
toa, to tbe number af nnc butidred, aaik'd up 
Loch Lomond in four mcn-of-wsr boats, miu 
•ttCCmM in n-trnpluringflif^ \n^nt» tliHt Kub 
BajF bMl BeuKd. TIk' uiirnvtivt>of thd expe- 
dition giriMi tb" Piti*](iy and Dumburlon 
voliinti-<'n th'- rredit of having frightened 
tb<* MacfippRors b_v n vigonnis diftcbargp of 
tin-anns, but in all pmbttbilitj- before tWy 
(indcrUfli tbe f^xpi^lition they were well 
aware that llip Mactire^rinrs bncf left tho dis* 
t rid ( TV it>rA Liimirnd E-rfiFiUtivn o/" 1 7 1 •*>, 
rrjiriidrd anil illtistmtrd frum Original 
Dw-umrnt*, * ^Xa^^vi. I *fM\ AUhoiufli Kob 
Hot follow I'd in tbi* wskr of ttii' rrihrX Hrinj, 
\^ did not actually join it. Kobt>rt ['atttm 
\f\. «.! relates thai nt Sberiffmuir lie ' wn* 
wilb ItU nfn and follf-wvrs williiii n vtry 
litiie (li^lance fnim ti>n Karl of Mar'« onnr, 
Aod when h« wa« dcfircd by n pcntU'tnAti of . 
ilis own to ipy uui lunul lu« frivwli«, hu na- j 

^«wcr«d,"If tbfy oouldnotdo it without mo 
tlirTafaii>uld not do it with me"' {Hut."/ the \ 
StMlion, ex]. 1740, p. 171). Fri«iiil*btp fi>r , 
Anyll seems Hiiefly to have acttiati>d him in 
bo Mi n>r aloof. Wln-n Mur rvttri'ntvil I" IVrlli, 
Rob made a forafj^ing Iviiir in the south on 
liw owa OMonnt. On 9 Dec. be appeared at 
Pntmen. ■wlwrc he proclaimed Ibe I'rcti-uder 
and rifli^ thv trougur'B houiie and lore up hia 
books ( nut. MS& Oamm. (Jrd R«|>. p. STfi ; 
Apt'uiidix to Loch Lomond EijfdiUort, p. SO). 
AJterwanltt ha appeared at Lass (ib. p. !ll>. 
Gnhamof Killeam eamctupwithhim ut thu 
ran of (Vianlaricb, and inndn lui itttempt 1u 
mate him, vh^n Rob, it ia allimied. takin^f 
vp B ptnitinn in«ide tlieJnn door, 'felled t-avb 
utlnider to tb(! gr^Mjiid aa he entered.' until 
bw foUttweis, niahin^ to hia asdbtiincf, rom- 
H'11>^ ih» Orahams ti> nflr^at ()Iili.ar, ii. 
lUT ). Me DOW DMSed coatwnrdA inin Filt', 
mini rin 4 Jon. \t 16 aeized Falkland I'nlace 
^Lc^'A htrnfttd Eifiedition,v.ii\). OnthcaUt. 
at ttif ill-ad of t\«'obunOreu men, he atlacktfii i 
anilfa|<lurp^l a pariv of Ilannvcnana sent br j 
Ctwocral WUIiAm, lir>t varl Cuduitan [i^. v. J, ' 

I %o Ot-ciipy Ih>- TowiTof lialfi'ini*- (//Mr. .WA'-V. , 

Cpwim. .'{rl l!t-i). p. M75), After varioii* raidit 

in I'^irc und Suthng hvi n-tiinml witli hiK I 

follnwnrs in April to Craierov.'iton. I 

While be was aiationed with a small band t 




at Strut lifillan, bis bouse at Auchincbiflallan 
in nrviiiliiibantt tviiit burned by the vnemv. 
He piinly rt^venj^rtl hiRi.<){>]f by firitip from 
iliu rcii'k" and puMca on (he troops as they 
wtTf retr^'nrinjf with tljt-ir l>ioty (Lelt'-r of 
firahuiii of Ivillenrn, II .■Vpril 17l'>,iA.p.S81). 
Jrlirtrlly aftiTwiints the liomi'steads of lileD- 
Cylo and CraiuroyHton wi-n- iib-o clMiruyod; 
nu'l growinjf »•■■>]»■ rntt.-, li'- bv a bold fouf) de 
main miod (iruhiim of KillL-itm while lionitA 
in tbe inn al .Mnnlt-ith colli-ctmg n'lili* for 
Monlnwe. took the factor'HUinnpy.andrefuaed 
10 «t.'1 htm free until Xm paid 8,400 merka for 
lo&S fliu) ditmajT"' donn lo hi!< prnpi-rtv, and 
obtained a promise fnmi MnniniBe not 'lo 
t.roitblr or immi-c'ittt* liobal^erwards (I.etter 
of Ibe Duke of .Mnnlm.*.>, 21 Nov. 1716, 
A. p. S8I I, On tbe i!7tb he, however, net 
(irannm free, wirh Ms books, papers, and 
bonds, but kept tba money ^I^lter of Mytll- 
roB>\ November, ib. p. •W2). Not lonff after- 
wards Montniw, at ih'j (jwiid of a body of 
hia ti?nnnt5, surprised niid captured Uob at 
Itulqu bidder, but tho outlaw <KCapi'd while 
crossing u river at nightfall (JHiK Waiter 
St'oiTi. ITjerwupon llifl Duke of Alboll, who 
up (ill tiiid time had be*^ on friendly terms 
with Kob, ofl'cred to enVs<t hia rapture, ami 
on 4 June 1717, according to ihe duke'a 
own ticoiunl.Hob surrendered to him(//i>r. 
;T/W. Vamm. I2th Hep. App. pi. viii. p, 71). 
Kob ^vo nnotber ven^ioo of bis capture. 
.\ccorJiug to him ihu duhi- arranged ft 
friendly meeting with hliu on 'A .lime at 
Blair < astle, on a promise of eecuritv, and 
bri'ke that proiniM- (^TVolnralionof Itob Itoy, 
i'5 .lune 1717, *. .Ird It.'p. p. .181). (jn 
Jiiutt Hub Iwoke out of prison ot Logie- 
mit, Pmliably tbmitgb the prolvction of 
Ar^iyil, and no doubt by the counivani^e of 
the clanamen, lit,- contrived, by lurking la 
caves or in the woods, to ciirrr on bis depro- 
dations against Mnutrose for Htrvenil yeara 
mon>. Various other instunees, no uoubl 
iniinewhal emlwIlJ-'Ui-d bv I niditiiin, iim fiivon 
of his hair-brt'iidt h escii]>es ( »4>e M ii. LA It, Il%»- 
taiy iif litifi Ifiiy). In nppi-iidix to Millar's 
■History' is rIbq an niiihi"'ntic account of 
the clever eecui»e of Ilendenwn, tie laird o£ 
We»ti*rtijn,fniiiihis('!uU'licii. }|>iwa>tpri-«eDt 
with a nuuil»<rof his followers nt iho liatilo of 
nieiiHliielH. lOJune 17IM. In 17 )9h« amused 
hiuk'iidf bTpi'nninpachaltcngetoMontroacto 
wtlle iheir dispulifi by Hinpl*' combat, which 
be said would «avtt him and the trooiis ' any 
further trouble of si.-archiuj^ ' (Sm >Vaueb 
tH'orrl, I'ltimately. however, Itjnnigh tb« 
intervention of the I>uke of Arjrv'll, a recon- 
cilifllioii was rCTwtM with MonVm"*-, and on 
tbeirndTice Itob in I7l>2.'^>nl n li'lterofmb- 
miasion to General Wade, in which he de- 



• 



I 



cluTcd cliitl wliilie circumstances lia<l forofd 
liim ' lo tftki- part with llie adht'K-tiW of the 
I'rdtendfi-,' Iil- bad ' sent his (irace chp Duke 
of Aiyyll all ihpinlelligenctf'he coiild'from 
time to time of the siri'ii^h and situacioaof 
tile fi'Ih'Is' (ib.) Ho was, htiwever. a[»pre- 
henrlcd, and was for Bomo time confiniJ in 
Xewgttte. In January 1727 h\.< wjw carried, 
hundcuffsdwilh .Iiimra,lcirdOpilvie{rf. l"ll-*>>, 
to Oravesead to be tpansported to Barbndo*, 
but hefore the ship taiU-d thi/y wi'rt'pnnlnfu'd 
(WnX-ly Journal, S4 Jnn. I7i'7. ijuolBd in 
DORAX, Ijimton in Jamhit^ Time». ii. IS-IO). 
For the remdind^r of his lift) hts Uwd pesce- 
fully nt ItiilquhidditT, lii« inynt eventtul ex- 
perience being n duel wilh Stewart of In- 
vcniuhyti'i tu t^iU\v u disputu butu'cin the 
Maflan'ii* urd Mftc<ire|rors regarding the 
po6si?i>si<>n of thi3 farm of Invoriivaty. His 
oppuni'tit hud tlii< iidrantiic>! (if v«i)lli and 
wounded Kob in Ibearm. In his later yeai« 
Koh WM ronxerted (ji cBtliolicUui, IIn dii>d 
on SfltiinJuy. 2H ])ep, 1734 (CaiefioKian .Vrr- 
«trif, quritfd in C'iiambeiib, Dvnwitie Annnt*. 
iil. li'2-t), ond wiia buried in tlie churchynrtl 
of [lnl<|it)iidder. Hii^ t«tametildalivf,yivi.>ii 
lip by his widow, U&ry MacOrepor or Camp- 
ht'U, uiid cunDrniL'd I-Vb, 17'il». is prinlud \u 
Fraser'a ' K.id llc^k <.f M.-iili ith," ii. 44SI-C0. 
By his wife llelien Mary, dnu^hter of 
MacCIrnpurof Comar, bn bad fivL' sonx ; CM, 
Konald, Jnme^, Diinran, and Itoben, Not 
Umg nftiT bis fother'B dentU Ifohert shot 
Slnr]ar.'n nt Iiivf-rniiity wbciiut thoplrjiigh. 
IIo ubscouduJ, and his two broilier*-, Jniaes 
mill I'onnld, wtTi; bmught to triiil for the 
luurder, but oscapi^d on a verdict of not 
proven. IJoliert enliatw! ii) t hi" 4L*iid regi- 
ment, juid aflL-rijblainin|Tbi^difichnrpD lived 
in tU« i\lair(in']f«r ctmnlrv vrifboul miib-xtn- 
tiiin. Jami'.<< dintinguishcd bimsplf on the 
diiiiMifibv I'wli-ndijr in lhp'45, nnr] was nl- 
tiiintt'd fif high treason, hut itnecocdod by 
SiwdL' st^cret means in mohing his peotw wiib 
thrt povi-mnieiil. .Tonu-s, Duncan, and Eto- 
bert were nccuiied of forcibly iihducling Jean 
Key or WHplil, Q young widow (wtio bad 
iiibi-ritod fonie imiprrty by tlii- deatb of lirr 
Lusbaiid), from lier liousu iit Edinbidliis llnl- 
fron, StirlinfTshire, S Jlec. !7riO, nnd enitijwd- 
Itn^ bur 10 uiurry HobiTt. Jnmi.>§wai; Iried 
for his nhnre in thi> r,rinii' on IS .fnly lio^. 
Tlio jury broiigbt in a spmual vcniict of 
guilty iiniliTi'xIi-niiiitinf; circumstance*, but 
whilu llii> iinpfirt of ibn Tcrdici wn* iindtT 
dixruKxiim hp miidc hi? tscnpe, and being •mt- 
lawt'd wr-nt to Franco. whiTc ho died in 
great poverty in (lctobi'r]7ri4. Uuneau, whu 
wiui Irif'd on 15 Jnn, 175^, wan found not 
guilty. Kobt-rf, wlto wu» up^rchended in 
May 17oU, and tried on :^4 Dm. fullowiuK, 



was condeinoed to dnntb, nnd «x<>ruti.<d on 
14 Feb. (TriaU of Jntm; Dnitmn, and A»-l 
frert MacOrvyor, tArre t»ns of /A? vfMiratf^^ 
Jtob Koy, br/ort the High Cnurt nfJiatiriary 
in Oiei/fam 17fl2, 1703, awi !7M)- 

Tlierv i<i nn engraving of liob Itoy in K. 
Mack-ay's ' Mvinuire,' from it minting iit one 
ti[n« in till- [>()n«»-»iiioii of .Mr, ItucliAnnn of 
Arden, Anengravinpfreimapicturfby J. B. 
MjK'doiHild, U,H..\.,in lb.tjiim*«-Mii(mof H. P., 
(Irog of Colfti Parl(, Ilert forrlflhirfl, is pr&-J 
fixed lo Millar's ' History.* A nolic*- of^va- 
rion* relii'8 \» giTcn in .\iip<>n(^ii to Millnr'n 
' Historj'.* 

[Tbonarlicsi llfoof Rob Hoy isTh* llighhiojJ 
Rogue, or the Mdnionilile Actiona of the Cclv- 
hnitcd Rolmrt llatOL-iniip, commOBly wiled Hob 
Roy, dl^Nlcd irtim tln^ MeinornnrJuR) i>f sin Au» 
llicniii'kSi.-.ich MimusiTipt, »iih Prrfaw slgavd) 
K. II., Lomliiii, 1723. This in iMcribi^t to iMniol' 
Defoe. .Sir Waltar ycolt'ji Inlr^idurlioti [n Rob 
Boy contains a viuicty of iafonnatiuD vbt.iiiivd 
from pctvuns aoiuaintfd with the tWolxiotM, , 
lEo is ihn ■qilijwl. nf n. pixim by Wiird«wnrth. J 
Many anocdotce rocorilLil of him elucwbi-;* lia**^ 
born at Iwirt cmbfllishi-d by tmdiiiL.n. Onlj 
two livpji diiMTr« urniJiMnItciiliun: Ulstoric Mt 
nrnirs by K. MncUnj, 2jid <ili[. 18lfl. wi'rinted 
1881. nnd iho llintory t>l Rob Roy. 188i(. by 
A. II. ]llillnr, who !iii% utilisml various [<A)>crs ini 
ibe SIonlTowJ M.S3. cuneciion. cow [mbli-huH m' 
ihi: ^i»l,MK.S.CoI]lln..^^l R.-p. Further infor- 
ntalion ix ci^ntnloetl in tlie Atholo MSS. rnt«- 
lDiru>.-d in .A.p[iuudix yt. vjii, to (hs 12ih ICcp^^ 
Four letters are printwl in I'mser's Brd Book< 
Muiilcith, ii. J40-ftl), S«VFraI nr* in tliP j»^*!io^ 
»ioDof privftU cciliocton. Infornmiioo hn* l>«rn 
kindly siipptied liyMr.A. H. Millar of Iiondwi.] 

MiORIQOR. Silt JAStES. M.D. fl7n- 
IMS), iimiv giirgi'on, bcrn at ('romdtile. In- 
vi:Tn>"M-!«birv.!) April 1771, waJi eldest of the 
1 hree sons orColqiihouoMd-i rigor, nicrrliwit, 
of .VlM-rdL'cn. nnd bia wife .-Vnno, daiighl*"r of 
Li-wis OniMl of Ltttbendrey in Stralhspyy, 
InvcrDess-ftbire, lie was LHlucftt«<1 At lue- 
grinnmurBchfiol ni Abcrdi.Tn, and aftorwards 
H-nL-n-d I bo MBn*r!iiilC'ollpgf?. where be ^Tft- 
dnated jr..\.in 17'*'*. lie studind nii'dicinent 
AbordtM.'M and at Edinburgh, and aft'T bi^ n*- 
liirn til Abcnli-^'H in 17'<51,wiiili^ an apprentice 
to Dr.Fn^nch, pbyRicinn to ibo county iuOr- 
ninry,bi>wa«nnBof thefuundiTRnfaloral in<*- 
dicn-chinirgicjil wopiirty among the studejita, 
which Riir\ ivf^fid ibo'ciiief mediral i«irii?ly in 
thi' north of Scot Innd. r»p.*irir)(r to bi'oonn' nn 
nriuy nurp.'un. bi' wont lo London, whew ha 
attended Mr. Wilsnn's lecture* on anntomy, 
and nC^er the outbrvaL of war with Fnince 
oljl«im-<l, liy purrhn.-*e through the rcgiiui-nlal 
npent, the poBi of eiirgpon to Po Bnrgira 
regiment, au Triih corps then being niiii«d. 



McG rigor 



t«3 



McG rigor 



<%ad «nc« fiuDOus u tho ^!<@<h or Connnujrht 

nama. HU appoiotmetit wii»<lftted ISSi^rDt. 

17^, and bia iMuae wna &t tint su>lt in tno 

I annalist M&Kin'^or. Ho imn-eu with the 

[ngimciit in flnuJc^n), and in th« winter 

[irinwt In llremeii tn 1704-fi, in wliitli h'la 

flealtU tiufri>n-<l M;vrrelv> Whvn llitt St'lh 

Iwu Kt Stiiithnmptnn Anon after ita reram, 

|U«ntpnanc-coluni.>t Wiliiam Corr IV^rvfifurd, 

^ Mtnhal Berwford fq. t.), was 

to the command of the legiineDt. 

li'.r-iT'i ijuam-lled with McOrij^or, Inylnff 

on him tlie Mame uf th» highly inMnttary 

i>Condiiion of ihc reginieul, alt1iou|,'h the r^ 

tgim>:^lAl infirmary was admitted to be in 

Rueimcnt ordur, nnd, ftmooif otL^ir urhitmry 

laeu, insiatol on his att«ndinff ftll parades. 

tUcOr^r protvetod against tbU trcatinvnt, 

tud amilteil, n-ithniit sucw**, for fXfrhanfni 

[loaaotnerrc^menl,butsbf>ttervnder3tiuid- 

prer»il«d aft(<r Beresford vnluntnnlr 

iiul<> a vwr farrniniWi! report nf McOripiira 

•■ Later in tlw year 0"^'') ''j« <^*^ 

aeat vrsa ordftrt^ to the West Tndr«!». 

ktiu a caitiii(;*«gaal, tiiv tnui«|iorl in 

rhich B»)Orifj;nr bad embarked slancyl off 

■ad mcbod Barbados alone, lunj; in advanra 

at the othor tmom. Rb« -h-oa .'ntpuiHwd ro 

be lost, and McGrigcr'a place in Itie reei- 

nenl was filled up. ^^c<l^ipl^accomp•ntMl 

, detachment of thn '2'iXh rej^mont In Ore- 

I, where th« negroes wer« in revolt (eee 

'Binni^S, Hut. Itf^. 2.VA Ittyt. chap. xii.J, 

but was ibtjiwrodicd »m the wnv. Menti- 

whil* the KSlh Lnd embarked with Adminil 

|8if Hu^h CloUm' (.'hrivluin [{]. v.], hul tbu 

ijiMrtft weru BliBtlrn-il iind dt«ittT!>i-d In 

pv*t storm of Novi'tnbcT I7i*'i. Only 

> cnmp«4iiv« "f thi- SHtli tvachfd thi» 

Teat Indies, with which, Afti>r nerring in 

la and St. Vincent, Jlctiripor came 

IwUDcinthi^Butumnnf l7tHl. In Mny l7)H>hK 

laadtKl with the ^th at Ilouibay, urocvtid- 

infT with it ■ftcrwnrdttoCeyloit.andin It^il 

wa«appotu(ed Ktip«^'rinli.-ndln(* Kiir^t'On uf the 

fore* of eijiht iIioi»and European and Indtiin 

tmDp« tent up the Ited Sea to join the army 

Ejjypt, undi-r Majtir-^'pnoml Dnrid Ttnird 

<Baiiu>, .">ik Diviii]. Mrflriffor reci-'ived 

i sommisci^m from the Kast India Company, 

I lint he mifHit ■»!<? control of the Indiiin 

Baird*:* force laodml at Ko^^'ir in 

ty^una 1801, and after croasinir the 

to Kennch. desMndcd the Nilfi to 

tta. Thi.Ti' McOrigor had to Jwil with 

fitta) ontbreak of the plague amoni^ llie 

Wbun till) anny eracuated Kgypt, 

li^irigor c^Ki^il thn dcMrt tn 8u«z, atwi nw 

turned to Dombay with twocnmpanieaof hi« 

Trprai-nl. Thcn-st nf ihn rr^iment r^umed 

to Eoglaodf whither McGrtgor followed, nar- 



rowly Cflcaping capture by French priTatet-rs 
on tfie renewal of the war with t'nuice. 

McOrigor was tninaforred to the nival 
hnn« i;uarde (blues), and did duly with them 
at Cniiterbuty and Windsor, wht-rn be woB 
noticed by Guor^^e lit and Queen Churlntte, 
Lord .MelvilU; ^ch' I)i:xi)ai., Hk>ki-, first 
VipiCOt'ST Mei.^Ti.i.h], when at tho )>i)ard of 
conlrul, had madeufruitlesepropo^l 10 create 
a fourth pieajdeticy, which ahould include 
thu vaGtem islands, and to place MiGngor 
at the head of tho medical board. He trnv 
ceeded M.I), at Marischal CoUegw 20 Feb. 
IHM, and on ■:i7 June 180^ was made uuv of 
the ni'W deputy inspectors-general of ha- 

Sital^, Olid plnvtHl in vhargv uf the northern 
ietrict (hi-ftdi|uarrera York), whir.' hn in- 
trvduoed uniny impruvvmcnta, and, ai in 
after yvnrs, Htiniiilnti'd tim ti-al of the oHicers 
imder hiin by hiii unfailing coiirteay, friendly 
criticism, and ndvice. ilis talents atlrvtted 
the nnlice of the T>ukt* of York, who Trans- 
ferred him to the south-weste^ldi^t net (htrtd- 
quarters WinchMtcr), siibeequenlly ptat^inf;; 
liie I'urt^uiuulh ditlriot and liflc of NVifiht 
and a part of (he Susttes district amU-r him 
Uiwell. At this ttmeMcOrigurhud in medi- 
cal charge the counliea of Suhstx. Hanti, 
IVreet, Willfi, Somerset, Gloucester, and 
Worcextwr, and South Wnle*; thu inedieal 
ntimniwtinn of numerous exp<>ditir>]is d»*- 
[uLtcbed from Portsmouth at tiiis {K-riod was 
ftlHii i-niruflled to him. Onco on the retnm 
of thu iroopfi from Corunna, carrying fever 
with lliem wherever they went, ht? declnred 
the dilliciiirmg of thu t>iluuliun to be 'nnrur- 
moutitable.' NVvertheI(.-M>, hw lll1^nuuuII^d 
them. 

Mirdrit'or'n rvpiitation now stood tctj 
high. Ilia old chief, Upre^ford, applied for 
his services as principal medical otlicer of 
the Tortnpioseiirmr. but Wfon- tht'nrninjrc- 
ment could be jnin^u Mctirit'^ir waa ordered 
to Walclieren, where tli« llrilish cuwping- 
i;ri>undi> were undi-r water uud ihn.t; thk>nHiud 
tufti dn^n wirh malarial f»rer. lie was 
wrecked in H.M.S, Venerable, 74 guns, at 
the moiilh uf thi:> .Schrldl, and afUr long 
delay waa rcsnied with othera, in a state of 
great exhaustion, by tbe boats uf the fletit 
from Flushing. SirKyrvCoote the younger 
fq. v.", who hud sueceedi-d to the command, 
testified to the important wrvices readered 
bv Mcljrigor, who was himself itcricken with 
the f^'ver. .McGrigor wae promoUKl to tbe 
rank of inspet^or-general of ho<fpilaU "'o ,\w^, 
1:^09. After his nitum be resunii'd hisduliea 
at Portsmouth, and married. On ].*! June 
1811 he received the sinecure post of phy- 
sician of I'otismonth garrison, and (utnn 
afterw-ardawaeappointcdcbicfofllic medical 



McG rigor 



t04 



McGrigor 



P 



fttfirt'of Wellinglon's armv in the Peninsula, 
lleorrived at Lisboa 10 Jan. IHI'2, micl was 
l>r<.'«'nt with tljc army itircMipIiout the subae- 
Queiit ctnupnignii from Ciudad Kodri^ to 
Toulnuae, including thf aie^? of Barjujnt, tilt: 
t«iTibli> ilurgtw! nitrvfit, and ihe baiUes of 
Vittaria, Ihe I'yreiiwM, and Tout. nise. Un his 
rDprv>a>'ntiitintiB, tlio HomcL-H of tlid UL(;iilivitl 
wliipiTs in m:l ion «t lJadi«jf>7 wre for tliu lin*t 
eimppiihlirlyacfcnowlfldj^d in thpduapfttclies. 
NapiiTmlducos tlit'fcillf'ivinp'itrikinjr jironf of 
the*Hcei'**witti which the medical roncorns of 
tliB army wen> carried nut under McOrigor'a 
direcrion : 'During the ten month* from I he 
BWrjTi! of Hiirgoa to the b«Ule of Vitl-firia th(^ 
total number of nick and wounded which 

StiAfcA ihroujjh tho hospitals wns 95,;slft. 
ly tliw unrvuiittiiig a1l*)Ution of yir Jani«a 
AlcOri^or and the medical statF under his 
vrdL-rs. thu army took tho Jiuld pri>i>iiratory Kj 
thn linttli! with a tick list under liru tlioo- 
Bttnd. I'or twenty succeseivn days it luiLrchL-d 
towiirrl)itl»M'n(;iJiy,«nd,iiili-»'«lUaiione'm'imlh 
aher it had ditfuatiHl hitn, mustered, within 
thirty nittn,ft8 strong asl^'forc: «nd tliii, too, 
without rPinforecDiifnttt from Kngtnnd, t.lie 
ranks having been recruited by convalwcen (« ' 
{Pfiti'itular Rff/-, revised od. ToL iv.) McOri- 
gor's udtniniiilrutivi* abilily, nnd iho couritj^n 
and self-n>liftncc which eunbk'd liim to nc- 
cupt gmvL> n-itpoiisihilityat criticul tnummitv, 
apendiiy won Mw winlidHnee of Wcllinglcm, 
who ri'jiealedly L-\-proaspd approval of his 
nmin^xtin.mts (cf. OTTKWonD, v. W'i, 70], vl. 
OR), At the end of thn wnr Wellington 
again dijclured his pcrfuct iMttiafuclion with 
Mciirtgor and the depnrtniciit und-'r his 
directiou — "He isoneof tbomoet induGtrioue, 
nbk-, and 5UC(;>'«sful public scrviLiit:* I bavi; 
ever met with ' {ib. yij. 0)3), 

After theptuteeof 1814 MctingortetnrnGd 
botnL', wns knightud, and rulin^doii niinllow- 
anctt of Hi. a dny. Tlw nicdii^id offiiwrs who 
had siifTpd under him pri>Benlpd liim willi a 
Borvi<.'o«rnlalflV«1n«d at a thoiiwind guiuon.*. 
He applied himi»olf anew tohisfavmirito Bub- 
ject*. anatomy and chemif^try ; but !3 .Tuno 
I8i'> wft* it|iprjiut(>d dirfCtor-cVTieral of thu 
array niddieftl dftparfment, ann hold the post 
iinlii li^ol. The fialnrv was i!,0(XV. n yenr, 
with the rclfitivtt runlt of TiKyor-goniTiil. 
Mctlrigor founded liio Mummlwi uf Niituinl 
Ilistory and l*athoJngical Amitomy, and the 
library lit Fi.irt I'in. (."katliaui, sinuv rv- 
lanvi-d to Ni-tk'v Iloapitril, Ha inaugurated 
a eystum of medical wporte and returns from 
nil military ntnlionN, which, twenty yciira 
lAter, formed tlin baaiii of the 'Hiatietical 
ll«tnm» of the Health of the Army,' miw 
perpi-'rufitod in the Hnnual blii't^bnokit of thu 
amiy mediual department. WIiiLe tbua en- 



dvavuiiring lo fun.her thn ends of Mnsnoel 
through ihe mi.-dinm of his dopartmont, IloT 
yrae not unmindful of thi; p>-nonal int«>rG<s1l| 
of the ofTicerii composing it. In 1816 boi 
Btarted the Army Modical Friendly Sacioty,! 
for the relief of widows of army modiiul om- 
Cf^Tt, and in iS'M the Army .Medical lleno- 
volent Sociuty, for oaaisting tho oqihanif of 
medical oiBcers, both of which bavn provt-d 
most !^uccc»)>ful. Tht< thirty-five ye^ars that 
he won at the liwid of thf department werw 
u jjtriod of peafle and rigid rp.lr*'nchmrnt; 
but the iBSue of revised regulations for Ihe 
niediCBl fti'rviM', imiiim' improvements in tho 
pusiiton of medical oEBcorf, luid gri'fltor nt:- 
ti-ntion III the selection of men for foreigo 
Bfirrice, and in pn'Tonling overwork in tlio 
CBso of young and immature suldifrs, wur« 
ainnn^ the useful meaflurea carried into 
efi'ect. He retired ou a pvusioa at thu be- 

E'nningof 18ol. lie died at hi.* ruaidence in 
cindon, 'J April li?58, ngBd 87. 

.McU^rigor was i-lfcli^l F.R,H, on 14 March 
iHUt. lie receired the freedom of the ciliea 
of Kdinburgh and Abwrdeen. The iinivereity 
of Edinburgh niadn him an honomry I.l>.r>. ; 
Marinclwl Gn[li>ge and University, now part 
of the univ.irsiiy of Aberdeen, chone him 
rwtor in l^L'6, \&J7, and 1841. He was 
created a baronet of the United Kingdom ini 
S<in«'^mher IHltO. Ho was a fuUow of Ibs 
(Jolleges of I'hr^icians nf ijiiudon and I-Miii- 
burgh, honorary physician to tho queen, a 
fclhiw of tlm iWnl Siiciety of Kdmbiirgb, 
a member of thfl council of the nnivdriiity of 
IjtiiLdon, and of many Jeiimed societies at 
home and nbroad. He was made a K.C.B. 
irAug. It^&O. Ho had also the Turkish order 
of tht^Crvsccnt, the commander's cross of the 
Portuguese Towdf and Sword, und the vi 
medal with five cU«M. 

McHrigor was niithor of a ' Memoir on the 
Ufttllb of tho B8t.h nnd othtT lEHgimxnt*, 
fnm .Tune ISOO to May IfiOl,' prwtenlrtj to 
thu Hombay Mt-dicnl Society in 1801 ; ' Mwdj- 
cftl .Skeichea of the Espeflit ion to Egypt from 
India,' London, I>t04 ; ' A Letter to the 
CommiMionf-rs of .MilitaryEnqiiir)-,' London, 
IKOS^this wft-s a reply In aniniadviifHions od 
the Tilb Ite]ntrt of f he L'nnimi»«ioners of Mili- 
tary Enniiirj*.' which had been ptihti.^hcd by 
I'Mward J»aih«nii>l Itiim-nift, M.I). ['|-v.]: a 
memoir on tho fever that apiiearod in the 
]InCii>iianuy after the return Irom Corunna, 
in ' ICdinburgh JMeiliail and Surgical .Inurnal,' 
vol. vi. 1810; a * Memoir on tba Health of 
the Army in th*- Poninsiiln,' in'TransnctioDa 
of the Medieo-Chinirgicnl Society,' London, 
vol. vi. ; also ' Itepnrt. of 8iekness, Mortality, 
and Invalidiiiir in tho Army in the WcM. In- 
dies,' 18St<, and a like report for the Uaitad 



McGrigor 



105 



Machado 



KingiloQi, MtKlittfrruMttD, and Uriti»h North 
America in 1639. 

JicOrtgvr marrivd, S3 Jan* 1810, Mttry, 
TcmagMt dauriitiv of DancAn Gmnt of 
Xingostone, Nonysbire — Meter of bts old 
friend l^wit Gmnl I (ifWrwardji Sir I^ttis 
<*reai.M.I'.),ofUrigadicr-seiieralColqubouii 
GiMt (IZWJ-lM:^) (a. T.l and of Colonel 
Alexander llnnt, CJS., Madnu army — by 
whom he had three soaa aod ona d&utt'iler. 

Anaaf; tha nuuir portroiu of McCin^tor, 
Otu by Sir Dnvid Wilkin iti in iho oiUcMn' 
i EC NetW Ilospitiil, and another by Wil- 
Brce, lt.A., ie in the ball of MariseLeil 
CoUam. A mrmnrinl in thn (■iillt-)^- qua- 
drsn^ is 'erected near the place of his 
«dacatioa and tbe hchm of his youlli.' 

[An antobiognplij of ^ir Jkrim McGngor, 
bart-, mming ilown tn IHlAanljr, with 11 j-iortritit. 
and ao appc^ix «f ndditiooKl iufurin^itiuD fmiu 
fiantlT MiiKca. ma pnblishfd in III6I. ThU 
hM» MMi hen »ufplmivnt<nl br tnfornutlion 
ftrnMbtd by tti« r«?(!i»inir of Aberdeen Uni- 
Ttemty. Two t«tl«ra to Dr. Baxter in 1616 arc 
in Bnt. Ma*. AddiL USS. 20II7 f. 10. 2<i2l4 
f. 40. Se« alMiChaBib«>n'a KminpDt Kctit*iiirii, 
ToL iii.; Bnrko'a Bana«ug«: Gurwood's ^Vol- 
Ihtgton D«pi vol*. T. y*. rii. and ^-iii. (Jnilci) ; 
WclliBirtoa SapplfOiADtary Drap. and Cormp, ^ 
OcDt. Ma^ 18M. pt. i. p. 553 ; oliitunry iioticox 
in Boy. Soe. Abninula I'roc. l8£8-&. Tol. ix., and 
in ths diSfrr«Dt iB«dic«l joumnl* fur ISftS; 'Our 
Strrins ander ibo Crown,' by Snrgcun-tnajor 
l^otf. in Oolbin's United S^rrtM Mag. June to 
Jwly ISTS-l H. M. C. 

MrORIOOR. JAMES(I810-lfi6.t), lipw- 
Ifrnaut-colonel in the lodinn army, eon of 
CbarlM MctSrigOT or McCrcfror, wno retired 
frmn the renice as lieut«Biuit-coloneI 70th 
foot, and died barrackmBsttr at Nottin^liAtn 
in IH41 (aro Gfnt. Mag. 1811, pt. ii. p. iXii. 
u)d ni*ph«w <jf Sir Jamea BIcGriaor, bart., 
M.n. [<!■ T.], vrtu imm in ISlt), udueatcd at 
tbr Kant India Oitntianv'* mtlttary academy 
at Addi^fombe, and in It*31 rvcpived a Bom- I 
bay infantry cadKsbip. On 24 Fi-b. ]H3/> li« ' 
««ia|ipoiRLi-denai^inth4> late 21st Bombay ' 
tutive infantry, in which bp bt'caiiic Ufii- 
t«nani lHjuly'lH30andcflplain24 Jan. IRifi. 
An a li'>iiti'nADt ho Rrrred imiifr Sir Charles 
Jainoa Napi>?r [q. t.] in the 8ind ramDaigiM, 
and for a time yn* a^utant of ihn CluuMVt 
imenhir bor^. llv becanio breTet-tnajor 
S8 Nov. 1854. hi September ISSr McGrigor, 
Mill a captain and brfTct-uiujor, was in com- 
mand «fthr2lkt lluinbay infantry at Karachi. 
Thi- Inilian muliny was at ilE height, and 
Bartl<< Fn-rw had iu«t amt nwavcvfry avail- 
able Kiirop>>an and Paloorb soldi^ir either to 
Multan or the South Marathn r^untry Tx^w I 
IIftdjeTFBRB£,SlBllESBrB&RlL£EDWAil]]. I 



Only 147 Europt'aiu reuiniiiuil at lliit atation 
in addition to the native f^rriflon. Shortly 
befoRill P.M. on m Sept. 1WC7 McOri^or was 
warned by two faithful native officers that 
a muliny of the n^gimeiit and a nuLssacre of 
Enropfaiia waa arranged for twelve o'clock 
tbe&amenisht. Mrs. jJcGrigorut ouc« tuiMt 
courftf^usTy decided to leave hor hiuband's 
hands free by making bur way alone toa plucu 
of comparative Baffty. Kuali^Uiug ttcouplwof 
»beclf) Irum thu bed and wraiipint;: ibetn Toond 
her, in the guiattof an nyuh kIh- i-xcitpi^l unmo- 
leated. McGrigor hurried tn thi- auilmritifta, 
and a troop of the Bombay European hnrso 
arlilliTj-, uudiT Colonrl (iiflerwnri{« Lieul«- 
iiani-gi;nenU) Sir Geot^' Huit [we under 
Hrrr, 8IR Wn.i.iAHl, BalJoped down to the 
2lFt linen, arririn); a f>-w minuter before 
the time nnpointed for the outhrvak. WLvil, 
on ihw Ktroke of midnipht, McGripor ordered 
the' assembly 'to aouiid.tLc rvtciiui'ut fuuud 
itM'lf confronted W the batterv, with gun* 
loaded and n-ady lur nctioti. In answiir lo 
a short but forcibSe npix-al froin Mctiripor 
ihu :JUl laid down tlieir arui's, whicli were 
removed on the arlillrry wiif^otiii. Tiw regi- 
ment was diBbanded, and noine of llie rins- 
b'litkT*, wlio had (led, were brought baCK 
by the SintJ police, tried by a conrt-mor- 
lial of native officers, and executed, not ouo 
edcoping. McGripor recpiTod the thanks of 
the ^vemmeni, nod on 20 July l^o^ waa 
appointed major of tha (lnt«) liuih Itonibny 
iialivi; infiuitry, one of the new rpgiraerts 
then raised in Sind. l)a 1 Jan. I86*ih(<was 
promoted to lieutenant -colonel nf the I'lth 
lliniibiiy native infantry. He had been Bta- 
tinned for somp mnmlLS with hi* battalion 
at Aden, pnesinR' much of bia time mi tbooC- 
ing excnrMoii* tn .'Vrabia, whtw he was acci- 
dentally drowned while bathing, on if* Juno 
lwi3. 

McOrigor innrriod a sJAter of Lteutenant- 
ptiieralGneme.VlfSKndTl^rklinrt ofCjii'tii"* 
hill, Lmiarkshire, and late of the Tt^th high- 
landers. 

(Indian Army Lists and Regiat«n; Gent* 
Mflg. 1S03, pt. ii. pp. 217. filO.] H. M. C. 

MACauntKr [J^wMAGnKE.j 

MACHABE, JonX (rf. KA7), Scottisb 
reformtr. jSce Micaltlxk.] 

MACHADO. ROGEIt (</. 1511 ?),dipl&. 

matist and C'larenceux kinff of arms, wa* 
probably born tn thi' south of Frann-. 11ie 
employment in bi* lettets of n Spiininh pstoix 
gives coloor lo tite suf^rvsiion. Onthi>olh(>r 
hand hisaasocinlinn wil It lienrvcf Iticliniond 
for pome years before he camc< 10 the throne 
has given rip<e to the conjecture that Machado 
came from Brittany. lie was present at Ed* 



i 



wsr<I IVafuneml in Mftrcli l-(&3,aiid in the 
siLini; yiiie iviia ut CiilaiK in l\w Huitu of ono 
WiUtaui IWae, nppcjJtittMl In* lUcIijird til to 
Biijierviw lh« TictuuUini; of rhat town. At 
thf. tiini- (i« wHJt I^ito-xliT IhtjIiJ ( I^ltfru and 
Pdfier* liieAardllland Umri/ I'll, ed. I inird- 
ntr, i. 9), but shortly aftflmurds lie fntored 
the atrvice of Tliomnit Orey, Urst inur>iiii« of 
Uors^ \t\. v.], who employed liuji m voriotis 
confidL'iitinl iniHMons, prol>ubIy ivith the oli- 
|uct of proiiiotjiigUieltmoiid'i! iiilunwt*. Afl«r 
Jfiirj' \irsiiccefi!ii(m, tMa<:rlutda wiist kmtwii 
lut Kif-'hniund lK'ni1d.utiitiii|f witH \h\s ullicu 
tbut yfMorroy luiiji: viaimsi^Iivrumlirit.Mvd. 
Strittf. ed, trairdnt-r, pp. x\, xli). 'i'lienoe- 
forlu lit.' wue rapuatE'dly iMuploynd 'lu diplo- 
mnlic^ miwidiui on iIk- cimtirti'iiL Tn 14>^K-n 
bo Wi>nt to Spain nnd I'nrtii^iil, fiUinir nn 
tlio (icciuidii II WIT milwniinnte pn^tion in 
tlie tunbniwy. [» .Kiiil' nnd August 1 )dO lie 
waseent to Brittany witb Sir Uoliert Cliflbrd, 
On 21 Jan. 1-Ifi4 ht wns promoted to bt^ 
ClnrencfiUK king of nritis,uDd Henry oliV'vd! lo 
make him Garter kinj^of arQii>,bnt Macliado 
duoliuud tliu di^fiiity un lliu ifround of insuf- 
ficient ncniiainlsnce with tbt- l'in||rli<ih liin- 
Rungo. ' t\ir this miidi'sty Henry ubligud 
feir Tliomiw Wriolbfulcy (the rii>w DarliT 
Mni;) lo^ivtiliimapi'iiNQn of t\v(>iily inarka' 
(NnitLE, Jlinl. Oi//fi/p nf Armf, y. Ml), and j 
eonfitiuiil bicIci-rinRS hctwem Wrinllii*-^lfty ! 
and Macbado followed concijiruing tliu liniils 
of tliL'ir r<-*]>t'cti vo provinws. On 10 .\\ig. of 
tli« (tuiue vear (I-IOI) be wiis dt'*p;itobi^d lo 
Cliarles VllI of l-'rancc; oti Imsintsii eoii- 
ovL'U^d will) cLut moniirvb'a uHit of bclp to 
Hvaiy in case MnximJlirtii diipportt-d Pvrkiii 
Warbeclc ; Mnrliado was infitnirti-d to any 
* ID n.'gnni to tliiit ffHrt^nii, llir lirij; inJil(i«M nit 
nrronnt nf liim, nor of all bis '"intrieiifsf], 
becaaee he cannot bo litirt or nnnoved bv 
Unt' {(.\'ff<'H -V-SS. Ciilig. D. vi. f. IK). Tie 
vrns nl the same time to offer Henry's ^ood 
ofUcosJbr (1 s'-ftkmcnt of tlledlJ^plll^'lK■twt■t■n 
Cburlcjt fttid Furdinaiid of ^pnii^ ivilb n>gnrd 
to llie ki«Kd(iuJ of Naples, l)n 17 Nov. I lenry 
garts Alncliodo iind Jobn Mcnutl^ ' stxrvtury 
of iht) Fri'iit.'li Inni^nn^*, » ffnint lo pmpiiwer 
them 1(1 import fiflspon winsss In any port of 
France, Spain, or Britain, or llic ciuiilrii-H 
of any of lliii i«>Ti.Ti'iKi"' in iilliiinf'it witli but 
TOJye.-fiy, not i-sf.e^diup a cfrtain auantily.' 
In III'" RTnnl lie i» stv'*''' ' Hnpfr Mni'liinlii, 
aiitLK dictnn Hiohmond, mt ammrnni d« Cla- 
njncptix' (NoBi.K, 7/m/, C'rl!f<)' <>/ Arm*, p. 
ni). At the bffrinninjr of 1 l!>r» Mnobauo 
"VTM aaaiii wiit to Wance to obtain infnmia- 
tion about tho statt of olTtiir! Hivrp, and was 
to procuwd ibunee to Florence, Venice, and 
Roiui^. Cm 5 .March I41«i hi' was on Ci» mora 
in Frauc?, bviug dirvcU'd to iiljr^t; a mar- 



riage betwt^en tb« dauphin and tbn Princ««a 
Mari^rcl. and iLc repayment of Henry's loan 
to tliH Fmirh 1<in^. In an uii[mb!i»lii*d mr* 
moirof Machndn by John .^nniii the elder 
[<]. v.] bo is «atd to hare visited Denmark on 
diplomatic atTair^ in l-')Cl!!or irillS. IIii cnt«r- 
iiiined the French ambassador in Loudoii on 
II Jan. ir.OH (ASTiREiS, J^MfuewT Ilm. VII, 
ed. (iairdnur, p. Ill4|. nnd S'jon aftirrwards 
received an annuity of ID/, from the crowii, 
which was increased in Henrj- VIII'b n-ii^n 
to 20t. Noble { HUf. (.'till. Arnui) nar* ha dirni 
m ir>U1,btit liilO or ITill is a more prubablo 
dativ bocaui>u Tbuuiaf lluuolt [q. v.], his suc- 
ciw.«or a# Clan^nonni. kiii^ of nrmH, waa a|>> 
pointed early in the latter year. 

Machado'sjoiimidn, which ha»rebc>fn puW 
liithed in the ' Rnnim Brit. Mcdiieri Serin- 
tores,' vol. X., describe bi>i travels, bnl uo 
not (vfford much iiifnnuation rcepeclinetbo 
objects of his miosionA, and throw tiltlt! Li^ht 
on tho diplomatic history of the tiiiii>. Ho 
wait u faituful servant to thd ida^, oud Ucary 
held bim in high (u<teem. 

[Itnriim llritjintiiiMrum Modia-ri .Scriptoros, 
od. Gait>luDr. Pruf. xxxviii~xlv; AndrutBllis- 
tori* Hon. VIJ, p. 101; Macliarlo's Jflomals; 
Lcltvrii and I'spitO" for tho Kcign* of Hich. Ill 
and Hon. VII. yd. Qnirdner, \. », *«Q. 425. Ji. 
90, n.5.292; N'iiblc'» ilifllorrof l^ollc^of Anna, 
pp. 86, 87. Ill; Itrewcr'ji Loltura and I'uprn* 
of Ueti.VllI, pp. l2S.Aa6; By oar's Feed «m. ail. 

aefi,] A. 1'. P. 

MACHALE, JOHN ( I7yi-iyyi). arch- 
bishop of Tiiitni, fifth son of Patrick Mncllttte, 
an innkiiepcr, and bis wifi>, Mary Mulkiemn, 
was liorn at Tubberuavtue, iu lh» difrricl of 
TimwlL-y. to. Mavo. on fl March 1701, and 
was bapliu-'d in hm fHiht'TS hiiiuw tbn-r.t i1ay» 
later bv Andrew Hoiuy, n priast oflerwarilA 
linnp-d ill tjii'r«*li'3iion <if ]i88. I [e received 
bis tirst edcicntion at a smalt Irval school in 
the pjirieh of Leathardan, The iostruclioa 
was (jiven in lri.-th, and hi* orandmothtT ol>-, 
jected to bis leurninft the hu^li^h alphabet. ' 
lie vf^nl Tn Nclioid bunfootcd, and there i» 
a story wu-U known iti ('onimtiifht that wh»n 
he was an fLrcbbistiop he one day r<^[in>vMl % , 
parish iiriL-T<t for driving an unabod horaa 
alone tltc road. ' My lord,' mi tho prit^Bt* 
' neither you nor I haS a shoe tn ourfnot till 
wu Wen.' twioi' his tmc' In 1807 he was wnt 
tothecolh-ircof .Maynriol.h,nnit in l.*^! 4, after 
his ordination as priest, was appoinliv! !<*- 
furcr on ihi-nlnKy then* on ."Itl Aiiff. Oij; 
20 Jan. 18JII he piiblishtrd the first of a scries ' 
of li'ttuM, sij^'nt'd • Hierophiloft,' amiont llio 
education together of Hotnnn cntholics aitd 
nnjteslanti". He wn* appointed bish'ni of 
Nlarotiia in jiartAM injidetium on S March 
lfi'2&, was consecrated ou £ Jtiuu, and pro- 



Mac Hale 



107 



MacHale 



ceedrd to ondcrtaki.' tlu> duties of rondjutor 
bi^opof KilUIn, brintf iit llioxvniv cimi-prv- 
BeDteatathenoriahof Crmsmoliiia. In 1K11 
lie wioto to Lord Grey on the stale of Ire- 
luid^&nidpn>pf«nldoiutntinntjon*lodiicfiliAn, 
•boblion of titli«e, tenant rigLt,sud reptal 
a« r»medie« for iv» divturbcd condition. In 
Not'raibnr 1831 lie vixitedKom^Mindpmtchi-d 
bC tbe cfauTch of Oesii « )laria, and on 
17 ytmrch 183^' in 8t. bitlont'son St. Patriok. 
In )ipiti- uf o|>ii(iiiiiion on tlit^ |ii\rt of iJin 
scnvnuDentbewsainadearchbieBapnrTuaTn 
in 1834, mad in that poeitJoa coiwislently 
Uphi^d tfce Tww* ht lud •lwAy« fnprt-iowid 
in amonition to mixed Bchoola and rnllt>^R, 
nor Old tbn sAaent of three archbishojw nnd 
'tfflven hti^hopH to th« »ch«tne for crcaiinir 
national cchools niter his conduct in the 
matter. His command of the Irish Ian;;^iiii$;r< 
•nd ibt? ^flioroenci? of his «loqtieuw added 
' to lliK inflo.^iice which hia inll«sibU devotion 
'li> hia urinpii'lcs woidd uf itstdf hare ob- 
ta.innilorliini. Another rhftnicteristic which 
inrrfw^ii-d his popularity with a large eectioa 
tof the nation ■wim liia Ii(in>->l. unntt>-nil>Ii' 
ftTcntlon Xn tTcryihin^ Kn^ILih. ' Uwailh 
aiffUs trviii if; clainn<> liu^hol ar clainne Gall ' 
(victory and fwecfM to rhi' Iri?h rm-i- oviT 
ith* EuErlUh met*) wa<9 an Irish Mviug ofloti 
'in hia month and aln'n^'8 in his thoDght«. 
Be btvami' thu mo^t ]>u|>ulnr publiv iniin 
■ftvr trOmm*ll, who i-alled him ' Ihi' lion of 
St. Jarlath'e,' n v^tbriqui-t which bo liked tO 
(vtnin. St. Jarlnlh'H vrtiK hjii college and 
tt•sid^.■^<^f> and «ithf-dral in Tnam. 

Tb« appoiutnicnl in IHSA, Ihroujih hi* in- 
ilu^nf*, of It. (Vl'Tnan n.» bishop of Killaln 
l<ni to ft controversy between Macllnle ami 
thia biiihop on thr f^ubji'Ct of i^rliiin r-cclu. 
Cliactieal due*. I)«au l.yona of Killnla »\\-p- 
I ported th« bitJiop, and after the Kn)<l(«K 
ffovcmmcnt and nation, lii> and Ciinliinil 
1 Bamaho, iirnfM-t of the IV>po((iind!i, were 
[ivgftrdml throujrh life by the orrbbiahop ae 
tke deadliMt of bis cnninim^ lit* wnii vio 
torirtu^, and Bishop O'Finan. a Dominiran, 
had To retire into a roonaHteryof bis order in 
^itontc. MfttfHnIp bad a ni-w*papi>r contro- 
'■TCT«T with l^>nls I'liirord and Shren-pljury 
an •.•tldcatiou in ltS^15, and in funeral tLou};ht 
the En^>ti<<h Uoman csthoUcA not thorouch 
■OHgb; but h^ admired l.'biirle'' VVat«r1on 
I [q. T. J, who on his part had a kindness for the 
[lliirompn>misuiirarcbbi»hoii. When Newman 
iCamj* to Ireland. .Mn<-I(a)e o|ieiily opposed 
iim, on ibe fn'ound thai an EnKliaiiman was 
Dot wnnttHl in a iinivi-rvilv >» I'ublin, mid 
ho qnarrelUtlwith Arrbbishop CuUen l^q- v/ 
nboul till' ratbolic nnivi>r*ify, T?ieT con- 
tinned to hf- 0ppniH'nl4 thmufchont Iif<>. In 
tSM bo vi*il«a ftoow for the second time, 



And prcMiitHd to ibo pope ■ pwm in Irish 
on''lue IiiiniartilMli'l'4>mi'ittion,'und n traiia- 
Ution nf it. into Engli&h Terse, but th(> Tisie 
vnil>Hlinnwrioinidi»n(fTr<-'roentwilbBQrnBbo. 
MacHnlf rctumwl to bi« provinco, boyond 
which his pcclesisaticnl intluenee gradually 
diminished a.t that of Cullen (frew. The 
CVmnaiight men, however, tmderstood him, 
admired bia urcachipfc, shared his jirejudicca, 
and sought uia blefctitif;. He translated tbo 
Pentateuch into Iriah, a» pari, of < .\n [rikh 
Translation of thu Holy Bible.* Piiblin, 1^1, 
audprcpanjdadioctisiucutecbiitmin Lfausaine 
language, aa well an a ilevorional work^ 
' Cmobh I'maifrho Craibblhigbe,' Dublin, 
iftfli;. In 1H41 he pwblifb-d nn Irish trans- 
lation of several of Moore'i* ' Melodic;* a new 
Hilion appeared in 1h71. In 18-14 he issued 
» Translation of thw first book of tho 'Iliad' 
into Irish verse ; the second appeared in Iti^G. 
The preface to ihi! third hook, which waa 

}nibli»heii in IP'M, ilivfs hi? views ou the 
aniiue: ' I caiiiiot hel[> tbinkinj; Ihal w<t« 
the people of Ireland not Catholics, t be prime] 
Mitiinli-r would not haw siifTi-rnl ibpni to 

iieri^i from the land in such numhet^.' The 
ourib b<Kik was issued in IS-'*?, the fifth and 
itixili in 1:^00, th« seventh in I8<>!>, and tho 
eittblh, wbi«h concluded his translntion, ill 
1^71. Tlietrin»lnfion«t>fthp 'Melodies' and 
tlitt ' Homer' aro often inf^-niotu, and 8how 
a thorough knowledtre of the vennDc-ular of 
Connuiiuiht, but rury liltlu ucquaintiuice with 
IriKli jiortry, or conformily lo iU nifnxiirmi. 
A short poem on 'Clranin. Waale' in Irish, 
with an F.ti((liah \-erw trnnKlnf ion, isprinted 
(p. 407) in Sfonsiimor (I'lt-ilK's 'l.ifo' of 
MacHale. TnlliWil hepublishetl in Irish *To- 
ras no Croicbo ' (' The Wny of the Cross *) of 
St. Alfonso Liguori. lit* occasional l<*ttcrs, 
Hometimos printed in newspapers. were uuntfr- 
rous, and Fiu publiiibed in l?2& one thvoltn 
ifieal liook in Knglinh, 'TJw Evidenicei* anil 
rto<'lrin(t of the Catholic Church.' Ho is 
Mild Ui hnvn ■■opii*il out long' pnssa|;r-* of 

fiibbon, in ordj>r in acquire a good Fnglisli 
prose style suitable for Ibis work, but he 
nt?VfT atrainod thi% nnd ma-)t of hi.t KnuliJih 
writ iiiesarftnrpidund violent, wit bonlbf-ing 
forcible. Whore, howei«r, he has exprfseed 
hioD^idf in Tri^b proft'.his i«ent(Tico8 arv idio- 
mntic and to the piiiit. He died on 7 Nov. 
18-^1 At Tuam,ann was there buried. Ilewait 
a tiill man, with wi-ll-markL-d fi.-iitun.-s. mss 
early, and was capable of umi-!i pliyvral ox- 
ertion. \Vhen ho travelled lie always con- 
rimed in Irish with the ecelrciastic who 
attended him. 

[Tho Rut. Bcrnird O'lt^illy"* John >ljfHal(s. 
Ardibixhop of Ttiam, bii Life and CwrropOiH- 
Boep, 2 vols. New Yoiic, 1990. Thia Inoffniphy 



M c Henry 



io8 



Machin 



* 



is btted apnn hia papm eapplifid b; the IW. 
Tbomiu Mnctlftle, hit Dcphr-w und oxcentor. wnd 
ooolains dvbiilM) turauntN uf nil Iim eccl<«i- 
AsticRl pnKMclioff>, with two portnit* ; Worki ; 
|ienoiuLlinfonuattoiifromhLi[irti^iiir«.J N. U. 

MfHENRY, JAMES (l7H.>-ltM5), poet 
Bud nnvplist, son of a morchanl in LnriiL'. 
to. Atitrim, wa'5 borti liiwri" on 20!K-c. ITSTj. 



and tlie restoration of th» old religion. On 

30 July ]fi(*7 hf nttttndetl im ovAtfr fiuittt a.ti 
a friwnd's house in Anf-'hor Ijune iili. p. 143t. 
Oil l!3Nuv. ITili] lii;ili<) priuiiicvat St. Paul » 
Cmaa for harini; rimilalpd n lib<>llouft stoiy 
rtw]>«ctin|{ M. VyroD, th*- French )ir«ite8t«Dt 

Sirencher (iV.. p. ?72: STBTpK,.,^^IuT/*,i.L'37). 
lie ' Diarr ' coiicludea with an account of an 



Iwrti Hum- on liUlK-c. l,h,i. outhri>«If of ihe placnw in London in July 
After niiendinp a loral srhonl, h^ fitadnd I 1563, and it ii poMiblo that he hiaiBi-lf fiill 



luediciuc aud w^rnn prnctici? in tiiK nstivt.* 
town, wlicuco he lJil*r n-moTtd to IVifaat, 
In 1817 be (imii^rated to the United Smit^B, 
where hn lifea BueCE«8iv«ly in Haltimniv, 
Pittsburph.and PliiladL-lgihiv Ho8ettle<i in 



11 viclim to tlie diiteaae. 

A broiLcr Cliri«tophcr, itleo a nontiuiti 
tailor, dieil in tW imrisb of St. JaniM oa] 
3(> Not, ISTjII. A ilanjthter, CathvrinP, wa« ■ 
cliriElviiud ^7 Sept. 1-j-j7 {Jjinrp, p, 1-j3), 



tho hist-nouii-ti pliicw in i'&li, both tradin(f , ^fjiia niftw, • Kvnhmi Mn.rh.n,'Chri-Ioiebftr'* 
nii.l prnctisingnifdioini). From 1842 Tillbw dauKhttfr, obtained a licenae tn marrv Kd- 

death bu wnfc I'nittd Status ci)ii«iil in Lon- - ~ . _ . , 

dondrrrv, Irflmiil. lie liitrdat Lftrnc.SlJuly 
184fi. Hie son Jiuui«, who dii'd in 1891 
ikt K4>ii>in^on, wnn ri wi'll-iciiown nniiiirior. 



I 



IJy Ma^^iui.*,' uud in its 
1, or tin- Iiisur|,'i"'ut Chiflf," 



llindiLiiirhtiTMHry marrlt'd Mr. J. lieltiirguii 
Cox of I'biladelphin. 

McTIenry had Mronc literary interests. 
lli» lirit work, 'Tlie Pleaatires of Friend- 
ship,' B poi^Tii, npncarod in lt*22, and war* re- 
priiiti-d with oiIut poi.-ui(< at L'hila'Ji^liibia 
in WM. In IKL'4 \\e becAinc editor of thi; 
'Ammcuu MuullJy 
pngc* 'O'Halloran 

the novel by which ho is prijbably best 
known, first ii.|ifMjaT\'d . FlisuthLTpnjwwiirloi 
are: 1. 'Tht* Wiidemi'Mf or flraddnck'a 
Timea: a Talo of the WmI,' 2 vols. N-w 
York. 1823. 2. ' Th.^ KmK:tri> of the Foro.«,' 

2 vols. 1H2». 3. 'The lIoariAof Sl>>el: an 
Irish Jlistarical Tale of the Iiut Cvntur;,' 

3 voU. ri]i1adol]jhiu, 182*>. 4. 'Thu Bv- 
lroth«d of Wyoniiujf,* 1H2!>, B. 'Munedith, 
or tbo Mystery of the MKuhianxa,' 1831. 
In rtmia hi; piiblii>li<^il : I. 'Wnllbn.cn: an 
American Ui-voliitinnary Talp,' Now York. 
1&>3. 2. ■ Thu UsurptT : an Ilietoriwl Tw- 
eedy,' ThilndolpIiiB. 1 82il. 3, * Jack.ior's 
\Vreuth,'wriltun in honourof Andrew Jack- 
eon, IH'AI. 4. 'The Antfidiluviann, or the 
World l)*.-elroyi-d,']840. 

fAiipIelon'ii CycloimdiiL of AmFrirnn Bi-nncn- 

pby 1 T. II. 

writiT'it dili)^>tii-». Till?' Diart' WHO printed 
MACHIN ur MACHYN, KENUY , bviht^CHmd.-n Sicif-lv in lt*4>^,beiug edilwd 

(HOh:-' i;.(i:i:-), <lisni.1. b-im abont I49H, by J. (1. Niifjil.. 

A family nf tlic name ivns conticctM with 
nioucoBtt-Tnliin^, and of thif brunch TnOMA* 
Machks (1.M5K 1H14> was di-my and ftdlow 
of Maeddien 0>ll'?m', Oxford ( ll.A. I'>87«id 
M.A. lo9L'),a student of l.inroln's Inn 1589, j 
M.l*. for UlouL't'BicT iuI'Jl4. uud uUlertQoa' 
and thrice mayor of i bo town (cf. HioxAii, 
Ma'jd, Coll. Jteff. ir. 224). He wan burit-tl 
in GIoucMtlvr Cathudra), and an ulaborat« 



wanl niirdi'ii'T, u rno|>er. on 7 July lo(C9 
iiti.f. 2S7). Tbf intpowt mftnifc«ti>d by tlio 
diariat in the families of two p«r6onii nam^ 
John Hcjith hai sup'{rcdti.-d a Tclationgliip 
between bini and thvm: th« one, a wirReant 
of ihf kinf^A bnki'hous^, died in the autumn 
of loGl CiA-p.y>; tht'ylln'r.aiiiiinl'.T-atAintfr, 
lived in FencLHn!h Stn-t-t, and died in the 
FprinfT of 1 lj-!J3 (ib, ij. 32 1. Kni.-li Ml u widow 
named .\n>ii-x. Alr.->. Hcntli. tht! iminler- 
Biaint-r'a wife, mav i>ossibty have W-n thu 
diuriKt'ii fcijitor or lUiJtJbtw \'f>. p. 106). 

Marhin kept n diar^', which in flill ex- 
tant, from July looOtill Au(rwt 16fS3. Th« 
earliest entries n-cord in detail the func 
which he pruvidt.-d in ibi* way of huain 
but in February louO-i lie made a uot4 
Bishop UanlinerV coiniuitlnl to thi> Toweri 
and tbencefnrlh h« intnntiH-rMMl hiit de«cn[^ 
lions of funerals with account* of thtt chief 
public c'Vrntt, paying expi-ciul nl()<iitiim to 
thfl city pnfieantei and im-^identa in the re- 
ligiouH jtmiTRlee. Machin was the earlivKt 
writer to des^rib«^ tlio lord mayor's show. . 
The manuscript of the work b at the Ilritiah ^^H 
MuKUm (Mfi. (.ittlon. ViMUus F t.), bai^^M 
was sevendy injiin-d in tin; flr»j at the Coi- 
tonian Librnry. After rt>mainin(( neglected 
till 1820, tht! injured Icavf* wire carefully 
! repaired 1^ Kir Fn-drrirk Mmlden. Sirvpn 
I used the mnnusRript in hia ' Ecc1fi#iaeti<»l 
. Mt'OiorialH and AiuinU,' and cunioiuudnl thut 



, PX- 

Tb«^ 
.-raU^B 



woH. BcrordinR to his own iwrplexing account. 
fifty.!.i\ (in III May I.Vil ( Ihan/. p. *i31, and 
aixty-eix on 20 May 1 o(!2 ( iL p. 2rt;t ). Hi^ wafi 
a citizen of London, dwt.'llin^; In thepnrifih of 
Trinitv thri Little by Qiiwnhitho, and calls 
himself a merchant tailor, lint liia chief 
occupation secma to have been llial of a 
funiii^licr of fuiieroU. IIi> wa« a diivoiit 
catholic, ant) welcomed Mary'a ooceaaion 




Machin 



109 



Machin 



nuDanu-nt to his tn«iitory ytJU BUnds thore 
(•eeprint in KnsBluiKB's Histary 4^Glaucn- 
tvr). Ills wil« Christian, whom be married 
in 1664. died in Il!15. 

AnotBer foniil^' <>f Macbon ttu kiiowa in 
YotkahifB. JoiisMACHoX(I''i"2-iWOr'>,»rin 
of Jtdm of >[iicliiin Bancko, SbwITiL'lil, grfl< 
duatod B.A. frotn MaBdaI«n CaIlMg«, Dxfonl, 
16M; was Ticar mABtwi, Warwickshire, 
11103. nitd ot KiilHy- StalTtnTlahirv, WX; 
CAUnn nf Lichfii^lil, l*i:il ; master of th<> hos- 

rital of St. Jobu's (le ForbreKe in Staffgrd, 
033; and vicar oniaribum.Nonhamplon- 
■htte, 1632. H'ln *on John Muchnn (^ItX)^ 
l«r9)mdtwt«l B.A. lUJI and M.A. \&Hi 
from Maedalfi) Hall, iKford, iras mruU'r 
of Christ • lluxpiial at i^bcrbouroe, a, 
Unrtuini, and vrua fathor of ThomoA Mn<^ho^ 
{d. 27 F«b. 1072 '3). ctiapliiiu to Prino.- ICu- 
pert, master of Si. Jahii tUu Bai>ti«t'it Hu»- 
natal. Lichfield, from It)7l, ana canon of 
l^ieiiSeld (ww Kootcr, i'ititntiano/ Durham 
and Aiumni 0.ran. Iri0()-I71 1). 

On« ]>EWIi» Machix <_;?. l*J08)waa author, 
iuoollabonitioa with Cl^va-tf^ Marlchatn fq.v.'', 
of a comedy- callwl 'The MiimU) Kiiiicht,' 
Loodoo. 100^1683. Macbin^igiuthoadarosa 

* To the Undvntandinii KvnJvr.' Tliu piecv 
U ihrou^houl in blank Terse. Sbirte^tnakea 

• casual rvfcn-ncL' to il in his ' Hxampln,' 
1037. ll i« r^priatad in l)odAl«v's 'Old 
PUTS,'ed.lUxli«,x.l08aq. 'Thre^ Ecloffs' 

• hj Jlaehin an> Hnpvndud to William Bont- 
««c<)'s'\lirrha.']iti»7. 

plaofajii*s Dlarr (Oamdea Soc.) and authnri- 
liesatad.] S.U 

MACHm, J()[IN' (l(t24-mM), ejected 
noDOonfarmist. nnlv son i>f John Slachin 
id. 12 Marrli lILVt)', wa* K.m at Si-fthrid|(f, 
in the pah&b of fitukp-upon-Tniiit, Stafibrd- 
ahire.on 2 Oct. 1624. Tlis father hold (be 
frvrhold of lUn Seabridpi .v-ttnte. whiob hud 
been in his family alum \'>S\. Ilia mother 
waa Eathvrinv \ nroon of vVudloy, StalTonl- 
■hise. He wsa edueat4>d u»dt-r Uns« of Nt-ip- 
caatle-aod«r-LTDe, and John Hull of Wbit- 
mofV^ Staflbrddiir«. .Vl lir»t hu was moant 
far tke bar, ihen trained to farmtog as u 
couBbT oenlleuan, and * given ta txxtk- 
fightt. ta Oeoemtnr 1&1& he was admitted 
»t Joaua Calico*, Ounbridgo. Shortlv afl»r 
tliii be dates ais * ooarereioti.' In 'March 
1B16 b« was ill of *a danjcerons iipolte>l 
barour,' and after hi» recovery 'mt np a 
nweting' of some scboUam for religions pur- 
pOB W ,' whidi he continued f!>r somo years 
•Iter he t«f\ the unirersity. ILv commenced 
BhA. in l&4t), and !n the 'same year r««ived 
pnabyterian ordination at WhiCcburch, 
Shropahin. For about a irear he preached 



in SlalFonlahtrtf and Chuabire without fixed 
charjre. In 16A0 he ««.-ttlwi aa lecturer ev^ry 
othwr Sunday at Ashbome, Dvrby«hire, 
proacbing on th« alternate Sunday in the 
ooantr>- round. la the sprtog'or 11^2 hu be- 
came kviuivr at Athertlou" Chap«L in tli« 
purish of MancvttLT, Wurwickshirts. He was 
the *one Mai'Iiam, a iiriiMl in lii^rh aoix>unt,' 
who pr\'«cribfd physic and bloo<1iMtin^ for 
(ieor>ieFox, tlicqunkvrfoundf.T. On l7Nor. 
10.'i2 hfl waa calli?d to Asthur^-, Chtvdiire, as 
Iwct.iirer, nnd n-moved from Atht^rsloue in 
lb*- spring nf IftW. Al hi* own coat (Sf. 12*. 
pLT niiuum) he H't up a * doub1» lectnrv ' in 
IwrlvdStnffordshiretoT^Tison th'-last Friday 
in each moiiUi, Hi; dcrisod r,hp plan on 
'M July 11.V.'. and b»vaii its e.vvcuiion uu 
■I Au^. liVvl. The lost lectnnf wa* diUi^erwl 
on 2 Jan. ItKJU. Walker buys h« was nre- 
6L-ntcd to the rectory of .■V»tl»iry in lll-VI. 
Thia iijipears t'rrontous, for ' by the coming 
of another iticumli(-iit'((]i.>orgi< Monon Lq.r.j) 
his prvachinfc at A.=tbury waa limited to 
(iltemale Simdiiyo, j^ivini; him opportunity 
to pursue hid ministry,- nt 1arf^\ Machin and 
Miixdti livwl together at thL* r«tory lii>u»e. 
On 17 Mav Ifflil be obtained iho p^'petuul 
curacy of Whitl&y Chapel, in iho puriih of 
Crwit Bildwonh, Cheshire. The thiifurniily 
Act of 15»2 I'j^-clwl him from this cure, but 
he appf^urs to have rt!mA)ui.<d nt Wbitley, 
pr«aebin^ lliL-re uud in the neighbour] lood 
until rhe litTt Convent icle Act came into 
force (1 July 1(164). He was then in bud 
hi^lth, find rvmoTed to Seabridge, whcrv lie 
dii'rt of malignant frvcr on Tuesday, (5 Sept. 
lOU-l- lie was buried on IH Sepl.'at Ncw- 
nastle-undfT-l .yno. He marriett ai t'ltun-ler, 
on 29 8«pt. lO'lS, Jane, daughter of John 
ItutltT, and had four or livw chiMrfii.incIinl- 
iiicSamm-l (6. 13 Nor. lti&l,rf. i^l) July 1722). 
JoliTi (rf. 5 \u^. 1 7-1 1, aged (J2 years and II) 
uiourhfil, and Sarah. 

Hh publiftli'il iwthinB, and is known only 
from '.\ Faithful Nnrratioii ' of his life, put- 
littbiil anunymously in ltt71,12ajo, with u 
'lin-tatory epiitl.- ' by Sir Charles H'olseley. 
Acconhng to Philip uenry fq. t." thw author 
w«s Hpnry Newcome fa. v.] of -ManehcMor, 
who liAd prt«^fd Mocliin at Aatbury. It ia 
nn eiicellent specimen of later puritan reli- 
gioiM biography. It was reprinted in Clarlin's 
'Livt* of Sundry Eminent pBreons ' (1(183). 
and repubU*Ued in 1709, ]2nio, with notes, 
by Gwrgv Burder [q. v.], who married a de- 
scendant nf .Miu-hin. 

[Ncirminic'H Faithful >'armtion, 1671; Qoarfo 
Vox\ JiMimal, 1691, p. 4; Culnniy** Aceouot, 
IJIS, pp. 13.5 »q,; Cftlamy'sCwitiniiaiiuo, 1727. 
i. 170; Walker's Sufltrings of (lie Clergy. 1714. 
p. S6I ; Lib of Philip Uonry (Williams), t»U, 



Machin 



no 



Machin 



p. 268; BnVer's M»inoruil» of m Uinaeutiug 
Chdi'L-), l8Bt. pp. B2, li»; Head's CoDgloun, 
1887, ]tp.l86.35l.] A. O. 

MAOHIN, JOIIX (<J. 1751), aatrooomer, 
WHS r-l.x-tcfl n fi:]lr>w of tlii-i Rovnl Society nn 
SO Sov, 1710, acted as iu st3cretary mm 
171N to 1747. and sat on the committer 
appointed liy tliii Humu body In 1712 l.o in- 
VL'sli^rnti) the dutiiitii between Newton and 
L''U\n'i{z(\\'El.l>,Jliatf>ni o/ffi/' lioffftl Society, 
I Jill)- "n 1« May ltd li.. -uco-Hdfd Dr. 
Torriiino [tj- v.] a* pr«fe*'<ir tif ftstTonoinv in 
GrfsliiiinCi.ilk'pe,and held thu poat until bU 
di'ntli, \vliii"h iicoiim?d in T.ondon on 11 Jitno 
17r>l. Machin cnjoyi-d a tii^ti mnllinmitiical 
rpptitiitimi, bill his nttempt to rectifj' New- 
ton'fl Iminr llwnry in liin *Lftvr? of the Moon's 
Motiuii according to Grnvitv,' appended to 
Mottrt's trnnslntiun of tho 'l*rLncipia.' Lon- 
don, ]72fl,was a poor perforuiancv. Jli« iu- 
genioiis (jtiadraturu of tlio circle was investi- 
gtttud by llurtoii (J'mch, i. 200), aiid liu 
<;orai)iit*'d ill 170('i llm vjiliu? of ir bv IIiilii-y'H 
meiEiod to one hundred ]>lucea of ducininlii 
(JfiSKW, Si/niip:'{x Pitlninrwniirt Malh^an).', 
p. 2-l;l). A larjie work on lliii lunur thi^ory 
ta1<i>n in liand tiy liim in 1717 never saw the 
lifllit, hilt ft ma.*^ of hie rannuwripts id pn;- 
scrvi'il by ihf lioynl Astr»nnmicfil Society ; 
ftnd, writing to Jimes in 1727, ho unfertcd his 
cliiim to till! parliauuMUiiry tx-wiird of 10,01X1/. 
for ftiueiidiiiff llm luunr ladles (ICkiaud, 
Oarrr^prmdeTifv of Snmtijir Men. i. 2^0), 

MacLlu r-untrikiilmL to ihc ' PLiloHiiptiiciil 
TransnciidnB; ' 1. ' Inrentio Currio quam 
corpus ihwritndenx lirovis-iimn t'.'inpon* (!,.«• 
(WriVwt' {sxx. KHO). 2. * A Cfts*> nf n DU- 
tcmpered Skin" (xxxvii. 299). 3. 'TIiv Si.hi- 
tioti of Kfiih>r'« Prohh^m' (xl, 20">). Hi* 
quadrature wu^ reprinted in MaAeres'a ' Use 
of the Nt'galivo Sij^n in ^Vlgehra ' (p. 289). 

[London Mng. zx. 281 : Nicbob'i IlluAr. of 
Lit. ir. 23: Hi^aad'a Corrosp. of .Scicnrilk Men, 
vol. i, piiAsini ; Wru'b JJibl. Biit-l A. M. C. 

MAOHIN or MACHAM, UnBKRT 
(^. 1S44I, li-jjoudu.n,- diBcovemr of Madeim, 
id itllf-^fd lo hove been an English »quiiv, 
who, liiivinff conceived il violent poMiou for 
Anim d'Arsul or IXirsiC, driUKliterof a power- 
ful nobli- high in tin- favour of Edward Ill.fcU 
inlodUsrrace. The lovers, bow ovtTfa.r« aoid to 
liavf I'so-ip'-d fniin England ; at orniy weather 
drovft their veepel out into the occau, aud 
«fl»-r Ihirk-rn dnvs on fl March 1344, ihey 
eijfhted a w>iode<} island, and Inndcd ut u port 
which they named Mnchico. While .Machin 
und a few compnninns were on land tho i4iip 
was once more driven out l« sea. In her 
dABpiur ftt this fiisfmtT .\nna. airwidy worn 
out by the fati^rue of the vojngv, died ; her 



lover. ofVer urociing s tomb to her moots 
eflcappd with hiii roirvivin); cotorade? to Mu- 
roccD ill A boat which they made from the 
trunk of a troe. Tliw Moors received th(« 
caittawavG kindly, and cnnbk-d thorn to pa^s 
oxar to t'paiu, whence theyr«.'tiimvd Vil-.ng- 
land, Anothiir v.T»ion of the legend makex 
KoWrt die of griefin tins inland. Thesiory 
of the fturvivora is said to have Micoumj^ 
.Spanishand Fori ugucfcndventMrera 1/1 search 
for llii^ inland, whit-li whk liiiiilly discovered 
by (ionsalvi'i Zurco in lilt*. 

Thy whole «tory of Macliin must be re- 
jrnMcd Qs n imr.^ le^^end. Ajiparontly the 
lirsi iiubiLMlivu mention of Macliin occur* in 
thp'I)escobrinii'nto.*'iif the Portnyiiese m'o- 
grupher AntunioGaIvano( 1 TO3 ITi'i? ),wiicro 
a niiingrt* veriiion of the above «ory is (riven. 
This work, which WTWcomplciod after ir»65, 
wtt.t printwl in 1563, aiid is now n very raro 
book. Hnkluyt pub1i«hod an Eu«liah tnin»> 
Intton in IBOI, and this was rvpnnted with 
the Portupiicse text by tj>e Hnkluyt Society 
in \)*tt'i. The fuller version is due to a nar* 
mtiivof the discovery of .Mad)?ira attributed 
to Francisco Aleofurado, one of the w^uircK 
of Prince Henry llin Xaviiinlor; in lhi» ae- 
; count the storv of cho lovers' Aifiht is nar- 
' rated at coiu<iili>rablo lenj^h, and Machio's 
chriKtiaii iiamc is givwi na Linnel, while hiH 
couijianion in called ArabitUu Uarcy. Tlii.* 
version was fir*t published al)out 'lIMlO by 
Fmncisco Monoel do ^[t■llo in hi.=( ' 1*>pana- 
pIiom.s;' a Fninch ventinn Hiijiimn.'d in 1671, 
and from this n tranalution into Kn;;lish wa« 
miidi? and publisht-J in ]iJ7'\ under the title 
'An Ilislorical Relntionof th.> first Hiscovery 
of .Madera : ' a htttr l-'ngl i«h edition appoannl 
in 1750. and another*-ersion in 175(1 aa'Xhw 
Affecting Story of Lignel and Arnbidla.' 

.\a a matter of fact it would appear from 
a jiortuian" dated Jai5l, and im-eerved at 
Florence, that .Mndi'ira bad been <liK>iivvr\>d 
by Qenoefie eailora in ihii Port upirvse wrvice 
lonp prior to the alleged dutc uf Machiii's 
voyat'e. At Machivo "in Madeira Bowdich 
ftayfl that he saw an altjir-piece "iu memo- 
riani MacHn,' toi^mher with a pit-co of m 
rrrkw which bad \)WA urecled by the fapi- 
tivps; he also adda llmt im old painting in 
the Rovemment houM at Fimohal depicted 
an incident in the story. Th« legend is 
introduced iuto Zurirueida's poem, • Doscobri- 
tnenCo da llha da Machtira,' Lisbon, 1800. 

[Antonio Oalvano* D<»oubHm.pnt>M (llakUijt 
Sooiply); Au Hi»lon<«l ICelnii.^ of the firat 
DuwoTorj-ofMadeni. London, 167S; Bowdich'a 
EscurwMB in Madeim. pp. 7^-4. Ijondon, 1824; 
Birtjrmphio UnirerselU; Nouvelli> Biogn^ibia 
Gi'-iijral«; EiKTrlapwiliu BriLanaioa,Oth od «.r 
'Madeira;' Brit. JIua. Cat] C L, K. 



I ^ 



Machlinia 



IIX 



Macihvain 



MACHMNIA, WILLIAM dh {fi. 
\\iSi~\AWU pnntar, nppc-ani, w IiU dkiho 
dvnottis, to lisro been n nativv of M<H-liltiiin 
liKljniiai. It i.siiriwrtoiii wlii'iiliefirstfameto 
Knglond i>r wlit ii Li; lirit bygau toprint , l»wt in 
14tt.'!ie wasini>nr1nir>hip witl>.I<ilin Lsttou 
fq. \. '■ f'jrf-jmu uiinii lui at u )>rititing-[iro68 near 
thrcinm-hof AUSiiiitsinlliecilj^ot'Loiidrtn. 
Thiers tbi'V print»Ml lh« firei udiUoa of Uie 
'Tuo'irrr* S.nflU,' liv Sir TtioniM Llttlettm 
Iq, v.1. and a f<>w otfier worits. Kmm uboul 
1483 to 14jS.1 Mnchliiiin wim rrNidliig aiono 
■H«r tlie t1t.>«t Itri'lffe, wlw-n- hi- printed 'Vul- 
TiM^ncii,' AlbonuH Maguus'a 'Liber 
■t^lioDu " and ' St-cri-tii MiiHiTum.' the 
rvelation to a Monk'^ of Fvesham," ' Honi' 
•d luum ^rum,' and « f«w ottu>r book*. 



di.'rivin([ the eubji>cCfi of iiix fi|;un>>ulctiirfl« 
fmm hi;7h1and blMnrr and familiar life. Is 
1W3 lit- pixidnci'd 'the BaltU. orCiiUodea' 
and ' A fliehlnnd Ft-iid,' and in the sunic yt'ar 
Ilia ' Hii;UlaTi<l CVuraach defvndiair a J'tuu' 
wa8e\IiibiJ'-0 in the Itoval Ai-adeniy. Ooeof 
hisuioK auibttioiit) elI<ji1^'AiiIiici<Jnil iu the 
lievoluliijiiary War of America' (ibe l-Vaser 
liigfaluidtTS at StonL'-fctTv), vr6£ exhibiti^d 
in till? KriyiilHciiitiali AeailmuTin 18M. Th» 
natimial clinractiT of bla nul>ject« rendered 
thu impTivinL'" from hix pictures vcr>* popular 
intlipiitifhlnnda. and biswrtrlinn ''fht^t'laM 
ortb<> Scottish lli^Udiiibi,' Ulusiratt!<l from 
bis oricinnl xVotrhi-s of costiunM, arm^, Xo., 
publi^ndl in 18t^, was roisniibd in 18o~. Ho 

.. wasfleclednniui«)cisteof tbeliovalScottish 

From abiMit 14*io ho had a prcm in Holbom, Academj in 165i?, and died at UampL«U'ad, 
h«n h« printwl 'The Cbronick-s of Knjf ' 13 IVw. ISiitS. 

si;' Conutus'Ou the Pcstilenw'f perhaps M'lan's wife, Mrs. Fanny Mian, was long 

eaoMqaeaoDofthat which raauil ill London a leavbur in tbu fviualo Echool of deei)n)f 

tlw flnt ynar of ll.-urr Vll)— of tbia h<i , SiimiTni-i IIoum-, l^ndon (nr-i* 5lAfTt?,»DT, 

tliree etlitions; iJie ' Sjiwculum Chris- i Kfminueencff,\>j\.ti.) She exhibit^] works, 



a lipw law tx^ik.*, anil n bull of Inno- 
it ^^^ (date*I 2 ilarch HAVtl), buiiiif a 
t'ibnmdsido relating to llenrj Vil's lill•^ ami 
iBUTiajzr. About twpnty-two hooka are al- 
lotted to Maciiliuia') ;>re«a, some beinff onl^ 
known by a few detached leavps : otiP edi- 
tion of (.'.inutuj 'On iIk- K-slilcnet',' printed 
fcj Mmbliniii, hfu a »<-pnrate titlo*pa|^, an 
inn<rvati<iR not known in Kngland before 
1491 -2. MachUtiin nppwin> to have been sitc- 
cMdodaa a primer by lUchard Pynson [q. v.j 

(laformaiioB from E. Oonlon Diiff, c*q. ; Bril. 
[Jfina. Cni. at Early Knglisb Booka to I6-14; 
-Ames* Typographical Antiqaitiei.] L. d 

MACIAKovGLEKrvK. [See MAcDO^fALD, 
Alcxxm'EU, d, Id9i.] 

H1AN, ROBKRT ItONALl) (1803- 
F'lfiM), painter of historical subjt.'ctf'. burn in 
1B03, n^u doocendad Iroai lb>.- old M'laiui or 
Macdonnldft of Qlencoo. Ar^yll.ihire. In his 
«&rtT year» he was an actor, a member of the 
Batn and Bn»tol company; and on tho t/tn- 
. donMa^ h« atuacled uttenlion by biaepirited 
. xvpTMeutationa of ouch hightand characters 
«a ibe liouffal Croiaturc in tho'Twa Drovers' 
uf SoDlt. ^lt■an\vbtlu hv liad been diligently 
tnunid^ himitelf tn art. In 18^ and ItiS7, 
while acting in tbu Enitlit^b Opera iloim, 1m 
exhibit"! in tho BuAidk Stm^t (iailery, and 
in 1836 he B«nt a landscape to the Royal 
Academy. In 1838 be wm eniftigft at Co- 
TBDlGafden, andin 1«.W at Drurv lAne.but 
in the latter year be abandoned the ^a^>, 
«nd deroted himMlf <'ntiivly tout, onti'ring 
upon tbu purinit with oil the energy of a 
jMUticolaHy rjithusiaslic tempentmcoC, and 



if !i similnr rhnrjictrr to thiBin of her lion- 
bfljid. in t-hfi Knyal Aanlemy, Knyal Scnttiah 
Academy, and the British Institution. Her 
'ITigblnnder defending his I-'iimity at the 
JiBHncre of Glencoe ' baa been eiigmvud. 

[K»lirr»TC'« DietionJiry ; BrTiinirii Art i pi Scot- 
law'l ; Eshibilirin Cal&lc^uee.] J. M. O. 

MACIIWAIN. r.E<iROE(1707-lKS2), 
medii-nl wril*fr, born in 1797, wm the aou of 
an Irish pounirr snri^nn, who hml been a 
pupil of .John Afwmethy ( I7t» l>*.*tl ) [i\. v.] 
In IHlJ ho was likewi<«tt>-nt to stiidv uiidt-T 
Aberuethy ut St. flartholi)m«w's hospital, 
and wfi« ndmittoil a member of th« Koval 
Collep-'of SurifL'onjt ou 4 Sunt. 1«IS, being 
(decleJ bouoinry ftJlow in \^'A. Fortwentj- 
years h>-VFikisurf;eun totheFiiiflhurvI)i!iiw>n- 
Bary. niiJ tviniKirarily to tln' I'ever Ilocpitul, 
bftinp appnintfd rnn^uUing aui^rwin on hi* 
Tetireaitful . He wnsalsoconsiLltineaur);eoa 
to St, Anne'sSnciety sebnAU, and !^u^feon to 
the City of London Truss .Society. In prac- 
tice be wuH op[>o«ed to indiAori inmate ainpu- 
lulioii and tbo use of violent purgativue. 
He wan besides nn uacomprotuixiog I'oe to 
viFiscction. In 1871 begareuphiacbamberit 
in the Ojurtyard, Albany, riccadUly. Urn- 
don, where ho bad resided ainoA Novi-mber 
1833, and rvlirwl li> Matching, near Harlow, 
E»«vx. llv died ai Mulching on "Zll Jan. 
IBS!. _ 

Marilwain was member of the Itoyal Itt> 
Btitntinn. fftlow and for aomo time vice- 
president, of Ibe Itoyal Medicti-Chirurgical 
Society, and aiember of tho Itoyal Iriiili 
Aoadviny. 

In IHoS Macilwain published i&nibling 



■ 



p 



but «ulert.ainin){ ' Memoin of Joba Ahei^ 
ncihy,' 2 vole. Hvo, l/oudtni, a eecoQcl edit ion 
twinR called for during the ^me jenr. In 
tUi^i cumpilaLion bu ww luttitftud by Ab«r- 
nelliy'j<fajiiily. Tlirt third edlrion (1 vol. Svo, 
IBtjO) rontjvins important atlditiuns. 

Mttcilwniirs clii'.'f rrn"iic*l writiiiHS urs: 

I. ' A Treiatifte on Stricriire of the bretlim,' 
Hvo, Loadon, 1)S21; ^nd edition, vntitkx] 
'Surgical Oberrvations on . . . I)iaffiae9 of 
the SiucouB CumU of iLe Bodv,' If 30. 
'2. ' Clinical Ub»ervationH on the Constitii- 
tioiul Origia of tho vuriuus Forma of Por- 
rigo,' yvi>, l>iMiloii. 1W13, 3. 'JCeiuarks on 
the Unity of the Body,' 8to, London, 1836. 
4. ' AK-diciiiu nud ^jur^^-ry oue Inductive 
Science; 8vo, l.i>inIon, 18:18. fi. ' TIid Gene- 
ral Nature nadTi^ntmunt of Tiiinuiirs,' 8vo, 
lionilon, H^-ttV fi. ' l{<-.mftrka on Vivisec- 
tion,' Svo, London. 18-17. 7. 'A Clinicol 
Memoir on SlrangulBted Ileniiii,' f^vtt, Lon* 
don, 1858. 8. *On thp IiiutiUey of Cruel 
Kx|»'riu]«nls on Living Animals in thePro- 
socution of I'M'siolo'^icikl Ut«iMircli'3S.,' Svn, 
Loudon, 18IMJ. a ri'ply to tho report of the 
I'jiri.* coiiimissimi on vivisection. 9. 'll'>-' 
ntarks on (Jvuriutomy,' 8v'), London, I80.'t. ' 
10. 'Hiiri^iwii (JommeHtarte*, first serioa,' 1 
8vo, Ijondon, 1888 : no moru vtok uubliehtid. j 

II. ' Viviwctitin : hwng Short Comments | 
on . . . tho KvidencQ ^ivon bL'fori; ihi; Itoyal , 
ComtaisBign,' 8vi], Lundoti, 18/7. 

He fll*o publUhpd in tKh Amprimn'Tran- i 
eylTaniiin Joiininl 'and thi< London ' Medii-ul I 
Timoti'nn ' Analy.*is of Kev^r, in Lectiirca.* 

[Lti[ii:i'[. 28 Jiiu. 1882. p. Ufr : Medical Tluiw, i 
28 Jim. 1H^2. ji. 107; I'ref.vce to Macilwain's 
Mcmiiir* i>f John Al -i-rutil liy ; Landou uud Pro- , 
viiii.-iul ^Il^iil^ DictMlury.] 0, O. I 

MACINTOSH. [Sm alsoMACKlSTosn.] 

MACINTOSH, CH.VULE3(ir60-1843). 
cht'iTilst ii'iii iavriilcr of waI<?r»roof fabrit-a, 
■on of t;..(irp* Mftcintosli of Glasgow, mer- 
chant, and gf Marv MiHin-, waj» burn B,t 
Ql&»)^w on :A> l)<<c. l7Ht1. His materoo] 
LHcle was Dr. John Moore [ij. v.], ihii fnthwr 
of GenBml Sir John Mmn [q. T.l llf was 
uduciitud ui the i^rammitr scliool at (ilm- 

£>w, and alterwaidi at a srhnol at, ('iittt^ricU ■ 
ridpi, Yorkdliirp. Ana. youth hewaspluced 
in the counlina-bonse of Mr. (liii.*ford, a 
OIUf{;on- merchant, bnt all hia spaa' lumra 
wopti devottnl to aoience, e»pecittlly to chf- 
mistry, ami \w oltcndfld th« leoturoB of Dr. 
^Villiom Irvine [q-v.] at Glaa{COW.and Intrr 
ihoao of IV. Joicph Bliick at KcHnburyh. 
Tin.'d of the lif« of a clerk, h« embarkwl lM?fr>re 
he waa Cn-cnty y^-ar* of «)» in the mnniifiic- 
turoof salamtnoniac. In 1786hBintrotliic"i 
from Holland tho mADufiictuTe of sugar of 



Wd, and about tho aatne time he coiiuiiienc«d 
niaki»)( aeotntu of alumina. He also mad« 
important improvements in thi; manufacture 
of Prussian blu«, and invented varioim pro- 
(les.ie* for tlvt-ing fnhricii- In 1797 hw jstartvd 
thd Jirst uUim wnrVa in St^otland, th« ma- 
lirinl mniilov'-'d being the abiminoiio schista 
of the esliHustHl coal mint-i nt HurltM, n^ar 
Piiidef. He subsequenily became connected 
with tharlos Tt^onant of ht. KoUox chemical 
works, near Okij^ow, and it mmmt that lio 
was the actual inventor of the meFbod of 
making <;hloridu of Itmt!, or bluachinR'powdfT, 
patented in Tennnnt's name in ITw, tho 
manufacture of ■which waa the »ouri:e ofjirftat 
wealth to tho [iroprielons of ihii St. Kullox 
works. Maciuto;>h r^tiri'd from thi- concnni 
ill 1814. Ha established in 1809 a yea.n 
manufactory in ihr. RormiKh.biit it failed in 
cunsequeuce of tli4<oppo.iitionof the I>ondoii 
briMn-cm. 

In 1825 Sranintosb nbtiiinftd a patent (No. 
5178) for coni-ertin^malleable iron into ft«vl, 
by exposing;' it nt a white heat to the action of 
{([asea charjired with carbon, fuch, for instance, 
u common coal gaa. The convt-mion van 
completed iua futv bQun,wbUutheproceaenf 
' cementation,' aa it is eiillisl, rr<[iiin-!» Bevcral 
days, but the method did not anawer coramnr- 
cially, on account of Ibi- pmi-tifnl riirticiiltv 
of kwpinf; the furnace gac-lif^hi at the hiirli 
ti?iti|n-ratiiri* nwmirwl, The speclficalion of 
the patent war^ arawn up with the aMiftauce 
ofDr, WoltBston,&ndthethooryoftho|>ro<?«:v 
was the sniijwt of an exhaustive paper bv 
Dr. UuB-h C<}lc{uhona(Aimaia€/ PMi/'fiopAjf, 
18'2fi. xii. -J), who carried out the wirly •■jc- 
periments iu conaeciion with the invention. 
The method waa not all^v^tiii^r m-w when 
Macintosh toob out his patent, for ProfeiuoT 
Viamara had jiri'si-nlc^d n pniwr on ihe aut^ 
ject to iLl- Royal Ini>ritut.> oi .Milan in |8?4. 
which was publiKii'Hl in ' (iioraale di liLiicn,' 
182o, viii, IVH). .Macintofih took jjTcat interest 
in Ihu itianuructure of iron, and ho n-ndtired 
much njtsiRtanrero.IunivH Beaumont Netlaon 



[q. V.Jin 1 8i8 in brin^in^liis'hot-blact' pro- 
cess into use. Xi'ibonaasi^edlnbimafcharw 



in th(4 jmlent, and MociritoMh thus liecami 
a parly Ixi ih*- te^lious and cosily litimtioa 
wuii'li eOEUed. and which woa only bnkuiilit 
to a clone in May 1843, a few months bofore 
his death. 

Among the operations carried on by Uoc- 
intofih wua the (rvAtment of the refuM oftnm 
works for obuininjt various useful prodiirtK 
and it was hiii endeavour to ntili«e tho coal 
naphtha obtained as a bv-pmduct in the di*- 
(illation of tar thai led to the invention 
Ihe waterproof fabrics with which his nm 
i» associated, Tokingadvaatageof the known 



N 




Macintosh 



"3 



Macintosh 



m action of nnphtha no imlia-ruliWr, 

be took out s fint^ni m \&i3 (No, 4r4>4 » for 

liwk)ngwal«r|ir<»iir tubrivA 1>jr<.-racnlin|^lwo 

tlucknesse» to^lier wiib iatlii'rubb^ di»' 

AolT^din oaphlbA. Works were »tarl«'l in 

Muuhe#i«r for carrying out iho invention, 

Siewn. IIirl«Y Kipi^j'iiig n poniou of the rv- 

qoinl«ca|nl«l,an^in 1825Tiioiniis Haiicuck 

*t<Pok out ft lic^n«i> iinilvr the {>at*-nt, whti'li 

erentualtT led lo amrtneraliip irith the IkEitn- 

cbmiTlinn i^iH-w 1Um.'iiik,Thi.i«\»j, Tianj 

pncticAl <liltit;i]ltii-9 Wl tn hi* ovi>roome,biit 

the nml^risl man cune intn ilsp, anil as Mrly 

im» April l^':^^ Mariiitosli wna in cotrmpona- 

rcfuetritli SirJ'ilin Fnnklinontliesubject of 

! • sopplj of w»i*r|)roor caavns biw», aii^lK-da. 

I bkA pJloTS for use on an arcrti' ovpvfiilinn. 

[Tbe early difQcuUie* in int roJitctiiir ' mikL'ia- 

toahe«,' owing In tlie i^amnco of tbfi C&ilora 

•ful tbcir unrotuliuvsc to follow .Muviuto<Li'e 

advice in conkinc up waterproof ff)imienl«, are 

[ amtuinKly deecnbml by Hancock (^Harratice, 

ip. G^, iic) Krt-nlunllv tliv mantifnctiirvni 

' Cook tlie work of nuiking the ^mtenls into 

(■tliair own h&nds. Tb«i tni'l« fi>ll off ogn- 

Bderohly upon the inirodurtinn of railway;*, 

[''when traviillers wer^ not so much eiposed 

\ta tbrwentlicr a« in Magt-coooht-f. In 1833 

rXacintoab won au ai'lioii fur an iEifriDgoDie>at 

|«f the patent br Ereriof^on & ^n, a firm 

' of ailk aarcura, m Lud^fat^ i^ln>L-t, of wbiL-lj 

Wynaa EUi* [ij. x.'\ wa« a ineuibrr. Sevttml 

l<ef dlB BUwt emiDeot ecientiftc men of the day 

^nv «Ti(I«nm at thu trial, wtich excUm 

iiudi infereat. The pmtv^in)^ reported in 

■It in tbfl ' Mechanics' Maunziiie,' xxiv. 529, 

FAc^ comprise a ooinp1ct<^ bi-itory of the in- 

I TentioiL, Tlu worki> at MaaclifsCet were irra- 

'dually enlarK^- and the mauufooturc of all 

ktotlfof tndiK-rubbt.TariiclaawaaundurtakL-41. 

Tlie concern i* hi ill carried on. 

Uacintoah'flconnection with l\\e manufac- 
ture of intiia-nihb^r wax nlinnat RccJilpiiLal, 
■nd Has fioroewbst obscured hiit fame as a 
cboniat. Hia diacoveriea in that branch of 
flcience \rA tn hU election in l^t^'J asa fMlow 
•of the Itoyal Society. He died at Dun- 
cbatran. n«ar Glawow, on 25 July 1S43. Ho 
marritil in 1700 Slary Fisher. dauKhtnr of 
Alexander Fitber of Ulasgow, mercuaiil. 

(Oeorge Uarifltosb'a Memoir of ClmrlM Mao 

iMto«h. 184'; Ab«trBctiorPiiperacoinmaiiioBt>>d 
Id i1ie> I^t^ai Society, r. 486 ; Tbomaa BuL«>rk'» 
KarT«tiT»of LhoIadia-rnbberUauitfacturo. 18^7. 
j.p. 52-«2, T8-3, »1, 101.] It. R T. 

MACINTOSH, DONALD (1743-180B), 
f$eottishi]oiijurin?l>i^hop,lNrniuI74dQt Or- 
chileuore, nt-ar Killiivrnnkii-, IVrlhsIiirv, wn» 
«>B of ■ B.'tnner and croAtr. After attendini^ 
f be pArioh sclioolf and acting for aome time aa 

tot. XX XT. 



a tearher, htn went tA Rdinbiirgh in th« hope 

' of btMltriup Li* fortune. In 1771 be waa 

' actjn;? oj one of IVrer WiHi«inBou's penny 

! postni>?ii; he next found enipUiv uienl lu a 

. copviii^ ck-rlc, ami was suW-uuently tutor 

I ill iljc'iuaiiiy of Stewart of Onimtnllv. For 

[ some year* froiii ITtJo hewaii emj>l<>yitl in the 

\ oftici.-orMr.]>3vid2Uu, deputy-keeper of thfl 

I aiiruei niid crown a^iit. (*n .10Nov.l7iyS 

he WHS elected to tbo honorary offlca of 

clerk fur ih" rinolic language to the Sooietr 

I of Antiiiuarie^ of Srotlnnd, and hold it untit 

I 1780. In I"tf9 Bishop Brown of I)oiin.>, iho 

anh- n-pmiM>ntiiti V4_- nf thu nonjurin;; episcopal 

cler^' of Scotland, fl.\ed l^n Mnctnlosb aa 

' his i>ucceiwior, onJoiniuti him d<-acon in .luuv 

j 1 7^0, nnd lln-n«fti-r prieai. Ho appears to 

I have had no fised rendeiice, but moved from 

plucQ to placr, as a itiiMionary or iintillttd 

ninhop of Jacobite episcopacy, liUhu finally 

6«ltled in Edinbufjiia. Hi^ mnrle nn untiiial 

lour throtLgL the Purtluliire biehlands hh far 

north lis l^iilf, ndmiiiiMtirJng tlif> wicrameuta 

aud ri-'ligious instruction amang the scattered 

mnnnnt who ownml bia pastoral aiithority. 

In 1701 Macinloah unanceesirfully raised on 

action in the court of session a^imt tho 

manners of tho fund for the rolief of poor 

ScottdiU episcopal clergymcti, wbo !iaa d»- 

prirtd him of hia salary (0/, a year). In 

\'&i\ ha wa8 choaeu Unulie translator and 

keeper of Oaelic recortt« to the Hi|;liland 

Society of Scotland, with a salary of 1<M. 

The calalo^iiL** of UbvLdc MS3. belonRing to 

the Hig:hland Society, and others given in 

Tol. iii, of the Ixmdon Highland Society's 

'Oaeian,' pp. fiOll-'.l, were compiled by 

MacinloebiWho also iranacribed somouf t}ia 

manuacripta. Ho died unoiarried at Kdia* 

burirh on 22 Nov. 1808 (Aw/* Ma^. Ixx. 

flr)8),tb«laat repreaentative of tb^ nunjiiring 

Sootcli vpisoopiil church, and was buried in 

the Grejfriara clmrrhjanl. His library of 

bouk« and manuscriptfl,nuTnbeTU]g about two 

thouMtrul vi>liiiiK-x, hi* baqutwtned to the 

town nf Dunkeld. The bequest wu Accepted, 

and the I ibrari,' is st ill maintained in Duokeld 

tindprth*inamoof'TheMacinto«hLibmry,'lo 

vhich numemiifi ftddit-ionshavefVona limoto 

tiin'.'been made. Noneof Macintoah'amana- 

Bcnptfi, howi'vor, nppcar to have found their 

way to Dunkeld, and th^ir fate is unknown. 

Macintosh was compiler of a mode-il little 

Tolmnu entill>.>d 'A Collection of Gaclio 

Proverbs and Farailiar PhntMit ; . , . with 

an En^liislt Translation. . . . ilhmmtedwitli 

Notes. To which is added The Way to 

Wealth, \n Dr. Franklin. translai>_'d'inio 

na..Oic,' I'Jmo, Edinburgh, ]76o, which, 

though in Mveral rvspccts defective, wa5 a 

\-aluable conLributioii to Celtic Utoraturc, 

1 




Maclntyre 



114 



Maclntyre 



being tho firat collection of Cultic ]jr!>v«rb* 
erpr miuV. Tlio t.mnitliitiim "f Fnmklin'a 
' Way tn Wmlth ' wiis donu by UobL-rt Mqc- 
ilirlaDL', an EdinljuTKb scIiooIiuiuiUt, by ilu- 
sire t>r tho Karl n( Eluc-tmn, to whwin tha 
book is <ledicaUid. Macintush. ccmtoinplatvi] 
II new L'-dilii.ni dOrav time bL-foro his denth. 
The so-callotl ' socaiid utliiioii,' by AJexaador 
CampbeII(lH11]), is very tlincreilitnblu. An- 
utlirr collection biutid un Mitciiilo»li'^ was 
|mblii<hMil iiniiRr the «(!it(>rs!iip of Iir. Alex- 
ttndor Nicolaon in IS.^1. nnd ii\'v.\a in 18.H:f. 
Muciali^Kh did HumL-ttiiuu, too, iu the way 
oEcolb'fiijitf (lid ii(ji-l,r_v. {)n« piece aecurocl 
by liim in Lochabtir in 1784, ' OBordacb Mliic 
Liiin,'fi[i]ii:vir« ill C.iillii.*B*8*Spiin Dxtin,' p. !!33. 

[Ni«)boii'n Oiknlw Provcrlw, 3nd edit., Ap- 
pendii, y\>. -11(5-21.] O.G. 

MACINTYKE, DUNC.VN BAN (17i4- 
18!:i(, lijurlicpocft, ' Dnanaclinb^i HBiiOrnn, 
&ir-bjiir(?d Duncun of tbu eungs,' \\m bnrn 
of liiuubk'pnniulitnt ItniiiuUiigruirt of Olen- 
orcby, ArjryHsIiire, on 20 Mart-h 1721. llo 
buloiigBd to thff nuraiTnim rnce of ' tbe Car- 
penterc,' the ' Clniiii an l.'saoir.' pn'VQ,tfnt, in 
tbftt district of Ibe weitera hijfhlands, nnd 
like otliprs foil iindor tlm pn'dominiitinp in- 
Huviice of tbi; UiiiupbclU, wbo liud grudiiiilly 
mado tbemsplvps Ifirds of theetiil in tbimni 
ngiuiis. Uurieiiiitpunt bii^yoiilbin tbttiqinna 
of the moor mid llje i-iver uiitt] 17 l'>, wln>n 
the YouDR Cbfvalii'r ('Trarlnrh MucShiu- 
mni.-"') r*rrivi?(i in ibn hijfbliindn. Whatever 
hiB privHlc! pn^liletTiion-t, Miw^Inryw, iindt-r 
tbu pnw^urv of the wbicf cf tbi> district, John 
Campbell, flficnnd earl of Itroadnlbnne, un- 
dertook, for tbc sum nf three hundivd marks 
Scots {Oil. 17*. M.), to join the forces of 
tbc ilnnovurian govi^rnmeut as eiib^ttliitu 
for one Fletcher, a. neighbour. Klelchi-r 
cq^uippud bim with hii^ oivii sword far the 
mufcler made l)y Colonel ('jinipbidl iif Ciir- 
whin, and lh« poet took piirt in thn b^ttlfi 
r.if Fnlkirli, 17 Jjui. 17-Ui. But In? rotiiriwd 
from it withom Kia sword, and Fli'tcbor 
dpctinyd lo par liim bix bounty. Maclntyri? 
pmhodi<-(l his f.>elin(5s in a poera on ibo b<ittlo 
(' RIjIt na h'liiiglniwvllrini!';!, in whioli, bi?- 
nidi'M pivinif an animnted iiccount of iIr- 
fmy, hi'lM'Wftilird bi« mi.ilinp with ' the s-vrord 
of the chief of Uifln-fln-l.*uidi,'ir, the jiif^i^vd 
sword of misfortune, without point or t?d(^-.' 
A second poeui on ihv saoio t<uhjcct was an 
jACobil« in it-9 feeling; that it wnn xupprt-nu-d 
in tbr«v of the i-arly cditiona of his works. 
Fletclipr resorted to pi-rsonal vioVnce in bis 
uiiK^T at thi' poi-tV Btrinturea, hut was com- 
pt'lli'd bv till? Hurl (if Urcndalhane to pay 
Mucliityra his ftio, Thu lairl also lande Xmc- 
Intyrv his forciilvr on Beii IMrau and CoiUo- 



Cbeatliaich. To thU act of bountv, aiul to 
finiiIaTconi;<<nin.l traploymunt uuJer Arelu- 
bflld Uanipl)fiH, tJiird diik« of .Argyll [fj. v.l 
in BuBchaili-Eite, w« owe sodii;> of X 
Inlyrc's hanptoit insnimtions. His [»m-i 
on ■ Beinn-dorain ' aiid ' Coin-cht;atbiiicb,' ■ 
which spirit^ English vurftinnK bav*^ btva'j 
couiposL'd by Pn^fcjMor Blncktu iind Mr." 
Kohi-rl Itiieiiiumii, xtund altnont nlurm in' 
llielr vivid di'scriplionsof hif;bland sceneri'.' 
Tb" formi.T in in:tlint^t, lo ii»m llni wiinU of 
John Cftmphcll Shnirp, withTbecl'^arrooLin- 
tsin gladness that eounds in his strain,' and 
is framed in n spiriti-d and vnrii/d mcn^tirv, 
coireaponding, like tbo ' Molailh Sloraip 
of -Vliwd^ir Muc<loimld [w* M^cdonalu, 
Albsaxdhr, 170O?-178Of]. with the cti?- 
tomary cbaiigt-H of the 'piobftirMtehd,' ia 
slow and quick time. For tho habits and 
hauutt) of ihu di'ur bikI the blackcock thu 
poet had the lye of a painter and the ft-eliciT 
of a spurtiinuin. In 'CoiriMihutitliuicb' bw 
(-oiitniiuid of inidliniiouM nn&oiinnre i» njMO- 
ciated with the same insight into nature. 
Tile picturs of the redbresst, for inBtatKv, 
rejoicing 'le nn^ran ijintch,' ■ with hiLHlin^ 
self- importance,' is admirable. 

Puring his life as a fore#t«r Maclntyr* 
tniivlk'd tbtouf^h tin* bigbl«ud*iHeokiny sub- 
scribers to the Jirst odilionof his poems. pub- 
lislnid iii]7L>!*. lie aftenviinls served (li9't- 
1 79il ► ill ' Uf Karl of Hrvadulh»iii''H f<-mible«, 
in which he attained the rank of »T|;eBnt, 
When till' rvpnicnl wikJ* diitliiindrd, in 17Stft, 
h(; joined thi' rity pnard of Edinburg-h, nnd 
actt'd apparently in llietiipai-ily of cook, il'tw 
wife, tbi>' Mairi hAnojr'otoneof hislianpiwit 
love-poems, had chargeof the cHJit>_M>n. Irrom 
18CMJ until biA dentb the banl was ftblft u> 
live upon the produce of his verges, which 
then, aa now, were lii^'hly prired bvth.- rJarl, 
ri« diod at Edinbur^'h in Oclobi.T 181:!. He 
wiLs bnrifd ill (in-yfrinr* clmrehyard. In 
18od n mnnumuntwuservtMed lo him, iindvr 
(Vltii: nnd mnK'>i]ic auapiires, on the Bincon 
Hill nf Brcaflalliane, nu-ar Dalmally. 

Besides tbu works m'-ntionnd Mnclnlyr» 
was Tht* author of niimemus Iov<v.v>njra. 
lyriral and satirical piwcs, and a surrcwion 
of ttimual prize poemc for the Iliglilanil S<^ 
cioty, 17?il-l[». The 'I,ami'nl. for r.Jin of 
tjluijuri',' a jfuntk-tuan of th« Cumplu'll fs- 
milr, who, Ix^ng receiver on the forf-itvd 
Locbicl estate. icU B victim to nn imfw-i-ii 
n.iHii.'win, is a finit eli-gy. Ili<> onfilanjrht on 
John Wilkes, whom he call* ' l"aot:Ii>K.' <ip 
' whelk.' shows plenty of loyally nnd vi- 
tuperative power, and hh ' Lost Farewell 
to tile Hills, composed at the ajje ofmvfHtv- 
cijrhT, indiciLlcs his anient lf»v«' of hi8 hinh- 
laud hoioc and the tenacity of his genius. 



n 



J 



Mackail 



»»5 



Mackail 



BducAtion in Ifte fli*nM of iiutniction Slar- 
lairro Utd noDP. II" otild not wrib^ nnr 
oooM liH 8]itwk l^f^liiib, but it U uid tio 
eoald rapnc all his pocma^ to the nmonnt of 
fltinut «*vM4] thoDKan'l Tonws. Three editions 
of his vrmk^ Vi>ro piihlUtioH in hi« lif^umc, 
in 17tC4, KlK), Ktid 1H04, all at E<liaburgli. 
A t«ntli edition, in 1887, wu jmblitbed in 
the same aXy. 

[MuWnne'i Sar-Obair oam Ban! Omelnch; 
JUid't Dibl. Scoto-Cclllc*; SlacUs'a lugiiage 
■rad LiUratDR! of tbfl Highlands.] J. H. C. 

MACKAIL, nran I ic4o?-n?es),Scr>t- 

lUbmartTr.wiw iMmfitmut HUOnt Ljt>erton, 
tufmr Edinburgli. At an parlr tii^t ho w>;nt 
to mwli* with an unole, rLugfi Mackail, one 
of Ihu tninUij^n of E<linbuT)^h, and cntcrod 
lh» urnvwrmy, wlierp he dUtin^ishud him- 
•elf, ptidtiatiiifr, lui tho records dhow, ill 1^58 
• sab 5C. ThoBui Crufotdio.' Shortly iih«r- 
wardt ho bm^mc thAplain and tutor in tho 
AtnilT (4 air Jauu>a Stuart of Coltness'and 
Ooodire**, then lord pn>vni.t of FWinbargh. 
Id l(K>I,bBiiig clwn in htii twenir- first Tear, 
be wa* UeenMwI by ths prp«byt*rj- of lulin- 
'buf!Kh.3U<InAcnrarditpn'nch'i:l iM'Vi^ral timM 
'With miicli oiicceKs. A Hcroaon ivhicb \n} dv* 
ItTOcd itt the Hi;?h Chureh, Edinbiirt^b. in 
Svptomlwr IW2, in which hi dvikr-.-d that 
*ch« eliurdi of Scotland had b«vii [k-Mm^ititt^ 
"bj in Ahab on thi- ttirono, a Hainan in tli«> 
•Utte-, and a Judaa in lli<' nhiirch,' gsw i>iich 
oRenoe that a party of hone, was aent lo ap- 
preheod kim. IIt> Mcnpcd, hovever, and, 
after lying cnaoeflled in ni^ fflth<^rsliaw*cror 
•ome tim*. rftinKl into Holland, where he im- 

[Piored bia lime by M tidying for wveml yean 
•t • [hitch university. Tliou, TVtimiing to 
Stntinnd. be livod chi*-flynl liisfalber'iiUouHe, 
until in Novenbor 1060 ho joiiiDd a riffin^ 
of th^ corcnanteriL AIl«r ninti dara* tnaruh* 
iap. bowxvvr, bi« weak h<«Ith obliged tiin 
l« leave the iiuiurgf nt«, and on liis way back 
w Idbirrton he waa arriwt/'d, rarried to'Rdin- 

■bUTgh,aud (Nimniittedto the Tolbooth. lie 
wta sertral times broufi^t bcfoni thccoiincil 

' and Inrtnit^d with the boot. Biimot enono- 
OiuIystattHttluit be died tinder tbii« treatment, 
andthe &<»erttoo has boon copied bythcbio- 
gTapt»'r of Lord Williiim KttMi'llCi. 109>. 
r inuly, Af)4-r trial, de^ipito the elTorts of bis 
cnn«n. Matthew Mackail [q. v.], who inter- 
eodcd with Jamea Slmrp, arrbbiahnp of St. 

lAndi«wi,Mi his behalf. Iluirliwafi haii^st 

[ihc ntarhet-frana of l>klinb<irf{h on '2'J Vac. 

,10OO,Bmid'nichaIamontalion,'My.tKtrkton, 
•»awa* nevrr known in Scollnnd before, not 
tiiie dr\- ch«tk upon all the Btreet. or in all the 
niimlu-tleM Window's in tho market-plauv.* 
AcDording to MS. Jae. V. 7. 2'2, in the Ad- 



TOCataa' Library (fjiiotMd in the ' ^Inmciirs of 
William Vnitch." p. 3"n. ). •immcdiaflT after 
the uxocutton of tliu fop-'inentioned four men 
there cune a letter from the king.diitchaivin; 
th» execution of moe ; but the Bishop of St. 
Andrews kept it up tit! Mr, llrwwiw exe- 
cuted.' 3LlaeKail behaved with [freat fortiiudu 
on fho acattbid, addreMing tfao crowd with 
siii^kr itnpn'i!i>ivenca«. llo was buried (n 
firtyfriara chiirchyartl. Wodrow dewtribas 
him ii« 'uIliv(^nnllv belovfd, finfpUarly ptoaa, 
ant] of vnTV coiitiideriible l«Hruin{^.' 

I [Scots Worthitti, i. ;((»; Andonwn's Seottiah 
Nation, Ui. 2-5; Unuo'irs vf WitUam Velldlt 
pp. M-8.] T. H. 

MACKAIL or MACKAILLE, MAT- 
THKW ijllWSr-lfiiWl, medical writer, was 
son of Hew or JIugb Mackail. The father, 
who vra* &npoinl«d minister of Pcrcietown 
in L(K):J, of Lrvin« in 1(U2, and in |i>llt of 
Trinity CoUe^ Church, Kdinburgfa, where 
bo diod in Surdi 1060, wat metober of the 
commiaMona of aaaembliea in 1G4A, KUT, and 
1640. Miitthew's mother was SibiUa Ste- 
ronmii, who died in iWH or \iiiMi (Hnw 
8c«TT, Faati Eecl. Srof. nl. i. p. 31, ft. iii. 
pp. ]o3, Itto). Matthew FM>came an apotbe- 
cnryand but^;raiiof Rdinbiirirh. In 1(v)7 ho 
was employed in Ixtndon by James Sharp, 
nflcrwards arcbbif^hop of St. Andrews, lo 
write pnpcn on church matiprs in Scotland, 
When hi* eou&in, Hugh 51ack«il ii. v. ", woa 
imprisoned us u coTL'nantvr in Editiburgli Tol- 
booili in 10(10, ha mads nnntHt fit t apjiruls to 
Arrhbiflhop Sharp in behalf of the prisoner, 
ami 4if[erwarde repeated them to Archtnebop 
liiinipt of OlnsiTow. Mnekail sub»M|u•^ntly 
practised medicuie Qt Aberdeen. He received 
thtt dcgrt* of M.D. from th« university and 
KingV OoUijgo tlwn) on Ii Jul^ 1096. A 
note in the register states 'bic cbiruTgua 
Aberdonensis scriptia innDte^^il.* 

MttckMil WHS nut lior of Ibe following works: 
1. 'IVwrriptin iopOKTiipliico-*rpft(ryn«a Fon- 
tiiim minemlinm MolTiiteni>iiini in .^nnandia 
Scotia;,' Svn, Edinburgh, llf.W. 2. ■ Moffftt- 
AVell . . .translated. . .as aleo th« Oylv- 
Well . . .at St. Catharine* Chapwl , . .To 
thc-w ia siibjoinMl a Chnrarterot Mr. Cul- 
pepper and nis Writinps,' 8vo, Kilinbufgh, 
li1t>4. 3. '\oli me t«np>re factum, scu 
traclatulus de C'ancri curatione,' Svo, tUittL>i<- 
dam, 1(175. 4. * Maci» macerata : or a Hhort 
Trvititfl cuncerain^c thv use »( Ham;' lUmo, 
Abi>rdei-n, 1BJ7. o, ' The Di^t^mitie of Salt* 
and 8[iirita maintained. . .by way of .\nim- 
adrer<ion« ii]uin llr, D. Coxe bi» H Paper* 
. , . imwri in thcPvol. orih<!'"PIu]o»ophic«l 
Transactions," as also Scurrie AIchvlnlvdi*- 
coTen>d,' l£mo, Aherdwn, 1683. ti. 'Terrm 



■ 



Mackarness 



Ii6 



Mackarness 



prodruniUHtheoricus' fa criticism of BiimetH 
' Theory of tlio Earth n. 4ro, Aberdeen, 1691. 
A BOO, iilto M*TTHBw Mackail (rf. ITaj), 
wiLi iLtlmittcd a Btiidpnt at ijev^cn on Dec. 
i7Ii ( I'Kii-OVk. Lryden Students, Indus Soc., 
p. Kit. Oil 8 Ort. 1717 he wan ft(lmiMi>!l si^ 
coml ' modtciuer' or profoMor of inediciQu in 
the Msrischttl Collflpe and L'utTeraitj", AWr- 
dci'Q, ill plocu of l>r. Patrick OhnliQen, ei- 

S'lodforpartieipAtion in the r«bnllionof "lo, 
25 Nov. t7-9he whb B<liniitecl'pB|ront' or 
prcifdiiHOr of philiHophy ill thv cnnu- coll'i'itH. 
Rome ohiwtioti !U!oms tohnvi^ bcfln raiffid lo 
liijj boldiiiu tbu two oltict's crnnjoiiitlv- Hi* '"- 
Hutfural diacoiiriift, n* finifenenr <if prtihwnphy, 
delivered on 4 Dec, 17:39, wiin'nri tin* ronnec- 
tion nnd (lifTunniaj hctwiit the AtomiL-V or 
Oopemiran and th« Xiiwtonian Philosophy.' 

fRot«rtB"'u's Buok of Bon AcconI, p. 320 ; 
FailiAbcFd(inenio».ti..5-'i2;.VfmoiMfifW.Vriwh. 
edited by aiL-('ri«, pp. 3ft-7 ; Brit. Mnn. Ciit. ; 
Watt'a Uilil. Brit.; iiifurniatiun frvm P. J. Aa- 
dsCKiti, Esq.. gf AberdBBii.] 

MACKARNESS, JOIIX FIELDEH 
{ll*JO-lSfiO). hislii>p .if Oxford, eldest son of 
John Slackamewi, a Wt-»i India merchani 
(</. 2 Jnn. I.'^7tH, who ninrriM on 8 June 
1819 Cdth'Tiiie, daiii^hrtr O'f Uoijr),'Li SaittU 
CoxbL-ad, M.I)., wo3 born at Islington, 3 Ih-c. 
1>S^. ill WHS «rduL'ntt5d lit. Ktori llHtin^ at 
tha election of lfl3:i in thw fourth form, »nd 
aftenrnrdH king's scholar) nnd at Mi^rton 
<3olleg«, Oxford, wIkti.' he matriculated on 
23 Oci. 1(40, and wn«po.*tnift(tt<>r from that 

fear until 1844. Active amusonicnls de- 
igbti?d hira. At Eton ho was captain of the 
football club, be row^d in llu; M«rw>u boat, 
and voA president of the Oxford I'nion. In 
1843 b« vaa in tho w.-cond class in clofisicH, 
nnd in the noxt year ho )^ntdiiatt>d B.A. nnd 
wu otdaini»d la the Enclish dinrch. Tlin 
•ubaequent dM[i«eairon' M.A, 1^47, and D.D. 
1860. On 30 .Tune 1844 MnokamoM ws« 
«l«et«d to ft ffllowghip at Exeter College, 
vliiebhR vacatMl a vear aftt-r r-'ceivinff pre- 
f«no«nt in thochureh (II Auk.1S46), From 
tl Anji. Ift4;s to ]Kr>5 he held the vicarage 
of TardehifTtfe in \\'oret:-»lwBhire, and from 
IKW til IK-W he n'Bs an honorary canon of 
WorfPWiT fat liMrol, Hn the noinintLtimi 
of William Ci>urt«tiny, vleventh oarl l>evon, 
ho WM appoint«<l l« ih« rwtory of Honitou, 
UevousbiK, iu 1805, and ba such wan rc- 
aponaible for th« management of Honitnn 
gnunmar acbool. Tbia pntfenncnt ho re- 
tained until iiUnp^inintment totbtf (■j)iscopiiI 
Lench, holding with it (Vom Ih5H a prL'Ii.>nSliU 
■tall in Kxvtor CathtHlrnl, nud fnjin 1K(>7 the 
«djoinInp vicara^^^ of Monklon. In IK(irih»< 
waa elected u proctor in convocation for 



thatdioceM), bnt lout his float iu 1>^Q throuf[h 
dvclinin^ to oppoee the disestablishment of 
t.)ii4 Irish church. Bv tbu rvcommi-iidalioa 
of Mr. CilfldRlone ho wiu appointed to the 
wc of Oxford, being conaecmtod bi»hi>p on 
2<^ Jan, 18(0, and inv<>«H^d a.t chanc>iIlor of j 
the Oarter on C Feb. 1:^70. and be discbaived' 
the duties of the aet^ until IHHS, when failing 
b«allb compvllud bim to rtitin^ his reeigna- 
tioa taking legal effect on 17 Nov. ll>H8 
(Land. Gasfftf. 20 Nov. 1888. p. 0279^ lio 
diMlalAnguiiHitujiii.KajillyiunieiOU Itf ^ept. 
18S&, and waa burial on L'l Sept, in .Sand- ' 
hurst cburcbyard, Berksbire. lla maiTied« 
at OtlCTV fft. Mitry, I)iivi>nsbir>', on 7 .\ug. | 
1819, Alelhea Buclianan, youngest daught«r 
of Sir John Taylor Coh-ridg.- [.i. v.] Sh.- M ill 
f>im*ivc8. Their it^iw wan thrive; ftonn and 
four daughters. His portrait by W.lliilfsal 
hangs in the dining-room at Ciiddeiwloit 
l^lace. A* a bUhop .^lackamewt waa fear- 
leos and independent, vrilhout any tmco of 
aflwlalLon, and the evnnva which Profi^ASOfi 
Inra pn>aciii>il at ('briitt (Church Cathedral,! 
Oxford, on 23 Sept. 188M, and aflvrwardaij 
pnhlished, bora puhlic wiln.rxi* to tlio Kvard'! 
whirh th« ciprgy of bis diiwese bad for him. 
When an attempt waa made to forc'p him to 
takfl proci^odingH agninat the nwtor of Clewer, 
he argued thocftse in person before) the judg«a I 
of the queen's b^nch division. Judgmeotj 
wont ngninxt him, but on aurving the > 
to the court of app-Hl il was given in hit 
favour, and this doclsion was coofirmed bj 
the HoiiBe of LopK A librnil in uoUticii- 
he vot^i'd in tliA lords agninH the Afghan waC^ 
and the Public Worship l!og(ili»lion Act,, 
while ho ftUpport4)d the bill fur allowing dia- 
eenters to Wi buried in churchyards with 
BoniceA from their on-n ministers, and the 
mi-'asurv for the removul of religious testa io 
the uuiventitie*. (Influrrr>nderiug to tbo eo-i 
clsaiastical oommiasionerE tha inanagameDt 
of tbc Oxford bishopric i-stati'*, Mackarness, 
with.'*inEiilarhone.'(tv,paidrotbenitIie8umof 
1,71^9^., being theeetimated amount which Ua., 
hail nicriviyi therefrom incitcoM of hLi 8tatu-4 
tory income during the previous nine yeai*. 

Mackarness was the author of nam«nMH'l 
iwrnions nnd chargvs.and until hi.<( «levatioB 
to the «eo of Oxford he regularly cont ribuled 
to the ' Ouartlian.' ila chief pablieationa 
wero: 1. 'A few Words to ine Country 
Parsotui on the Election for Ojfonl Uni- 
Yoreity. liy One of Themselvce,* 1847. 3. 'A 
rina for Tolerntiiin, in Answer to the No 
Poperv Orv,' IfvOO. .1. ' Mav or Must.* a 
loiter "to Arcbdencon Pott. ]1?179. With the 
Ilov. Ttichnrd Siymovir ho i-dili'd in 1(^2 a 
volume cfiiKiJ ' Migliteon Years of a Clerical 
Meeting, being the Minutes of the Alcortor 



Cluneal A«»ix:inli(>n. IW^-tW," «"'! itPfinuii 
bv him on the death of Lord LTltehon, to 
■wbom ii9 yru for wttie time honotwy cLai>- 
Uia, ippeared in * Bnef McmoriAlsof Lord 
Lyiteltoo,' 1876. 

[Stujkoa't EioD School LUU, pp. IM, 161, 
I7U; Bmm'b ExtUj Collie, p. US; FutUr'a 
iUttBini Oxao. ; Foalsr'n P««nm; GiuuUiaii, 
18u»d3S3ept. 1S«9; IIiilketianaLuiii's Anou. 
litenitu*. p. 920; 4litb KejKilt Kficl. Comm. 
r. 17 L MoniuriiUi of llie Efiacopatv of Biftbop 
jIjKlwrDw*. by bis loo, tb» U«f . C. C. Silackaf- 
■»«.] W. P. C. 

MACKA&NESS, Has. MATILDA 

ANXE(182«^-I8rtI),Buthorww,born in \S2ii, 
mm Toimger dang'mcr of .lamo." Robinwiii 
Pliui^ [q. T.] and of ElUabelb St. Gtwrge. 
Fram ftneariTA^^MiuPlanch^'nTotf novcU 
umI noTkl latcs fijr cbildrea. As & iiovflMt 
■be U»l[ Dickons for her model. Id 1845 
npwwd 'OIJ JolitTi.-,' und in thu next year 
■A Sequel to Old Jolifl'e.' In I84U xlit^ pub- 
IiiLmI "A Trap to Calch a SuQbeaiii,'a Imfjljllv 
written lilllo talc willi a ranial. iind it i» on 
Ihia production that her ruptitalion chiafly 
i«st«. It waa composed some thre« years 
befim the dai« of piiblieation, and has ^no 
tliK>t]fflifor4v-tn-oeditiQu»,tbe last appearing 
in ]m3. ui<1 has hctn translatod inlo manr 
fbreipilaD|ruatfi».incliiilintrlliiKliut»[ji. Ou 
21 lW.185l'MiM ITnnch* married, at Uolj 
TriiiitypLureh.ltr-imi^onjihQlifiv. Henrrb. 
Macharpowt, brulhi-r or John Fii-!i1<?r MncHar- 
BSn [q. ▼.], bishop of Oxford, and of ( li^orge 
K.Mackarn«c8,bi«liopof ArRjIlarid (h^Ules, 
and fihi> thereupon wttlv'tl at I tymHiiirth, 
Hytbe, the fint parish of which her husband 
bad chaixt^, Th'-j- afterwarth went to Aah- 
next -Sandwich, Kt-nl.whi-re .MiicLtimtiS)i wna 
Ticar, unlil bis dt'ath oa *!lt IK^c. I8U8. He 
bad l^n >«ry MlvmJi-r provision for bis widow 
and her MTeu cbildreii; four olht^rx Iind di»d 
io infancT, Mrs. >Lacksmea» took up her 
T«indenee witli Hit father &nt at Chelsea, 
and Bfterwards at Claphara. Iii spit^^ of iil- 
limJth iho conliiiued writing till her death 
on A Ma; ifdl at Margate. She was buried 
Iwndeher husband in Aah eburcbyaid. Sba 
{KMMtavd ooosidentble miuical talent. 

BesidM the books alrt>adv meutioncd ebc 
wro«« : 1. ' Onlv,' 1 W». i. 'A Merry Cbrii^t- 
liiw.']850. 3.'fh^«mChiiil«,'lKf'l. 4. 'Cloud 
with 1 be Silver Lining,' 1851. Si. •House on 
lheItock,'l8.V2. a*Iufliiwic«,'lft«i. 7.'StMr 
in tht Deeeft; 1858. a 'Thrift, Ilinifl for 
Cottn^n H.m»el(erpinp,' 1865. i). 'Slberts 
WiiW.' IKW. 10. 'Kay of Liftht,' IHA". 
II. 'CominfrMome.'ISJJS. Ii'. '(iolden UuIp,' 
IWiO. 13.* AmyV Kitchen,* IHtitt. 14. 'Min- 
iii*'« Lore,' \HW. K». ' Wbt-n w« wcr« Yuuuu 
and other Stories,' it^O. 1ft. • Little Bun- 



tthiiHv' 1861. 17. 'Coraline,or Aftermany 
DdTS," 18fi2. Itf. 'OuftMmu Ange!,' 18M. 
19. ■ The Naughty Girl of lh« Fatnily/ ISOT. 
M. ■Chflrados; iSm. 21. 'A Village Idol/ 
1«J0. 22. ' Eiainplo h«tt«r than Precept,' 
limr. 23. 'CUmbinK the Hill,' 1838. 
24. ' Grannv'e Spectaclue,' 18fi9. :ifi. ' Mar- 
ried and S«ttU-<l,^ 1970. 2ii. 'Childreu'sSun- 
day Album of Short Storiee," 1 S70. 27. * Old 
Saws new Set," 1871. 28. 'A reerleas Wife/ 
anovfl,lP71, 21). "A Mlnffli-d Vnm/anoTel, 
1^72. 30. 'Marion Lee'sGood Work.' 1873. 
31. ' Swe«t Flowera/ 1S73. 32. ' Children of 
rhp Olden Time,' 1874. S3. ' Tell Mamma/ 
lt>71. 31. MVUd Kow and other Talw,' 
1874. 35. ' Snowdrop and other TaleA,' 1874. 
30. 'Uiily a Little l*riinrosv,' 1874. 37. ' Hose- 
bud Tales,' 1H71. 38. ' I'earla restrung, fttoriea 
frum tho Auocrjplia,' 1878. 39, ' Only a 
Penuv; n Mt>rB,l Taltt for nilldren,' 1878. 
40. ' bawn of the Morning,' 1879. 41. 'Only 
a Dor,' IK79. 42. 'A Woman without a 
Head,' 1892, pubtiihwl fn>m a mnnusciipc 
whicb bad been lost fnr twelve years. Sae 
also contribiiti'd to the ' Mnpict Stories' 
(18lK)-^), wrote a collection of ' DalUd 
Stories' for the ' Girl's Own Paper,' edited 
' I'he Vounff Lady's iJook ' ( 187U ), and udit«d 
am! contributt-d Aeveml atorlfA to a publiCR> 
tion culled 'Lights and Shadows' (1870). 
!M>m« of her tale* w«r« culli.'Cted and puD- 
tished as the ' Sunbeam S^ee.' 

[AtlitHMic. Stipvl. ij. lOlS ; Atheofttim, ISSI, 
i. 720-1 ; Plnncho's Rci-ollMtiout, ii. 149; in- 
(chnii:ilinu Kupjiilieil by Mm. Mackameai'* daiigb> 
l«r; Brit, Mu». Cat.J E. L, 

MACKAY, ALEXAXDEll (IS08- 
1852), journiUidl, born in Scotland in 1808, 
waainearly life conduL'torof anewspaper in 
Toronto, Canada, .\ftwr nviding in Canada 
for several yi-ar* and travt^lliug ovsr a great 
portion of the provinces and tbu Slates, ho 
relumed home, and ncci'pied an iMijrnift" 
ment on tho »tafl' of the London ' Mornine 
Chronicle.' In the intercet of thai jimmij 
ho revisited the Unilwl Stat*"? in 1^48 to 
mport thw debate,* in ConBress on the (.fregon 
question, and to ascertain public ii]iinion OQ 
the subjoet. Ilia lottors were admirably 
writt«n. Mackay was called to the bar 
from the Middle Temple on 7 May 1847. 
He suvervd bis connection with the ' Morning 
Cbn>nJe!.> ' in IMU, on account of its oppo- 
iiiiion to the 1 U' hellion Loksl-s Hill uf Canada. 
In IH'il ihe chnmbrm of cimiintire*' of Man- 
chester, Liverpool, Blackburn, nnd Glasgow 
tent him to inquire iuto the nilcivation of 
corton in India and tho condition of the 
cult ivaltfrs oft Ije toil, more especially wilhiu 
the presidencies of Itombay and Madru. 



Ai'tT B Rojoiiru of about a joar in Imlio, ill- 
liE)iiltb uWit^vil Alnckny to nmluirk for huine. 
IIo fWfd At Sf^B on IS April lSfi2. 

Maokay wrnt«: 1. 'Electoral BUtricts; 
... an Icifiiiiry into llift working of llie 
KaFornt Hill,' Hvo, Loadou, IWS. 2. 'Tlie 
Wert«ra World, or Travels in the ITnittd 
SliLtcH ill ISIO 7,' 3 voU. t*vo, London, 
lKi9, di-.licttt«l to Richard Cobdon. Tliii 
viof: for \an}! (1k> moHt compleiu w»r1( piib- 
lisbi«d on tJi« I nil I'll Huiet. S. 'The t'rinis 
in Cnnutn, or Vindioition of Lord Eljiin iind 
Ilia Cabinvt ... in rL>ri>n>nc<.'tullit.' Ucbelliun 
IvOMM Uilli'Hvo, LiintUin. 1M9. 4. 'Aimlysi^ 
ofl!n>Aiifltrftlian('oI()iii(!B'(iovemmynt Bill,' 
Jr^ro, London, I8.")0. 5, ' \Vtwl»rn Tndiii : Itir- 
port^ ndfiiy.*.*i!d to tbn Oiamln'ra of i'am- 
merc? of Mancbe*t«r, Liverpool, Blackburn, 
nnd Glaspow,' 8vo, London, 1853, n jioMlin- 
mou)^ work cditi'd by Janius liobertsoa, with 
a pri'tiice by Sir 'ilioma^ Bazluy, 

[GcnL Muff. lPr)2 pi. i. p. SSi; Applctoa's 
Oflofi. of AiQfT. Biog. ; Mackaj's Worto ; Law 
LUt lor lew.] «.G. 

MACKAT, ALKXAXDRIi MTR- 
YiOCll ( lijIti-lSlW), missionary, eon of Alex- 
ander Macknv. LL.D., froc church minictor 
of Itliynif, Atjfrik'CiiKliirc, waa loni in thu 
m"iiae tbero on lyOot. lf^9. After recoivinp 
bi unrly fdiiniti'>n from hiH futhur lit' •■nU'rvil 
I \i*> l-'ri-.i.' (^Iiiiri;li1'i'iii rj i n^ iUiUttgn furTeHchern 
in EdinhuTg-h in lliu autumn of !8ll7, and 
dii<tingiii'ibi'd Ijims^lf durinj^ tliii two warn' 
coHTiU'. Tli'baddevelopedatiwteforniftchnnics 
at an vsrlr age, and purposed becoming rm 
enjrinwir. Forihn*i?venKib««tndicd lli.-uwc*- 
eary eubjucts in Kdinburtrk L'liiTerisity. and 

g lined a practical knowlL'dp.-ofL'nHinpL'rinp 
y lipivndrnu' Ijin iiftornrKinn at tliu worlw of 
9d>«ssr«. Miller A' Ili-rbert, Leith. His nioni- 
iniJB he occtipi<>d in Ii-a4;biiig tit (IwirpL- "Wat- 
(■on'* C-olb'gi". In Novt-mlirr IKTH bi* wrnt 
to Oeiinany to Imni the lannuop', and nb- 
taini'd a eitUBlion ii« ilnuiK!it>>i>iari v.'nU nti 
ftiijriiMronnjT fimi in Iti^rlin. In his JMsniv 
lie trun^lalL'd Ltlbsene 'Differential and In- 
ffprul Calculus,' and cortJif nieti'd an n^iiMil- 
tnnil machiDe of bus own mvnitmn, which 
ohtninpd the Hrsf prixe at the Brenlan Kx- 
hibilion. Ilio ability k-d to Lis promolion 
to ihir poiition of chiuf of tht; locomotive 
departrut-nt in the firm, 

MiickKy n-!^idi.<d ut Ik-rlin with tho family 
nf IIof|irt'diirer liiinr, otic of the niiiuAte«i 
of the cdlhedra] there. ITnder Baur'a in- 
fluciit't- tliH fnHrinaCion of mi^tsionarv life. 
wbiLh Ije had felt in his youth, was revived ' 
in hini.nnd di>t<.'rminiiif;l<) ^in»it miuiniiHry 
to Mndu^'U'Car, hi* bi>gHn to otiidy the Mnla- 
paay langUB^. In April 1876 he trns tin 



unsuccc»&fu] candidate for th« Chim'b Min- 
aionary Bocii'ty's post of lay-superintendent 
faraecttlement of liberated HlAVtv-t ccnr Mom- 
baM. The firm with which Mackay worked 
at. Tti^rlin wm di**o!vcd in September 1^75, 
and h(> became- drautrhtaituui ill a himilnrtSrm 
at KoltbuB, sixty miltw soutb-eusl from Iler- 
IJH. Wbttn.Mr.II.M.Slunloy.thuPxplortT.in 
B letter to th« ' Dailv IVb-^rrajih,' cballrti)^ 
Ohrittondom to et'nif miBftiononee to Ijnuida, 
Mnclciy olhrntd litji Mi,<rvicua to tlw CliuTcfa 
Missionary Society in thp proposed miDftion 
to Victoria NyaiuiL. ThiioUerwas ami*nted 
(III 2fi .Ian. l.H(l!, nnil lir returned to Kn(f- 
land in March. t)n 27 .^pril 187<( Mackay 
and four other mifwicnaHes set (lai) in the 
at»inm«hip Pi^Iiawur from Southampton. 
Arriving' nr Zanzibar oti tH) May, ho bvnaa 
his prpparationaforthcmarch to the interior, 
and hIilt loiin dwUiy, caus-.sl urincijmlly 
through sickness, the remnant ut thi- com- 

fuuy that had vsriipud inasfuicra n>acht!d 
'giinda in Novemb-tr 1R78. Thi'rc he re- 
mained till bi»< death, making thn district a 
0"ntr« for the ei-anp'liiintion of Africa, and 
ciiltivaiine the friindiihin of its aimgo tribes, 
llin knowledge of practical rawbaitica wa« 
of imment'C SiTvici to him. With King 
Mle:j>a he formed a tineful intltnacy; but 
after the death of that mlcr, in Uptober 
1^84, ho had ■»vVL-rL>[iudprutnicl4?dHtru{i;i;]o 
with tilt! new kins, Mwaiiga, who dn^aded 
iheproffrc&sof theLhmtian mission. Mwanoa 
wnit lirivi'n from hix tbronw bv a n-rolt in 
the autumn of ISM, and liia snoner*or, Ki- 
wi'wo, it'KordL'd the Uhristians with siupi- 
f inn. Ncvprthf'lM-i Mecliay hfld on, di-jinito 
the bloodshed by which he was surrounded, 
and was always hoprful of establishing k 
pcrmiiiienlittution. On l I'i;b. 1890hucau(rbc 
mtitarial fever, and four davs later he died 
Ut I'lfamhiro, the leust sunTvor of tbu little 
band that oe.t out for Umuida in 1878. 
' During the wholo pmod of nearly fourteen 
yi-ari',' tbr i>iiriiittn< of ih" cominittc^i of tba* 
Church Missionary Society for Hi April 
IrtSO aipord, Mackay 'never once left the 
fihore« of Africa, and for the jrreal«r part of 
that time he was in Uganda itself. 

|A. M. Maukny. PJonotr Missionary of tb« 
Chtmh HisBioiinry Society in Uganda, by hla 
sister, leuo,] A. H. M. 

MACBLAY, A^^)llKW 760-1 809\ 
mathematician, wiu« birn in 17liU and liv^ 
in Abcrdeun, He waa in October 17P1 ap- 
pointr'd keeper (withmit wlar>-) of the oi>- 
ncrv-atory on the Cattle hill (aw Altfrdetn 
Journal, lii Oct. 1781), and here he made 
hin calcuhitionn on the latilndc and longi- 
tude of bia natire town (see infm). He was 





CTBAt^iI LL.I). of AbortlcH-D in 178<], ant] wnit 
lUiKi fellow of ibe Kojrnl SiiciH.y of K<liu- 
burcb, bonorarv nwrmbcr of the litemr^' nml 
PhiWophicalSocitriyuf Ncwcojille-tjii-Tynt', 
matbemaitml exaroint^r l^ the corponttiun 
ofTriaity House (iJifOS-Sl aad to tlie Enxt 
Indi* t'oiDpfttij'. In his InUr ycdw he ri.ok 
pupiU in Loodon at liis houw iu Ovorge 
BtrF«t, Triiiily SquAro: he luu^tbt iiialht.- 
ntaiin* uid imttiml pUilifMtjiliy, iiaviimtiun, 
»n:UitT-(!lur>-, ttud en)[iu(vriuf{. lie di«(l on 
3 Aug. 1&00, luavinj; a. widL'w and cliilUivn, 
and WU9 bunr^l iu Alltialluns Barkinf;. 

lie luade iiupnrtaut coiitribiitiun^ In the 
aCttOM of navigation, and was a skilful, 
•eeimt^, and indt.<fktinli1>' m!(-iiint»r of 
malbriuaiical tables, ll'm principal works 
mr»: 1. 'The Theory- and Practicpoffindinc 
the T^nptudoat (Vh or on Land: to whicli 
an idtk-d variouti Methods of DelermiiuDf; 
tbfl Latitude of a Plan; by Variation of tbc 
Compaiw: wiib new TalJle*,' pul)lUhe<l bv 
«nb<«nption, 1793, '2 voK; '2nd i>dit., witb 
autlior'a uurtniit, 1^1 ; 3rd edit. lifM. In 
tliii wora ia Griri*n au aftiouut nf n new 
BBt&od of findwfc till- luogiiudo and lattiudo 
q{ a ohip at Ai-A, tof^ttiiT with thi< n|i]i»nM)t 
time, frtiin the iianif .tet of ob^Tvati'mH; for 
which the author liad received Ihf- Ihonks of 
the b<janJs of liwitiidii of F'n<;hind ivnd 
Fnace, '2. 'AColl«ctiou of Matht'mati>i?al 
Tabli-*." IHM. S. ' Tlio t'-iniplet.- Xnij^lor," 
IWI; :Jnd <tdit. It^lO. The prutiuru cunlaiiw 
acverecniicisiu of the booka mi navigation 
thvn in carrunt n»*.'. 

llw minor works an*: 1. ' A C<>mi>arix'>n 
of diflrront Metlwds of Solvin;; Ilnllej-'s 
Problem ' (MA>t:i:»», Srripkrt* Logarithmtfi, 
*ol. iv. ; seo also Preface, p. ir). 2. 'I>ft- 
•oription and Um of the Slidinn Itule in 
AtitbmetK Atid in the AfiniMiration of 8ur- 
laon and Solid-V £c., Mi^; -'»J edit. IttUG. 
3. *Thc Comnh-ncemcnt of the Nineteenth 
Cvniut^* di'U-nuiued upon uuvrrin^ Prlnii- 
piwt.' Abeidetii. IKX). 'Jlie ohjfct of tliia 
met waA to explain that the coat urr bemn 
4» I Jan. IBOII and not un 1 Jan. ItsOI. 
■4. *De«cTiplion and L'se of tho SliHinfi 
Oonter in Vavisntiou.' Aberdeen, 1802 : L*nd 
4>dil. L<>ilh, lSli>, <Hlitr<] by Al-xander In- 
pniii, with poTtrait of author iirvlised. Hi- 
•W ivtotritiiled article* to the ' Kticvclo- 




buildlnjr,* and (uaval) 'Tactic*,' and h« wa« 
« eournbutor to Itecs'a ' Cvc loped ia." He 
pablu<bL*d a paper on the latttude und Juii^i- 
tud<i of AtH:-r[1e*-n in tbi- * PhIlu!>opliiral 
Tnom-lions of the Royal Society of Edin- 
bttrgb,' voL ir. For vxamples ol iMackay's 



skill as a computar rafennca may bo tnadelo 
Masercs'fl ' Scriptorea Lugaritbuici,' vol. vi. 

[n'orlvS; EarojwuilUae. I809,lvi. liS; ; piiati 
i\aul. Mnrnti'-allniic, ad. P. i. Audenuu, i. 4&!) ; 
NutPit ii:id Qucrids, 3rd aa. iii. 133.] C. P. 

MACKAY,ANOUS(]834-1686>.folonial 
joumali&t and politician, bora at .-Vberdot^ii un 
-IS Jan. lt<^4, was son of Murdurh M&cK&y 
of tb(! 7dtb lii^blnnder^. 1 lii> mot bcrV muidan 
name waa Elmbetb .UacliMid. l[i» futbt^r on 
reoeivinj? bis ponflion in 1^27 emigniied witb 
hi» family to N«w ^outh Wul-:-*. 

YoiiugMacKayn-a.'ii-dui.'aledfijrtliewp-jihy- 
tvrian iniiuBlry tit the Australian coilegu in 
Sydm-y, luid liii becnRii> fur n tini« n wbool- 
master. Hut he wxtn tumftd \\ia itltcntion, 
to journalism, and before he was twenty 
yeuTA of age no was a contributor to tbe 
'Aufitralian Maipuini!' and the 'Atlas' (a 
paper e*tahlisb«fbT KohcrtLoive.aflerwarda 
\'i]tcounl Shrthnjo'liLi). In 1S47 MacKay U- 
came editor of llio ' .\tlas.' In iHoO bu 
luiKTntcd t<> Oetilojig In Victoria, which ia 
at once an induntrial cfntm and a s'-anid" 
n!eort,and there Wcame manner «f a seneral 
hiifiiiosM for Mr. (afterward" Sir llonry) 
Parkea. But the p\\f\ riihh in thtt followin(|r 
year took him back to his old t-allitiR iu New 
South Wdlf*", (ind \w. wirnt lo the goId-fl'_-ld8 
as a (>[>ecial eorrus^joiideut for .Mr. Parkoi'a 
m-w radical paper 'The Umpire.' Iu IS&3 
bu rvturiifd to Victoria an n dif^'LT, and 
look K leadiotf p<L>^ >» "'e Htlilalion fur tlin 
n1Ie\iiitioa of miners' grieTaiict's. heading a 
dcpiiliilion to Molboume, and irivin^ ini}K>r* 
lant evidence before the committee to inquire 
into Ibf matter. A littlw Inter hebccamtf li,a 
priipriotor and editor of f h4^ ' K«ndi)n> .Vdver- 
tiaer.' In 1879 be returnvd to Sydney, asd 
launched the ' Sydney noily Telup-aph.' 

Mt-uiiwLile >la«K«yhftd fniered )KfIiticaJ 
life. He bad already, iji l^'h taken an active 
part in th(^ agilatimi fur tbi-nrdncliou of tbu 
\'nni-\\\i*' { t^/ljf Yramin lAr Maliiii/uf Aun- 
tmlutn}li*tfiry,\.\\). In lWf8,aftcrrcpL-atcd 
inrilalioni^, be »tood for nnd wmi flic M-at of 
^^ndhu^lt Rurgha, Victoria, whieb be fepre- 
fiented in three liUcnetisiveparliamvntK. Two 
Team later he wmt niiniatcrof initie> in tfait 
miniBtrrof Sir Jnmt'-t .McOtilbwb [ij. v.],and 
resumed the pD«t in that of Jame« GooOalL 
I-'runci» [q. y.l, aubwqucntly joininj^ to his 
dut)ealbo»e oi miniHter of eoncatiou. Ilia 
(peecbca as a minisTorwere always buiinesa- 
liitf. and at raiitht forward ( Vietvrian I'arlia- 
mfitlari/ liebaU*, \f*~Q, Jtc.) ,\a minii^ter for 
miuL'ii.IiL' carried throufib tlie colonial par- 
liament Ki-Tcnil inen^itn-x of lH-ui>fit to the 
minini; population. Ity bis Mininft Regula- 
tion Act accidents were reduced by one half 



McKay 



1 20 



Mackay 



I 




theirltirmeT number. Hemaititaiiitrdlliatfdii- 

.\fler Ilia tt-mporarr mii^ration to Sydnev 
(187W yy). lie was iiRain in \H>*^ rlrctH for 
his »U couatitueuci , und rufuitiGd rc»idonco 
altinnctliurst. He (lied there od 5 Julv 1S86, 
agi-d (!•_'. 

Miii'lviiv wiu fin HiitliiitiiiNtic HjiorlaniKti, 
und a member of \]\s ririrVet teftin whicJi in 
iHRIj itj)|KiKi-d tlui iir*t All Etitflnnd I'lovt-n 
lUat vUirfil Australia ( yrar-Jiovk of Aus- 
tralia, ImV). 

lift \vm ni«rri*il,(mdlii* wiilow, twoMlis, 
and tlirLt! dnnglitont fliirvivi-d bim. 

[Mi-llinnme Afgns, fi July 1886^ MonnoU'ii 
Diet, iif Auslrulnjititii Biog,] C. A. H. 

McKAT, ARCHIBALD (lS01-l8i*Sl, 
poet ami tnpograpb^r, was bom al Kil- 
mnmnik iu IHOI. AfttT rocfivinp a wanty 
udticiicioii ht* was apprvtiticed to n Imiidlooin 
wonver, but suhstqiiently nbond'^iied llie 
lw>m UEid b<L-L'au)i' u Ixiukl.'iiider. He iiliio 
cnmJucif'd 11 drrulatiiijf lihrarv in Kinjf 
Siri'et, KiliDBnintk, wbi-ra lie died ia April 
ISrtS, Hi. uTolc: 1. ' Po.'in».' Vlvaxt, 1H30. 
2, ' UftTi-Jilinns nf LeiBuni Hours,' ISmo, 
WA-l (Slid edition in 1844), n collection of 
pir<?eM in proec and Tcrw. 3. ' A History of 
Jvilinamock,* ItJuio, JHI8 (other editions in 
lyiiS and iS(i4). a creditable compilnlion. 
4. ' Iiijili'-Hidi^i [.iU«.']2ino, 18-M. His pouiaii 
attractfd foiiitidiTMble ttlfntinn, mid *onie 
of tlie [litcos.snch us' My First Bawbi-'p.' ' My 
ninf^oitlbic Wift-,' and ' 3>r(ni,tbv Tam ' (first 
piiblislu'd in 1W8), guinnd gn^nt pnpulftrity. 

[Itn^icrs's Modern SeoHiBt AliiKlTuI, T. 8i ; 
Tinnn^Sr April 1883,] O. O. 

MACKAY. CIIAKLES, LL.D. fl8M- 
1>'»*1>}, pft«t. and joiirnftli^t, wrw born nt 
I'erth in 8colInnd on '11 March IHU. His 
fiitber, (iooi^ Mackav, wnt tba Beci>nd eon 
of Cttiiltiiii Hiig^li MinAny of llii'StrnlbnavtT 
brHiicb f>f tiif c!«ii, whose chief in Lord 
Reay. (icorpc, as A boy, iin H.SI. aloop 
tin.' Sccnil, wiliii'suMd \\\tf iMwiiutiiinofTou- 
Inii by rhc IWrishin irfiS^ond suhai^qiientlv 
tbe capture, with lliw aid of Paoli and hi§ 
voliinlit-r*, of thf i«lflnd of Ci>r*ii?ii. The 
Hfinut lati'F nn was feired by the frigalcH 
Alce*t# ami ^esfale, and ri«>or(^ vffKft de- 
tained dMrinjT f(tnr ycnr* in Francis a? n pri- 
Killer of war. He lliere ekwl nwX exinleiice 
anionclbe pcflRiintry by plfiyinptbeflitgt'olet. 
On e*cai>iiik' frvni rViiiioi.' lie w«s wgniii nfluut 
on bonni II. M.S. Hydra, nndtr tlifi-oiinnnnd 
of Captain (Bft<.TWurdH Adininil) FraiiciB 
Lnfon-y [we under LArnRRV, Sin .Iohx]. 
Al'terfcervinfteix moreyefira nt FfaiieqiiiltAd 
tin? myai nnvy and jni tied t bo army. An an 
eneigii in ibe 47tli foot lie in IfOO served 



under tbv Diiku of York in the ill-sturvd 
Walchoreti oxpi-dilinn. I'Mstrattil bv m*- 
laria, he returned to England on sick leave. 
TLt-rc, on Uiit rcMomtion to hcfilth, Im? mar- 
ried, nod u? a balf-pay licutc-oaat setllvd for 
a vrliile in Scotland. 

Tbfl von Cliiirk-ic, having lost liU moiber 
diirtDif bis itifaucy, lived until hi* eighth 
yyox under tb« care of a nurew, Onu» Stuan, 
at n lynely In>u*»i mmrlliif riltap* "f N«W" 
bavpn, on ihe Firtb of Forth, The nurse 
mairifdTboniiwThrelkeld, a tailor, forrnvrly 
a Midif.r in Cii?i>rg>> Mnrkny'a reiriineni, and 
Charles in IWi was sent to n»ude with thr-ra 
at Woohvicb. After attending a danie'a 
»dionI, he was entered in 1:^2^ 9» n student 
at the Caledonian .\»ylum, then siirtaied at 
Hatton Garden, and tviHoo every Sunday for 
three yrart listened to Kdward In ins [4. v.] 
in Croaa Street Chapel, llatton (iarden. In 
\^'£^ hu wu placed Vy hi;< futbor nt a fichool 
in JtruMelc, on the lioulevord Avl Nainur, 
and hecatou proficient ia French and Ger- 
man, luid later on in Kpnni.'<b and Italian. 
In 1»*.'W Macknv was enpiged, at a salary of 
twelve hundred fraticn, nsapriviile w-cretary 
to William CockeriU [ij.v.]. the ironmaster 
of 8eraiug, near LiC-ge, and be^n writing 
in Frtncb in tho ' Conrriir Bclp^-/ and sent 
Kn^lipli jMK-nis (0 n local newdpapr coIleJ 
■ The Teleftraph." Thencefortb he spent 
UMrLy all \\\% Vlaiiru in vrriting Vfr¥(\ In 
tbi; •nuimor of Ifv'M) h" viftiled Purifi, and 
\w Epi-nt Ik;1 with CoeWiU at ,\ts-U- 
Cbspi.dk*. In Muy M^S'i bin fnllier brrmght 
him hack In London, where he first found 
eoiploynient in leachinR Italian to Henjamin 
Lmnb-y [ii.v.l, then« young solicitor. In 
1B31 he sticnred au cntniK«ment as an occr- 
nioniil contribntor to ' The 8un,' and brought 
out hi« iniudcn work, '.Songs and l'ovmi<,* 
which b« inscribed In bis former instructor 
nt tbu Cnlodoniun At^^'lum. Froin tin.' spring 
of 1 rtS.'i I ill 1 M4 hn wai- nMiiAt«nl oiib-rilitor 
of the ' Morning ChronirUv' then in il.i pal- 
miest dnv". In lb" uuliimn of IK.'JS be ^pent 
n iii'mlb'Klioliday inScniland.wirnoiuingthn 
Egliutoiin Toumsrat'nt, whiob he described 
in tb* 'Clironicle,' nnd niiikinff many lite- 
rary tipquftintanpi-s in Fdinbiirch. On *evei^ 
ing Iiii connection with the ' Morning ChrtH 
nicic' in tho autntnn of 1**44, hn removed 
K'i ScolUiid. mid biH^nuie editor ot'the *(JIa 
pow Argus.' In IJ^tfi he tolli>cted veree 
which bad n]jm'urL'd iu lh(!*i>aily Nbwb'_ 
utidiT Dirkrnntk editorship aa 'Vuicea from' 
the Crowd.' Henry KuesvU, to whom Liim- 
ley bad introcliicfd bim, ael aomt- of \.\» 
pfH'msto mumi%and in that form they lie- 
eame popular all over the world. Of one of 
thcu,' The Ciood Time Coming/ fourhundivd 



Mackay 



121 



Mackay 



IhoDsand copifs yrffti^ circiilAied. In IMQ 
Macks; was mndv m I.I..D. of QIawow 
Uairasity, iinc] in July it<l7 be miciiea ItU 
B^tanAip of tlie ' Ajsus.' In 1848 Mackajr 
entMvd tbo edilorisl office of tho *III|]«- 
t7Bt<<d London Xt)W»,' aod bocame editor 
df tlip iM[wr in 18o3. At the nigffestioa 
of Ilertert Ingmm. tho projriotor, Muckay 
beg«o in LKxo'mlK^r Is*)! liuMuiieofa wriea 
of musieal iiu[iplen)enta, each oDntumng an 
origiiiil 6oac ny Macltay, Rdnptvil tu an 
•ttCUDt EniTliRh nif'Wly whtrh vaA speciallv 
UTUged by ^^ir Ilenfy BUhop. Biahops 
dcntb, on 3D April ls.>5, intwmiptpit tno 
•chfme; but eietity lyrics of » projprtfd 
bitndred were thvr«upon iiubliBhe<t undier 
the title of ' Sonpn by CliftTlcs Macltny,' 
Bnuuetl in ft {•opulur form in 185U as 
*Saogt for Mufiif,' the publisher could «ny 
iritlt nerivct irut li : ' Many of iLv eontra in- 
eluded in this ciilloctioti hnve been said and 
auDg in every part of thu vrorid wburo the 
£iii[liiOi luiKUWo i« »[>oki:n.' llio piec*-.* in- 
dnded 'ChMr,BoTfi! Cheer:' 'To the West! 
To the West!* -'Tul^nl Gwn,' 'Thon-V • 
Land, n drar I^nd,' and ' Enf^Und over all.' 
On 'i Ocl. If^fT Mackay left Liverpool oo an 
flight months' locturiiif; lour throuffh tho 
United isutwand Cauoda. Uy:!Junel8«>( 
h0 had rvtumed home, and in the following 
year bmaght to an end his aMOcialion with 
Ute ' lltustntis] Ixiiiduii NewH.' lii lUiXi 
b«e«tahliAh<^ the * London Re%-iow.' andhix 
editofabip was inan^nrnlvd on '2 July by a 
banquFt at tho Reform Ctiib. Another tiiew 
periodical, " Uobin Goodfeliow/ waa slartvd 
by bun in iisil. Neither proved aiiMS'ssfiil. 
Kn.>in February ISOJ to Uwx-iuber l-'itVi Mbc- 
kay wa« the sp^ial eorrf<>pondcnt of the 
•Tume^'at Now York diiriitir the civil war, 
■ad io lliM aulumii of 1MJ2 he rcvcnletl 
in tlie 'Tims* tho exiatt-uctf of tlii^ IV-uiini 
VOtuipiracy in Aimn'ira. Altliou^h ncfiji- 
tumnf( lliat hia real vocation woa that of a 
fong-wriler.hvdeTutFdmuch timtt in KtK bttf r 
yean to wayward and fvppntric exrursiona 
into Cell ie philology. lie dietl at Lotifniilgv 
Itoad,Earl^Court.'l-ondrtn.i)n24 Hec, If'SS*, 
•ad vea bnriod on "2 Jan. IHiX) in Keitaal 
Oivi'n rtnieUTV. Wackay was twice mar- 
rit-d — lirM. dunn? lii^i Glasgow edltoivliip, 
to It'.i«n UcnriLtlu \'bI«, by whom be had 
thn^ totis and a dau||;htAr; and secondly to 
El]<-ii Milla, a widow, whose inaiJi>n nainv 
^ra* Kirtlnnd. His lint wifa^ died dii i^B Dec. 
IRAO, and his second wife in 1^75. 

Ill" princ'pnl pni>>ical works wure : 
1. • S«np« aad I'oenw." IWM. ftm 2. • The 
Hope of tb« World; lH-IO. IJmo. 3. 'Thp 
Salamandrine, or I»vc and ImmortAlity/ 
1S4^, l^Do; ?adodit. IHGS; 3rd edit. 18dP. 



4. 'I^nds of tho Islea/ 1&4B, I:>mo. 
fi. ' VtiiocB from Ihu Crowd,' IHltt, Itimo; 
4th edit. 18.ll ; frtli and rcvi*od t-dit. 18->7, 
6vo. y. ' Voices from the MountAJn,' 1S47, 
IHmo; 2nd edit. IH&V, 8vo. 7. 'Town Ly- 
rics,' itl-18, KJmo. 8. ' Ejfwria, or the 8pint 
of Nature,' 18110, Svo, 9. 'The Lump of 
Gold,' 1850, 8vo. 10. ■ L'ndi-r Grenn Leaves,' 
I857,8vo. 11. 'A MaI^«H.^a^t,'l^«^0,Hvo. 
12. 'Studies from the Antique.nndSketche-i 
fnim Xatiin.',* 1804, Hvo. 13. 'Tnlerludea 
and Underronp-t, or Mimic at Twilight,' 1KS4, 
8vo. 14. ' Ooesaiaer and Snowdrift,' 1W>1> 
(pOiiithiimr>ii«),Kvo. A roliinj'' of ' Colli-ci^d 
Songs,* with illiiiitnitiona by Jobn <>ilbcrt, 
was pHbliahed in iKoU, and in l^l><:< Mackay'a 

1>oama appeared in tho 'Chandos Claasics.' 
leedited'JacobileSona8andBalUdH,'lS(ll; 
■Cavalier Songa and Ballada of Ennlnnd,' 
ISm : ' A Thousand and Oiii' Urma of Kag- 
lish Poetry,' l!-«7; and 'A Thi-j|i!i«od and 
Une Gum£ of Kugtieh l*ro»*',' 1)^72. 

I!is jirincijial prtw* workM witn-: 1. ' Hia- 
tfiry of I^nJon fmm its l-'nundation by the 
Riiinnnii Io the Accenition of Queen Victoria,' 
1838, 8 vo. 2. 'Tbl^Thanll?.tand im Tribu- 
taries, or Itamblea unoo^ ICivere,' 2 vols. 
IM40, Bro, 3. 'Lo&f^Mud, l»rd of r>cindoDr 
a Itomance,' 3 vols. I^MI, l:Juio: -nd edit. 
B Tola. |!*61 ; 3rd edit, a vols. IWiO. 4. ' Me- 
moin of ]-Xira'>rdiniiLrv I'lrpiilar Duliieions,' 
3 vola. Iftll, Hvo. n. 'Tlw Kc«nrry and 
Poetrv of the Enplieh I^kea, a Summer 
HnmbV,' 1640, Bvo; 2nd i-dit. 1«52. fl. 'His- 
tory of the Monnonfl,' IB.'il, fivo ; Krd <*(lit. 
1H52, 8vo: 4th edit. 1W3. ll'mo; 5ih edit. 
1S%7, f^vrt. 7. *ljfe and Liberty in America,' 
•2 vols. ISag, Bva. 8. * The Oouiy I'liiloso- 
phpr, or the Opinions, Whims, and Kcceo- 
irti"itii.w of John Wopftafrc. Kwi-,' 1W5:J,8to. 
1). 'UnderthemuBSky.'lH7l,Bvo. lU. ' I-ont 
ItL-aulifH of tho English Lan)^a^L'. an ;\p- 
jwnl to Autb<ir«,' &e., 1874, 8ro. 11. 'Tin* 
(iai'llc and Celtic Etymology of the Ijin- 
Kunpi-* of Wwleni Eun>p«',' 1877, fvo. 
ll'. ' Flirty Yeara' Iti'cnlleel ions of l-ife, 
Literatiiru. and i'ublic Allaira fiJi^aO-I^TOV 
•2 %-ola. 1877, 6vo. l.*t, "Luck, and whafc 
r/irae of it: a Tale of our Ttine«.' .1 vola. 
lt*y|, tSvo. li. 'Th« Poetry and Ilumour 
of the Scotch Lanpuap*/ 1882, Svo. lot'The 
Kouiider* of ih« ,\merica» itepiihlic,' 188-5, 
yvo, I(S. 'Through the Long Iiay, or Mo- 
morial!^ of n Litvrar>' Life during Half a Cen- 
lim-,' 2 vol*. 1*^7, Svo. 17. ' A Dirtionary 
of Lowland Scotch,' 18S8. 

fPenBDoal noollctftiona of tha writ«r; Kae* 
ka/s Forty Y'eara' Ilen>lI«etions and Throofrh 
the Lonff Day : Pall Mall OazMle. 2 Jan. ISOU; 
KveniBg Btaadard. aam? i)nt« ; 1>aily Nnwa, 
3 Jan. 1804; Staodatd. same datf.] C. K. 



itACKAY*. IKINALD, of 1\t fim 
LwKU ItKit ( lo91-li-[-19), eldest sou of IIou- 
chfton nr Hugh Macknv of F«r (now Fiirr), 
Sucherluudsliire, bv Ladv Jeoa Oordoiit 
eMeat daugUter of Alexati^or. elerenth earl 
of Sutlicrlun;!, wiui born in March 1590-1. 
lie iv])rei*euteti tiie eldtr bmiitli of t.Iifi I'lau 
MactvUjr, styli'i) in GuL'lic tbeSiol Mbo:);:a», 
or niCH iif ^^lItly)L^, nnd c!i'Hi:«n(Ei<0 fix>iit 
Morgan, wm of Mnrtiii, vrhn fnu^Iit und<>r 
Uruce. Thi3 naino Mackny is dcnv<rd frgm 
Morcnn'ft prrnt jj^nndiiftn, l>c>nnltl Mdcu'itlh 
fir M iii'.liiioi fsnn of ITiif^h), killi^d by Ibn 
Eari of Silt ]i<*rl and in tbe castle of Itingwall 
ill ^■V^)5. Among the moro fntnous of this 
chii*f« of fb(^ riiin was V-Maokny (rf. IJ^Tl), 
prntidftttbtT of Donald of Far, who durinu; the 
D.-iiiM yf Mary Stuart enut'^d uniL'h iryubli,' to 
tbi'S«;otlishj(ovf^namGnl,ftiuUiveii in almoiit 
continual fftitl with ibu Earl of SutbL'riand. 

tn .fuim 1(110 flmniW Mll^^c.^y of I'ar wax 
appiiintedjuplke of pen<;e for IiiVflfnesa and 
Cromarty (If^. P. V. Srotl, \x. 79), and on 
12 Nov. Ifil2 justice ofpunceforSuflnTland 
(i4, w. Wy). In tbfl sanie ve«r h« and John 
Gordon of Kmbo received a oommiiwion from 
tlif Uinjf forarrcJlinK ia Thurjo a iiotoriout 
ooio'-r. Arlliur Sinilb, in tho i^rap]omipnt of 
tilt Karl ufC'aitbut'ss[aL'L-SiNCLAiK.<.JnoKOE, 
fifth EAiir,OKCA,rTii\K!w]. Whilt-cndsavour- 
inp to rtffliiuc Smith iitttr his nrrpst, .lanicB 
Sitieliiir, n m-iihi-w of Ihi' Karl of I.'nilbid.'KH, 
was aliiin, and t!ip (rtipl.nrs of Smith df-cmnd 
it al«" iiucessary to pnl him to doath to jiro- 
veiit hia i^icnpc The Enrl of Onilhiuw 
eumuLoiied Iho captors to auitwer for their 
coitditr.t, but. to pivvtnl criminal iimceedin^s 
ttgainiii- himself, tUopruevcution woe notut^'r- 
severed in, and ia ileot-mfwr IfJlH Macliay 
and olhi-rs ubialiicd ntmii^ion of all chnrt^'H 
ai^IriHt lliem. I In tb« lUli nf lUeKamcmcinLli 
A rnnimission of fin* and sword wag given 
tu Mai.'kay, aloiiB with UL^orKU' Gordon, first. 
mftn^nisof iriinllvr(i.v.]p and nt hers, against 
Cami'ron of Lo^clilci {ih. x. 18(i). 

Mnckuv wuco'filcfl his fnthor an hcnd of 
tbL-clan.']] S<-pt. Kill. In A|>nl lOlU be 
aiToinpnnit-'d hisunch',Hlr Kobert Goflon, 
to Limdoii, and whb kuiphlc'd at Tbtoliald* 
l)y Kiiitf Juntt^s but tlw creniion i» not 
ivMrded in any published list of Itnifrhts. 
In \.*i\i< hi' abnndiined hie alliunct] with hit 
rfiUtivi's of ibc- boiis>» of Siitiii-rland, and 
joinud tlieir rivalH.thcSinclairBofCalihntss, 
with whom III" cnturt'd iiilo u b-iig-iii? nenirmt 
th(* Clan (lunii. hut pnon afn'm-ord.* ln' bi-- 
came reroncilwi to (be Huths-rhnid faniilv, 
and in !(1^2 was named oncof a commisaion 
for ('maecntin^ the li^arl of OaithiiCM with 
fir» and aword. 

Oa 30 MurcU 1020 Machav obtained r 



cominiiLiion from t_'harli>« I to lew and irnns- 
port throe thousand iiu-ii to aid Count Maa»- 
it'ld in tbewarin Germany, Tbcyombftrkcd 
from Croniariy In OctoluT, bni hv was pro- 
vented by feickuBss from accompanying them. 
Ik'forttsi-t ling out to join tb^niin thi'lVdloiv- 
inft sprinft bu w««, on IH Mart-b, creatt-d a 
bitrunL>l byOharleal. Finding:, on hiK nrriTul 
ill tiennuny, (list Count Mnn!<f<:'ld had dii-<l, 
hetransfiTred his fwr^'ipi-s tothdnnfrof l>cn- 
imirlt, Uudw his command the reirimentboPB 
itficlf so ffallnntly in numeroii* actions a* to 
earn the litlo of ' the invinnibh' rugimtTil,' 
Ultimately the I lanish troops wene compelled 
to retire b«f(>nr tho superior nutnbcr of the im- 
perial ista, and whvii (iiuy were intercept(.>d at 
thA poas of OIdi?nburff tho regiment of Mac- 
ktiy, with oxtraordinury curiwu aud pi.Tti- 
nacitT, 8Uceo*deii for a' long tim<? in liold- 
m.^ tlio pass against eupurior numburs. In 
January U>^H ^lurkay mttimwl to Scotland 
to »!curt> rei-ruilK, and on hia way thilher 
through ICngland "hf wa«,in recofniitiOM of Uta 
diHtingiiiiih^d services in Di-ninarli. rniaed to 
the poerage on ifO June by the tLtle of Lord 
Ttcay, to him and hia heira male for over, 
bearing lhenaDi«andarm4of Mackay. After 
bis return to I)>i>nmarl: bis regiment was 
ordiTwt to tho dcfenuu of Stnd^und, whvn) 
it gikinod additional fame by thi- n-pulae of 
au nLtaek mudo upon its pueitiun by thu 
untawy in full fortti. On th« cpjswition of 
hostilities in lfii?J> Reny transferrfd the aer- 
vicM of the regiment to G ustuvus Adolphus 
of Rwed'>n. On '2*1 May a warrnnl was ^ivi-n 
by Charles 1 to pay hiui J.OOOi., of which 
H.OOO/. hod lipcn aasigned him by the hinpof 
Denmark for the iraporluiit aid reMdorwl by 
bis regiment in lliedennaa wars( (W. ^«(e 
Papvrf, Horn. Sur. 162S-0, p. S55). 

TliK n^giment of Ueuy was itaid to bd 
the favourite one of Oustarus, who osuall^ 
employ«Kl it in the most dRn^t'rtMt* and cri- 
tical enteqirise.l. At the balilo of I.ei|utig, 
7 Sept. I'iai, its steady end dolermimjd fire, 
followed by » hand-to-hand flgbi, flnnlly 
turned tbu day ncaiust Tilly- It aUo carried 
theenatlx of Manenhurg, lliougbt to be im- 
prt-pialile, by atorui, after two bonr«' despe- 
rate fiahting. Hefope the battle of Lutxen, 
Itt XoT. \{'i'm, at wliieh Gustarus was killed, 
thu MackavH weru ciupluycd it) thvftormiog 
of >'«?w liraiidembiirg, where half thf regi- 
ment was rut to piL'ci'9. aud at tho conclu- 
oion 111' tlix lirittip only nbont ona tenth of it 
remained efit'Ctive. 

In the beginning of IB-Sl Ileay had bii<^n 
milboriwd by Gustavuit to arrani^e with 
Jam<<A Hamilton, third mar(|uisof liamillon 
[q. v.], ae tn the conditionB on whieh tlw 
nianjuij should Ivry a large force for his ser^ 



Mackay 



123 



Mackay 



Tice \,Hift. -V.SA. (.VwriJi. I llll Ufp. Aji|>. [il. 
yj. pp. ro-l 1, lie waa elinrtly afterwartU 
sent to EosUnd wtlb l«1tm« (<j Ch&riM t, 
ih&nUiiK him fi>r Iiik nid 10 Hamilton, and 
nquesting llie laaa of sliips for tbe trans- 
port of itie m&rijuw'a force* {ib.) AfWr liii 
amTxl in 10iigUn(lKvey,liowevL'r,ftUititt tbat 
llRRiUtoti'ii re*I purpose iu levviuK ibe forcM 
ma to U£uq) tliu thrum? of diarltM Iu Scot- 
land, xnd nunrd tut liia infunuvr David 
[{aruiiay. an ofGrer in Hunilton'e eenrice. 
Itamasy cletiii.'d tli« luifpiogt* attributt^d to 
him. And II<^-ny cliftlU-nf^ him to ^ngle 
combat. Tbf' nutter was brouirht befon a 
court of chiralry, which nnjiriiiiti d tho com* 
bat to takn place in Totlnll Fieldfi, Wwrt- 
uuii»t«r. OD la April, liobert Uertie, first 
e«ri of Lindscv [q. t,":, to act u biyli con- 
atablv, mid Tboinn." ilowanJ. ewond earl 
of Anindfl q. r.], as earl marisobal (• Pm- 
rm iliiil. in tliv Court of Cbivalr\' i>ii iin Ap- 
pnS nf Jlif^h Treason by I)anal<). Lord Jteav, 
afmu»r yir. David Kaias&y, 7tli CliurU-sl, 
A.». mm.' in Rv*HiroKtn'» iIv-tori<iti (.hi- 
taction*, ii. 112 28. and State Trialf, iii. 
4i&0-&l^). Theday of combat was proroj^irit 
hf tbo Idnf^ from 18 April to 17 MnTt and 
•I a na««mbly of the coort on 12 .May it 
wu intimated to bolb partie« that, ns tkft 
Idnit was of opinion iLat m-itLvr of (hvni was 
wtlnoul fniili, though not guilty of treaaon, 
it VBS dccTMKl by the court that lh>i<T ^huuld 
Ih commiltctl to tb» Tower until thny t^vr 
Asffifricnt rantion to keep the peace (^1%. I 

Beay was r^porte-J. in 1688, to lie a «ii|>- 
porfi-r fif tlnTW-li-MasJicfti policy of thekinif 
(GoKD05t Seot^ AJTair^, i. (Jit. Neverthe- 
kw he waa one of tbe commiMtonL'n sont 
br tlie kirk party in that year ig obtain 
ue aubacciption of Iht? northern burghs and 
comiiiflB to tbe coTconnt (Spalpixo, iV^ 
imvrialtM, i. H"). For a limn Mm altitude wait 
Twry dubious. In April lAiO a liark con- 
t«ininK arras and ammunition tm its way tn 
him at IStral bnaror wa.<( rapTurts] by thif natl 
Mwischal at I'eti'rhead, on the plea that he 
wna * not antt fcood covenanter ' {tb. p. Itvl). 
In May, however, he joined for a ihort time 
tbe co\'vn«nt«rt of tbe north (i4. p. II^M- 

B«aT does not appear to hare taken ftir- 
iber Mft in tha nurtbvru conicsi, and on 
17 inly 1643 b^ emt&rked at Aberdeen for 
DetUBsrfc (Hi. it. 3r>9 1, wbpre be rvmaini'd for 
twplv^ month* in command of a n^g[im4'nt of 
'which hia aon Atifrns wa.i cnlonel. In ltM4 
be «Trive<l fnim Denmark with shitw and 
aims and a larg* cum nf monr-y, frvr tlie set^ 
TiceofCharln £al Newcantl*'. Alnng with 

jInudM'ic Lindsay, sixteenth earl of Cmn'ford 
fq. T.]. he dvf>-jid«sl ibtf lown wilh gnttt 

galiantry against tbe Scota, under L«&]ie(Pjl- 




TKiri; liORlX)^, lirifaitr'n IHxtrmpcr. S|»ld- 
ing Club, m>, M>, 118), and on it* capture 
on 12 Oct. 1 W4 woe taken prisoner and con- 
fined in th« cA»Tle nf li^dinbnnih. After tho 
victory of Montroue at Kil^th iu August 
KMft ho nnd other royalist priionera in Ibu 
castleweresctfrce. Inl040hewa«appointvd 
one of a comtniiuion to aid in the pursuit 
of Null MncU-od of Axoynt fq. v.] The ca- 
pitulation of JhloiitncM'! on 3 Sttpt. of tbia 
yaar again reDdcr^l his position inaecore, 
and in Julv ]WH he tfjok ship for Denmark, 
whr-re ho died in February 1(140, lfi« bodv 
vraa brought thence to Scotland, and buried 
at Kirkibidl in the vault of the family, 

Keay n]Rrne<I five Ximiv, and left is«iio 
by each wife. By his fintt wife, Uarbara 
Mnck^ntie, oldoAt dauebtor of Kenneth, lord 
Kintail, aud ai»t«r of the first and Hi-oiid 
earls of Seaforth, be had four aona and two 
dfiuchtcvH. Bv hia Kcoond vrifc. Lady 3ttajy 
Liuomy, tlauj^^iter of tb^ Fj»rl of l.'riiwfimi, 
be had a eon, Donald of DyKail. By his third 
wifii', liuclii'l Wintcrfiiild or Hnrritmn, he hnd 
two E.ons, Robert- Mackay Forbes and Hugh 
Mnir Forbea. Of tliis marnii(;e he obtained 
a ^'Dif-ncc of nullity, and ho married a« bis 
fourth wifo Klixahetb. daughter of Robert 
ThoroMm of Tlrecnwtch, by whom ho bad ft 
deiu^fhier. Anne, married to Alexander, bro- 
ther of tiiT .Tamea Macdonald of SI«it, The 
jndjfo delcpitcig of London havinir declared 
iha- viilidiL}' uf th« marrlafTii (■< Ilavh>-1 Win* 
terfield.flhe appeared inScritlnnd in HiS".to 
pa'ss for an alimeat of 2.000/. and 300/. a 
vr-jir during nnn-adlierence. By hi* fifth wife, 
Mary, daughter of FrancJJt Sinclnir of ijlir- 
coke, h<_- hn>l three iona and two dn,Ufrhtera. 

Joiix .VlAtrtAT, racond Lord Kcat {^. 
llJoO), the son by the lirnt lord's tirat wife, 
lonk part in a ro%iLlifit insurrection in tho 
iiiirlb in 1049; imng dvfralvd by David 
I>c4io vm sent prisoner tn the Tnlhoothj 
afli-rwanl« joined thi- roviili*t» under Glwi- 
raim in ItlM, and wa.4 takrn priiinnt>r at Ital- 
veny. By his second wife, Ilan)«r«,dauf;htor 
ftf fliigh Mackay of Scoutib, he waa fatlier 
of l.>otia]d, whose son Oeor^ie, third boron 
Keay {d. 1741S), was distin^jiii^hed n» a sU]^ 
porter of the Ilnnovcrians in I7IA, I7)A, 
uiid 174''S, and was a fellow of tbe Uoyal So- 
ciety. London. The accond lord's acoond son, 
/Kneua, wa^ brii^dier-uetieml and eo1on«l> 
[iropnotor of the Mackay Dutch rq^ment in 
tho Bwvice of the Stat e»^ien era), and marrj'- 
ini; in l<if)2 RanuN'Kx MtiTyiin<t, diiiiKhtrr of 
Lieu tenant -colonel Baron Francis Piickler, 
became naturalised in Holland. IIi« great- 
f^ndton, Boron Ptorthold .lohn Chrii>tiaii, 
was father, by hia wife Ann Magilalen, 
boroneas de Itcneaao de AVilp, of ^uMa^ 



« 



£ 



Mackay 



124 



Mackay 



barnn Mockny d'Optiemert, bom 13 Jftti. 
IHW, who BuocuMk'd Co iIkh barony of Ke«y 
u lonili lord m 1875, on tliu di>«th of tii« 
eoiism Kric, nJniU Imroii, a duscviidnut nf 
Qeorg^e, thti tbird lord Heay. Tbe tiaath lord 
wu minister of ttnle in the Xetherlandi!, and 
vic«-pr«wd»nt nftliMiirivycoiiucil UiiTe. IIm 
3ied e March 1S76. tU: marripd Mary Cathe- 
rim* Jiicobn, diiiinhlpr of Bnrun Fagi-'lf iirivy 
coiinriLlor of tJifi NeTlii-Handfi, and was aiic- 
ceeded &b eleieoth lord I(«a_y by his son 
DonhldJttmt')i,wLciivBinii«drv-'ldicnC''inE»ft- 
landfiuidwae goventorof n(iiijl)By(lK85-W). 

(Rob*rl Ourdoii's II Ulory of the Cliio Hsckay j 
Sir Robert GorLlon's liarlilum n{ I5t9th«rland ; 
Kobert Muuni'd Kijiidiliuu wiUi Ilio Wortliy 
IVoti:hi{«f-imenL (-HUml Mri«'kiij'H,16ri7iSt«w&rla 
Eiglilandora of SL-oildDd ; Itcg. P. C. Scotland ; 
CWI. StAl« Pnporx. Hum. Sor. r«i):naf Cbarlual ; 
Robert Itailli^H LnU^n hoJ Jouronls (lUnna- 
tyoa Club): l^^.'oldiitg'ii McmorialU, Gordpn's 
Bcfit* Allnirs, and J'ftlrii-k Gordon's Hpitnno's 
Xhalemper (nil Kpaliling Oliili); iSir Jame* B«U 
tour's Aniialtf -, Douglas's Scottish Pcwmgo 
(Wood), ii. 362-3.] T. F. H. 

MACKAY, HUan (Ift40?-ie92), of 
SroHrio, (Z^mrtrnl, tliinl son nf Hugh Mnvkar 
of Sconrit-.Sutbiprlftiidahire^-difiecended from 
Hu^li Mnchny, third of Strdthnaver. chief 
of the eliiii Alachay — bv Aiiiit*, drtUj(]n(?r 
of John Corbpt ot Arkbofo or Arbnlf, fios;- 
ibtri*, wa* bdm tii. Snmrii: nboiit UWO. After 
the Hestoratiiiii, in ItHH), hi- hi-caniH eunitfu 
in Douglas's or Diimbnrtoa'a n'pmi>m, siuj- 
aeqiiRiitly Um niyii! Scots, nnd whwi lliii 
rtipimeat was h>nl- by ChnrW TI to the 
French kinj;, Mm-lciiy iicci.'totintiii.id it to 
France. (In his n'tnrii to Knj^iAnd in lfiif4 
lie WM presented at fourl , and obi ained from 
CharUtg ftTi open letter, diited WhitcbiiU. 
^0 Au^., recoQUuondiii^ biu to the favour 
of any 10 whom homij^ht shon-it. By means 
of it lio obiaincd un introduction to thu 
Princti of Condfi mul lhn Viwount Tunmn^. 

Althtiuch — through the deaths of hia two 
eld«r brcilNiTit, who were iniirdL'H'd in Cnitli- 
neffi — Mnckay, on tlio death of hia father in 
1668, succecdfd to (hefamily estates, h* con- 
tinued to refill* nbrond, Tn IHr>t»,ftlr*n^ wiili 
other rcdiicpd offlcers, hi> VMliirt.i:>ftrfitl into 
the itorrice of thG Venpf iaii republic, to awint 
InilrivitiB'tht'TurkF' from the; island of Candin. 
and innckiiowl'iKl^'mc-ut of hii*vn]«urri'C('ivi-(l 
anicdnl. In IH"^ hoobtained n captaincy in 
Hu ni barton's rL-|{iuit.'nt,\vith ■whiubLowrvod 
undi?r Tur^nue in the i<\|ieditinii agniii«l 
tho UnilL'd I'rovintftza. when John f'hurchill. 
afterwards Dukt^ of i\liirlb>>roiif(h [n. v.], wiw 
a foilow-oHlcier. While qiiarU'reii in ihc 
town nf Etonmp! in Oiicldri'», in thfl hoiiM- 
of a Dutch lady, the wifo of the Chevalier 



do liid, ho fell in lore with her ^Ident 
daughter Clara, whom in 1073 he mnrriod. 
The piouH beliefit of the family made n durji 
im^nsstftoD on hi» character. ' Ho wba,' bmvs 
Durnet, * tlin nio^t piouA niati (liat I trwr 
know in a mililnry wav' t,Oum Tinv, ed, 
1S3H, I), 5i0). Tbiit hi< had fouRlit in an 
imjui't cansi? now gars him serious concern, 
and his natural Eympaihies bving aUo witli 
the Diilch, he transferred his eenriceA tf* 
iho Sute^ tvueral, ubtatniiiz a ci[itAiiicy in 
thi; Scots Dutch brii^iule. lit- diittincuiahed 
hinisolf at tliu battle of SinutT in ltt<4, and 
aliw at theeii.^HO uf Cinui', whidi cupitulaled 
on S4 Oct. of the same year, 8ubaei)u«itly 
hu wae promuUid to Ihu rank uf ma)or-[M>in- 
mandant. In llu7 hi; vt-nAiippointtHl roloni.d 
of out) of tlw Scota r(>gimenta, but whether 
th ia WM, tu hisbio^frapber statrnfin prufervncv 
to his future adrerNiTy,JohnGnitiam of Cla- 
verhouse [q, v.], is doubtful. In 16^^11 be waa 
made coloiin'l of the regiment, and when, in 
ItSyfi, thfl brigade wa» called over to Huff- 
land by James II to afisiat in subduing the 
Monmuuth rikiii^, bv watt appointed to it« 
command, obtaining on 4 Jane the rank of 
taajor-goueral. Thi- wrvic^ja of the brigade 
WL-re not r('(juirr;il, but MiLcltny, in r)*coff> 
nitioQ of the promptiludfl of ita deapal^ 
was madei n iirivj- cnuncUlor of Scotland. 
He went norln to lOdinhun^b to take the 
oath and bis («a:, but n>turned to Loudon 
without, visiting hia c«1at*8. After the bri- 

fad(.' bad bi^'ti niviowvd by Jamca II on 
lounslow Heath, be set hail wilb it for 
Hollautl. ln]i]^7 JuuieHlIpropoHrd tulran»- 
fer the briifadu tn the ncrvivj? of Fitluch, but 
ibu propoHul WM evaiU'd by the Prince of 
(tr4ingt<, nnd when, nn ^ Jnn. ItWS, .lamwi 
dflmnnded ila r*?cnll, it waa di'rided tn ri'tain 
the privateB,tlio olticers being per mitt «d to 
follow tbi-tr own incliiinlinn*. Tlie majority 
of ihem, including Mackay, the conunandeTf 
elected to remum, The dMiaion of Ma^ 
k»y doubtless puwi'rfuliy QfTeclud subscqueDl 
hvenLs. It necAisarity also provoked the 
slronp res^^ntmont of King .Tames, and Mk- 
Kay Df[iiTed nnion); iIlomi who weru aftnrwurda 
uppcially exempted from pardon. 

In the expedition of the I*ririce of Oranai' 
to I'lnfjlntirl Mni.'kay biul eomniniid of Thr- 
Kngli^li and Hr.otji division, which was tht> 
tirft sent on shore after the Dutch fleet madw 
the harlwur of Torbnv. On I Jan. HlS3 he 
WJM nppoiuti'd by William mnjor-ceueral and 
commiiuder-in-cliiefof the forces tn Scot londf 
and aft-LT his recovery from u sevvre iltnesf 
willed for hciih, which hereachcilonW March 
I<!Htt, His forees coutistt'd of the old Scoie 
Dutch lirigiide, nidun-d to idcvi-u hundred 
men by the omission of all the Dutch eoldien, 



Mackay 



I as 



Mackay 



Uie intention Iwincto fill up tW ninki> willi 

ttuh rermiia. The iicmMialfl purpose of 

> drapntch tras Wprotect Ibeeittin^of th« 

Kmientinuat l-^linburcli.biii the movemcnta 

Ciat •-HifmAe iu tlie uii,'liIaDila wideoed the 

I of bit i]US«ion,an(] nMMsitAtcd a nn»- 

ClavsrliouM IiKvLng on 30 Marcb 

twn pn*cljtiiiM.il a tnutor, Macksj was ^eut 

Bortl) in lib punuit. llavui^ iippoiiit«(l tli» 

of UuiuIm m» tli« irndMvotia for bis 

he lukstoied aHi-T ClaTerhouse with 

hoadrod men, but wa« TOTnplpU|ljr 

tod in hia atr^mpt ro track him. He 

tlwD oecanied Klgin, and nubsequently In- 

TcmeM, Wnere ha wa« join«d by nboiit four 

. Jiuiidmd clu»m«ii from tho far north, The 

■pbelU were also, of course, with the 

at, but this fact was of it««If ^iii*- 

cit!at t'>pn>vi'iit tbo adlioeioa of the otbnr 

aod all Maduy'a endeavours to ji^io 

[tban WK-re (ruitleae, «vva Atbolo dKliaiuji: lo 

eommit liimki'lf. R«tnforciC-iii«ntsun<I<>r Kahi- 

•■T,Knt ta meet Macliay at KutbrL>n Castlv, 

on the Spey, wt re lhn.'«t.>ni>il by (^b vi'.rhouw, 

uid rompcllml to fall hacii on Prrth, and. an 

a fartltpr preTautioD, ClaveTiii>ii:<e CHptiirtil 

BttGbren Cwtlo and rated it to tho eroiind. 

U««lao tnule an aitenipt to aurpri^e Mackay, 

I vho elndod bint bv marfhinp; doim Stratli- 

l-wpvr, and luccei-ilL-d in viK-ctiuK » jom'tiou 

■ itli ICatnmy. IlaTinu irround* for auspeot- 

ing thai L'LarprhouA>_> io his movi'tut'tLtf hud 

bvvn ^idc^l bv infomintiori I'r'nl him liv 

of the drafToon ofliotra, Mackny hail 

ffbtfin arrvstvd and t-mi tn Edinbuivb, wliirrti 

||hr-y mnf''**i'd (ht^ir giiiit. With his ri'in- 

fnrwmeati Mackay now retraced bis steps, 

hprcpnn-d to pive battlet, but Clavcrlwiisii rt" 

tin-d CO the nouDtainii, Ivaving Mackay to 

Burrh safelr but to no purpose to liivtrrnc^M. 

KxpcricncMi now ctmvmci-d Mui-kuy of the 

ifKip^LMmMui in tha liifrhlanda of th« usual 

^methods of warlare. lie thotefore recom- 

mi-nded th** «tabli»hnipnt of a cluiin of for^ 

trpnee in th^ r^ntral highlands, Ix^ginnin^ 

,st Inrerlocby Castle, oriffinally ervcted by 

Xonrk, which hi^propoeoatonrenf^hen una 

garrison with a larp* force. Leaving a portion 

of his troops to hold Inverness, he nn-nuwhilo 

' firt umed with the rermainder to tlio south, in 

I order to C0D«ult with the gorenunent ri>- 

irdin{rhisplana,and to collect a sufficiently 

lidablu force. Slow progreas was made 

in bie preparations, and th<>T vntrf siiU far 

from complete when the ■Dln^tii>B of Dundee 

in Atlxdl potntnl to the necnwity of tciEinir 

^lair Castle. U was guriaoned ty a portion 

J"«rf th* clan under Stewart of Ballocbin, who, 

factor for the absemt marquis, held it in his 

Iff. but witbout hi* sulboriiy.for (.'Inver- 

lilMmM. Mackay, on :i6 July llitfO, set out from 



Pertltwtth.accordinKto hit) own account,' six 
battalions of foot, making at the mo!^ three 
tJiousand men, with fotir troopa of hone and 
as many dragoons' (Afeinoir§, p. 4ft). Of 
this force he oUo 8tat<at tint ' liltlu mon> tbaa 
onL- half could be said to be dt«cipliiitHl,' and 
tbm: uuitiy of chu olIiciTs hud no miliurv ex- 

EmeucB. Uti nrri%-in^,nt mii!iii}(ht, st l>iin- 
eM, an cxprp^as ronched him from TiOrd 
MuriTiy announcing ibo «rri>*nl of a part of 
Pimdee'a forcea at Blnir, and his own cnnso* 
quent rettnmeot to Killiecraiikie, where be 
had po«t«d • guard to k^ep th^ head of the 
paas. Resuming his march at daybn-ak. Mac- 
kay passed sately through tb-^ pass, only to 
deliver his armr into tho bands of Clover- 
bouse. He made the fatal miatakeof undcr- 
rattni; his adversary, and by drawing up his 
forces in a thin, extended line gnw Claver- 
bouse the best chance of vielor)-. lie himsulf 
attributed his defeat to the slowni-ss of his 
rai-n in fixing bavont^ts, and thl* Iwl him to 
invunttbepUnuffirin^ with (he fixed iNiyoiiH 
(iVi. p. t)ii). In no nimpcl diil blsprtnence of 
mind dissert him, hui tiifl initinl miittakr was 
irretrievable, and his generalship found no 
furl heroppfirt unity for it* exertise.thc battle 
being deciued at t he tirst charge. 1 [<• did mako 
on attempt to rally a portion of hi.t caralry, 
but tbi-y also becwne almost immi-diatuly in- 
fected with panic, and ^loped oft' in wild 
dii^"r<!(i!r. Cutting bis way through the crowd 
of attaekinff bighlaiid^rs, Uacxay ' turned 
about to see bow matters 8tood,'nnd found 
that ' in the twinkling; of an eye in a mauner. 
our men, ns well 0.1 the onemy, were out of 
sight," ant! ' wns surprised to see at first view 
hiiniirirHloiir uiton the field* (I'A.p.oT). But 
on looking furtli(.'r to the riglt. be diitcovcred 
that a small portion of his tmoijo, wlio had 
not come witnin tlii< sweep of the highlaiid 
attack, still uiaiutaiittN] llieir ]H>i<ittoii, and 
with ihi'se, iini] various bodiea of stragglent, 
he retmnUid acroas the Qarry. Ultimately 
be determined Lo strike acrowi tlte billy 
otjuntry, towards the valley of the Tay and 
Rtirling. Two miles from the battlefield he 
fell in with a portion of Itsmsay'sn'gimcnt, 
iinilvr thi'ir commander, but alnio«t witliout 
armfl, and compltti-ly panic-stnick. TW re- 
treat was poiitinueil all night, and, with abort 
halt.-! at Wccm and Drummond I'lmtles for 
rvfresbments, Stirling wa.vruiiched, afUrau 
almost continuous marrh of sixty hours. 

In the lowlands the dtntb of Clavcrliouse 
deJUroyed tnucb of tint moral etTect of his 
vicicTj-, but it was not so in thu highlands, 
for all the doubtful clan« now Hocked to tha 
siAoilard of King Jamm, and Cannon, the 
successor nf Clnverhouse, found UiuH'lf al- 
most immediately in comnuuid of no leM 



Mackay 



U6 



Mackay 



thui iivv tlit>u»^iid mi^n. On Lhe other band, 
Mocliay, in the meiisnrea hf taak to minimis 
or rttrievo dlsnster, (lisplnyvcl nilminible 
prrtniptiturto. Within two davs of r«acbtDff 
Stirling he waa in command »i two thonmnd 
foot and horsL-. itiid with thiwc he at oncfl 
mnrchtrtl townrdi* Perth, to protect it against 
the eu^my, und proroat thiiir mfircli south- 
wiirds. Nuur the city ho routed Uiri»e hun- 
dred of lh« Rr»l)Hrt«niia sent ibrward to eol- 
Isct KupplicH (.*11 .rtilyl6^> His hold ntli- 
ttidu iMLralyBi'd Cannon'* n^solalion, who, 
njrAtnsit thft ndvire of Lnchipl and olhtT chiefs, 
witlidrctw nnnhwardfi aloiigthueloiK.-:! uf (hu 
nnitnpian!!, with tlm ni)|>Hrinil. iiitt^nlioiL of 
ore 11 Jiving A l»'rd('cn. In thia ha was frus- 
trat»Af by Mackay, who, ki^^pinf; r panillel 
couri>o n!on^ thu low grrnimd, fltnreil n niglit 
at Aberd<-eR,and then followed Onnnon into 
tho terrilory of the Gordons. Nt'iir Stmth- 
bogiu tho two ftritiie* were within aix miWs 
of eaeli otUer, but Cannon avoided bsttlo by 
rutiTulitur towardi! AthoU, wkcro, loar&iu^ 
thai. iKinldild wfts oci"ui>ied bv a single Teg;i- 
inontofCam«toninus.uiidBrC(«laiid[Bt-6CLB- 
LAWn.Wll.l.l*W,ltlttl ?-ltWOj,hr-(lifLi*rmin«l 
lorinlr nnall-'inpttn capture it.. The remark- 
able feat of tbe CnmtTonimiB in biilHinf; l!iy 
ottumpt priirticnlly decided tijfi cAmpalj^i. 
Cfttnion'naiialess waiid'.'rinirs had already ex- 
cited the contt-mpr. of lii^ highlnnd followcrB, 
who nuw foUivd to iht-ir ht^iueH and li;t1 him 
tn his fate. With hi* Irish troops L'annon 
■witbdniw to Mull. .Muckay, nfwr n^nnliing 
l'iirth,proceeiied to Blair Oa»l]e, to receive il« 
8iirronaf;r and Lhti Huhmi^^ou uf th« SifwuTtii 
i-24 AuR.> 

In ItSfK) Mftcltay commoncisd the erection 
of the etri.injjholtl at InvorliH'liy, wbirh, in 
honoiirof the kinp. was named Fort William, 
iLud olYer suppreMing ii ri^iufj in the nnrtli 
under Mnjcir-jrfncrnl Itncbaxi [oei* ttrcfUN. 
TnoMABj, who hod boen st-nt from Irelund 
to snccned Cannon, ho. in Xovintbi^r lOlHJ, 
laid down his vonimaud, anil, nccompanying 
tha kins lu tbella^fi'e, npont the winter with 
hia family in Holland, no aMt^ted llio kiu^ 
in urmn^inK th*i mi-asurua for the cam]}B.ign 
of Ifilll in Flanders, hut vnm himself will to 
Ireland us eeoiid in comuiand to 'ivnvrut 
1 litikfl >|.v.} lift hfudi'd the fifteen hundred 
pY'iindifniwbDonSOJuau 1001 achiuvvd tho 
briliiflintfijil of carrying lri:«btowiihy(L*aault, 
ftftiir cros^inif the dofip and rapid ford of ihu 
Sliannon, .\t tbn hiUlb' uf Aut'hrim, on 
12 .Tuly.bupt'rfnmiedan equoUy remarkablu 
I'Xploit by lendinp; the cavalry acrrwut nii 
■vlmoKt i mpa«snbl 1^ Imp, on wh ich h'p Hiicce«Ied 
in makinR a patbwjiy of biirdlc". Ht' tnnied 
th^ ilanlt of the Imh army, and waa thua 
chiefly inMrumental in winninff the victory. 



Aiter thfi capitulalian uf Limitrick on S Oct. 
he Totumcd to nulland. In 1603 he iru 
aeut, with thv rank nf lieiit«naut-|i0avnl, to 
command tho British dtrisinn of the prand 
arniv in FlnndiTs. At the battle of bt4*io- 
Mrl^ 24 July IfiOS, bi- M the atUck, and 
nflt>r & desperate atrue^W dnive back tbft 
8wi«swiT-h^-at alaiichter. To avart diMflt«r 
the French household truoiM worfl a«nt to 
thL'ir support. Mackay, disceminff bin im- 
minent danger, lukod for immediate n;in> 
forcement.'i, without wbinh, hi- athrmvd, he 
could not hold his poaitinn. Ife waa com- 
innudcd tu hold it, hut rvtnibrcenoaM wore 
denied him. ' The will of thu Lord ba done,' 
be e;Lclaimed, on receiving the tatiil mes- 
wi^i). Hi^ wn« alain, aloiip with the greatw 
part of hi» division. 

Hilt defeat at. Killiecrankie has pf.i«»ibly 
unduly Inmi.-'bcd Mnckay 'a reputation: hut 
during his bigblnnd camiiai^n, wUcnhc bidd 
independent command, tie on no Dccnsinn 
apptyared to vvry uuncL advunlage. The vic- 
tory at Dunkeld waa jfained by Clvland, 
«D<1 ihu victory ofCrumdaU by laTingatonp. 
There is no cvicb-ncf llmt he could hare 
cojwd on anything like eijnal t«n»fi with 
Diiiideir, who,liiul hu 8iir»-iTed Killiecrankip, 
would prohnblv have iiooti h<id all Scotland 
nl hiameivy. \et .Mackay continued tocujoy 
rhf full c<mflikiice luid r>?spect of Kin'fr 
William, and his stibMi'Ouciii mhiercmeiitA 
ftlsi'i ^liow that if lack of iuitiaiivR unfiitod 
him for fliiprcine command, be had few or nn 
suj^erion as a genenil of ilivi:ti<>n. His coo- 
eci«atiouisnfl(», Htutrle-inindednes:, and u»i- 
&)linr ael^jiokJMiitiioii nioued to some ex- 
tent fcr bia Ittclj of tnilitaTygeniiu. 'The 
kiuff,' wiv* Hurnwt, 'often obnervKl lliai- 
whrn bo liad fnll leisun* for his devotions h» 
nrtfd witb it peculiar exaltation of counu^*. 
He had one very sinpnlnr quality: incouuctU 
tif war b« delivenHi liis uninion frocly, and 
maintained it with due Keal, but how positive 
aoever he was in it, if tbucouncil of warover- 
riilfd, oven though he waa rtitl convinced by 
it, yet to all others ho jiiatiflcd it, and exe- 
cuted bii4 pari with th>- Kiim« lea) as if his 
own upiniiuilind prevailed '( fHwi 7i«»>, I8:i8 
ed. p. W:i>. 

3Iackay had an only Non, Itogb, major of 
hi* father's regiment, who wm killed U 
Cambniy in ITllS, and three daiig-btor*, rf 
whuui Mai^ret waa n)nrrii>d to Georpc, 
third lord It-'ny. The descendants in thu male 
line became extinct in 1775. Aportmil of 
Markay fmiii a minting in ]H«».<es]iia of I^ord 
Heay iK prefixed to his • Memolra'and tohi« 
' Life.' Slnckny was the author of Rule* of 
War for theltifantTy.orilcn-d lohoobAervnl 
by their Majoatiee'Subjuctseneountring with 





th-Kn^mv npou lli« dav ot Ilftttrtl, nTitton 
1 .inr-Gencral Mackay.&nd Reeom- 

' All (mk wfU •>lfi<ri-.ni MM Mtdieni) 
I : - -rs. and Knplisli amiT. In XJCui 

»r- r„ i>ublish(?d br hi« ExcplWicirtSe- 
cnt»Tv.' it«printc<l At Rdinbiirfrh bvJolin 
Keul IB ItKPS. A Tolume prinU-d W tlio 
B*iuMtini« Club in ls33 ivintAiiu hU' Mo- 
moin touching tb« Scots Wdti,' ' Memoires 
6cntM k u MitJMtte Krilftniiiaao touchuit 
bdarm&ro Compugiit; d'lriAiiue,' ' Lettrea 
tm rup4eb<« Kritv«, lomiu'il commuidoic 
«n cba lea tnmpei dc s& Maji.<Bti» l-ii £oone,' 
mad m Appenoix of ' Laiuni ivUtive to 
Military Afliiir* in S^oilftnd in ibe years 
1«B0 and 1690.' Many of hia Ii-tt'in irv 
printful in 'l^vwi nml Sti-lviUt? Pnppra' 
(flulnAt^■nn Club), in Macplienaa's 'C>ri- 
nrioal Papers,' and in * Hist, MS9. Oomni.' 
TSlh R«p. App. pt. viii. 

[L<rii br John Sluckity of Roofcrille, 193fi; 
Xaetoy'tf ^Atnuira. l/erai and Melville Papon. 
Dalcams'a Hi-nwin, nod MMnoirs of Kw-.\n 
Chmaroa (all HanuaiyiiR Club); Mni-I'herwin'* 
Oriipttitl Pnpere: Ilnnuit't) Own Tiine; Dal- 
TTmplv'a Ucntoin of Grmt Britain ; Napier'* 
]M«B>orah of GrmhaiB of ClamrboiMo, VtKount 
DwkdM : Msewday'B Hiet. of EoglaiHl : BuRon's 
i^^aiary o( Scotlaod.! T. P. H. 

UACKAT, JAMES TO\VNSKNI> 
'7ft?-I»52), botani^l, wa« boni in Kirk- 
iy, Fifeshire, about l?"."!. After being 
' at I be parifh Fchiwl ho wiut trained 
. R prtl^nfT, ikiul havine Allpd E«T>-ral posU 
SwlUiid went to Ireland in 18CXI. 1K> 
tbowBit of Lh« itlsnd in ISOl and 
ud as ft twuU published n ' Cata- 
lofthe itiirer I'lanta of Ireland' in tbe 
. _ . lettoiu ' of tbv Koval Uublio Society 
■tha foUowing year. 'This catalogue ho 
' into tkc ■ CatolufTuo of t be Indii^ 
Plant* of Indund,' iMililiiihRd in IM^ 
llie ' TmnflACliona ' of the Itoyal IriKli 
IT, wbicli was afrnin th« bnniit of liia 
llih«mica,' puhlishMl in 1^36, the 
l«Typto«amic portion of wbicb was hy Dr«. 
- rey and 1 aylor. Thi' pivcrin»r-i of Trinity 
, Dublin. IiAviDft <ii>iemiiiied to esln- 
tUiical putlen, Mackay wMiwrora- 
iieiid<^ to them as n curntor, and tie held 
p»t from IKyJ until bin death. Soon 
« bin ajipriintnient be was elected an 
■•wnciat't <'f rlio Unnnn 5ocivLy, and in 
I860 tli« nniviTKtty of Dublin bMtowpd 
upon him thr dopree of LL.I>. Hv mm 
■MacJcpd by paralysi" ab>int 1800, and died 
of brun«hiLLs in Dublin '2^ Feb. 1862. 

Mackay diwoyvrol «"?i><nil j>pi-cin« of 

EbiDM new ro tb» British leW, and rnntri- 
B(ed larg*lv to Sir J. K. Smith's ' Engli«h 
Bouny' fltlK)-1814). His berbanum is 



proicrrod at Dublin. Several unsucc«a«ful 
attempu wuro madu to p<irp«tuat« his name, 
which is now borne by a ^nu« of n^awKmU, 
Mackayn, bo named liy Dr. Warrey, and by 
a *p»C(t^it of b>-atli, Kru-a Markitiaria. Nin« 
papers by him Upon Irish plant*, «<>vi»ral fn^m 
ibit n^iK'ri* of the Britisb Afisociation, are 
enumnrated in the 'Royal Societv's Onta- 
li>;^e,' iv. 161 ; but hii onlv inJepoodcnl 
work WAS tbe * Flora Ilibcrnttra.* 

|Prw. Lino. Sue. IBB2, p. cr; Jonraal of 
HomcuUon-. 1662, ii. i57.] 0. S. B. 

MACKAY, 5CACKINT0SH CI«)0- 
187;i), Gaelic acbolar, bom in IfiOO, non of 
Captain Aleuuidur Mackar of Duord Befi in 
Smherlanil, waA i>ducali-(l fur tba ministry, 
and waj presented tn thii iHtnidi of TAggnn, 
Invrmrn.— nhire, in lrt2o, lie superintende^d 
the iirintin^iii 182r! of tlic (Jnelic dictionnry 
of tbe ni){blund and Apricultunil S"civiy, 
which i» Mill the »tandnrd dictionary of that 
lanenaKe. Imlie followingywir be publifrhvd 
nt Invcmew tbe first edition of the ' J'ornia ' 
of Itoburt Mocliiiy. Uub Douu 'q.v.] In tu- 
COgnition of these urricea iTit- univi'rHity 
of QUagow garo him the degree of LL.D. 
In 18S3 he waa translated to thn parish of 
Dunooo. He left the eatablisluKl cbiircb at 
tlio dtsniiilian, but retained tbe fnf« cburch 
charge of the Knmc parisb. Tie was Mcctrd 
moderator of tbe free chorvli a3«>-mbly iit 
IS49, Firo years Rflvr V^ emi(;raied to Aus- 
tralia, become nuuister of tliQ Gaeltp church 
at Melbourne in I8Mnnd at Hydnry in It^Gtt. 
Retuminif to Scotland be herame minister of 
tbM fn?ii (Jjiiri'h at Tiirbrrt, Ilarriii, and died 
in ISrS. Ho hod the honour of the friend- 
ship of Sir Waiter Scott, who diwcribes bim 
afl *a siRipl<\ leamrd man And a Highlander. 
who weighs bis own nation juattv. a inodvitt 
and Mlimablu person.' Un viaitinp .\bbots- 
fordinMay I83J,Uacliay dtvwlhoaltf-ntiDii 
of Scott and Lockbnrt to the poems of Ilub 
i)onn, and thus lud to the rcriow of them by 
I»ckli«rt in th« M^uam-rly.' July I>«i|, for 
which he eitpplie'l !^evera) proae Tniu^lnli'ins. 
Sciitt nto'ininirnded tin; manso sl l^gpin aS 
a nuitable piniv, and Mackay tj< a rtuifahls 
tutor to Ilia friend. >Ir. Skene of ItuhUlaw, 
fix bi« turn, Williiim Fi>rliea Skooo, tL« lus- 
torion of Celtic Scotbind, thrai o voutli of 
oinetevn, who went to LekiibQ and studied 
Oaclic. Mockny thiu acted as foster-fatJicr 
to the tiaelic poi^l of ibt? latt and tbv Celtic 
historian of tno present century. 

[Infon&ation from )Cr. W. Forbes flkoie; 
Qaartwly Kwiaw, July IS3I.] M. U. 

MACKAY. KOIJEIIT. o-mmonly called 
Pirtli llriXN^lhr Bnnvnl(iri4-ir7H».0>irlic 
poet, was bbm at. Allt-oarCoilUch, Strath- 



i 



Mackay 



:rS 



mr*4tt^ 



u 



MTVT.SiKtlirriAad^bE. Oh fcllwr, DawU, 
•b»e*II«l Diwa.«w « cBoftcr miha £»- 
tftct ealfed DalUefc Mkie AfliA, or Lord 
Resf *fl CoBBti^, dktf ik dtmtai ths dim, 
w^ WM «tai ite ■cop rirt a r . Boderik 3I»^ 
■atM, wb> loMv Aa foM, dMnhri ha M CiBs, 
'lirown-h»inJ,h njWM wi,f«liMr p li t i u w ' wt«s1 dagi 
pIfiirtBiirl, ^ear-ddaaea, aad, I vaaU mt, the taam 
fwJ Icwinag. Wbn W «M«fcd a eKMB fcM ■toek.witki 
ay <imfct tha vhola ix a claMa, aad fcii mmtMlitj t/t 
1 mtknnitmmXtmwa^waBtD.' F^AmmSAl 



Mackav 



»ha 



loTtbei 




Th» brown tctom, wWaoa loa by aaif, ' irtiraai.fcr ka lafirtai ia tfca Swthg U ad 
■arfcedikafiwa^raaWfaqgnglathakaachkipyMiM^ar Baqr faeEMH, whan fint 
of OlurmBBoe in tlw weak, whidi «■■£•- nMBd,Bl79B. iks^ Ac^fiav £d notaait 

ttoct frrm tht nJ^Wnd and bjoBr-fauIt kia Man tkaa Aa escua imlea did Bun*. 
higbUwltr f)f (be •••(. Hm waeXber tmrng "It in ihanaagarl fia ■!■■■ i fiiia iliJILiiiil 
fty ea tt of Uw eU Oanaaie foe—, Wc aifaed b> wUek fMjiai ke ba to ^i d . ht t^ 
Mtfhar hb fttlMr aor aar of hia tbiaa tr^ . pGad, wkk tha priaa of a U^laader aad « 
fheni bad th* poetic gift. Mefintafaowedbia '" ' 

taknu in iauaey, nd n aaid. on anpanaUj 
M»d aatboritT, to Iwto nplicd, Woeo onlj 
una nan olo, ta a Oaelic rtiyne, idll p«- 

imt d. to bi* tiinthrr'ft mroacbn for bnoy a flail, «a to tbe pn^aratioM of a aalira 00 a 
MackaTMEOM Benr frmnritenrmns-Batdof ladrKear.heliiM 



Boec : 'RebDaaakafangs too«fTT-cnaipaaj.' 
He noaiiwd m tUi aona dU' it 



daoed. in 1767, lAmm ho wtww l 
Oviaf ciiher w Ua icfbMl to thnA «Hfe 



ont vithout hii iroelE. UackajaaeoM nenr vnMmtenrmnt'aaMoiud^Kear.hi 
to faaregooe 10 kBooI, and nonr leant to liu place as bonan, and be rMind lor a 



to Ajbmora. aear Gape Wfath, bm aA*^ 
little waaallowadtorMBBtoBal-M 
wbfm ha watnej till Lard Hmf^ 
H« ibeo obuinad wmifhy^mlt froB C 
Ungli aiacka7 ofattnar, a aan of Ua ew&at 
naaicr, and ooattaned in hia aarriea ctll 




rend or writ*, ^^lien only aena ha beeaine a 
beid on tbe fiinn of Mtiaal, held b; Jolio 
Uackay of Skenar. H0 was a land muxtr, 
bat Rob turret bnitaiod to try his wit on 
fnrnd* in-iiap>^rian. Aj a herd b« occasioaall v 
droraealtle to tbetiTvt mtFalkid^aodtrvo) 

to the lair «t K'-mlal. Oa one of iheaa joor- ^ abartlr bdon bit death. Va died in IT1& 
neri. when at CriefT, be wrote a poaas on hia A plain flualah, with hia ^law, Robert Mac- 
firal love. Annie Mom«oo, tvn rent* uf luv, RobOoaD.aadthedateaof hiabirthand 
wbicit i/uckbart quoted io Dr. 3fadiinto6h death, waalaidorerhUeraT* in the hirfcraid 
HaelayV trsnalatirm in an arttde in tbi> , of BatofrOaile, and Id It^ a qoadtaa^dai 
'Quafterlj' of l(i31, and the^ first nude Bob laaamneat of granite waa ended tbere^^bj 
i)ona known bejoad Ipa satire glena. j a few of his ooimtrnnen, adnintn of natire 

Anmr Morriaoo prcrfbrred a earpeoter to j tak^nt and txtraor^narjr jpe«uu>.' Uta wife 
tbe bcrd. and be aoogfat relief m patbetie died in tbe same tvu a« hiinself. Bjr her 
line*, wbich will be found in the uote he had thirteen cbililren. A xm died in 
article. He married a few yean later Janet 
3(ackay, daoahter of a tenant in Dunuat, 
and •econidfrcnnMackarofSkem.jraBmaU 
eioft at Belnahegliah. llieiebeliTM till thv 

dcMh of bia naner,on «ioai he eompoaed nne 

ofJusbeat^efpat. Hia talenla bad attracted 

tba liberal-hearted Donald, feurth Wd Rear, 
who BOW gave him a better holding on tbi; 

«wt abore of I>ieb Eribol, one of the wildest 

parta of Sutherland, wbcm hu di»c barbed tbu 

doable dotf of Wnl ait'l gan)eke<^r, for 

Rob was an ani<\nt ^ponsioan. Uo loat the 

latter part of bi» oIThnj whfo the ground 

was tnmcd into a di>er fort^st, with regular 

keeper*, but retained his Ukinfr for a shot, 

andwaa ocrasioDallj chnrpyl with poachinfr. 

Wh«a on bin way to the nherilT to answer 

aueb a cliurac he shot two d(wr,anil t'.'ldbis 

wife to wvwl fiiriliem.Bs he would l)eb<wkto 



Ai^oat 1778. Two of bis dangbten, hut 
nana of his aona, are *aid to ban inherited 
■otae of his poetic talenta. 

ICob't poema an- wiittea ta the Sathat^ 
laitd dialect, and frnra their tencDMn, aa 
well ai tbe UM of Peculiar word*, an diffi- 
cult totniiulateL lU- the aalivea of Sntbap- 
l&nd lie iii deamad tbe bett poet of the wttx^ 
em higfaUndi, bat orlwrs i«ckoQ him infeiii 
to l>uDcan Ban Maclntyrf 'a. t'j and II 

Bofhanan^q.v.] Onlr a few have been 

latvd. They have hvra eUnaod an hunumMU, 
satirical, soh'.mn.mnd deacripttrp, but the 
dace is not ha^W reprmented. Ilia 

work* ate elefnea and ntiro«. Amnn^ t l 

translated are: Two Iove.«.ng» to AnniD 
Mormon ; elefpee on Mr. Pelham, the Enjr- 
li»h statesman, Hugh Mackar, son of tbe 
Isinl of Bijthoiue, and Mr. liuidoch Mao- 



aharo tbem, and if not she would haru niOTe | dunald, miotstef of Uumess ; * Tbo High- 



Mack ay 



kndur'i HetlU1^* ' Tlie Song of Wintur,* • A 
IVwtn on DHstti,' «Dd a ' Satire on Avarice, 
ar tho Ktfp>ad Broitu>T«.* 

H** tvwinbLed Uunw in t tn> of ltii> liijilif *t 
qiulit ias — the love of nature and r he nut ural- 
iMM of hilt v«r»if. Rut bi9 pUo* auK^nj; p<»it« 
ctnnot tk* fairlj apprtH'iat*''! till more of hU 
poems have bwa translated. 

[)Ietiiuir lijDr. Hackinloali Uockny pTeSi«d 
toOnia Iff Rob Donn, iDbh^rnM. 1839 ; srUcIu 
tn QtuniirlT B«mv, Jolr 1831, by Lockharu] 

AJ. M. 

MACKAT, nOBERT nTLLI AM < 1803- 
IStfS), philowphor and sdiular, bom ^ Hay 
1608 m PiccaaiUy, London, wan only iu>n of 
John Mackay, nod was educattnl at Viin- 
chfvlrr. Hi- tnnlnrulali-'I iit BnwwnoHj Cul- 
lege, Oxford, 15 Jan. 1^:^!, grnduating [t..V. 
]@4 and M.A. 1!^-^^ and CAiryin^ otF tht> 
dlftiioeUoi'tprtloforLalin vl'»l'. On IcaTin^ 
Oxford he entered Linc^InV Inn in \'i^'2^, but 
aAm* planning and partly writing & m&liso 
oa (^{uity lie conceired a ditiikt; to cLu nuh- 
Wt, anil turned totheolofry and piulodophy. 
In IKJO he pubUehtd his moat eUlxwnte 
wiirh, * The ProgreM of the Intellect, aa ex- 
empliSed in tlio RcUgioits Di;velc>pnieiit of 
the Cin^iki" and Hehrews,' '2 vt'l*. Sra This 
■WM followed in \»M W ' A Sketch of \\\><, 
Kae and Progrwa of (..hriitianitT,' and in 
1863 by * The Tdbinf^'n School and its An- 
teeedeau: a Iteview of the lIlAtory and 
pKamtCooditioQ of Modern ThM)lo^.' All 
•re nmarkablv f»r * the nmount of nwokrch 
uid tbotubt put into a nairow compaa*.* 
Tleir autuor, as a pliiloMphnr, iffned most 
nearly with Kant, a» a tlivolofpnn tie follow<.od 
Banr and Strauss. IIU devntir>n to I'lnto 
found exprem ion in two traoelai ions — 'The 
8ophisi^ of Plato, transIftI<^l, with expUiia- 
tory Xotes and an Introduction oil Ancient 
•nd Modem Sophistry.' im>^, and ■ PUto's 
Veoo, translated, with oxplanatoir Kotc« 
and I ntroduct ion, and a preliminary Easay on 
the Moral Education of the Greeks,' 1860. 
TbeMr, liktt hia other workii,ihow orieiiiality 
of ihoughi and fine scboloiBhip. He dieil 
S3 Feb. IS8S. 

[AthuMnn. N'o. 38M, p. 2S3 ; BriL Mqr. Oit. ; 
Foater'* A]nmui Ozon.] R. B. 

MACKELLAB, MARY <1$.'U-1>^>, 
hifffalandpoetc«a,daiighter of Allan Caini>r<in, 
baker at Fort William, ttm bora on I Oct. 
18A4. Sh>- martini early John Mackellar, 
captain and juint-ownt-r of a coa#liu(( ve«»vl, 
mth whom she sailed for sertrral vears, vi»it- 
inff many placvs in Kunipt-, and Iwinf^ often 
•htpwrecked. She Wttled in lulinbur^h in 
1876, ftbortly afterwards obtained aju^cial 
Hpantion frooi her huxband, and dying on 

TOL. XX2T. 



7 Sept. 1800. was horied aC KQmalUe, Ar> 
g*-tl»)iire. For the last ten years of her life 
me> triifd to make a lirolihood by hrr pen. 
and »be was (jranled 60/, from the Itoyal 
Bounty Kiind in ]nK.V Her *Poema and 
Song«, Oaelic and En^liBb,' collected chiefly 
from m.-wspapcra and pi>riodicaU, were put- 
Ushed ut Edtnbuigh tn 18^. Thu Gaelic 
po^tms allow force and some faner, but tlM 
Knt'lisli piocuA, through which there is an 
uudcrtuiii! of Mulneiw, are of no merit. She 
also wTote 'The Touriat's Handboi^k of 
UaL'liu and English Phrases for ttiti lUgh- 
litnds' (Kdin!)ur^Ti, |N<IJ, anil Iu>r trsn^ 
Ution of ihflijuei'n'si*econdHflrie-^ of ' Iiea^iw 
fn^mourJuumal in Ilia IliKblMnds' liasbaen 
dnacribe<l as 'a masterpiece of forciblo tld 
idiomatic Gaelic' A 'Guide to Loohaber* 
by her givca many traditions and historical 
iuciiJi>nt4 nowhere cUe ivcorded. ^hu held 
the office of ' bard ' to the (iaolic fioricty of 
Invoniess, in whuau 'Tmusaciiuus' mucli of 
her pniw-, influciing ht-r last work, appi-nnk 
A moniuQi'ut is l>«ing erected to her uiemoty 
at Kilmnllie by public sub«cri|il inn. 

[Seots H/kgazinr, Msy 1891 ; TmaKu-tiona af 
Qaolic Sih-xpI V uf Iiir«rnCMi, vol. xri.. Intnida^ 
tiou ; K'twardxii Mudnm ScoUiab Pool!, 3iid aer. 
lUO; Miirdoch's B«ceai and Liriag ikoUuh 
uctn-l J. C. H. 



I 



MACKELLAR,P.\TUtCK (1717-1778), 
colonel, miliiary engineer, beloii^d loan old 
Scoltisli fsmily. In ] 7 8-j hr< vaU-tvA the ord- 
nance M-rvicu as a clurk at Woolwich, and in 
liH!', having been promoted to iIib olHre of 
clerk of thu works, was sent to Minorca, at 
thai ttuii- a military station of muni import 
tanco with Gihnillar. His talent for architec* 
tun? niid mililan- onglnwnng gained him on 
7 IK'O. 1742 llie wsmint of prBftitioner en- 
gineer, and on 6 Uarch L74S he was pro* 
motcd to bu engineer extraDrdinnry, without 
pasaing through the intermediate rank uf ftuh> 
eo^neer. In liol he was promoted en- 
gineer in ordinary. With the exception of a 
■liort inltrval of nfH-cinl duly at Siiei-niewi in 
17S2, he remained at Minorca until 17'M, his 
duties consisting in perfMrling the duf«nces 
of Port Mahnn, wilh the coUalcral work of 
St. Phili|i'e CaaUe, and in the extenaion of the 
subterraumui minu dpf>'nc><. and of tho under* 

KYiuni) stores and msgoxines, dcngiiDd by 
rigndiers Petit and Duraad. 
In 17.>4 MockollarwAficalhnl homo to join 
tho ifS|>i?ditionary force to ^o^th Auit:rica« 
and served in the ill-fatcd campaign under 
Braddock, making roads and bridfii;s in ad- 
vaiim of the army on the march fmm Alex- 
andria in Vir^nia across the Allpi;hany 
mountains, through a wild and littlo l«nown 



Mackellar 



f3« 



Mackelfar 



DOuntry lo Fiirt Du Qu«im«, at thv junclion 
af the Ohifi and Mnnnngnhi^U rivers. The 
army woe surprist'd by the Frencli and tlicir 
Indian allies nn U jiiiy dml nearly i-nf. t-i 
piecLi). ^Iftckelloi was Hevt-rulv wouuded, 
d lij»t bis bontfl and baggKge, jbr whicli lie 
viiCuuJIy received 183/. na eompDiwatlon. 
In the Hprinn; of 1756 be waa uiade chief 
eu^iii'iL'T of tliti frontior forU, and wm un- 
lfH){i,>il in I.Vie t^ouxtriictiiin i>f Ivro new fortd 
to -lupcrsode those misting nt Ontario and 
OsweRg wliun, in AuBust, tho onpmy's ftii* 
pra.rftur>> coninellftd the llriti.'*1i troop* to to- 
lira into ihttold t'oTXa. Thene Madiellarpiit 
into rH|inir as rnpidiy as poseible, and con- 
ducti?*! thn ditfrtnce with ftbility. The swpj <>f 
Ontario was short and decisive; tlie oMwbIIs 
broke up at cviiry blow from a miasilc. The 
^trriHOu uhaiidonud the work, uud crog^int; 
lh« vrnter imslicj into the starcftlv tenable 
fart vS OEvvL-ffo. lloru aguio Macktdlardid 
hi.4 bt!i«t, but till* KiirriNOii ■vra» fiircci! U> cnyti' 
tiilatt?, and Mucliellar becamii a prisoner of 
witr. Tliiwftsltikcn tr>Qut«boc,and tbunceto 
Montreal. Although kopt in somewhnt olnsi^ 
restraint, ha maimged to loam many useful 
particulars nbniil; thu places vrluch ho yrat 
(d'terwurd!* to nii^uull. (Ju thw e.tchaniro ut' 
prisoners ill 17o7 ho returned borne, and was 
I'uipluyk-d ill ruimirLn^f tho cai^tli!):, furtit. uud 
b&tteriefl in St^oiland. On 14 Mity iri*!/ hn 
vaa conimisaionwd captain in the amy in 
addition tn Inn ordiinnc' rank of piiRin'.'er, and 
on -t.Tan. I'SS Imwa'spriimoti-d suh-din'ctoT 
nnd tniijor. Mackuilar was aeci^od engineer, 
llnfttidit h«^ing tint clii-.rf, in llto expedition 
uuder Jeffrey, ufterwardit baroa .\mherst 
[q. tJ, forUio redMctionofLouisbnrg, which 
left Halifax on HH Mav 1758. Thuy orrivi'd 
at Ca.pe Ilreton on 2 .lune, nnd dist-nilirtrkeil 
KUCiiutei'iiUy on the 8tli !n the face of an 
ulwLiriate rt^nititanc'.'. fjiglillioiwu Toint wiu* 
8eizedDnthL> 12l.h. Therampwasi^ntronrhed 
and (rnnind broken npninst the fortress of 
LniiLihur? by Mackf^tlAr tho annii! nif;ht. In 
on« of luG sorties Baslido, who had been 
woumlcd the previous day, was tukeu pri- 
HcmeT, and Ma^jki'llar iw^umed iht- L-hief euii- 
duct of the operation. The Kiigliah lire six>ti 
hecatae eo hot tbat three of tlio lar^st of 
the eoemy's Kbips w<^ro aut ablazu, the ap- 
proaches wem driven closur mid loilgnrnnln 
toriuod in tho odvancftd works, while the 
citadel was in Cltiini-«. On 27 July the pirritfon 
(t).-j37 stronj^), without awaitinj^ the a.s8ault , 
laid dovn l.hi'ir arms. With the capture of 
I^utsburg thi* wholft island of Capo Breton 
fell t» tho British, whose loss wiw only Wy 
killed and woundtd. "Wolfe, who was pre- 
sent as bri^adi<-r>geiinra1, abuaud the cliiof 
ADginoer for taking so long over the buaineaa, 



but Iha SQOOHc of the undmrtakinir with so 
email a loss woa a lanral for Kfackellar. 

On 1 3 May l"5y Wglfe, who had been ap- 
pointed tfi tho supreme comnand of Uio land 
torcee in North Alaeric&i sailed for the St. 
Lawrence, and took Mackellar as his chii.-f vn- 
ginuer. TLo oxpodition arrived at tbu taUnd 
of tJrIeans, opposite (Quebec, od 1'(! Jud^ 
MackcUar threw up battoriua both on tho 
wttMt front of the inland and alia at I'oint 
Levi, and on iO .July opened fire on both 
the ii|f}]vr ard lower towns nf Qiu-ber. Th» 
lower town waij soon n'ducijd lo niina, Imt 
little impression waa madu on the upjwr.and 
\\ olfe, prowinu inipatii?nt,inRdenri nitiu-k in 
foreu from Monttaori.ncj' on 31 July, during 
which Mackellar was severely wounded. Thg 
nttotnpt fuilod, and Mockellar.notwithstand^ 
ing his wound, conttnuud to tlirect the sieg« 
operations. Wolfe was eager to storm, bu^ 
was disiiuadi.-d by MuckuUar, whu knuw from 
observations, luiuli^ whi-n n pri.4oiuT, the many 
obstaelee that must mCerjioae butween tha 
n)iiii(i[ilt on thr walls and the captrirtr nf l.ho 
citadel. On 13 Sept. Wolfe attacked th« city 
from above, and Msckelliir was with liim 
when hi! fcdl on tlie heiehta uf Abraliam. 
The city still held out, and Mackellar broke 
ground for a regular attack from the favour- 
fibl'U position gained by ibe UriiJih. On 
17 .Sept. the French capitulated, A journal 
of the expi:ditLon aignud ' 1\ 31.,* and written 
it i<« helieved by Mackollar, iit prinlnd iu the 
' Onrjis Papers of rha Royal Engineers,' 1847, 
conlributed by l>i«uteiiant-ueiu'ral O. O. 
I .ewis [(\. T.],by whom , howmnr, it is wrongly 
attributed to Major James MoacriulT [cj. r.j 
of tho cngiDeera, who was not oommiuionca 
until 1702. MackeUar remained as oluofen> 
gineer with Brigadier-general James Hurray 
(17:^0 17[>4) [q, v.], who took oommand ot 
lliH>rity,and iluriug thit nulunin and spring h« 
flt rengtliened tho fort ifiwitioaa. Tn April 1 1 00 
thw Frvnch, t.Bn tlioiisiind e Iron g, advanced on 
Queber. Miirray met, tlu^m at .Sillery, witli 
Mackellar inoommandof hUartilk'ry. Mut' 
ray was defeated and drivon baclf to Quebec, 
I and Mackcdiur wna daugeroujlv wounded, 
\ The Freoch besieged liuebec, oni Mackr liar, 
as soon as h>o was convolbscont, directed the 
defence until tho advance of th« Dritish fleet 
u]i the St. Lawrence caused the siege to be 
raised. Mnckellar took part in Ihu various 
r^rvici'n imd<Tljtk<*n this yrar tn complete the 
ronnuejjt of Canada, ending with the capture 
of Montreal. He then ncconijiiLiiied tho army 
to Tlalirax, Nova Simtift, which had beooma 
a large dep6t nnd arsennl. I In '24 Nov, 1700 
be wofi appointed chief engineer at HalMkCf 
and while at that d tat Lou he was indefittigable 
in iiutrucbing the troops in siego oporatiooa, 



J 



Mackellar 



wf 



Mackelvie 



ynth of Attack mm) defence, lie alao muda a ' 
BOmj of tlu place and tba militnrj poditl^im , 
in jla aeigbboiirhood, and net in hnncl vaHima 
^IITOcIb Io imprnv^ iia cnndi tion as a conunand- 
bgDKIKWt. Tunnrilo tliet'iiduf 17111 Mackellar 
MvaAappointMchiffi^n^iniserivith thcj^xpodi- ' 
Itiou midtr Gvatnil Robert MoDckloo q. v.], 
k^iivtitfrd ngzainst Martintqui; in the- Wi-!4t In- 
^^ies. Tbeexpedittoa s^M from IturbaJof 
oa :}4ltec. The first attempt to lunil luiled, 
pad it \n» uoifiiitil 10 Juu. 17Ci2 thai tliv ' 
lition dUemliarked at Point NV^),nfiiw I 
i from Fort RoTot, against whiclt a Ei(?};i« i 
cotuuicnc«d. AUekcllnr couvluctvd ibi; 
aoptT»tIitn!i.tiavin|run(ii-rIiimiiAmallt>rt- 
! of men who had Ix'oii iiutrucn^d at Uali- 
, and wrre HWtfil fnjin thi' vnrKiiw rwi- 
ita. After a trnulileflome eiegc, breaches 
■rem aMd« and th« place stonoetl on 4 Feb. 
I7ti^ This 8iioo&«« wa« nt onco followiil b^ 
I^Munoder of tbe whole island of .Marti- 
llqiMtkadofthoolherWind^vArdWcst Indian 
•lantu re«iaiiiiiii{ m pooaonioii of lite- l-'n.-uch. 
l^ aeries of tivo plans ahowisfr tbeoperationa, 
dnwD b^ 3iUvki.'llar. is iu thi' Drit i^b MuiM>um. 
On 3 Jan. irtilJ .Mackidlnr was nninKitM 
tJeuiMMif-colonel. and in ilay bu joined off 
, as cbivf t^n^iinar, tins force of tlie Earl 
of Albemarle, vhich was destinixl for on 
Attack on tbe navatimih. The force landml 
on 7 June, and after a ^bitrp encounter ^ith 
R large bodjr of ibf enemy, adraacud to (h« 
^AtffCS of Kl Muro, a strong fort whicii formed 
rOne nf tb* main defences of tbo biirbour, 
Tbvaieffo vaa conducted underevery pomible 
diiBcultT~no earth for ti«nehee,no roada lo 
liriug ii]> ^na, and no vator near. On htnd* 
in?. )Iack?llnr unproviBcd a amall ae1ect«d 
corpf for tntnchirork, and Ihuirservicea were 
inraluable. At thin siege every onf^inc^ring 
' device to circuntrent tbe garruon wad em- 
''fioyM, and t!)e subterranean galleries and 
'taines were marvels of ingenuity. OuSOJuly 
ft huge breach waa raada by tainea, and the 
fatl waa ihea cftrriud by atonn, after an 
mttackof fortT-fourdaTs. Tbi* wan foHnwud 
sbonly by Liiu cupituUtton of tbe whole 
taland, includtu^ the 8um:rtdi:>r of nine 
l-fipaniah aail of tne line whioh were in tJie 
, barbour of tb» Havannab. Msckellar's con- 
diicC of the Niegi^, and particularly in the 
redaction of HI Moro Castle, ^howod great 
tiuli and nmource, and joined him n high 
repntatioa. Ills Hliaro of prizo-moncy was 
1061/. 14*. Qd. Ilis Journal of tha t'm^ 
I me printed in iho ' London Oacette,' Sep- 
IciBwr 17^'2, and plans of tho operalionii 
both by M« nnd land, drawn br him, am in 
ihe British .Miuoum. AUfaongh greatly lyx- 
poeed during the aii-gti in directing tbe bat- 
teries tad mines, Iu seemed proof agiunst 



injury until near (be end, when be recntTed 
a daneoroua wound from a mufiki!t-baU from 
tbe Mom, and iu Sejilfnilitir wait M-nt to 
England. Surgical skill failed to extract 
thu btillel. isbi'd in tho»e pons treated^^^ 
tbmu an intruders, iind stirred up the ludiauS 
apiiinst tlK^m. After • lb« Bi^vurt'*! »lrufjpl» 
fvirlfnowii ill tliia piirl of tbt* world,' durin|r 
which one partner was murdered and sevenu 
wouiidi-d, llie inlrudrrsi vrvrv admiltwd tO a 
shfir« in rhu tmdi*inl7S7. 

Loral knowledcB and axtierit'nce, gained b^ 
seveml years' n;-idencc iit Port ChipiM-wayai 
a trad in^r ynfl vr'itli the Cbipjicwan, at the nee 
of Lake Atbabiisca, in ttie Hudson s Ua^ 
torritor\-, pointM Muckontin out to hh em* 
l)loyt're ft* it tit perBoa to explore the then 
unknown region of the north-west, suppoised 
to bo boundvd by thu Frozen Sua. IIo lift 
out from Fort Obippewayad with a stooll 
party of Cunadinn>i and Indians in birch- 
bwk canoi?* on 3 Juni' 17ftH. Thn voyai[»; 
fulil gfperilsand difficulties, surmounted With 
LndoQiituhle pluck, skill, and persercnmcw, 
occupied 102 di\,yg. A wer-k afl«r b^aving^ 
the party reached the lireat Slave Lak«, 
whicn they found co\-envl with inwcure ic«. 
iJktrtitiK the lakeon 29 June, ibey discovered 
the outlet of I be river, dowinK from the lakft 
to tho nurlli-wttKtwanJ. and siucu namod tbe 
Mni-kfriiio Kivwr. Tkis they descended to 
the point wherfi it entera the Arctic Sea, in 
lat. '19^ X., which tbny reachtHl on lit -luly. 
fii'ttiiiK lip npost with his nams and dato of 
visil, Miic'kEiaxio retractil bis stvps, arriving 
witli hi« jKirty at Fort Chipppwavan on 
VJ Sept. 1781'. After a period of bome- 
tradinff. during which be improvftd his know- 
Itidg* of sorvt'j-ing and nautical asirouomy, 
bo started acuin irom Fort Chippowavan on 
10 July 1702, with tho ol^ucl oi reaching the 
Poi!ific roii.*t, an enterprise never before at- 
tempted by any Europtian. Tho joumoy 
proved yet more pfrilons am! dillicult than 
the preceding. .\ft.er nine months of perBe- 
verJQp travel, Mackeniiic, ihi- first wliila man 
who crossed tlie Kocky (or Ohippwnyan) 
MountniDBr reached the Faciiic coast near 
Cape Meniiea, in lat. US* 21' N., and long-, 
128''12'W.Qn!cnwich,on22Jimei;98. Ho 
inscrilied on the face of a rock the date of hia 
visit. a not iLuncn^Mary precaution, asbn was 
nearly mtirdijrcd by tln> native* when atart- 
iiig on bis rutiim j<iumey the next dav. Ho 
arrived at Fort Cbipi>ewayaii uu '23 Aui;. 
17fi:t. Siibw^rpit'iitly he npjH-ara to have de- 
voted hiins^elf lotbuproiitablu pursuit of llio 
fur trade, and t» bnv« nniiiiuril cuiiyidi'rnblfr 
means. Ht> published in Kn|^Und in 1801 k 





Mack<inzie 



tss 



Mackenzie 



^VwratiTit of hu uxplontioiu in tbe oorth- 
C,siitill49d'VovagMOn till* Hirt-rHt. Iaw- 
' Mid throuffh the Continent of Nnrtii 
AsMnoa to the rrown tnd Fncific Oowms 
IB the TMm 1789 and ITOS. With a Pre- 
IttDtOBFT Account of the Rise, Profrress, and 
Pre*«it' Statf of the Fur Trailo of that 
Country,' LonOon, -Ito. 'Hie work, which 
eootaina some excellenl mftpfl, H&a dedicated 
^|o Georgu III. <)n 10 Fub. Id02 Mnckonziu 
iknigbtinL AitkoughretAtninaft partner- 

. ji in the North-wpfit OotnpKn^r, lie eet up a 

[Xivml fur cumpaay, under tuu etylv of ' oir 

Aleunder Mackt^nrif & Co.,' wbich in 1804 

WB> amalgamated with the older Norlh-wefit 

Conpanj. TJm* Utt^r (long aftvr Mnclcrn- 

|«ie*B death') wiui al'Horbed into tli<^ ori^nal 

l^adson's itay Company. JlacWiiiie appeara 

Ito hare afterwnrrla resided eomo timu in 

[Canada. He r«prt.vti-Dtvd Huutiiig^Ion County 

the provincial parliament, nnd ivas in- 

Uvd m litigation willi Lord ix-Ikiik, 

F'kn&ing out of that nohl>-nian*A unfortunate 

^■tt«inpt« at colonisation. In ltil2 be marrifd 

• ^li!uMu-kmsip,nndn]ipi-ar« to Imvif bought 

an estate at Avoch, KdAs-shin". When 

joDm«yin|i to EdinburRb with hi« wife nnd 

rounp children he ^tt taken Fiiddt'niy itl at 

Mnlnaio, n«>iar Uonkeld, and there died on 

U March Uao. 

A portrait vas painted by Lawrencu and 
engraved by Westermayer. 

^CbaiBb«n*a Eminent Sootamen, vol. iti. ; 

JtpptatoD'aCyd.oTAfnerieaalliog.; BIscluFiucie's 

" ' J ^ifit, fto. ; Xotee to Bryniner'a Beporta oa 

lOuadiaa Anhivea: BcaiaiaomeMofiboHon. 

: Hackmcie in 3IaMon's Lea Bou^aoii 

I U (.'oinp. de Nord-Ouest, I8B9, Ut aar. vol. i., 

I an vhteh irork. and in Entrycl. Americano, art. 

L* Far,' awl ia L:ppracolt*i»Gaii4tMr of UieWorld. 

Evnch oollatarsl lofonnatioo will t>e found, 

H. M. C. 

MACKENZIE, A1.EXANJ>EH (1832- 

^2), &nt liberal premier of the Canadian 

ttnioion, bomon 1^4 Jan. 18^^ at I<ogit>rait, 

Dunlield in IVrtliahin-. vat third sou 

iqf AlMJunder Mitrkeiisii* (d. IH^UI), a builder 

entntractor, by a daughter of Donald 

FUnnin;. AfUjr atd^ndingiichuoU ut Ptfrlb, 

ttoulin, and Dnnkeld hit waji itel at fourtit'ti 

kto Isara the trade of a stonemason. In iM'J 

I emiifratMl to Canada, nod ofl ll«id at KinR«> 

1, Ontario, wVtif' he worki.-il for n time as 

ijoumevmBn builder. In the followinj; year 

ilii!« bmthcT, Hop*- F. Mackcnrie. and about 

I imt* the FKit of the family, joiiit^l him. At 

the latter dato Alexander n^move^l to ^amia, 

and Kt up there aa a huildL-raud euiilnctor. 

Mai-keuit- from an earlv jM'tioiI ioter«it«d 

hinself in politics, iahenting strong whig 

tzadiLtona. In 1862 h« becanw oditor of tlie 



L. 



newly founded ' Laro1?t«n Shield' at Sar- 
nia, and .'•■lufilit, with thn aid of hiji brother 
lIopc,toi?dueAte thrrCfUiadiunsin liberalism. 
Tho Wttlier for Bome limn sal in the pn>- 
TJnrinl pnrlinment, but ht.'i health failed, and 
in lir^l Aiexauder took faJa place as member 
for Lnniliton. For thj:* oorwtit iioiicy ht- eat 
till the forwatiou of the IXuniuion. tic at 
once came to Ibe front in tlic a.<wembly; hia 
knowledge of history and natiatiu vena wide, 
Ilia memory almoat infallible, and ht>t habit 
of speech tccso and earcaslic. In 1805, on 
the rDsiguatJoa of (jvorgv lirowu, the libsral 
premier, he was olft-ri-d but deeliupJ a place 
til the coalition cabinet of the Canad:is, which 
wax coinmilteil to carry out tlie jxilicy of 
Canadian fedf^rntion. .\» a nrirate member 
he paid special attention to the act« relating 
to the UHHsment of proporty (.1H03 and 
iHiG), &&m«d the greater portion of the 
Municipal Corporation Act of 1 l?6'l for Upper 
Canada, uud promoted the act for providing 
means of e^ega &wm public buildinp. 

To the first Dujniuion lionise uf Cummona 
Mnckl•nzi^ waa uU-(-t<-d for Lamblon (.Vngiiat 
ItW). His friend George lirown lost hie 
«eat,whi'f*'iiiJOti Miickenxiv wimch<x*<Ti br thv 
liberal m>Tnbt*rft from Ontario to tilt his place, 
Biidsoou became t be tender of the wbr))eop>po> 
eition. In this capacity ho cotifini'd himacilf 
tu hi« parliamentary duti>-4. and look no pro- 
uiJUt'Ut part in outAictc afj'itBtion or party oi>- 
canisauon. In 1871 he ikju^ dueled inembur 
for Wi'>t Micldli-M-x in the Ontiimi jirovineial 
nMembly. and for a few inonlhB aal both in 
the provincial and the fu'leml Iioukw. Oo 
if) D.'c. isri Mr. Ivtward Hlakf formed a 
liberal ministry in the province, and Mao 
kcnrio joined him sa Sccn-t&ry and n-gisTrar, 
oft^rwacda becoming trcaaiin.-r as welL But 
on the paaaagtt of the act preventing any 
pcnoa uom Bitting at once ia the ft^eru 
and in any provincial houie, both Mackeniio 
and hia chief reagned (35 Oct. 1872). About 
the aame date hv had again be«n elected to 
repn^ent Lnmbton in the second parliament 
of ibe IVminran. 

Th<^ Pacific railway acandal gave Mae- 
keriKiH his oppi^rtunil v. The government 
met pFirlinmenl in l>*~^ with appBn>nlly iin- 
dimiiiifhod Mrcnfflh. On 27 Oct. Mackeniio 
mo«t^ an auieudmeut to the speech from the 
throne to the effirct that the conduct of Sir 
John Uacdunald'a nuniitry towards the Pa- 
cific railway clinrter had deprived it of the 
confidenoa of the country [see Uacpox&lo. 
Snt .ron:(], Thv debate waa continned for 
seven days, and before a vote wa.=i taken the 
ministry reeieneii. Maekeniie formed a new 
miniatr^(7 Nov.), becoming himaelf m'ini*tflr 
of pubho worka, A gcuetal clectiou at the 



Mackenzie 



»ss 



Mackenzie 



«nd of J&nuftry gftvc Mackomiii's eovpmment , 
am^orityofneorlvtbpijelooin.'. OniJOMarcli 
I87-i llie npw purliitracnt met. Th« nets Tv ' 
Istinj^Loi'leclionswuru tLmon^ito cliiirf mea- 
sure*. Ac.tn were nlso njuwcii jinniilinp for [ 
thecunelnictian nf ihoPniiific rnilwiLy unil 
tiw foiniili-tJoii wf tho inti'Tfolwiiuil ruiln-ay 
t« NoTft Scotia and New llrunswick, under 
the BUperintendence of the muiiBter of public 
works, Srackt>nj!ii- Imd wliilo in rtppiisitinn 
Bpokoi) afi^in&t the bill for che former rail- 
way, and tlinugh lie now ioyftUy iicci'ptcf) 
tint iiolicy, l)rlti»h Colniahiit vii-wt'd his con- 
trol of the eiiU'riirise wilU a Nuspicion which 
caused hifl poTcmment a g-ood deal of tin- 
wuslui-Mi. 'J his M-ns, liowi'VLT, ulluy.'d by the 
gov«mor-gt'ni?wl, I-ord Dufferiu, who visited 
the provincL" iu 1870. In IS76 Mat-kviul^'a 
minifitrv »dviM!(l an amneRly to tliowi cun- 
ismed in tht? imublt^g in the norlh-wfetcm 
ttfiriloriw in l8<H>-70 (which led lo the lU-il 
Hiver espedition); tonk important wt^'pe 
towards connohdating those ti'rritnrie«, and 
estAblisIicd a supremo court of tho Domiiiinn. 
La.tt'r iu ihu yoar Man-koiute rtvi»it«d Scot- 
land ; he was pii^sented with the freedom of 
Irvin«, DundtL', and I'L-rlh, iiud waa lmiUt- 
tnini'd hv thi! ijneeri nl. Winiisor, hut he de- 
rlined tlio honour of knighthDcid. During 
the ituwions nf ISTfi o-ntl 1877 "rvi-nii itii-a- 
sUTfM of a liWrnl chanicter onil jhtrninnput 
utility be(.-nmu law, and public works, in- 
cluding^ RMtions of ifie I'ftcilic mllway, witp 
Tlgoroualy proi^ecuti^d. The premier was also 
•UMSMfui ill ohtiiitiinR from the homcf(Ovi.-m- 
ment piiruiLcision for Cunadti lo nouiinate a 
doleiTiite to the Inlernationnl Fishery Com - 
miaHiou, which muc at Halifax on !>' June 
1R77. DfpreMtiun of trwle, hownvt-r, bred 
difBcultifa. Durine the seMion of 1S7S tho 
povprnnn-nt suwcssfnliy rvpi'llttl tlie vipinms 
nttnckii of Pir John Mncdonnld, who pivswd 
for' aiudicioiiereadjuelniGut nf tho tariff 'on 
behalf of'thti affriculturttl, tbi- mining, Ihfl 
manufacturinjf.iiiid othpr intiresls.* But at 
the general elcclLon,on 17 8t>pt. IH78, the 
consL'i'val ivL- ptirty vtexv Hfonorully victorious, 
ami Muoki'iiiiB renigned, Hia live years' 
ministry, whirh waH practically L-ontvm- 
poranooufl with Lord r'uiFvriuV touure of 
SOTerniDcnt rit 1)1 tiiwa, ii) said to havt been 
*lho purest iidmiMiHtrntiou which C'nntidiihai 
*Xp('ripin"cd.' 

Purinjr lS"n Mackfnxio led the oppnaition, 
»nd c!inlten(ri*d unequiropally tfip prntiTtivfl 
policy of liii* opponi-ntw, wbirh ho regarded 
at jeopnrdiHiitg the connection with Enjthind, 
In April he bad a nti^ht attack of paralysio, 
aod later in tho y<'ar removed his residence 
to Toronto. In IBW h« resigned thelcudor- 
sliip uf hie party, but rcmuinod in puliamenC 



oi ft priv&to member. In 1881 ho mado ft 
second journer to Scotland, and wb« pre- 
sented with the freedom of Inverness. In 
JuIylS82 he waa electwd for East York, which 
he rc]iri"iii.'iit<-d till iiiiidenth. Di-npit* fHiling 
health, he look an active part in tiie Ftirring 
di'batys on the Jesuit eBtiites in 181^3. lift 
died nn 1" .^pril lKtl*2 ft( St, .\lbans Stneot 
Toronto. The funeral senice was conduct 
in the Jarvis St reet Bapl i#t Cli iirch, Toronto,^ 
and ho was biirii'd in J.ake View cemetery, 
near Samin, hU old home, The Dominioa 
HousG of Commontf und t ho Mitmlobn k„ 
Uturt'ftdjiinruL'd uvtr i he date of tl«j funeraL^ 

Mtickenxie in appearance was & typical 
hard-headed, iuiduhM.'lu8!^ :Scot»uian. 1I« 
udlterr^d (hroiip^h tifi- to Ioh poIitil^al prin* 
ciplee with unninching integrity, snd t.«r- 
neally upheld tlieconneclion Itetwiu'u I'anada 
and thd old country (upa Canadian Parlia- 
mentary Compam'tm, lisyi), Altho«Kh di- 
rector of the North Amiirican Awnrance 
Conipuny, and of oilier companies he dii^ 
poor, lie belonged to the baptist connexinn. 
In eurlierduyitlnj WU8 uu eutmii^iftftic volun- 
teer, and fi. mnjnriii tUi- 27th (La.nibton> bat- 
talion of volutiteiT iiifutitry till OctoWr IfyTi. 

He publijilii'i] in ISRU a wcU-writtfiii bio- 
graphy nf his friend and leader, QeorgoBnjwn, 

lie ninrried twice: tirct. Ileli-n, dnnghttr 
of ^ViUifim Nfil of Tn-ine, Scollimil, who 
died in Januarv IWtJ ; eecondlly, on 17 .lone 
1853, Jane, eldest daughter of llobtirt 8ym 
of Perth, liy his first wife he had an only 
daughter, who married John ThomsOD, pn*- 
byteriau miuiittc-r at Suniis. 

^MontrcAl Hc-rnld and other Caandion pnpon 
of 18 und 19 April 1892; Cyclop, of CftUMdian 
Biflgmpliy, 1R92; Willirow'i* Ilwt. of Cnonda, 
chap. xlix. : 7^mlnii:in Annual Bcff- 187S-6ft,ft.T. 
' AliiekfJiatd ; ■ .Stfitrart'M Cftnada undn- the Ad- 
ministriitinn of I^rd Duflnrin.] C. A. II. 

MACKENZIE, CHAHLKS IKKHE- 
ItlC'K C I W.V-l*'62),hiBho]p of Central Africa, 
born at I*ortmore on 10 April 182''>, wbk 
youngest, pliild of Colin Mnrkeniieof Port- 
more, I'eeble&sbire, a clerk of Besaion, and 
one of Scott's friends und colh* piled. His 
mother wasftdaufrhter of Sir William Forbes 
\a. v.] of l'it#li|.'o. William Forbes Mackenzie 
(q. vf] wa« his brother. After his falher'g 
dealb in 1^.^(> he wu» brought tip by his 
eldest nialer, lUimbelh, going tirst to a pri- 
vale eehoul and then to ibe Edinburgh Acft> 
demy, until in IR40 lie was neiit to the 
Oniuge school, near Sunderland, where ho 
lahowi-d hini»i-lf ]iiiii>*riuTd of a Inlent for ma> 
ihematicH. He went into residencp an a pen- 
nioner of St. John's College. Camhridge, in 
October 1M4, hnt, tiuding that ho would a« 
a Scotsman be diaqualilied for a fellowship 





ibere, minuted the next Easter to Cuius 
College. UJe read diligently, showing gnat 
spcitude for »atl)eit»tic», and oo turn for 
BUT other iDtellectuftl pursuit, and in Janu- 
mir 1848 vfw pIiiM-d M<L-<ind wnuifflor in tlie 
matlKmaticml iriiKM, luac Todhuatt^r [<]. v.] 
beinir senior. He gnduaied B.A., proceiid- 
inz M..\. in 1861, wu clcclwl follow of biA 
college, And biwame a tntor there. Tall, well 
made, and with much muscul&r powvr of 
•edtmneo, hf dslighted in nllilr-lic eiiprriw, 
was as oarsinaQ and cricketer, rowed and 
plajed mcki't with ttie uudersTtidiisttr^ of 
the rollcgo after h'n elt^ion a-^ fellow, and 
niii«d a Deneficial inf1uvDc« over i liem. In 
ally 1848 he vkt appointed one of the secpf- 
tarit* to the Camhrid^'u bourd of vdiicalioa, 
ftnd held that of&ce until tti^'ko. He was 
oiOatned deacon on Trinity Sunday 18o], 
sad in th<> fiillawins Octobrr nccepled the cu- 
iMf of Haalingfiela. Cambrid^Genire, which 
h* aaTTxd without discontinuing his cot1i-;;i! 
■roric Tn 1KC2 ito ira.o nn osaniiner for taa- 
tiismatical honours, and was moderator in 
]853-4, iMuing in 1864 with Mr. ^V'AUoll 
'Cainbridge Senat«-l>ouse I'rolilems and 
Aiders with Solutions.' 

Although aiixiuus lu >>ueoaio a misMooary, 
lie Yielded to tlte advice of his frit^nds, and 
in 1663 TcfuBvd aa invitation to ioiu the 
Delhi miHion, hul in DrKri-inWr 1854 ac- 
eepted the offrr of John William TolcnHo 
[q. T.], bishop of Nalal, to tok« him to Xntnl 
as his AKbdiMcon. .^cmmpanied by one of 
Ilia BUt«r«, he embarked with tbo bishop on 
7 March 1856. For about n year and u. halt' 
h» Kted as parish priiitst to ih^^ Ku^Uab 
«eltlen at Durban, meeting with strong 
-oppoaition frmn his congrDgation, who dis- 
a^proviit of hio 1IH- of the surplice in preach- 
taf, and mate other changes made in accoril- 
aom with thc> Whop's wmh. An o|ipcwttion 
aerme waa etarted, and waa conducted by 
« layman. Another sistt^r joined him in 
1667, aad after talcing »omc part in the 
I'mlajii mission, he was established at aposl 
oo the L'uthlalirirer about fortymiIcA north 
-of Durbaa, wbera be worked hard mint^tcr- 
tos to tb« acattsred Engliah tctllers, the 
-aoUieraqaartercd intha neighbourhood, orer 
wboBH be gauifxl much iufluenco, nitd the 
KaSn, He was appoialed salaried clmplain 
M the troops in 18-»8. In th« cburch cun- 
fnmce held al Maritjtburg in April ho advo- 
rattMl the right of tho native congntgntiona 
to aa equal TD>r« with lhr> while conffregft- 
tioo9 in the protHwed church Rvnod, and being 
defeated tcttrea from the confeTence. Aftvr 
I aaerera attack of illnras he returned to Eng- 
I land in the summer of 1800, InNowmberbe 
I accepted tfae inv i tat ion of the delegatcn of the 



new Univereities'Missioa toCentral Africa to 
talie the headship of their mission ; and th« 
upper houw of convocation liATtng in Jtinn 
If^X) exprvsscd its approval of the schemia 
for the Appointment uf mlstiionarT bi^hopii, 
I and ils desire that Mackeurie slioiiUI tw ur- 
I dainvd l>i»hop by the Bishop of Capo Town 
aiid his comprovincialn, lie wtili.il frnni Eng- 
land a Oct.. arriving nt the f-'ap ll' Nor., 
and wHBcririH'CTatiKl bishop of Cent ml Africa 
in the cathedral of t'ape Town on I Jun. 1861. 
After a visit toXalul heuiet David Lining* 
Mone [q, v/j at Koneoue, und was persuadni 
by him ro ascend ilio Itoviimft, in order to 
reach the Shire district (LiviXoatoNR, -Va^ 
mtive of an Krpfdition tn tAf ZumtieAi', p. 
yiH). The ati-juipt fniled, and ho iinally 
AMended the Shire river, and after ronrehing 
wilhLivingBluuet whufurcL-d i^ume slave mer- 
chiints to libfnilt^ their !«lav.-:«, .-ottliil at. Mn- 
gumero, in the Munganja country, with the 
lilM-ratnd iM>opl>', whom li« he^'nn to t»«ch 
and train in linhitfi of nrtler and discipline, 
Althuii);li he disliked the idea of making 
good liis po'tition by Tiolence. he was per- 
suaded by the friendly Mangania tribts to 
help them against the Ajawa, bcLicving that 
the MongauJA wen.' tluiply ditlrt^rM-d by a 
mid of ine Ajawa, who were carrying off 
lurge numbers as slaves, whereas th« war was 
in rcHlily the rejtult of a tribal mov<*tnent, nnd 
the Ajawa were engaged in dij^placing their 
wfiiker nett^hlnurs (li. pp. yBO-S ; GdOirn m, 
.Veuu-fV of liUhi.p ,l/rt.-AewK>,pp. 35t)-5, 3.38). 
A Aer binding iLe Mangania not to ennlave 
any captive-* they mipht make. and todi«eou- 
rage &ilavL>ry, Mackcntie and hi:* party joined 
in tbe war. Their ht>lp eiiabl<rd tueir alliek to 
win A vietorv', which raised the number of 
blacks at the minion (wltlement to IW. Fn?- 
qimnt appeals wtre mnde to Mackenzie by 
llif Mniigntija fcjr further help, and Im again 
enabled them to rmit tln-ir enemies, and 
gained fn.-^ additions to his settlement. In 
October flonie new missinnAries from Eng- 
land arrived, and Mackenzie bad an inters' i&w 
with Livingstone, who waspawiiig down the 
Shire, al a placccalk-d ChihisaV. Ilm bishop 
WAS then in good health, and ' thought that 
the future promised fair for peace and use- 
fulness' (Livis&sTOXE, It'arrativr, p. 400). 
Mackenxie wa.i gTi?4it I V concerned at an at tuck 
mado npi>n three of bis parly by some natives 
belonging tn Miinnn«nmli«'» jieMiple, wlm car- 
ried ofT two men and snmo spuil in IVc-in* 
her. He engaged the help of the Makololo 
p.'oph', and set oiit; on the S^iid to punish 
the aggressors, burnt a village belonging to 
Muanasomha,BndrecOTeredthemia«ng men. 
Ue then hud to hasten lo an Island called 
Malo, at the confluence of the Ruo and tha 



tilackenzie 



»S8 



Mackenzie 



Shire, where Livingstoiie had armngwl to 
meet him wifh #trtr.-» CWl 1 Jkd. 186S. On 
tJivir wny he tiud hiscoai|}anioD, anorduiavJ 
miMionary, lout their iiiftliciiie^ l>y the lip- 
Wltiuz of a boat, urid MuckL'tuio, always 
impriiuaiit aa to healih, puahed oa without 
Hum. He arrived at Malo loo Utu to meet 
Liviiig;Ktane, and diwi iherp of a fever on 
SI Jan. In January 1863 Liringstonfl Tinted 
MockeitiiQ's gnvfi luid eracted « ctom orer 
it. A rund rtiiwod in M!ae1t«n»e'a memory 
was a|)|j]ied to the eatahliskmeat in L870 of 
thi> xeo oCZtiliilnQd. 

Mtick.-nii..! was nt-arly six foot in height, 
wirhnpW*ant fipri-'asiija, mtlnerBmall eres, 
and a I'oivbr^iul which, iLnMirally largo, ap- 
peareil hirjj-cT owint' to early biildiie«s. In 
manner he wajs winuing amt Rontk*. unaelRsh, 
full uf vi(^ur, and uf u uumly {.'ul of luiud, 
biif his hn.l>if iiiil i-iLn'li'-Mm-i>ii tu* til ihedutigiiTs 
of clitnattt. Lis deairo U) jilacR hlark and while 
Christiuniitiiinii t>r]U]ilityin mattprsofohiirch 
government, nnd hi.^ pnrliripation in a tribal 
wnr provp hiiu to have been iiBpiilaife nml 
Ificlctng inj\id^cnt. Tho dilUciiltit^ of his 
pnailioa woru ifreai, and Ids rwaort. to force 
may be oscusod, but ciluiiot. he admired. } Tis 
portrait, puiiitvd by Kiuhia^iud, frum pliotu- 
graphs, is «f I 'niiis ('fillTKe, (Cambridge, and is 
enifraved in IJiwhop (ioudwia's ' Memoir.' lie 
ttditinl mm<j small bo'iks by lii* aiitiir Alict-, 

[IHi-hoji Ilnrvoy (ioodwin'o Memoir of ilishop 
Miu'luinxio, inA »lil:. (Ciimhr. 1365); Lii-in^- 
Btune'it Sarnitiregf nn Exptnliiioii lu the 7Mta- 
bffli, pp. 848-(H. ^WI. 1)0-]2; .'Vwdry* Elder 
Slater, A flk«t:?]i of Alii'e Mai^knnrlu; Tiim-s, 
27 Juuu J8S2 - OuKrdiuu, 2 July 1802.] W. E. 

MACKENZIE, COLIX (1753N1831), 
colonel in ttiu Madras bngiiiL-ur4, Indian 
antiquary aiiJ toiioffraiiher, bom abcuit liM 
in tfiu Inland ol Lewis, Scotland, waa in 
youth employ I'd by Francis, Gflh lurdNapitr 
of Merchifitnun (d. 177;i), to coHi-rt. informa- 
tiou ruopfctinji the umo of logarithms among 
th.> Hindus, for a contoniplnttd. but never 
completed, memoir of thai jiobleman'B An- 
cestor, John Niipior of Merchiatoun. In 
17*^1 ftpmuuh MaeliLmnii?, last i?arl of S<?a- 
forth, procured for 31«<rfcewi(j (tbeu Iwuiity- 
oiRht ycaraof ago)a Madras cadet ship. Mac- 
ktfti/iv Undudiii India iu KH^iandunlOMuy 
178;i was JippoiiittJ a wonnd linitt-niint in 
thu Madras cugiacerH. His subHoquent com- 
tni.H.iit.n.t w<^r" : fiMl. Iip|it«n3ut,({ March 1789; 
captain, 16 Aug. 1793; major, 1 Jon, 1800 ; 
hntvf I, liiiiil'i'annt-colonel ( king's rank, loctil), 
a.! Oct, IftOO ; ro^iinrntol lieutenant- colonel, 
io Xnv. ISIO; colonel, 12 Aug. 1819. 

MackcnziL' arrivi^l in India with letters of 
rocummtiiidatiou to Lord Macartuey.theQ go- 



vernor of Madras, and to Samuel Johnston of 
Camsolloch, Ihimfnes-shirc, then in thccivilt 
iti5rvic« at Madura, and &ther oi' Sir .\U;x-« 
andf)rJohngton[q.T.] Jobnatan luid marriel 
Iloster Napier (,d. 1810), ono of iho fiftlL 
l*onl Napier's dau^btt.>n, and hf and htn wif* 
iavitvd Muckvnziir w Madura. At that an- 
cient seat of Hindu I>^nniin(f }iv fiivC mada 
pcraonal ocquaintanco u-ith native acholon^ 
and conceived llinidi'ii of forminf; collections 
Uluatrattva of Inditin hJAtAry and antiquities. 
Al. til.' conc'tusioQ of the war of 1783 b» 
was pmployod in t bo provinces of Ooimbatortf 
and IHndighul. Aft«rwitrd» ht was engaged 
on <ni^inL<«nngduti«a in Madras, Nellore,aa^ 
Ountoor. He ncrvod through tbe war of 
1790-2 ogainat Tippoo Sahib, and, after tlio 

fwice of SeringapatAra, was sent by I^nrd 
'ornwnlti« to iu^ustiuulo tho geography of 
t bo territory just cedL-dbyllii^nixam.an^aa 
I bun almost unknown, and of the boundu'les 
of tho nativfi alutisi. Ufficial jealousies and 
putty opjjoaition increamdtliP natiiraldiffieul'- 
t ii-Aiii ihinvriirki Itay. AMiat.8oc.Joum.Vo\,i.) 
He was at the siege of Pondichcny in 1793, 
anil wascommandiog-engiiievr at Ibv rvduc 
lion of Ceylon in 17t)6, (>n his return from 
Oeylon he sent in hi> flrat map of the Dcccan 
(now British Muaeiim Addil. M.S. ofilOSI. 
lie raadutbe ciimpaiiru a^joinst Tippoo Sahib 
in 1701), and ofter the full of tifringapitam 
waa ordurod to make a survey of th.' Myiwra 
territory. He iTit^nsurud (Ire hsw-linefi, each 
thnjfl to five mili-a long, in dWtrcnt parU of 
t.h«-couiitn,-,nnd connected them by inn nglca. 
His Bystnni of trianin'lui ion wua untireivdia- 
tinct from that of Lamhton ^k'o Lamrtov, 
WiM.tAM], and tlio two are aaid not to hare 
worked at all harmoniously. Mockenxin was 
oinptoyijd on this duty until ISOfi, th.t r»9ult 
being a survtjy of forty thousand si^iiare mile* 
of eoiintrj", a st-rii-n trt tnnps. both general 
and provincial, and .wypn Tolumi^^ii of me- 
moirii Hiiihiidving mucli statistical and other 
infomiiition. After much search four of these 
volumoH were restored to the India ofCcc long 
afrcrworda, hiil. tlm-e wore still missing when 
the second edition of .Markliom 'a 'Indian Su> 
vcv«' wft« published in IS78. 

'MackcnsLO wna in 1HU7 appointed sur- 
veyor-general of Madrai-, and while in that 
capacity HUggeMed thn Mtidnu* ?kli]ilary lu- 
Klitution, which trained many valuable eur- 
voy oflicers. In KiibmiLry 1810 (ho court of 
diructora voU>d bim a t^um of nino tbouRand 

SHiigndas (fi,li()0;,) in reeognitioo of bis pro- 
Lssional and flC-ifintific hihoiirs. In li^li ho 
commnodod the engineer* at the nivJuctioD 
of Java (gold medal), and remained in that 
island as comnmndiug-oiigiauiT until Marell 
161& When the enter of the Be.th was ax> 



I 




J 



WDdcd to the Ka«t Indin OompKnr's olEcvn, 
in Joae 181S, Mackvuzi^wss mnut'Clt. ilc 
zainoied liia fiiin,-t:yA and explonUons on Iiis 
ml III II to lodi*, vuHling Q\erj place of in* 
tenat butween Kistru und Cafi« Comorin, 
■tteaded far ■ BtulF of iiaiivu D»sistaut9, col- 
leCtii]f[BDaeo[iyin|[iiiieit.'ni records. In 1^19 
fajB WW tnade eanri-'yor-^nitral of Lidia, aa<l 
nnoved witli hi:> nnttvo NiMu*tantd to Col- 
enr.la. The Adruitaffea likely to accnt'j to 
teicnul biiitocy ukI Titeratiim if MncloMtxw 
ecald b» Allowed leave to Koropr! to arrangt! 
bb ooUeetioos were Kroagly [ircseud upun 
tbe floort of direclors bj Sir Alexandor Johii- 
■toQ, but before tliLs could he amng^'d >lno- 
kecxiv dii-d nl bis residence nesr Calcutta 
OQ M May IH*>I. aged 6& 

Uis collections were puzchascd from bit 
«^uli>w by FrSncU Ilawooa JJastin^s [q. t.J, 
mui^uia of ILutiogs, then govemor-gviivral, 
tor • ■am of 10,<XXU. Thcv »tv mIiI to have 
cant 3dMkeii«e ]J^,000/. tils own calalo^L>, 
» ■cholarly, P»inel»king work, vena edited 
Vy Honce WilMn, (ecMlary to tbi> ^Veiiitic 
Society ot Ihnifnl, anil published in IS--2S. 
A aecoDd and enlnr^od edition, with biogra- 
pUcal oottco of Hackeur-ie, wm publiabvd ilC 
Madwi in 1882. Hoat at Maekeune's S&nft- 
1ait,Arabic, PerEtuu, Javftueee, and Burman 
books, hi* eoiiiK, iinn([i«, &c., wen' firat home 
Id thn« bartche* in l^-JS and lA^.^and.witlt 
some hMUtiful Epecimeos of car«-i<d stonv 
warii fonrarded bv bim in bii* lifftime, ar>^ 
DOW in the lodiaMuseum at South K*.'ii6i]ig- 
COa. AllhiAmanuiKnptsn^latitif^t<»soiitbvm 
India, aadhii* collection of tii#cn[]tiou±t.were 
lodscd in lH!:iB in tbe library ot" Iht Madras 
Collegi!. There llicy rvmuinL-d in ' ii L-uiil*u»od 
mod utli-rly ui>flr»H t<t«it-' uiilil iHW, when 
clw HadnsLiiarary Society EUfcgeeted that nn 
ftttempt ahonld be madv to extract informA* 
tinn from cbem, which appeara to ham been 
dnnT^d for bck of funds. In l!*{i6 the lUv. 
liVilltftu Taylor, the orientalijit, n-porlod on 
Uicm in a catalogue of 570 ^>age«. They are 
now in che Ooveroment Onental &LSS. Li- 
hcary of the Prfaidency Collu^ Madraa. 

Ill Ihilrvmple'n • Oriwilal Reiiosilory' are 
papers by Mackenzie on route* in Xellore and 
on the Bourcfl of tbe Fenn&r. Tlie ' Oriental 
AnnuaJ lt<-ffiwter,' 18U4, <;iint«in» hU 'Life 
of Uyder .Vti' and 'Histories of the Bija- 
jaoagarand L'nacanda Rajahs.' In 'Aninlii.' 
HMeoichn/ tdI. ix., hr> ^ve an account of 
hi* discovery of the reli^oo and monumenta 
of the Jains. He aluopuhiiebed some paper* 
in a Data vian journal during hi.t slay in Jara. 
Tn the British Museum are ' ObMtrt'ations on 
tln' Siirrev of ihv Nixam's Dominion^,* ITt"? 
(Addit. ilS. 13581'); 'Journal of a March 
fem Uyderahad to Stttingnpatsni in 1796-0 ' 



(ii. 13063): -Reponx, U'ttem, &«., Myaom 
Survey,' 1800-*l(iA. 13800, USSO, ff. :«J, 2»Jl 
* Drnwinga of Buildings and fleulpturea in 
Hiudusinn, 1799-1^16 ' (t». S&S&i). 

[East Inrfin lU giitrrs ; Roy. AsUtic Soc of 
Laiiduii Jimrnnl, i. 333-iS3 ; DvMTiplire CuU of 
MHckeiicid Cull ection^, with Life. 2nd «d. Miulrns, 
ISSi; Mcelndinhulinowii: UlcmontMarkhitEQ'a 
Indian Surroyit, 2nd nd. Lundon, 1879, ]>[>. 'Z~4 ; 
Vibatt'sHist. of thu Uadru Sappsraiuid IUinflr»» 
London. lS62.ii. 107-13; Brit. Mas. Ulalogau; 
Genu M.1K. IS21, pL ii. p. 378-1 U- M. C. 

MACKENZIE, HUGAL (d. L'rfig p), 
Scottieh author, wait «on of Duf^l MaclveRUd 
of Kishom in&tural ttou ofJolui Maeki'uzif. 
ninth baron of KintailJ. Dugal waa educated 
at ihefrclioal of ChiuiuiiT)' oud the luiiver- 
aities of .\berdeen (where heernduiiU'd M.A.) 
uud pBri& Oil bis return to Scotland, accord- 
ing tit UtKirgeMnckeiuio (1069-17^5) [q, v.], 
he was installed a regent m tbe university of 
Aberdeen, * with the unanimous applati«e of 
the wboleD)aat«rsofibe Univcrsiiy.' Of thia 
appointment there ia no mention in ilie re> 
cords of the univprairy, which, however, are 
v«ry iniptTft-ct fur the sixteenth century. 

Uemptter, who styles him * DatUl Mnky- 
nius . . . vir ma^n et recondite cruditionis> 
lueinoria ftuiiu iii pnuci* rnra,' giTrH hix date 
of death as 'anno hulxcviii,' a possiUo 
miEprint for hdxicvui. llie ye«r 16^ i» 
friven by George Mockenrii.', and a)i;re«8 belter 
with his parentage. According to Denipytvr 
lit- wrote ' Carmina varia ' and ' bpignunmala 
viraquu lingua.* Tanner states tliat be pub- 
liflbfd at Paris in 1678 'la SibyllinaOracuU,' 
extracts fium cUsiutml and patristic litersr 
tun?, Bvo. 

[Dempster's De Scrtptoribus Scotia, np. 498. 
Via ; Geurgt! Mackenzie's Writrni uf the Scuta 
Naiioii, ii. 474-811; Tanner's Bibl. Brii. s. r. 
'Slakyniiu:' Alexander Mackcniid's lli^tciy of 
Iho Cldu Mu<-k«ntie, p, 1)6.] P. J. A. 

MACKENZIE, ENE.\S (177K-1832)» 
topographer, was bom in 1778 in .\befdwn- 
abiri', wlience hi« parents removed lo New- 
caslle-upon-TvDi! when he was only three 
years ola. A^er working with bis father a* 
a shoemaker, he br-camv a Ixiptist minister^ 
andsubaequentlv made au unsuece&aful at- 
tempt to establish himifelf in buainuas as & 
broker at 8und<-rlnnd. Kirtumin^ to New- 
eaiit le he opeiiiMl a ^bool, which bo abftndoiud 
for!ii<i firiui ocrupntion asaprinterandpuW 
liflher. He waji chiefly in.itnimpntnl in found- 
ine the Mecbanies' Iimtituf ion in N*^wrafttle, 
where his btist is prescT%-cd. He was a litxrml 
ill politics, and one of the secretaries of the 
Xorthem Political Union. Ue died at Xew- 

cuiiu on 21 Fvih leas. 



i 



ilia works are: i. ' An llisloriciil, Tupo- 
gri»phicfll,nn<! I loecriptivf View of till) linked 
^tatu^ of Aiultlcu, und of Upper and Lower 
Ctinnda,'NewcaBile-i]|>oii-TynL', lsai(?),Nvo. 
;!. 'An Ilisturioul. Ti'pdgTupliicnl, and De- 
Rcriptivc Vi«w of iliH C'oimtv of Nortlium- 
Id-rland, anJ of tlififld parts of ihu Counry of 
jUiirlinin north of tlm Hivcr Tynf, witbller- 
wirk-npoii-Tw.^wl, nnd brief r^olicea of ci>]«- 
j}riil«<] nliiof'^ on the Scottiisli HoriU'r,' 'Jiiil 
t^dit. enlnrKi'd, 2 vol*. Nttwcftfrtlc-upon-Tynp, 
18^5, 4 to. 3. ' A I'eseriptiveamlili^torical 
Account of the Town and Crtiiuty of New- 
ca-^lle-Tipon-Tynr, incln^injT tlifl Horouch of 
Untesliead,' 2 toU. Newciiafle-iipon-Tvne, 
1827, 4to. 4. 'An lIistoricQl,Topogrniihioftl, 
and JVfcriptivo Vii;iv ol" llit," Counly i*ala- 
tino of iJiirliiiin/ 2 vols. Nrwcastli'-iipon- 
TyiiL', IH^i. -Ito. Tliia work, left itiilini^bt^l 
fit .Mackftuxir'n d>mt!i, was cinnpli'led by .M. 
jRoes, Ilia portrait baa Uevu en^rravtid. 

[it ii-hftpii son's T;iljle-T{ook. historical ijinnion, 
jv. 112: Andereou's Bo:/k «( Englisli Ti)p<»- 
j;mr>'J-] T. C. 

' MACKENZIE, FllEnuUICK (1788?- 
I^W),Wfttcr-C'>]oiirpriintfrandnr('hitPctnnil 
drmnjtu^iuun, U^rn in ITli'" or 178tJ, was tlio 
M>n of Thonifts .Maekfjizii', linendraper, and 
n pupil of John .\ilvy lU'ptou tliu urcbitvct. 
Ilf wm i<iirlv '(■itiplfivHl ill milking nrcliila^c- 
ttiral and fopoerapliical drnwinpi for the 
worltB of.ToIiiL I)rit1on[q. v.]rind oIImtk, and 
JuH life was mainly di-voted to tliis tIiiph of 
art. In IMOI lie beRan to e.\hibU at thi' Itoyal 
"Ac*demy, nnd contribiilcd eleven drawings 
between llial year and 1H28. lie contributed 
trt the (now lioyal) Society of Painters in 
Wfiteivcolour» from IKl-S, iMitoming nn a-tw^- 
ciiit«inlHl'2,aiiilft full riierulKTlhefiiUowiiig 
year. From 30 Nov. 1831 rill tiin death Iw 
"ViOM tri;>iif nriT to tlw focifrty, iind took yreat 
intprwflt in ita procepdinffs. In \Si2 ho do- 
ei^vd the stab which ^vqs plaLwd over tbti 
xro-^e fif Oi-orffc Harret tbc ynnnjp^r [q. v.] 
^& married in IHl^ Mrc. Iline, a widow, the 
.daughter of .Mr. John Ciirp<.'nt^.'r. 8 farintr; 
but liis niarriwl lift; wa* troubled with p^'cu- 
iiinry diliiculiies. Tboiijih dtill ablw and in- 
.dusirious, pmploympnt failed. Thy photo- 
grapher had Htipplaiilcd tht.- arcUitwtiiral 
drau^'ht^man, ami bia beautiful art was no 
lonu*->r iLL'fdL'd to iUtistrute the buoktt iapun 
w!ii(-b hi' hiid Ihroughoul life depended for 
a livinc. 

Marlifnni" drew rery litlln oseppt art'Iii- 
t^ftuns hut he drew tbi^ beautifully, waii a 
Ticb coloiiri^t, and n^i^d his brush with sin- 
gular ftccurncy and delimcy. Of the iiiglity- 
<igbt drawiiiK^ which formed thf num total 
olbia contributions to the exhibitions of the 



Water-colour Society during hisuieiulKtmhipt 
nearly all were Fnfjiisb in Auhject. In ]S\t! 
he published ' £«!bitiga of J.antl»capM for the 
Use of Students,' in 1844 ' Architcctiinil 
Amiquitics of St. Stephen's Cbspel, Weat- 
minfiiter,' and in IHJtt ' Obwvrvations <in th* 
Construction of tbfl Knof of King's Coll^ 
Chaijul. CimihridKK,' Hut the bulk of bu 
worK will be found in the following hooks: 
Britton's ' Beauties of England and Wales ; ' 
■ Architectural Antiquities nf Hn-at Hrilain' 
(18U7and ISLH) — twenty-live drawings fiii- 
praved) ; ' IIi*tory of tile Abb«y Church at 
AVi;*tniin8fer'(Ackermjin,t8l2— thirty-t-wo 
cfdiiured aoualints); Itriltou's ' CathL-drol 
Antif^uities' (,Saiiahury Cathedral — Bfly- 
eiKhl p!ni>:t) ; Hiivi^U'h ' Noblemou'e and 
(Icnljemen's Seat*' idrawincr* datwl 18Ht 
uod 1^19); ' Ilii-tories of Oxford and Cam- 
bridge' {AeJi«rinnn, j!Sl4nnd IKl.'.— thirty- 
iiino plaCea^ ; ' Colleges of Winchf sl<'r, Klon, 
&f..' 1KI6 {thirteen idntes); 'Abbeys and 
CnptlcB in S'nrkshire (in ■conjiiBCtioti with 
William Weatall); Pugin's • Specimen i of 
Ootliic ArtrhitectHre,' 1821 : ' I'riticipal An- 
tiquitiesof Oslord«hirv,'Oifurd, 182.i; •3U'- 
moriala of (Ixfont,' by James luirmin, 1837 
(one hiiiidrtii phiteK); Heath's' Picturt-iiquB 
Annual,' I8;fl) (^i-i idiiti-i''); ' McmnmU of 
Canihridgff,' by Wright and Jones, l^-ll: 
'The (Jbii relies of Umdon,' published by "Hit 
(drawings dati-d 1837-9), 

Among his more interesting drawings 
wi>ri' 'Th<^ King'n Coronation' (lt*22) and 
'The I'rincipiil Koom of thi; Original Na- 
tional Gallt-ry, formerly the jtesideiicn of 
John .lulius Angenitein, Y.»i., latelr pulled 
down,' The luttur wan «?'>nLrihnteil l<i th« 
soeirty'tf fxhihition in IS^'ft, and is now in 
theKouth Keiixinfjlon MtiKfiiitnitugelhrrwilb 
two drawings of Lincoln Cathrtiral and onn 
of Thnniton .\blK>y, Lincolnshire. A beau- 
tiful sepia drawing of .\ntwcrp Cathedra! U 
in the Jiritish Museum. 

Ho died. 2'» April l.S>4, of di«fase of the 
heart, leaving hi& wife aiid invalid daughter 
dependent on charity. The Wfllcr-<MloiiT 
•^foeiety, whii;h ho had 8o long twnxdi pr<»- 
denteil them with llOA, and n subccriptiOD 
was raised among his friends In purchaM 
an uiiuuity for their beni'llt. He was buried 
at lliifhgati' i''-niett-rv, nml his n'maininj{ 
works were sold at ChriHlie's in March ISflS. 

(R(i«ct"i> IIJHiory of ilio "Old Wnttr-wloBr ' 
E?ocii!t_v; rii'dftTiife's iJici.innnry; Itrynn':i Die- 
liiiuiiTjf (Qr.-ii-i-it and AnimtroDK) ; (.Algernon) 
GrareiiVBicciimiry; CiitnloRoeof WalW-rolourf 
at Srmih Ki^naington Muneum] C. M, 

MACKENZIE, (iKOUGK.fPcond Kaei. 
OF ^>f:.iHiKTii [J. l(iJ31), originallr third 
Lord Mackonsie of Kintail, ItosA-shlro, wai 



J 



tbo teeoiul tan of Kenovth, lir»t lonl Mac- 
Iniutw of Kini«il, hy his xKoml wif<>, IsiImI, 
dui^ier of Sir Ciilberl OgiJvit; of Powriw, 
¥onar»hire. The family rpppc*rnts the ori- 
(^al bniDch <if the cUo Mackeuie, which 
tnoHi tU d«Kent from Colin of Kintail {d. 
\'I7^),'whou soa Kenneth wu i!UCi*i.'<L'<If<l m 
13C^ bj ■ MMOnd Kennedt, railed tberefora 
M vKeniMEfa, a name grsdutUy chang^ to 
Alackviuie, and adoptMl by thn clui. The 
t«rnlori<>iii of thfi ^In^kf>nzieiJ1 vent pwatly 
■Dcreued by K.eun«h, their twctlVh chi«f, 
who wa« CR:aicd a pivr, under the tiilp of 
Lord Madtenxie of Kintail, 19 Nor. ItiOU, 
and on the abandonment of the Kcheme fur 
the ottlonintion of Lrivris, obtftiacd poRAes- 
•ion of that iidand. (jeor^, third lorn Moc- 
iDBASie, attc<:««d^ to the earldom of Seaforth 
Ml Uie death of his half-bvolher, Colin, hnt 
•ftrl,wilboutiaal«iuue,lGAprill63S. Ori^L- 
nnllv he adhered la the coveoantbi^ F*i^y> 
but.^ij> n>Tati«t f)i-linga mrtiUfimt grttatly his 
nfnhyt«rian lettniu^, aud a§irong re^nl tu 
Liaown interests inlrodito^ addiiicmnl in* 
eoojutcocy into hi« {wiitical conduct. Soa- 
foith -vrai ODe of tho»e who on 13 Feb. ] tHi^ 
■uenbled to prarcnt G«orgc Gordon, second 
ia>rauuor£Iuuily[4.r.],fruin9arrtiKiainiithe 
cattle of luvemeaa i SPA^LOiyo. MemorialU, i. 
13-3). llt;aUooo9Apnlcaint:tuAUTd««iito 
offnr bin wrvic^ to the eove«antinf[ general, 
Alexander Leslie ^i2. p. 175). In May. at thu 
bead of foiir tliousand mini of varioitx clauii 
tx-ynnd lb« Sper, he attemptMl lo join tho 
•rmy of MoDtroee at Aberdoen ^^ee Okahim, 
Jaxm, fifth EtRt. and Hrx M«tiarin Mos-t- 
aoBB^ lial was withstood by tho Gordons 
■tul otb«rs, it beinif finally af^-ed tliAt both 
paitEHS nhould wiluilraw to their homes iib. 
p. I'.M). \\» atl«ad«l the general aMetnbly 
which met at Aberdeen on 20 July 1040: 
and b« wa» ont> of tlt4 c>nimitl«R nppuinted 
l/> try pertain doctors and minifliera for not 
sabacribing' the covenant {ib, i>. 311). Ou 
6 Aog. h« hooded a party or barotid and 
gCsUeowD who deetroyed various ima(^ 
■adcrucifixe* in the churches of AhenWn 
(a^. B. 315). Nevertheless he shonly after- 
warua tifpietl, alonfc with Montnuc, the bnnd 
of CumtN?mauld (band in TIodkrt Rtii.t.ie, 
Ltttmand JoumaU,u. 4tt?). In July Ittll 
be came under amptcion of having commnni- 
Batioawith the ktii^'aarmy t Sr^LDOio.iL 40), 
and on* of bis oxrvanlit, who was brining 
I«tteTB tfl him from Edinhurifh, wa^ appre- 
hetidied. Seaforth on tenniiiif^ tbia went south 
to EdinburfEh, bat after trial nothing- wa.i 
foimd againat him (t^. ii. &5). He attended 
the meeting of the e«ut« in October follow- 
imr, and wn« noininatvd by the kias to be of 
(te ^nvj council (lULrotTB, AntiaUt m, 37), 



and on lS\ov, the nomination was ai>pn>Ted 
by the eatatea (A. p. IfiO). 

Oetieml Alaater Macdooald [q. v.], on bia 
arrii'al from Ireland, carried wiinhim letters 
to Heafonb (1'atKICK Qurpox, Abridgment 
cf Britattet DUUmper, p. 64). Seaforlh re- 
fused to j<Mn in the Tviinig on behalf of tho 
king, but afrreed not lo bar MacdunnldV 
paasago south (i%. p. 6S). The kittf nomi- 
natml him' cl>i<^f just iot' (funeral of the leln*,' 
but he excused fiim!<»lf from arrriptin^ the 
honour on account of the 'mali^ancyof 
thetim*'3'(iA.) Aft.T .M<vntro»e'* victory as 
Abenleen in f*epli!niber 1614, 8eaforth pro- 
Tented him from oroesinfr the Spev, where- 
npon lo 4>«<!api> Archibnld Campbell, first 
marquis of ArgyU [<|. v.], whowasadnjicing 
wit h a eupt'rior force, Montniae retreated into 
Uoileuoch. Aflvr ravaging .KijiyU'e country, 
Monlr<»e camo in January l(i4.'> to ],ix:li- 
. iiufifi, intending to give battle to fieafurth 

(lirSIIWOBTH, W.>r tWfrir/joTM, V. ftSl ), bl)t 

leamingt'f Arg^U'e preparations in the flout h, 
rvtMrtiieil in»(«id to Inii-rlochv. On the 
marrh of ^!ontT^^ile northwards, aAer the 
defeat of Argyll at Inverlocliv on 2 Feb., 
I Scafnrrh wirh the committee of estatee.who 
' were then siitinfr at Kl^n, took to flight 
I (SpAtDiso, ii. 44?), and shortly afterw^ds 
hu and others mude iheir submission to 
Montrose, Thev nccompaiiifd Montroite on 
his inurcli from Klgin tu the i^pey, where he 
i-.vucLed from thi-ni a siili-mn iMtti ntivi.*r to 
draw arma agninat tho king; and on their 
parole to rtfturn as soon as possible with all 
their forces, they w#rc permitted to leare 
' for their estates {ib, ii, 4fiO; I'ATRtclc Qou- 
wvs, p. 109). Instead, however, of fulfillinf^ 
his promise, Scaforth almost immediately 
wrote to the Karl Marimba! at Aberdeen 
tlial hu had yielded to Montrose only through 
fear, and inlcndtid tn remain * bv tliR giHKl 
Cttuselill hiftdeath'tSi-ALDlJfo, ii. 4'iO). lie 
joined Hurry uliortly before tho buttle of 
Auldearn, on i) May (lA. ii. 473; P.\tricK 
GoKDox, p. 120). but notwithstanding the 
rout of his troops, made Ilia escape, 'being 
«-ell mounted' (i^. p. l27). He afterwartU 
fnt*Tod int'i communication with Moiilrosp, 
whom he joined at Inverness: and in June 
16J*i wa« exoommaoicated by the gent-ml 
a&Mtmbly for tending him his ooimteounee. 
After Clinrtus I deliverad binMlf up to tbv 
Scot^ at Newark, Seaforth ^une to 0(!ni-nil 
Middlelou SOQ UlUDLBTOX, JuilX, first Eaui. 
of M inDLRTOS] ; made terms with the com- 
mittee of the a'ltn.tea, and did puhlie penance 
forhisapottsiy in the High Church of Kdin- 
burgh. On lh« excctition of Charles I In 
Ittiy, Seaforlh joined Charles U in Holland, 
and was nominated by him principal accro- 




(nrr of Ktiitt) for Scotland. Jin waa included 
intlioBctof 10Miivl650,cxirliidiiig*])«rB'nia 
iroin pnlrrind willi'm the Jdngtldm fnjiu lnt- 
jontl fli-fi with his Majesty, until thoy give 
witisfaction to tho churcli and stutw' (lixi^ 
em-n. A'timJ^^, iv. 14). On 27 Ddc. the Act 
nC Ituni.sliDient against him was recalled (ib. 

S. 'J''i ). He, howart^r, ramatncd nbroncl. atid 
JL'd at Scliiuduui in IJollanil iibout M Oct. 
Itfit. Uy l»i» wift> Barbara, diiiiRliter of 
Arthur, ninth lord Furhuet hv hud lour vuua 
'■ — Ki'ntictli, third wirl (ti. 1(S7H), wlio wa« 
exroptnd fmm froaiwell's Act of Grace in 
16.V1, was imjirieiODDd till the KcKtoraliou, 
nod tt'ii-*, cm 211 April Ifl6:i, mail^' shcrilF nf 
Jiosa ; Gfor^, Cnlin, and Rodericli — nad 
tbr«.> (Inuglilers : Jean married, firet, to John, 
carl of Mar, and SfPondly, to Lord Friisor; 
ilarcaret, to Sir Williom Sinclair of Mey, 
and Barbara, to Sir John Unjubart of Cro- 
marty, iiu had uIeu u natural toOiJobn, 
first of the fiimily of Qniiurd. 
. [Spildioifa MiimortitlU of the Trublea, Gor- 
d«n'ti Soon Aflaii'M, aud Patrick Gordou'e Bri- 
tan<!H Diidomper (all Spalding Gub): Robert 
Unilliu'aLeLIonand J'0'Urfiflla(BiUiiiiit;neClilb}: 
8ir Juiun llairoar'i Annsla of Scotland ; Rniih- 
vorth's mstorical CotlcctLons : Mni; ken zio'.B His- 
tory iif tlio JUitckL-iii'iee. pp. 181-21)4 ; Uonglaa'a 
Siottinh Po<.r«s,>(Wood), ii. 430.) T. F. 11. 

MACKENZIE, Sin GEORfiE (1630- 
]6lH I, of rtoswhaii^li, king's advocate duntig- 
thp juTiod of tliu covcnanlintt pi^r*«ciit.ioTi, 
flnd Itnnwn in Scottish wivf^nanting tradition 
awlbG ' lUoody Mackfniie,' eldest sonof Simon 
Mockr-itxie of r,ochwlin, }to«-9hirc, brother 
of Gi-orge Mackenzie, second earl of Seaforth 

it\. v.], by Elizalieth, daughter of Ppter Bruce, 
).D., principal of St. J^conard's ('olleiro. 
St. .\ndrew», was bom at Dundee in IttSti. 
Ttaving compU^Ted \ne studitis in Gruok and 
philoiopby at tlw uiiivi-rnitii^a of St. Andrewn 
and .Vherflpf^n, he went ahToad heforo reach- 
ing his sixteenth year, nnd studisd civil law 
a.t the university of Bourj^.'' in Franrc Re- 
'turnin^ to Scotland he was called to tlie bar 
at Ediuhiirfili in Januarj- lliri9. and aftor iho 
•Rostomlion liv wait ri:admitted iu April IGGl. 
JUl throui:li life he manifested a continuous 
■devotion to literary pursuiu, but those wore 
not ]iL>rmitt'.<d to iuturfiTO vritli his pryfi-s- 
aionnl (Jiiti^s. Hia rise to eminence at the 
biir was exceptionally rapid. If in solid 
Iif^al iiccoRiplishtni^ntit ht! bad MTcral *u> 
poriorn, fow excelled him in ri'iidy eloquence, 
-or tbe adroit use of legal teclinicaliti«!. In 
the carlinr pnrt of hia careiT his sympalhiofl 
•were with the popular vnrty rather than 
•with the govcminent ; nnu in his ' Religious 
Stoic,' Ififia.ho dwUivd tbnt in conleraplat- 
■ing the instOTj of Christianity lu« hoart oled 



who II be c-oRMdnrnd * bow scBlToldx were dyed 
with Christian blood, and the fielda covered 
with the carcask'S of mutilated ChristinnB,' 

In 1661 Mockeuxie diiitingni^hi'd himself 
by the boldness of his defuntx' of the Maraiiii 
of Argyll ill hli trial before the commiasKiQ 
of the cstatuj}. f;hortly sAerwanlx he waa 
appointed a juatice-depiite, or judge of tb« 
cnminal court. Entering purliainoot in 
1009, lui iiiHUiljitr for lh« county of Rose, 
ho made himself con.<ipic-uouH by his penus- 
Irnt oppu»tiontu thv pulicy of I^jtuderdale. 
Whi'n, in reply to the If-tter of the king at 
th» ipF'ninr of piirliiiiiient, a proposal was 
brn i_!:i liirwanl for an incorporating union 
\Ml3i j.ii^lLiml, .Macitenzlo Tooved the od- 
joumment of the debate, and he afterwards 
moved that tho houi<« agreo to a commisaion 
on union ' under such nMcrvattuiu aa tha 

Sarliaraent ahould think neceeaary.* He 
L'liied, Luvvi>ri.'r, that Lit! object wag to do- 
frat theuniiiii: what he wished tudcfi-flt wa:i 
a too haaty decii>ion. But hia politic attttade 
irritated rathi-r I ban mnlliliiM] Lauderdale, 
who rarrird his n'scntnient ^n far M to naedi- 
tate un.'^ealing him on the plea of hia not 
being a frrt'lioldcr. Laudcrdalo vrn* only 
rcstruiued from carrying out hia purpofe by 
the urgent persuasion of Sir .^Vrchibald Prim- 
rose (SIackexzib. Mrm'Mrs, p. 173). 

Mackt^iizie'ii principal rival at the bar waa 
Sir Qenrge Lockbart [q. v.]^ and their per- 
Bonal reliilions gnidunlly hifcamt) vnry bitter. 
Originally MncttenKie — probably from ti^m- 

Eorary mo tivesof prudence — supported Lock- 
art -when ho and others were in 1074 div 
buTcd from pleading, on account of their 
appealing from the court of law to parlia- 
m>.'nt: but iiu gradually chnn^r^^hiBatiitudu 
towards the dispute, and it waa rhi>?fiy 
through hie influence and perHuafiao that 
fhtt membv-r:! of thit luir wnn' ullimatwly in- 
duced to pivo in their Hubmiflsion to tho 
government (I'A. pp. if07-310), His opinion 
was that they hiid stood out long enough 
to save their self-respect ; but the terms of 
the surrender entirely diipoAo of such a plea. 
Thij incident l^, however. chieAy notabl" as 
marking a turning-point in the career of Mac- 
kenzie. The acrrice he had rendered to tha 
government met TvitL epocial appn>ciution: 
hi) ns^i-ivM the honour of knightJioad; nml 
henceforth htibeoMoethcHlruauous supporter 
of Ijaudertlalt) and thfl king. On 23 Auir- 1 1>7 7 
hn was, on the diamiual of Sir John ^isbeb 
[a. v.], appointed king's advocate, and oa 
4 Sqit, ho was admitlAd a privy counc'tllor. 
On bis acc«S8ion to oSic« .Moekenne found 
the gaols full of priaoncrs who had been left 
untried by Isiitbet, obieHy becaum h« had 
not been ^bed cither to proeaoQt« or releaad 



J 



^lackenzie 



HHS 



'Mackenzie 



ttuiui. The«e he set fti Utwrty ; and whil« 
rimdur hii directioo the pn>ae«ution of the 
•Aoreunton was nioni ruihUas^ ponueilt 
'ct k^ fr)rmat;iu^ were much tnore wru- 
~ f oIwiTwd, one of his fiist caius bt'iu? 
iio fnune c*arlwii evIm In- wlucb groater pre- 
Eision was req^uiied both as to tino aiid 
ylnct- ia drawiiif; iodtctmsnts. StiU hi* 
acts did not differ materiallr from those r>i' 
h.'\s DTvdvixvsor ia office; and when in 1079 
"WiUimn Ooii^lu, third duke of HamilLin 
I. T.Jt headed a deputation lo compLaia of 
nillqiAlcharacterof Latiderdale'saauinis- 
~'fi»t)on, XadnHUM dctfcndfyl it, if n4t8U0«>M- 
follv, at I«a«lio tbeNiii«(JtolioD of tlin kiuff. 
With tbc battle of Uothvrell Btidgf, in 
;.Jun« 1079, the eoTunanten won CnMlod 
'ViLk a great inereaM of Mmitf . and Mac- 
' I aofla fiamed am(Hi^ them t1i« epithet 
. . _ ' Blondy.* He ws« p«rbap« primarily m- 
> ■pon.iiblt! for ihp pnlicj: pnnmod. It wna to 
Sum the government looked both for the l«Ki^ 
htive <^naetiti#nt« apnropriato lo tlii^ special 
cuuuBut&ncea and tor the relentless and 
Ingenious appUcatioo of tho l&w to the caam 
>«f individual oQundun. Whilo (.iraham of 
-CUrerhouM was the main agent in the dis- 
I et>T«r7 and appicheiuioD of euspuctiHl ' mit- 
linuntA,' MDrWnzi<> mndu aiiro ttiat noan 
Wtiam iben> was ffooil reason to btilieri! 
I multT ehoitld escape the pmcribod wnal- 
J tic*. *No kinK*s nidvocatc,' ho himself de- 
cUnd, ' ha.t erer Dcrowed the prerogstire 
Uglier tluin I harp. I iiMm to haTe my 
•IMiM placed riding bahind Charles II in 
» tbft paruament cloae.' In February 1680 be 
> Doast«d lo the Doke of IjtudL-rdala that 
^Iba had'naTi!(rlo*t a ciuh rirtbnking'fZaii- 
'denfsis Firpera, iii. \i>2). As heUtti thL< 
pnnripa.1 oaarf^e of the soT4>miiii.'nt pni- 
•eent ion-i, he must be lu^ld <^ii»>t1y respoTi>%ihlc 
for the introduction of torture to extort ihe 
tmth from siupM't>:'d pt-rjttns, and in hia 
* ViadioaiioQ ' ho ^p&cJall^ defended its use, 
"Wliilfl ha dtspUjed an alnioat savage ^sto 
In wtddini; iis tenors. His ovonnutenng 
temprr could not brook oppoaition, and fim* 

2a«ntly tempted him to unseemly TiolGneo. 
In '711'.' <>cc7isioii ho thr>?st«iml a spvciallT 
taciturn priibinfir that if )io ilid not spMK 
' lie wnuhl * tear out his tongiie with a pair 
" pioMl*.* Nor was the hifjll rank iif a 
any (ruarante* of thu observancii 
ftlMoatwsrdforniB of civility. Even nl thi' 
enth of John Campbell, first lurl of I^oitcloun 
t<169t^l0ti;)) '<{. v.l bis wrath led him to ex- 
idalm,' Has tiie villain played mo this trick' 
}<itodi«biiforebeiui;f'Jri'i.-itvJ): uudwheuLndj 
tliOUdoun jin-'aentt>d a jn-tilion praying for 
'. BMfny for berself and chddren, be Euatcut'd it 
«at <n iter haod«, tore it to piecM, and threw 



it out of thawindow {Ui»t. MSS. Cimm. 4tb 
Ttep.p, 53^), In the pers«cuti on of ' fanatics' 
be strained every legal duvieutuKecureaoon- 
riction. One of the moat acandalons caw* 
connected with bis name was that of Jamet 
Mitchell [q.v.], at hiKMwond trinl for an at» 
tempt on the life of ArchlnsUiop Sharp; and ib 
wiu f lif moTf indpfvniiiblv, because Mackenzie, 
Imving been bis counwl at the first (rial, was 
fully aware of the circumstances which had 
indun><l him to moke confe«»iou. But a still 
more flngnnt instance of siruiutng' ihe law to 
secure conviction was the prosecution of UtQ 
Earl of A^yll in December 16»t for lease 
makiu^, on account of b CMerrutiun he bad 
made in taking the teet [see CaUprrix, 
Akciiihalp. uiiitb ICabl of Akoill]. On 
1 his charge Arg:>-ll w«» wiitnnaid lo death and 
forfeited; and when aflenvardit lie was appro- 
blended in IfiSIi, aftur an abortive attempt to 
promote a rising in Scotland, >[acltenziu ad- 
viw'd that he sliould not be tried for rwhel- 
lion, but that, ' tn (Id him n favour/ the 
sentence of Ititjl should lj« ^.'iiforced. 

In September 16B0 UonalJ Cargill [q. v.] 
tbecorenauler took it upou him la pronounce 
solemn ecntAnce of e^communicatinn against 
tin idx^, Moekctiiio. and others ; and aa a 
consequence a Inrfift mwnnl wn* ofTi-red for 
kiiia[ipri!heuBion, with the n-flult thuthi^was 
i'i<>^uk-doit 2'j.IulyI6$l. In ietJ2-» Mai> 
kensii? assisted ClaTerhonse in bringing about 
tb» Ivcral overthrow of ibe Dalrymples. In 
1 iiSi t he covenant ing prosocut ion anderwi-nt 
a new phase owiu^ to the piihlit>hcd threat 
of Rcnwick and others to n-Ialiaiu on Iheir 
prosecutor' 'according tooiirpower and ibo 
degree of thtir ufTnHd;.' Mackuniie replied 
with the i^nnctmL'nt 'that any person who 
owus, orwill not disown the late treftsonr 
able declaration on oath, whi^ther tbty haro 
«miK or not, be immediately put to deatbj 
thio being done in the presflniee of two wit- 
tiesses, and the person or mrsona having oon- 
mtesion to this eHect.' The enactment in- 
augurated the period known as tho ' kilUng 
time.' After the passtngof the act, 17 Aug, 
16S0, abrontJng the penal laws agunst the 
catholics, Mackvuxio mignvd his oflico of 
king's advocate, and for a short ttmu actvd 
us couuR't for covenant inn prieone«, whom 
his own I'mictmpnis had h<>l)»>d to bring 
within the grAsp of the law. In February 
lil-M ho was, however, again restored to his 
oSico, and ho bcld it till the rerolution. 

Mackenzie attended tho mecliugs of the 
Convention parlinmeint at Edinburgh in 
JNIarch 1080. Along with Claverhouse ba 
made a tmocial romptaint lo the oonv^ation 
that a plot had betm maclo to assaaainatd 
bin, but no definite proof of (his was forthr 



■ 



Mackenzie 



«44 



Mackenzie 



cCMning. lie iru employed in iiddreaeiiig 
tlif) convention, 'patbotic&Uy lamenting tbe 
httrd tfomlitions of iht- <r*tat<;s nl once com- 
maiLdud by tliti giiniiof h rcirtn'ti^ uutl intiuaced 
liv n fnciallcal rabbla ' (MAfATilAY, IlUtmry 
fff Kriffland), whi'n word wits broiiplit that 
OriLhniTi of Cniivurboiiw wh» lunrchiiig out, 
nf K'linhiirgb by tha Stirling road; and 
MiLckenzie and utbur promintjnt JscobitK 
momburs \vt-ri> il-'tninf-d in custody iinri] it. 
was HtK'ii tluLt Clavorhouse bad left the city. 

Jami!^ It of tb(! crown, boldiuff that liis nets 
wens proi-L-uU'd by ihta declaration of parlia- 
uu:t\l tbat be was an absolute monftrch. With 
four ulbuni bu nUo ruDiaJD«J to vote agaiuat 
tbw r.'i.iilulinii (lUiriKKEs, Meritoiye, p. 3o). 
Shortly afterwards bu w«m to Euvlund.and 
in May wrvit* n littti^r to (it'iir(fe MKlviUo, 
first enrl^EelvillfiTq. V.J, from Kaaresboroug'U, 
inwliicb he stated that 'hearinK aurmiei^s of 
what was dosipiiod f^aixm iia I hift tlis plucks, 
hut openly ; ' and alfirmed tbat all be sought 
waa ■ a pnsa for my health, and n delay till 
uiatt(-r» iwtllu' {Zrfrcn )ii»<l Melville i'ajierfi, 

t. 3:*). HotiiH attempt wfia made to aecuro 
ia punii^hmoDt for nt>SL'iiliii{^ hiuuL'lf ({'£. pp. 
5-'?, 68J, bill, by drfiiiilely witbdniwitiK from 
A:olland and from publ'ic lifo bu partly dis- 
armed hifi eiipniHyi, nnd iiii proct-i'clinga wero 
talton a^inett him. Ity n ^Tace passed In June 
1(}90 ho wft» admitted a ittudenl of Oiford 
TJniverBLtT. Ili-diod n.t WostminslerH May 
169], and was baried in Old (ireyfriars 
fhurcbyard, I'Idiiiburph. A portrait of Mac- 
kenzie by lvii«!Ifr, ia iu tho Advoculei*' 
Jjibntry, Ediii.biirg'b. It hna b&i>n engraved 
Vp B4>d^i, VaudL'rbuiick, and Kiuhardeon. 
TTitTO ur*" two copter, oim by llt?ii|;(o, in tlm 
Nntional I'nrtrait fiallery, Edinburgh. 

Mackentiu's cnrovr n» (iiihlic prosecutor 
can only (ic d^>fftnd«l on tbn Biippofiitinn t.hnt. 
ia law, Hfl well as in lovoand war, 'all things 
tan fair.' Iliaoaf^L-r intiTi'st in cnnstitittionni 
hiBtory,nndbi«overbuaringieniper,arei)anly 
RC<^oiinLable for bis miauac of legal forms to 
obtain convictions; and his butrud of ndi- 
gious faiiaticiHm MeemH also to have itai^lf 
veriij"«l nn fanaticiAm. Tbo onu nnliwitiing 
feature of biB cbaractiir wuhi Wa ilevultou to 
literature nnd harning. lie was practirnlly 
the fonndcjr nfthn library of tho rtcully of 
Advocotes. In Hj80bBdn«WRtt<.>nlion t<»Lbo 
heavy nrri-an* of ontry monBy duo by advo- 
cst«e ; and be propoaw to recowr and xnerid 
tiw money in the purchaae of booka on law. 
The prDponl, however, reniained in abeyance 
until l^^t when ho was choxt^n dean of the 
Faculty of Advocotus. Atbiasnggesllon the 
judged pjuwed an act of sederunt by which 
Boy advocate failing to pay ttii> arPiars of his 



mtry-money might be expelled from Lh« 
profeaaion. Ahotuswasthon taken on leaae, 
and the tresaurer of the faculty wax directed 
to buy 'all the Scoltiah Practicka as alno 
the Scottish liLStoriaiia.' One of Mackenzie's 
last acta before he left; l^inburgh! was on 
Ifi March Iti69 lodwHrer an inaugural Latin 
oration at. thp opening of the library. I'he 
pc't't Dryden, who hadsevenU couviirsationa 
with Mackenzie, r&fera to him, in bis ' Di*. 
coureo on tbe Origin and Progrrws of ^tire,' 
ft? tlirt 'noble wit of Scotland, Sir (ieorge 
Mackeiuti«"(ir»rA.ff,od. Scott,xiii. lU). He 
was celebrated for bia Hocial uift* at the par- 
li<'3 at Holyrood House: and in thn citta- 
loguo of tho glia^tly revellers In Rodgaiint* 
let Castle he is de:^cribed a* the ' Illoodjr 
Advocate Mackenzie, who for bia worldly 
wit and wia^lom h»(l been to tbe rest a a 
god.'. BumtM, admitl.ing that he was ' a maa 
of much lifti and wit,' atHmt^ that ho wan 
neirbfir ' equal niir correct in ' Niabet's place 
«« lord advocate (Oii'w Titna.tiA. 183d, p. 275). 
' He ha«,' bo adda. ' published many books, 
some of law, and all full of faults ; for ho was 
a slight and siiperboial man.' Hurn*irs critiJ 
ci«ui Ivaua towards severity, but undoubtodt 
Mackenuio's gift.* wim; more i<ipecioua tha 
solid. Hie rellectinriE are commonplao!, anAj 
bis >itylrt,tbiiu[fh nmntu and rlietorical, is colA] 
and tame. Hit) inltdlectual otitlook was nar- 
row, and in dealing with historical facts ho 
waa tbe slavi:- of pn.jjudice. 

Mackeuzie'a worka are: 1. 'Arellna, or 
the Serious Itomance,' London, lOitt ; an 
Egvpitaii ittor}', laborious and stilted in ntTlff i 
nnd destitute of pemcmal intiTtyit. 2, 'fl«»i 
li^Jo Stuict; the Virtuoso or Stoick with * I 
friendly AddrrtHs to ibu Fanatics of all Sectt ■ 
and Sorta'[annn,], Edinburgh, IfilW, 3. ' A 
Moni) Hway ; preferring Solitude to I'ublio 




,[(i.v.l 
Active Life preferred to Soliludu and all Its 
Apiianages,' l(Hi7. 4. 'Mora! Oallanlry ; 
Uitcourso proving that the Point of Honour 
obliges a Man tn bu Virtuou",' Kdinburgh, 
1(W7, London, 1821. 5. 'A Moral Pamdnx 
proving that it is inuchL'asivr to be Virtiioua 
than Vicious, and a Con sot ill ion against t'a- 
lumtiius,' Edinburgh, 16(J7, IfiflO; London^ 
ItiSfi. S. 'Pb-adiugii on some l^mnrkable 
Cases before ibeSupn^me Courts of Scotland 
.*infi' tbi>Yfiir ItSIU. Towbich tbe Docision* 
am subjoined,' f'dinhurgh, ItilS. 7. ' A Ui*- 
oourjio iuK>n the Lawn and Cuntomi) of Soot^ , 
land in AlntCtTit Criminal,' Edinburgh, 1674, 
l(17rt, I6il&. 8. 'Ub«.;rvBtious upon the 
XXVIII Act, S3rd Parliam.-nt of King 
James \l against Baokrupta,' &.C., Edin- 



Mackenzie 



^45 



Mackenzie 



burgh, 1973. 9. ' Obiervatioas upon tht> 
LaWA anil Customs of Ntilious as to IVt'cp- 
ibmc}-. Witli tilt) i^k-nec of Uvrnldry Hvatud 
■« part of tbe (.'iv'rl Lavr of Nnt.ioiu,' K.(lin- 
buTKh, 1080. 10. ' Idea eloquontiiB fotvDflw 
bodtvntic uni cum nclionv Toivnei ex iiiiti- 
qoMUe jarisparlfl,' Edinbiirftli.it^l ; tnina- 
uted into EneliBli by R. Hepburn, under 
the title ' An Iflcaof the McmJchi Klonurnen 
of the Bar.' Edinbu^lt. 1711. U. ' Vindi- 
cfttioo of His Majesty's GoTemmdnt awl 
Jadusturo is Scotland* [anon.]. Edinburo'b, 
n.d.; ivpriuted London, l(}>i9. 1^. 'Jus 
Raffium. or tho First and Solid Foundation 
of Aloiuircby iuUi-neral and lavre particu- 
Urlf oftbi> .Monardiy of Scotland; AK^insc 
BnebBoaa. Nnpbiali, Dolman, Milton,' Sic, 
Loedou, Itil^ nml H;ai\ 13. ' riwttliiliona 
of tbe Laws of Scotland,' Kdinbiii^h, 1(1:^1 ; 
Loadon, IIIIU; I-lldinbiirKh, 1701; with notes 
by Jobn Spottiswoofle, 1 7'2^ ; ivviwd I>v.\Iox- 
■nder lUyii*,1730,8clie<lil,i;r)8. 14, 'On the 
Disoovcr; of th« Fanhtick Plot/ Edinburt;!), 
1G(*4. 15. "A Defence of tlie Antiquity oflbe 
Itoral Lino of Scotland, in nnswLT to Wil- 
liam Lloyd, Uisbop 'jf St. .\sapb, with uTrii>j 
Account when thf S«»t* wen; giivt-nu'd by 
tbe Kiofn in the Isle of Britatn,' I.ondon, 
I08A. Th>' work d>-r<-ii<U lb.- nirtlilciil linn 
r>f Scottish monorcli-s in which Macki'tucicH 
belief was so devout, ibnt he declsa'd that 
if iti attoatpted n'ftitation hiul b->n pirtrii^ 
tfkted in Scotland, it would have been iiis 
dtttr M lord advorato bo proserule tbe of- 
immar. 10. 'Tbu .\ntiijmty of the Koyal 
Xjine of Scotland fiirlber cleared and de- 
fendad RirainM the exceptions latt^'ly ofFerud 
l»v I>r. Htiilinifflwet in hia "Vindioation of 
ifce Bishon of St, Asaph,"' I^indon, 1680. 
Translstra into Latin under tbe titU> ' IX— 
feniiio .\ntimiitatL'i Re^m Scotorum pmna- 

riic, contra Epi&copum Asaphetuein et StiU 
uifr^vtuui, Lai. YvrM h. P. Sinclaro,' Uirccht, 
108». 17. 'ObaervalionsoaibQ Actsof Tar- 
liament made by Kin^; James I and his Suo 
caaaora to the und of thu Iteicn of Charlie EI,' 
Edtoburgh, IG8R. 18. ' A M^utorial to the 
PKrliaaent by two Persons of Qualily' (rhe 
£ul of StaTorth and Mu'liFiuie). Loudon, 
ItlSO. in. < (Iratio Itiauiniralia habita F.din- 
bitrghi de StTuctura Gibliotbecee JuridiLW,' 
Ac-, Tendon, I(W>, 20. ' RpiiM>n : an K»»bt,' 
London. It'OO and I'l^r*; trnu.ilated into Latin 
iind«r the title, 'I>e]ltimBiiH> liatiDnialmbo 
cillicato, c-a onduproTcniat m illi quotnodo 
posaimus nwderi, liber Biuifularis ediiuit i^ 
(ioo. (jjraevio,* Utrecht. UiiK): Leiuriir, l."0(>. 
ai.'Tlie Moral Ilislorv of FniRobtv and its 
OJpf04it«Vice^' Loudon, ItiUl. ''2. 'A \ :n h 
«atiim of the GoTerommt of Scotland d utj i ,j 
tlir Rrign of King Charles II ; with seTcrul 
TOl. IXX.\. 



Other Tr«atiie8 , referring to tlie Aflkin of 
8c;otland,' London, lOOL 23, * Method of 
Pruoowliiiff aj^inst Criminals and Fanatiml 
roveaaat«r»,' IHSJl. 2-1. ' Vindiealioiiof the 
Presbyt«riaiis of Scotland from iht? Malicious 
A*]K^nk!uns cast n^piinst them,'l'JU2. 25.' E^ 
says tipon Moral Subj*ct«,' Ixindon, 1718. 
2t'. ' Consolations . af^nst Caliiutny,' n. p., 
n. d. 27. *Cielia'»Countri--house,andOlo»et, 
, a Poem,' &nl publisbed in bi« ' Cnlloctud 
Works.' 2«.' Paraphrase of the laUhPwdm,* 
Qr8t publishud {id.) To tho Koyul Society 
of Loudon be coiumuuicated two pnpvrs, 
•On a Storm and some Lahen iu Scotland' 
( I'fiil. Tram. Abridgment, 1070, ii. 210), and 
'Some Ohftervntioiu mndi> iu ^iTtlnml' (t'A. 
p, 22ii). Hia ' Collected Works.' i-dited with 
' Lifit ' by Kuddimnn, appeared at I'^inburfjli, 
in '2 vols., in 1716-22. ' An<tinK ' atid tlio 
' Fanslick Plot' are omitted in the 'Col- 
lected Works.' Hia ' Memoirs of the jVffairs 
of Scotland ' appeared in 1H22. Tlicy woM 
.lubmitted to the Oukeof Lauderdale for hia 
n.'viitiou [Lawlerdalr Paptrr, m. 219-iKI>. A 
' (.'ollection about Famtliea in Scotland from 
th t'ir own Charters, by Sir (i™rKL' Mackenzie,' 
i.i lunoug till! iniiniucriptx in th«> .-\dvocnl«(i' 
Libmry, Kdinbur^h : and in the catholic col- 
lege iif Blair is a ' Cienealo(i>- of Families 
of Scotland,' pollcctcd by hiui {Hiit. M&S. 
Vumm. iJnd Itep. App. p. 201 )■ 

[Lif)^ pr«&(od Iu CuUectod Workx ; Muckeaiiti'a 
own Msmaire; IiHiid«r of Fouulninlintra Vtei- 
■LIJI14. iliil-urienl Nulices. niidHittutinil OIscttm, 
Ilalcarres'f M>'iDoir8, aud L«veii aud Melvilla 
lepers fall Banna^ne Cinb); BumeL'a Own 
Time; Wodrow'i Snffatinga of the Church of 
.ScoiUnd; Ualrymple'a>I»nioiis of Great ItritatD; 
N'fipior's Memorials of Dundee; Omonil'a Lsrd 
A.lvoftvl*ai..rScotUnd.l T. F. II. 

MACKENZIK, GEOnOE, Viacousi 
Tarrat, tirxt Kaki. or Ckomartv (I6S0- 
1714), etatefiman. bom at Innnrteil, near 
Kini^hom, Fifesbire, in 1U30,wbs eldest son 
of Sir John Mackouti'^ of Tarbat^ — gramlaon 
ofCoIin Mackenzie of Kintail, and nephew of 

, tbi' fir*t irfjrd Mackeniie of Kintuil. l{os»- 
shire.thti pni^UEiitorof the Muckvuxi<.«, earls 
of Seaforth. His mother was SIar|j;aret, 
daughter of Sir Georf^e Erskine of Innorteil, 
I'jrd Innvrlvit, a lord of the court of »L'*>iiiun. 
I le was educated at the univ«r*ity of Si . Aa- 
dniwfi and Kind's CuHege. Aherdeeii, wbeiu 
lid ^Tuduuti'd ill l(U({( h'n*fi Ahcrd.t^fiivWing 
Club, 18.>4, p. ■Itii*), He became an excellent 
clai^iral scholar, and cultivated both liters 
fure and science, but politic* Bb«orb«d lufl 
(^hief interesta. In 1603 ne joined Olencaim'a 
> -pi ilitiononbchalfof CbarleslI, andontho 
!' I'lU. of Mtddlclon fs<!t! ^Liddleiok, Joiiir, 

. hr»t likSLOF MiddletokJ, 20 July I(ir>4, fled 



Mackenzie 



146 



Mackenzie 




tu t)i« ca«tl« of Island !>oiiftii. He succeeded 
to the farnily estatefl on h'la fatter'a death, 

10 Sept, ]6t'4, but nft^r «i>ciipin^ to thu con- 
tinent reinniiiftd in eiilo till tlieRastnmtion, 
occupymg: much of his Lciaiire In the etudy of 
law. 

At I ho I(e»toration Midilteton, Mackeozie's 
old commander, had the ,iuuiagvnient of 
Scull i»^)i utTiiir.!*, und Maci^L'iizi'.i wu« his ehiof 
ooiifiilaiit and tool. His relative, Sir Oe&rffe 
Macbonsip [*\. v.\ dcbcribL'H liim oh at thia 
tiDHf 'a psfuiuniattf t;aviilir"r''(.U'''»tw(i'»,]).27); 
bnt a ]u-fn nmbitinn infliir.nced his pnlitiral 
conduct ua much a^ paa&ioa or preiudito . On 
14 Fi'b. llilil bi! wiix nnniinitti'J n, bird of 
dieB^on witli tlie Judicial tit I(>nf LordTarbat, 
and waa elected Ihe siirne year a tnsmbfr of 
the ostntits for the county of Koas. He in 
credited by Sir C"«*orp« Macbeiuciuwilh beinjr 
tho chief oricinutor (*f the act pnMcd in 1 6(i 1 
rcsciiidiiiff nil etatntt^R posted m th« purlia- 
ment of liHO and stihsufjuently ; but tho 
chief aim of tbu act ht.'iug to pri'paro fur tbu 
««tHblin!i iiii^nt of f-piseopnty, it was not im- 
ptobnbly EtjptP3att.'d luTarbat by .-Vrchbitliop 
bhnr]!. In lh>--ir [Hdicv on tu>hulf of i/pisco- 
pacy, Middktau and Tnrbnt found thimi- 
RelvBs nt this time oppnited bv Lauderdale, 
the mint-MiT for Scottish alTain*, Thiiy n*- 
•olved therefore to conipasa bis ruin, the 
desif^ heinif that Tnrbnt, who 'was then 
much cniijidfivd at court, as onn of iho 
moat e^ctmordinary moii that H^cotlnnd had 
prCKlucud' (BuitKET. Oint Time. od. 1S38, 
p. !)7), should «ui?ceeJ to Lauderdale's place 
OB aocTftary of Blnlt?. With this v'lvw they 
in lOtC devixed the fiuiioiiit'itct of billotinp,' 
the cri«dit of which probably belonga to Tar- 
bat. Tbo propuwil wan l>y a aecrvt vote of 
the eHtatPs In declare certain pprsoas in- 
capable of holdint; any ofhce of public truet; 
but wht'u tho n?«iilt of the vole — i-vhich dia- 
quoUGt-d LaudiTdale amoup others— was sent 
up to tho kinp he 'threw the act of billeting 
into bin c^bim't, dw-Iaring that ho would not 
follow their advice nor would he diiiclnse 
their aecrot ' (Mackcnzib, Mtmotre, p. T7). 
Fiurtli-i.-r inniiir^', iiinti tinted by Laud<rrxlal«, 
led In the diacoveryibai. MiddletonhadheeQ 
mialcacling both ihc Idni; and tho parliament, 
and ho wao di9mii"»«i frf>m nltioe, wbilo 
Tarbat, for liis connection with thn intrigue, 
wae on 10 Feb, ItiW d^priv<rd of bis seat on 
thP bench. lie reraainwl in dviipraco till 
16"K,whL'n,throuf;h the offices of Shaqi with 
the T)«k» and I>in.'ho«ofI*«ud*Td«lii, D«n'a8 
on IK Oct. appointed lord justice literal of 
Scotland. On the followincr day he r^wiTcd 
a pvntion of ^HXtf. from (.'barlvn II, and on , 

11 Nov. was ftdmitlcd a privy conncdior of , 
SeoUiud. Tbo day tlWr tui admiMion ho | 



pr6Miit«daletterfiron)tbekisff,toberecord«J 
in the books ofaedenuitfinlimatmir the kin)^# 
pnrchin for liii< ronnnct.ion witb tbu act of 
hillr-rinfT, On I Oct. 1661 he waa appuintod 
lord clerk raster, and on 11 Nov. rillowing- 
was aj^in numiEtod oii« of the firdinary !urd» 

of (^SftioQ. 

On the fiill of Lauderdale in litft2 Tarhat 
succcL-dod to the position of chief laiuieteror 
tha kiiio; in Scotland, and retained this piwi- 
lion till tha rc\'olalion. Shortly after the 
acceM>oitarJain«Ji li be waa on 16 Feb. ItW* 
created Viscount of Tarbat and Lord MucU-oAJ 
and CaBtleliBven iu tht' uovTBgi? of Scollandj 
to bint nnd helr^ niiiln 01 bin body. 

At the revolution Tarbat, eo &saa a« 
disrenied that tb« cause of JaoiM waj lostj^j 
roeolved if powiWo to somirB hia own wfetyi 
and hi» coutinuance in power. By nrlvisiri^l 
in council the disbandinf; of t\w militia haj 
jiroaUy facilttattsd tbo peaceful esUblnhineiiHl 
of the new government. In the ' Lf v*'n and'l 
Mt'lvillu Papers ' (p. 14) there is printed,! 
uruiftr dat« '2T\ April 1889, an cxoneratioa I 
and dischar^o to bim of liiji uflieu of registarn 
«pcitrin)^ him— on account of hi.4 faithful aep^ 
vice iKith in putting 'in order and mutbod' 
the various dftcumenln utidor bi» charge anJ 
rccnverinjr manr that were miasing— ' from 
all danger in his person or Mtate, notwith^J 
standing of any acts, wnlings, cnuncilfcf 
6pi-eclii«, or any crimes committed by him.-] 
It would appear, however, that he was not9 
GnaUyuxonurated unlilaAi:!? 17 Jan. 10^U(i%,- j 
p. .'J731. In IfiflO he sent a memorial to th*] 
government, projiosinp a joint rccogiiitioo c * 
presbytery and episcopniy <iA. p. 1;!6), Aft< 
Killiircrankie he was ettiployed by tbo go-j 
vernment to treat with ibt; bi^hfand clnni 
(Warrant of H* March IfifX), 1*. p. 423). Ha 
thoroughly undi^rstood bighlaod iwlitics, and 
hia prudent counsel wiw of cnn-'iderable ad-i 
vantago in bringing about a settlement (k9 j 
.MAc*ut_iT, JIuturt/, 1S88, ii. 44 >. If, any*. 
Maeaulay, lii» plan (of diHtributing a f^ 
thouHiindKRlfrlin^: among the higltlandrhieft^'l 
hfld been tried when he recommyndod it', in- ' 
stead of two j-wnnt latvr, ' it would probably ' 
have prpTentid much bloodshed and C(mi-I 
fufiion^ (it. p. 831), On 6 MareU IW2 h*j 
was Tvstorpit to the ofliro of dark r»gial«rj 
but resigned it towards tba clom of 10^,^ 
According to Secretary Johnstone, hn bad 
bi'en caught ' growly nalvvrnxing in hia 
ollioe of clerk both io public and in jirivat© 
business' (_Car»tarts State P/iperg, p. 17S). 

On the accession of (jueen Anne, Tarbati 
was on *21 Nov. 1702 appointed on« of tht 
wcrciarii-s of ttati-, and on 1 Jan. 1703 waa 
created Earl of CVmiartv. Snbeeguently h« 
waa dweeu a cvpreeeoutive pevr ofScot land. 



In 1~01 he Kei^M the office of secteUry, 
and oa '2ti Jung 1705 was made linrd jiwlicv 
gmiml, KtAininfT oflieo till 1710. Locklinrt 
■tatei tbfiC iJioush * be pietooded to favour 
the Ra^I Faintly [the lamily in exile] and 
the episcopa3 clirrgy, nil he Bovur did oue 
act in favour of any of them, exeeptltig that 
whui ha mg tecrvtnry to Queea Anna ]us 
nrocurad a» Act «f ludvinnitj und n luttwr 
from her recommending tlie epiacopal clergy 
to lh« Prix-y Coancil's protection; but v.-l«- 
ch« tbiA proceeded from a desire ami •Vnign 
of aerrioff them ia eaay to determine when 
w oanstoer that oo Boon»r did Tjueen Anni* 
dewrt thfl Torr party and nnxinie, but his 
I^onlabip tum'o as great a wbi^ aa the beil 
of them, joined n-ith Tweedolc's pitny to ad- 
TUice the HtuiOTvrian Bucc«#sivu iiitLu I'ar- 
liament 1704, ant! was at last a i.^alniia 
nivklcrand writL-r In favour uf tliu I'uiuu' 
{JPapiT4,i.7i). Oroninrty's abU; mid JikVi- 
eiona odTocacy of the union ia, hnvever, his 
«hiaf tibia to honour as a statesnuHn, and 
slooee ibr much that wao foolish and inoon- 
•ittwtt in Ilia career. He died at New Tat^ 
bat 17 Aug. 1714, and -n-aa bun«d, not us 
he had directed twiide hi^i cecond wife at 
WrmyM, but beade his aneeatora at Ding- 
v-all. DoAo Swift flTal06 chat ' my lunl uf 
Cromarty.after four aoore went to hia country 
haitn in Scotland with a resolutioQ lo atay 
•ix JMn. and lirvd thriftily in ordor to wivv 
&p numerthat he might apend it in London' 
(* Tboogbts on Various Sabjects,' H'ork*, iv. 
S421. By his fir*t wife, Anna, danghtrr of 
Sir James Sinclair of Hey, bsronct, he had 
four fons: Itoilcrick, who died voutig; John, 
who succeeded his father; li^cnnvth, and 
June*, ily hta second vit'v, Margaret, coun- 
um of Wcniyss, he had no issue. 

The politicnl cani<.T of Cromarty Tnu, tmt* 
faapB, more rariable and incoiu)i!itr>nt innn 
that of any other Scottish etatesman of his 
time. Tie hfeitn ta a p«ssionnt« partliAn, 
and developed into a cautious uad uncertain 
npp^rtiinist. Lockhart dfiacribes him as 'ex- 
tremely mo^oity and unsettled' (Mtmoin, 
p. 75), and Buniet «ay» that he bail 'f^reat 
notJooA of Ttrtui' anil rt'liginn,but tht-ywuru 
cnly notions' {Oicn Time, p. 97). iiu was 
peiMBAllT popular, bad 'au exlrnorditiary 
sifk of plMsiog and diverting conversation' 
(LoekAart I\ipcriiy ii. ;<'>),and was thi* 'plea* 
nntest comnuiinn in the world' (^lAUKr, 
Memain of hu Secret Serncet, p. 1^). A 
ponrait of Oomany, after Sir J. Bapli't 
Meilioa, 'letatiii 00, anno 109^,' is in the 
Narinnal Portrait Qallery of Scotland at 
Edinburgh. Medina's portrait has been ou- 
gnred by Voadeihanck. 

Cromarty retained through life varied in- 



temts ouiaido pnliticA. Ho was ennitillcd 
by Sir Ilobert Moray [q-v.] in regard to the 
formation of the Itoynl Socit-lyof Londou, 
and contributed lo it« ' TroDsacuous ' the fol- 
lowing paper* : ' Ittimarkson the Transactions 
<rf April 1675 ' ('Trunsftetione,' x. 305) ; ' Ac- 
count of Severe Wind and Fro«t'(iS.x. 807); 
'Obtfbrvatioiui on Natural History made in 
Scotkud'Cii. X. SJW) i ' Mo»i«.-s in'Scotlnnd,' 
in a letter to Dr. Hans Sloane, lA Nov, lti70 
(ifi. xxvii, 29G ). ,*Vn ' Account of Uirta and 
kona' (Lilandit of the HebridM) was jiub- 
lifilied in ' MiHCfiUanaa Scolicn,' lf*lS, ii. 79. 
tlu published a Urge number of political 
wirapliletfl, 8omo of which ar« now rare. 
Tbev include 1. 'Memorial for bis Highness 
thul^rioecof Ornngoin relation to ihi.- Aflnirs 
of Scolbtntl, togvthvr with ihu Addross of 
the Presbyterian party in that Kiugdmn t.i 
hi» IIiKhQ06S,au(lfi0mttOb«!n-atiuu3 an that 
AdiiriiM by two I'ersons of Quality, 'piililiihi^ 
autmvmouiUy, London, 16S9. 2. ' Paraine^ 
Piicihca, iir u IVntuasivu to thi* I'nion of 
Britain,' Edinburj^h, 1702, in which ho ex- 
hauBtively demonstrates that ' there remains 
but ono mode of union, vis. that of being 
united in one body, under one and the «nme 
head, bv n perpetual identitying onencas.' 
3. * A i\'w jtriuf and Modctl: Kvlleccions 
persuading a Just IndulgGnci^ to be granted 
to the Episcopal Clergy and Pt;opk> uf ScoL- 
liiml,' l<03. 4. ' Cntilinunli'ii) of a I'V'W 
Rrii'f and Mmlesr Reflections. Together with 
« Poslstripl vintlicHtiDg the Epiecopal Doc- 
trin.' of PaASire < )bcdietice,' 1 70;J, fl. ' r^oel•ch 
to the rorliamcnt of Scotland, U July 1701 ' 
(on th« Tt-aditig of the queen's speech). 
6. * A Letter from K. C. [Eurl of Cromarty] 
to E. W. [Eftrl of WemyjwJ concerning tbti 
Union, and u Scoond Letlur on the British 
tnion,'17O0. ".'Li-ttertoM.of IV S.'Triu- 
logues: A Conference between Mr. Cnn, 
Mr. Pro, &c., poncrfniing the Union," 1700 
I'nnonymnua). 9. ' Friendly Tteaponati to a 
Letter concerning Sir George Mackensie's 
and Sir John NiAbct's Ob^erA-ations and Ite- 
iponsQ on the Matter of the t'oion,' 1700. 
10. * Several Proposals conducing to a Fur- 
tbLT Uniun of Britain,' 1711. His other 
worksore: 11. 'A Vindication of King Ro- 
bert in from the Imputatiott of Uastardv, 
by thodear Proof of Eilzatxith Muiv (daugh- 
ter to Sir Adiim Mun? of llowallan), licr 
being the First Lawful Wife of Hobert the 
tl, thou Stcwnnl of Scotland and K«rl of 
Stratheni," Edinburgh, 1095. 12. 'Several 
Proposals conducing to s Further I'nion of 
Rritftin,'171I. 13. ' Hiatoricnl Account of 
the Conspiracy of the Earl of Oowriv uud of 
Robert Logan of ReM alrig against James V I / 
1713. 14. *A Vindication of the Same 

\.1 



■ 



¥ 



from Lhe Mistakes of Mr. John An(lor.«rMi. 
prBOebiir of Utimbnrtou, in \ua Defence of 
m^bytBry.'lTU. Ufl«laopubliflLed: IS.'Sy- 
nopsis ApocalyiitiriL, ur n Short uttd I'lmii 
KxpUcntiun of nnniul'v I*rrjpLccv and of St. 
Jobn'ii lUvelation in concert wfth it,' 1707 
(an att«raut to "pply tlm proplirciw* tu wvenbi 
sod to CAl(?iilAtt; l>y vi-nrs ^vhen the ev^nta 
predicted will happen). Uis 'Vindicati<m 
of tbe HoforranlioK of the CUiircli of Scot- 
land, with *omo Account of iho Itecorda,' 
waj» priiiU'd in tlin ' Scot* Mftpaainc ' for 1K)2 
from II muiiusfript in lL« po8*'.-8sion of Con- 
aCaUo. tlio uublislivr. A ' History of the 
Family of MackenEie,' by Sir George Mac- 
kemio, Qrst uarl of CromarlVi is pnntvd iu 
fVaaer's ' Karbi of Croiniirti«,^ ii. 4U2-A73. 

[Sir Qeorge Mackoneio'x M«nioini; Ttumet'a 
Own Tini»; Lftudur or FguntttiDhnir* Hirtori- 
ea,\ Sotiont and TTiiitoriciU ObiorvM (Btans- 
tTn«ClLiI>1; C<trstnr«i Stjita Pupem; Lewklmrt'* 
F«pen; &Iiii.-Iiy'H Meraoin: Branton and Haig's 
SeDaC/>ra of the Ci>llc(;a nt JaMifL\ pp. 346-8; 
J. P. Wo'wi'i Iliitorjr of Cmmond, 1791, pp. 
123-31 : Sir William FniMr'ii KiHtiof Crom&Tli«; 
WaIpoI«'8 Roval and Noble Aothors ; Doufilju's 
8»nish pp«'piii(D (Woud). i. 3fl6-7.] T. i". U. 

MACKENZIE, GEORGE, M.D. (1669- 
l(2otiflc-<>lti^libioffrBpber, linrn in RoM-«liire 
10 Doc. IfiOn, w(i«(»nn i-iftli.? Hon. Colin Moc- 
kentie, who was aacond son of Qeorg« Moc- 
kentiL-, Mconct earl of Seaforth \<\.y.] Ilia 
mother wae Jean Laurie. He 8Uidii.-d nt Aber- 
diX'n riiivcrwlj', whence bo i^mduated to- 
gether with hiM brother Konnoth in 1Q^2 
\Fa*ti Ahent. p. .'ilJO) and hI Oxford, t;"tn- 
|ik-tiD;!f Ilia mt'dicalcumcnliim at Paris. R?- 
lurnitijj, bn(fnulLi«k»d M.I>. iit ,\lipnlunn, and 
liecaniB a infimh<'r of tho Uoyal OnUcge of 
PhyMcianK, Edinburfrh. For a aumbur of 
vesrs he jiractisMl his prfift'ssion in VAm- 
DUTRh, gi*'iu|; his leisure to titeraturt*, and 
AiMiurini? Ri^iK-ral wteem for hia lovaEty us a 
ohiircliman. ,\ victim of ovorn-ork, hu diml 
at Fortrosc, RoMHihite, 28 Nov. 1725, 

Sluckinzic's cliit'f work, entilU'd ' Lives 
and Cbiirjii;t.>'M of lln'iinmt Kminitnt Wrifrn* 
of thuSRoIs Xntion," published in 3 Tola, folio, 
ill 170'^, 1711. and l722rfBpeictively, is elabo- 
rate QiiJ AiiibitiotiMp but (ii'ciL.tionally fanciful, 
and fronuently inacciimte. The laBt volume 
waa dudicot'jxl lo John Law r>r Lsviriston q. v.l 
H» also wrote the lif..i ppttRxi'd to the 'Works 
ofSirnwiiTre -Mackeu2ie(Hf:h{-ltiy2) [q.v.], 
and prepared a f^etlogical hiiitonr of lb«- 
fnniihe* of H^afortb and name of MarUuiuii.'. 
A pap^r bv him on tlio Coatimundi of Rrazil 
U in ' Phi!. Trang. Ahr.* vt. 653. 

[CbMoniaQ Mereary, IB Tine. 1725; Andpr- 
•oa'a Scoltiib Nalion; infonuatioa (roin Mr. 
Omrgo Stronacb, Adv. Libr. Edinb.] T. B, 



MACKENZIE, GEORGE, third Evrl 
01* Cbohabtt (if. 170^), was thu vhlost sou 
of John, second earl, by bisHiHVMid wife, Mary, 
eldtrst daugblor of Patrick Murray, thin) lord 
IClibank. His father, in Ani^Kt It99l, waa 
tried in lUfl high court of justiriary for the 
niiinliir of Elias I'oiret, 9i*ur <le la Rocho» 
at lioith, hnt wa-t noquitl'vl. Tho son 8U< 
woded to the earldom in 1731. On 8 Aug'i 
1T4.^ 1 1 ■> roc five I a l<r I tor from Prince Charlai 
Edward, but ho did not itnmfrdini<dy join tho 
rising in the prince'* fnvotir, iM-iitg^ pomitbly 
aQini'wbut iuflurui't'dhytht'iittitudoofSimoix 
Fraser, lord I.«val ^i. V,l, with whom he was 
in coTTCSpondonee. witl) four hundred of lila 
cinii he, huwuver, with his eon John Maor 
keiicie, lord .Marlwid. joini'd t.hi'iii.'Cond annv* 
which n££embled at Keith.aAertbtiprinoe had 
bit}iiin his marrlt soiilbwuiH* into Fiif{land. 
! Thonco hfi wait aent to FilV to ri>lh'>ct monera 
on behalf of the priu<;e, but on 31 l>ec. re- 
OMved ordere to join thomain army. He super- 
intended tho Irinsporlatiou of th« Vtta> 
artillory across tho Forth for tlM awca 
!jtirliri|f ; and along with his eon, l>ord Mac- 
leod, bo was preaoiu at thw liattle of Falkirk 
on 17 Jan. 17-t(J. On the reln>at of tho Jacob--. 
itM forni-i* from Stirling', the brii^do undev 
Crotnnrty accompanied the divi-tioa conauW 
ing chit.'lly of lowland troop", which under 
Lord Cit'orpo Murray lollowwi tho coast nrnttt 
to Inverness by MouiroaeondAberdeen. Sub- 
sequently, Cromarty took over tba comnuund 
of the Kiirl of Kilmamuck'A lroop«[sott BoTI^ 
Wii.UAU,fourthK*BLovKil.»aiucocc],axkd 
hf for fiomii time held the chief Bommand 
iiorlhof llii^Btviiily. Th« command was ogaiit 
transferred toJamoaDrumnond.tbirtl titular 
duki'ofPt^irtli [i^.T.l, but after thu duk«'sde* 
parture Cromarty r(}mainfd in fominand in 
Sutherland. On 11^ April 17-16 he was snr- 
pri»«d and dofratod at Dunrt<bin by thi> Earl 
of Sutherland's intliiia, and (shortly eftar- 
wards wos taken prisoner by strnta^'em in 
Punrabin Ciutlc. \\v was sunt sonth to Loo- 
don and cinnwilt^d to tin* Tower. Along 
with the Earl of Kilmarnock and Lord BaP 
m<Tino[HCHEi.i'Hixsioxi^.\i,>;x\?ii>i:u,sixlli 
Loud I!*r.MKKiso] h^ wm br.-iii(tJii for trial 
befom the House of Lnnls on I'f! July, and 
wlii'n cnlled up fur judgment on the flOtb 
plettdwl ibat htj hcid won ■ eediic*il from hii 
lovalty in an un^ruarded moment by lb« acU 
nl'diNupcratoand dpsi^ing mt-n.* On 1 An^. 
he was ecu! L-iicud to d>Mi(li aud bis eftatos fop* 
fcitcd, but owinK to the exert ions of bis wife, 
eut>porti'd by the rLipre«vut aliooe of several 
influential 8cotti*h noblf*>, ho on 9 Aii|;. rv- 
cuived a respita OnlSFeb. 174Showaspf>r- 
raitt•^d to Irare tbe Tower and lodffo at the 
bouu of a mesacDgOT, and in Aug'ust foUov- 



ho 

.1... I 



ing wu permiiud to tak« up hia residence nt 
lA^hiUiUeTnDabire. On 4 Oct. 17-19 he re- 
ceiTt!<l a pardon on condition iLai he eltotiid 
ntnuiin in Kiich J>l*c« a* l**^ ibould be directed 
br the binff. He died in I*olund SLr«ut, Si. 
Jimw's, IVwtminstM, 28 Sppt. I'ffll. 'The 
Eari of Cron]arti<>'R private chuactisr,' saya 
tbewriter of luslife in 1740, ' ie rery atniuUf^; 
Im is ertccmcd a polite noblemiut, nnil Afrnble 
in hit temper aud betuTioiir, and baa little 
or DOUiing of tliat austere pridoand himgbti- 
JUM K puculiar to mo«t bif hisnd cbi«f$.' 

By Iu» vifo t«ab«Ua Oordon, c«Iled * Bon- 
nie Bell Gordon/ eldest daujihtor of Sir 
WillUzD OorduD. bari>Di.-t. of liivvrgordoo, 
Rown-wltirr., Cromarty had fhree sons — John, 
lord Maclood [q.v.j, WiUiam. who died 
younfc, and GeoTRe, a cifloncl in tlw 71sl 
ngiment, wlindiix) unmitrriod in 17^1^ — and 
■even daughters. KnjiraviiiKS of the tsarl 
uid touatv«d are given in Fn8er*s ' Earts of 
Cromartie.' 

[5lat« TriiiK xriit. 442-.J30; Life published 
in 1746; The Wholo PiocMdingn in tiie HooM 
«f Ptorn a^insl. Willintn, £m-I of Kilmarnock, 
Ototgt, E«r1 of C'rumartie, and Arthur, Lord 
Balncriao. for HiKh Treaoon ; ftcou Uansin«, 
iree. iiiii. 558; SirWiUiam FraMr** EWb of 
Cromani*; Douf[laa'i Scoitiab PeeragvCWood), 
1.31)80 T.F.H. 

MACKENZIE, GEORGE ( 1777-lWi(i). 
in«U<m)lof^l, waa liorn in 1777 in Suther- 
Uod)>hir«, whew bl^ n.-Iatir}ni> wuru llirivici^ 
fanner-, and where lit in bitt t-arly diiji« 
Icouilvd a largo farm. But tiftet a law- 
auit willi thn factor in tbi- court of teMion, 
in wbirh be won oOCU. damapci, he. cravfi 
upbrmin^ and vnliGted in the Sutherland 
local militia. Eventually \n^ TOiiintti-red iiilo 
tliv Perlhsliiie militia, in wbtch hu continued 
till it -KM diabandiKl ; but he vaa retained 
on the GtalT. and awarded a pension of half 
a crown a day. 

_A« early aa 1802 he bc^n to keep a pb- 
giat«r of atmoitplieric cbiuifir*-*, inMking ril>- 
■ervations in flucfcsfiion at Perth, Edinburgh, 
DoTtfT, London, lladdiniftiiD, Plymouth, 
Tiewcaatle, and I>>ith. Ultimnttdylu-.vttk'd 
at IVttb, where he spent only two bouri a 
day (uBoJally ti a.m. to 7 a.m.)' in bed. It wait 
fourteen years before he was uhK> to form a 
tolcrablv classification of atmofplivric pb>» 
BOOMB^ Uo dijcovorod that the perioillcal 
ooinmencement and Icrminattou ui ycnrH uf 
■oaicity or abundance are undotibt>-illy a>- 
certaiiubU', with tho r«uurTenc« of favour- 
abteor unfavoitntMe aeaaons. In the sptinf( 
of 1819 Mackenzie eaeceeded in forming hi« 
• primary eyclr of the wind*,' nnd in i hat and 
ine fbUowingyeAr he rrcyirod tbt? thanks of 
the EnglislibcMrd of agriculture. Foruoaily 



twenty consecutive yean be circulated an- 
nuallypriuted ' ileports ' or ' Mamiala ' of lis 
obsori'atiouj. HedicdatCountyPlacCiPerth, 
on 1» May 1866, aged 7U. 

Mackencie was author of: 1. ' Th« Stb> 
tem of tW WcntbiT of tho British It.lande ; 
discovered in 1^16 and ISl" from a .frmrnnl 
comtnoncinj; Kor. L^OS," -Ito, Edinbui^ti, 
ll^lri. On recoivinp a prci4.-nlatton copy 
the French Institute accorded a special vote 
of thanks to ^luckecnic, and desired Baton 
von Uumboldc to inaku a report on it. 
2. 'Manual of the Weather fur lySO, in- 
ctading a brii^f Account of the Cyclea of the 
\Viud« aud Weather, nud of the Circle of 
the Pricea of Wheat,' 12iuo, I*3dinbiir|fb, 
1S20. 8. 'ElcmontB of tho CtcIbs of the 
Wind», WVatbtT, and Prio-* o^ Cum. . . - 
AIeo KeportP of the Weather for IfiU and 
1846 . . . with Xotici'B of the Weather in. 
ISM,' 8to, Penh (INIS). 

[P«rthahir« AdvurtiMr. ]{) Mav ISfiO : Wood^a 
QuuDta and lofluenoe of the VeniLer : Gone 
Hag. ISSe. pt. i. p. 667.] O. Q. 

MACKENZIE, Sir GEORGE STEU- 
AHT (17tO-lH4H), inin«ndogl«t, only son 
of Major-gBneral Sir Alexander Maclien- 
xie of Coul, bv his wiie Katharine, daugb- 
ItT of RoK-n iRamMy of Camno, wns bom 
on22June 1780. Ue succeeded to thv baro* 
nntcy on the death of his father in \7VG. He 
tlntl b<.<eauiu known to the Kic-ntilic world in 
IHOO, when be obtained a 'decisivi- pUNif of 
the identity of diamond with carbon 'by a 
Mriifif uf •■xp(;riu)cnl« on tbv formation of 
BIcel by the combination of diamondii with 
iron (^iciluLitON, Journal <?/ Natuml I'hilo- 
M'fffiif. iv. 103-10), In tlu'Si? experiments be 
is said to have made free iiae ofhi:! mother's 
jewels (Mrs. Gokdox, llvme Lifr ./ *> 
Dacid Brrx4t«r,y. 215). A few \wire Iat«r 
he became fellow of the lioyal Koe^etiea of 
I^ndun and Edinburgh, and ultimately prooi- 
dvw't. of the plivwcal eln.«is nf llw inltcr. 

The pupil and friend of Pmfcswr Robert 
Jnmeeon [ij. r.]. MHckeiixie ibroiipbout his 
lifedevotc-d much time to tbeMudy of mino« 
ralo^y and fr^olotry. His interei<t in those 
subjects led him in 1810 to undertake a jour- 
n<y to Iceland, when he wiwaocompanii-dby 
l>r. I at"ierwardfit*ir Henrv) Holland and Or. 
Richard Bright. Sir C'fiarlcs Lycll speaks 
with admirution of ' Ibv uiaguiGccot collec- 
tion of miueraEoginal treasures' which ho 
made during his tmvels {Life t>f Sir VharUa 
t>/fl/,i. I<'i4>). In 1811 wa:t pulitiobed the 
'Travels in Iceland,* the ioint production 
of the three Irsvellere, To this work he 
contributed the narrative of the Toyogc and 
the tnvvU, and the cboplen oq the miD&> 



« 



i 



Mackenzie 



15b 



Mackenzie 



nIogT, rntnl economy, nod commerce of the 
tsloDa. Althougli ibo scLentitic portioiis of 
tii« book have long been «npcracded, it eon* 
taian muoL iuronimtion of permiLueni lute- 
rest on Ltio noctal aud ecnnauiic coDclitioo of 
IcpUiid. It was fiivourablT r«%'iBWL>d by Ro- 
bert Soutlivy (Quariertt/ iiniVit-, rii. 4^-92). 
To illustrate ttie conclusinniB he hnd fnmied 
with rsRard to the avolocy of IcL'liiml, Mnc- 
konzic vinitt'd the l-nroc Iftlnncisin I8l2,and 
OD hia return ruud an account of his obeer- 
vntioriA before ilic Edinburjfh Roval Snci<rlv 
(Jilmk. li6>/..Sor. /■|¥i7M.vii.'iI3-2S). Sh.inlj- 
uftei-ivonls Le drrw up a cart'ful report oq 
the u;||Ticulturc of KoMttnd CYomarty for the 
bnard of agriculturo ('Oouorul Viow of the 
Agrieiihureofl;'issftndCmiiiiirty,'I^IS,Hvo). 
I'roni l&id to IMS he coiilributod aumorous 
pajtord 10 l]ir difrHSfidn nf thr orifnii of the 
' parallel Kinds' nl" Ijochaber, but ilia riews 
which h<i (;x])r>.'"-*ed did tn)) ijnin ncceptiiTicu 
(Piii. Mag. vii. 433-0; FMnh. liotf. &>c. 
JVoc. i. mS, 3U); iVVn*. A>/r I'hi'l. Joiim. 
xliT. 1-12). irp Ak-ii in October 184^ 

Muckfuiif miirried, first, H June iW2, 
Mary, filth daiiL'hter of Donald Maclcod of 
Ui'iuiivs, Khtrij] <if Ki.<ts!!-shire, by whom ho 
had Sfveii .lona flnd ihn^e doughlera. Un her 
drath (L3 Juri, Its35) he married, swoiidly, 
Kuthiirjnt', kormit] dnughtvr of Sir Ilciirv 
Jardine of Uanvond, and widnw of reptain 
John SlR-yt, Tt.A., by ivhom be had one kjh. 

In addition to thn works mcntinneii nbovf* 
tlie following books and popers may be 
nolict-tl: 1. 'TMaiiw on the Dincfticn and 
Maiiu{jeiii«nt of Sheep. Vtith ... an Ap- 
pt-rdix contaiaiug documi'iits t'\hibitiiiff the 
value of lilt) mfriiio brwd.' EnviTnvjis, IwO', 
SxtK 2, 'An iisMT on some Subjects con- 
mwted with Ta:^lL',' Edinburgh, li^lT: 2nd 
mdit, 18-12. S, ' lUuMnilionw t-f Phn-nKld^ty. 
AVith Engruvinpi," Kdiiiburgh, l»iK), ^vo. 
4. 'Docuniriilti Inid bpfoiv , . . Ijyrd lib'ti- 
dg . . . ralafivt* to the Convicts eent to 
New South Wnh-*,' EdiuburRli, 183rt, Svo. 
fi. 'Genffn! DhAr'natinns on ibf! I'rinriph'-^ 
of Educaciou, &c.' Ediuburiich, 1 .*.■)((, li'ino. 
6, 'On the moAi IJwtnt ItiAturbninv of tho ' 
Cnist of the Earth in resjM^t to its Si4rsr'"-''t- 
tog an I lypothwis to Account for I be Origin , 
of GUciora' (Eiiini. KrwPAH. Joum. xxxiii. 
1-9). 

[AntboriliMfinolod; BoHtes DaroD«litge and 
FWrwv, ' lUiK-kmKif of Coal ; ' John Kny'a Ori- 
KiDal roninits, 1838. ii. 404: Royal iSoeivly't 
CUalo(ri« of Ketrnlilk I'hpcra.j \V. A. 8. U. 

UACKENZIE. HENKY (174&-l83l>. 
novelist and miMclluncous writer. wn« bom 
in Aug'Ut 174') Bt J->linburgh, ub<>r« his 
father, Joahua Mackenzie, «a« • physiciaa 



of eminence. His mothf-r was MarpirpT-, 
eldetit daughter of Hugh Itoee of Kilravock*. | 
of an old NnimRhiro ^axsuly (Muaxz, LaudeiAl 
GMtry,-p. 11^9). 111! waa educated at tbs 
bighschool and uuiversity of Iiii nalivf I'itr,! 
and ui boyhood showed i^> much intclUgenca..] 
thnt he wait aUowt^d to bvprvstrnt,aan wrt of] 
amateur page, at the literarrtea-putiea tliPit/ 
the fashion in IDdinburgb. He was arliclȣ ' 
to an ?idinbitrgh ttoticitor, inordertoncquii 
n knowledge of exchequer business. In J 76A ' 
ho wont to Ijondon to atudy the nu^rliods of 
Kn^Uitli ejcchtKiULT prBciiee.atid returning to 
Edinburgh bacauw? th« partner of his fonuee 
employer, Henry Itevid Inglis [(). v.]. whom' 
fav succL-vdi.'d as utlorm-y for the crowu lii.'i 
Kcollnnd. He soon began to write a. aenli- 
ineutal Dovolt larg\^>Iy under the iuflueneu of 
Stern^e. l!.wn«i'nlil]«d ''rim Mnuof Fi-*ding,'' 
and ilE style vas remnrkahle for perepiauitvj | 
}liit the een^ihilily bad a tendency to groiwi ^ 
lackadniaical,aud book^ellt^rs long declined tc 

fiublish it even as a gratoi tons offering. At 
bngth, in 1771, it app«>«red ationTtnouslT, 
and the impression it produced waa rety 
EOon compared to that mado at Paris hy 
' La Kouvclle HCIoiw.' Subiscquvni ly u Mr, 
Eccles, a young clergyman of Bath, waa 
templL'd t'j claim tta aulbortihip, and in sup- 
port nf h!« pn't«wi(in prDdufiil, an thu nri* 
giiinl manuficript of it, a transcript of the 
wiirli ii)nd(i br hitnself, with erasures and in- 
terlineations. Though Mackt^nziospubliAhora 
issued a formal coniradicliou and discloeed 
hiare'.«ponitil>ililT. yet on tlie death of Ecclea 
in 1777 bii epituph oj^nod with the line; 
' Beneath this atone the Man of Feelins lies' 
(BoswcLL, Jt/knsan, 1848 ulit. p. ll>2 and 
brother's notul. In ITTIl appeared, also 
DUonYmouslv. Mackenzie's 'The Man of tits 
\\ orfJ.'lJit'lieroof whirH wiutliitji^nded to b* 
a rtriking contrast to ■ The Man of Feeling;* 
hilt itH coniiilicated plot and its tedious length 
injured its literary value. In 1 777 appeared, 
tuain anonyoiously, Mackcnxie's patbetia 
'.inlia de Itoubignf-,' a novel iu letters, aug* 
c*^!!^ by a remark of Lord Kodics [«e« 
Homc.Hrjtbt] that a morbid excess of senti- 
ment, nattmdly good, often brought tnisfor- 
ttm^ Hn<l misery on llio»e who indulged in it. 
Talfnurd, like Christopher Xotth. regarded 
'.)ulia'asthemo«c*deligblfal'uflhi<aulhcr'a 
books. Allan Cunningham found it < too 
mefaUKbDly to read.' 

MMnwbite in I77S Tklackenxifl had mic* 
eeciAiUy protluced a tntgnlv, 'The IVinwiof 
Tunij^'at the Winburgb Theatre, nisother 
pUyawoTp ibo ' Sbipwreek,'aTerfion of LiUo'a 
•Fatal Corimity," 'injudiciously spun out t<? 
fir* act».' nrosented at Covent O'ardcn lOFeb. 
17»3; 'Thv Fcroe of Faaliion. a Comedy* 



Mackenzi( 



»5> 



Mackenzie 



n788>: •ndllie*Whit«lIrpocnt«'07^)- 
Tbeee were sU ansuccefi&ful (cf. CiBicisr, vi. 
aiO; Gflt*. ,lf<yj. 1831, i. 183). 

Alkdieiuie belongvd to a convivinl niid liiiv 
tmrj club all the m«inben of which, t-xi!«itt 
hmaeU'. were jovag Edinburgh sdTociitvA, 
andathia«ugg««AioDtli»y««t«bbiib«clawvi9Llv 
peiiudical aa tlia tnodul of the ' Spectstor'.' 
it wunntitU-xl th«'.MitTnr,'sDdwae thv (io-t 
£cottuh periodical of the kiiiil. [t A]ip<''Art>d, 
under MaeketuJeV 6UpcriD[«Dderice, weeklv 
Aom 23 Jan. 177» to ■J7 May 1 780, wlit^n i't 
jpratreiflsuediavolumoform. Of ihuliundrMi 
^Lod ten jMpent which it oonlomed, furl j -two 
were wntt«n by Mncl«^nEi4>. f ►cciisionully ho 
ii>Uowed fo eloMlv iu Addi^uti's roott^tvjm m 
tawaggtst plaftuuum (cf. yutt^ ami Queritt, 
Mt ter. ii. 3:i&). Amonfr Muckeaxiu's chief 
^ontributioiui w^n- tn-n pathetic HtoHtt*, 'I.h. 
Rochi'/ oQt> of lhi< diamclerfi in whi«b vaa on 
idiodianl pnrlniilurn of Mitcketute's frifltitt, 
David Hume tht; philoanph<>rt and 'I^uihh 
VvnooL' Ilotb tsti^s were translated into 
Fruwh and Tts1i«n, nnd of thr mitny n-pnnt« 
of them, that in Tol. i, of 'C'la»4ic TaW, 
SerintM and Lircly' (1806), ia noticeable, 
beeatitc Lei^h Hunt, the editor of ibu evrics, 
prefixed to It a diwritninaling euay on the 
writiugsandceniusurMtckuiziv. ^Icctious 
ttaa thf ' Mtrriir,' with a euIogUtic notice 
of Mat-ki-'niie, wtire publishod at London in 
182B by Robert TAtiam 'f\. v.] With the aid 
<jf fonner cnntrihntors ro The 'Mirror,' and 
agais onder Hackenno's superintendence, a 
periodical of the «am« kind, 'The Lounj^r,' 
wag isued from Feb. \~i^> to 6 Jan. 1787. 
Of ila hundred and one papers, fifty-ceveu 
wre wriit«-n by Mavkvnxic Onv of llicm, 
that forU Dec. 178tt, vasagloxriu^ tribulflo 
cIm gsaiiuof fitims. the first edition nf who«e 
-ponDa had b>^n pnb]i»h«d in tlw prvc^-din^ 
Jnlyr and it ioduded an appeal to thf^ Sott- 
tub public to tixcrt il««lf to avert Burns's 
con I em pi at fd migration to the Wcmc Indii'j. 

Mscketuie was one of the earliest mem- 
tier* of the Roynl Society of Edinburi^h. In 
volume ii. of its 'IVaDiuctions' was puhli«hi-d 
hi* * Acconnt of I he Gt-rman TheatrB.'a w\t«t 
, .jvad befon it 31 April 1788. lie did not 
then kiMw Uermsu, and hi« acquaiutauce 
wilh thecoat«inpomry (ierman drama waade- 
lircd wlrlyfromFretich tnmslatioiiB. >'evcr- 
'thaleaa hii pajJCr vxciU-d ta much alt<-nlion 
that 8ir Walter Scott aacribed to it the be- 
ffinniRfr in SotUnd of ihat K^rnK'ral interest 
-in Oerman lit^ratura which had eonutrked 
an effect upon himself (IvOCXMAUT, Life of 
S^H, ISTjO pdit. p. o6). It is !aid that,aAer 
Mtndyir^ Gt-rmao, Mackeiicie ptiblohvd in 
1791 ' uanslalions of the Set of Uonea by 
XaaJjDg, and uf two or tbivu other Dramattc 



Pieces' (ct AtxnoVB, Diet. p. 1177), hut 
there is no tracL* of tho work in llio cata- 
logitL* of the Dritith .Muwitm i..ibrurv or in 
itat of llitf Edinbui^h Advocah-Y Library. 
Anionjifhift otliRrcoHiribnlions to the 'Trans- 
actions of the Edinburgh Uoyal ftnciefy ' Vfcra 
memoirs, in thi- 't-olume for ITyU, of Lord 
Abercn3mby.theScotti»!ijud|^',un.! Williom 
Tvtirr of Woodhouselee, Ihu champi'.m of 
Mary Qneen of Scot«. Mackenzie was also 
onu of the most acrivumombcrsof tlio Hijrb- 
laiid Society of Scotland. To vol. i. of ita 
Triie Enaya and Transactions' (1709- 
l>*'ii) he opntributed as ' Account of its In- 
stitution and Princinal Proci^ilinkr*,'B"d to 
each of ihu eaccwduf live volumes an ac- 
count of its priiicijHil pnicocdinp dtiring tha 
pi-riod vmbntced in it. He was theconveoer 
and chairman of ita committee appointed to 
ini|uirc into the nature and aiuLcaticity of 
thi- jKM'm^ of Ossion, and drew up its report 
(publiahed iu It^OfV), the gist of which was 
that .Mucphersou had ^>ally altvr^'d and 
add<-d to fra|7mcnt« of p-jetrv whicli were re- 
cited in the highlands of Soollund us tho 
work of Oaman [aefi MACniElt.'toT;, James, 
17;K^17901. 

Macketixiealsowroto much, thoufrh always 
anuDvmously, on contprnporary pnhtics. Of 
lii« pulitical writinpn the only one which he 
subsequently acknowled^^was hi.* elalKuate 
deft'Hpe of Pitt's policy, in a ■ Keview of the 
Principal Proceedings of tho Parlinmcnt of 
L78I,' which he wrolo at the instaiiou of hia 
friend Uuniy Uundas, lirst viscount Melville 
[q. v.] According to his own statement it 
waa'aoxionalynsviMKl andmmcted'by Pitt 
himttelf. 'Thi! Letters of Brutus to certain 
tVlrbratM Puliiieal Cbaractvn,* i«»u«H} col- 
lectivelv in 1771, and strongly Pittite in 
tonv, >rnckeDsie coatribuVed to the 'l-^in- 
bur^h Herald' in 17WI-], Another volum*, 
' Audiciouol Letters of Urutus,' brought 
them down to February 17^3. In 179S ap> 
pt'ared, vUU anooymoui^ly, hi« nbridgmeut of 
the dopre«iatorv ' Life of Thomas I'ame, by 
Fmucis Oldrs,' one of the iweudonyms of 
Georgw Chalmers fq. v. J Mackeniie'a ser- 
vices to the oonatitiitinnal cauac, as it was 
ihon called, were rvco^Ised when, in ]$&!, 
thmufihth<! joint. iHlliii-itrpcif Henrj' Dundas 
and George Hose, lie "ifaa appointed to the 
ludatire office of comptroller of taxes tor 
Scotland, which he held until his death. It 
required and received Jrom him unremitting 
pe(^<onaI attention. 

In ltK>7 hi$ three principal flclioos, with 
some of bis talcs snd sketches in the 'Mirror' 
aud the * Louiigvr/ were iseuvdat Edinburgh 
in three volumes as 'The Worko of Henir 
Mockenxle.' There being only the printer* 



Mackenzie 



15a 



Mackenzie 



and not ft'pdUBllieT'K name on the litle-pa^, 
the edition Bp]M!a» to bnve l>een a surrep- 
titious one. Accordiiiffly, iti ihe rollowing 
yearMnrkciiii'-iio'ued an eililion rjfluB'Mis- 
cellaneoUB M'orliB,' in eipht valiimeM. It con- 
tnini.'rl, in nrlilition tn jnoMf. of lint wriltr)^ 
iHfiTninriPii in lliis art if le, the lifc of ThnmaH 
Blacklocli 'q. V.J iirtfixifJ to llw edit ion of 
Bljicl! look's iiocnis i.wiu'd in l"S>3,with Bomn 
poems and iirBiuaTic pieces. His only sub- 
seqiicnl work of «nv iiotf vns )ii4 nccouiit 
of ihf life of Jolin lianie [^q. v.], wbiclj waa 
read bd'wf fl«^ Ufval tjociely of Edinburcli 
S3 June 181:;, and which, with e.u oppendiT, 
wia pn-fixcd to thv li^2'2 cdltioii of Uoiiii.''8 
* Works.' 

During his lnt(>r yi.>nni Mu«l«jiisiu accnpicd 
A unii[tif iiiisitiiiii ill Kdiiihnr);;!] nrid Sritltii^li 
BOip.iety, llfl v,-h» u connL'pting Uiili boiween 
BUCCeiwtA'Pffeneralions. lie li«d xlint almoi^t 
everj-kind of giitiicnn Inndwhicti hclivwlto 
see coTered hytbe Now Town of Edinburgii. 
Ho had been th<! intimate friend of mich 
Scott iitb titvrnry ceb'briltesof the eighteenth 
century as IJavid Hiune, John Home', and 
Koberlt^on tlic hieturinn, uud hv sun'ived to 
enjiiy the friMiilnhip of Sir Walter Seolt and 
to witness Ibe d^cclint' and fiiU of his fortunes. 
Loclthart (pp. 43l*, 433) givps a. sketcli of 
Macki^nzif! la his feventy-eisl b year taking 
part at Abbotsford in a hunting ^.tpi'diriim 
wilh Sooll, Sir Humphry l>avy, and Dr. 
WoUaston, He wore a wUite hat turned up 
with ftretin, p-fH-n spi-rtaplca, gT<>en jflrl'.-t, 
long bronci leather gaiters, and a dog whistle 
round bis neck. ' Mack)-n£ic, ap<rctAck'd 
thouj;h h« was, saw the fintt siiltng bare, 
gave the word to s!ip the dogii, ond spurred 
after them Liko a bov.' 8cott. who culls him 
*Th« NonhiTU Addison,' heard litni, in hia 
eightieth yrar, n-ttd n paptT on 'Dreams' be- 
fore tlin lioviil SiK-ii'Ij' of IC4linbiir)fli, ami 
de>.icrihe-i him as lieinjr still a sportsman and 
an angler, kt-enly iuttn-ntcd in htrnituro, nnd 
*tbt-Iif>'i^fcnmpanv, with anecdotes and fun" 
(i*. p. My>. 

Hlftckt-niio died U Jan. IftSl. Pi^ had 
married in 177*1 Miss retiaol (rrant, daiinb- 
ter of Sir I..(idovick Grant, by whom lnhnd 
clcTcn rhildrcn. ^.nrt^ T'lclibiini [M^nmriaU, 
edit, of lW)i!,ii.2H'i) spt-aks of I hf' excellent 
ConTcrsation, of his 'ogrwahK' family,* and 
of his 'gO'ideieiiiiit'P'>-''ties,' which made hi* , 
bouse ' one of the pliCdsantcM.' ' The titlo of i 
"Tlj« Man of Ewliiig,"' Lon.1 Cockbum adds, 
'Adhered to bimever after the ptiblication of I 
thkt novel, and it is n good example of ihe 
difl^rence there mnietimeA ia between a man 
and bin work. Straogera used to fancr that 
lift must Im- a pncrile, »«itiiii«otal Hart^y'-- 
the Man of Fading of Its &eIion— ' wbera» 



he was far bclter—a bnrd-headed, pmctioal 
man, es full of practJH^I wisdom a« mo6t of 
bi>' tictittouB cbiiraclen an; deToId of it, and 
ttiia without impairing tbn nflV'Olionate sof^ 
ness of his heart. In person be wa* ihin, 
«ltrivL-1K'd,aRd yvHow, k)ln*dried with smok- 
ing, with (kirai-thine,whi'n utt-n in profile, of 
tbfl clever, wicked look of Voltaire." 

A fine portrait of Mackenzie, by !^ J. 
Watfron Gordon, is in the poascssioD of 
Mttssra. Black ie it Kon of Kdinhui^h; it waa 
engraved byS, FrwmanforChambeTs'fi'Eiili-- 
went Scotsmen.' An'.tllicr portrait, by Rai^ 
burn, is in the National I'ortruU (iallrtij, 
London. A ihiril poriniit, by W. StaTclej, 

Itainli^ for Li>r<3 Cniig in \VSx\, nnd a bust 
ly Samuel Joeeoh are in the National Por- 
trait Onllery, ICdinburgli. 

fM-ickmiir-'nwriringii; Sir Wnllnr Scott's Mia- 
oolliiHwiiKPrvwWprliii t841),tol. i.and Journal 
ii.Sil); Chntnlx-rs'.iI^mim-ni^^reiDaii; Magitm't 
Works, tKSo, 1. 2«!- tiexit. Mag. 184B. ii. ftOA; 
Wilftou'sNoctofiAiiibrusiiuiie. passim; Brit. Mas. 
Cut., irhitb vmngLyrrvdilshiinKiUi avortill 
ijovfl. Tie Moil JF Honour. IH34; Aut)ianti«» 
cit«i.l F.E. 

MACKENZIE, llENRY (ie08-]87K>, 
bifiliojj t^ufTra^D of ^^Dtting]tam, the fourtii 
and youngest son of John .Miicki-nzir, mer^ 
chant, deeceuded from the Markenii^; clan of 
Torridim in Ho»s-sliia>i woe bom 10 King*» 
Arms Yard, Coletnan Sin-et, city of Lon- 
don, 16 May IHOS, He was educated at th« 
MeTrhant Taylors' feclioni under Dr. Cherry, 
Uwin^lo the death of hisfatlK^rhelun (mJiouI 
early, and engaged for some y ear:! in comme^ 
ci&l punuits ; but in I8;K) lie onturvd Pom>-. 
broke College, Oxrnni.whfre hi- bnd Dr. Jeuno 
[q. %'.],auhi^t^ucn|]y bishop of Peterborough^ 
as his tutor, and formml a lifi-loug friendship 
with John Jackson ilJ^U-lHS.'i) q. v. 1, after- 
ward* bishop iif Lincoln aod of London. lie 
took an honorary- fourth cla-sa in ISJtl, gra- 
duating .M.A. in'iSab and DM. in \^m. la 
1834 ho was ordain»?d to thr curacy of Wool 
and Lulworth, on the south cosM of Dorset, 
and in the nrrt year acccpfed a t«'mporarT 
engagement en chaplain to ihc- Knglivn reiti- 
dfutr! at HoCtvnlam. C-harles Jamt« Blom- 
field [q. v.], liii<bopof London, came to l{ott«^ 
dam to confirm, and at once disoemed his 
high gtfis and promise. Ketuming to Kag- 
Innd. MackenxK' in I^W becnrnc curate of J 
Si. PetcrV,Walwonh, whence lir n-moved in 
18^7 to I he magtershipof Bancroft "b Hoepiia], 
Mile End. and bivoming **vrv\Kry to the com- 
mittee ftir t he erection of ten new rburchc« in 
Bcthnal Green nmtributed largely to I he sue- 
eesa oflhatenlerpriw. In l!--10he waAmado 
incumbent of th<' densely populated riverside 
pari«hof!!t.Jam<e«'e,Bermondser. Whileat 



f 



B^TnioiKliwirb^BwnedthefriencUhipofFredid- 
rick Denisnti Maurico fq. v.], iben chaplain 
gf GiiyV Hiwmtal. Jkl«iiri<:a rnrom mended 
him [0 Ttean Pellew [q. v.l of NorvricU for 
the important care of Gneot Yarmoutli, (o 
which nv wa» ti]i|>nintM in It'M. Mackeniie 
wu rt-cBUtd to I»n<ioii— to the recton- of St. 
MartiiiViii-thc-ric-ld*— by ISislioii Hiomficld 
in 1&48. In IfOG be wait appointed byLord- 
^AnccUar CnLowonb [see ItoLFE, Robert 
MoosBT, 1700-1666] to tbu well-endowed 
liTtDfT <'f Tydd Rt. )larv, i» Ihn Fen« of Lin- 
cnliuhir^, nearWiBbecli, niscoUptrL' friund, 
Kafaop Jack«>ii. nbo in 18-VJ bnd succeeded 
Kshop Kavf <|. v.] in iht-iw-p of Lincoln, made 
Kim on« of hli examining cbaplainit iii 1S55, 
and in DnV^ collnli^d liim In tbit »n^bi>ndal 
staUofI>i^htonE<:clesia,nncebfl(ll)y(4oorg« 
Herbert [q. v.] As bifthopV chaplain 1il> dt*- 
liTend coutMS of loctur«fl on pamoral work 
totbecandidntes for holy orders, wliich were 

Subliahed in ISija. On tht- elctaiion of Dr. 
vn-mie [t\. v.] lo ihc dwint-n- of Lincoln in 
ISfU 111' itiicc«raMl him aa subdi^an and canon 
rMidentiary.and on thi-dratli of ArclidL'flCoii 
T\'ilkin» in If^fifi ws* apjiointed to ihc urrh- 
dMOonrr of Notiintrham, pxcluin^fing ihu lu- 

'enrtivelitinpof TyH'l forth* |iiwrly undimr-il 
teeloi^' of South Oollingham, iiaar Newark, 
in order that he might beonii- resident within 
hit atcbdcaconrTp*. In l!*70 rh*" lon^-dornianl. 
offict- of bi^briptiifrnMran was revived in him on 
the nom Lnatiou of Itishop CbriilopbDr Word^ 
Worth, Ri»faop Jackaun'H Kticccs^r in the see 
of Linniln, and Uf was oori-tecrated as bishop 
mflfrapan of XoitiDgbara at St. Mary'i, Not- 
tin|[hHtn, by BiKho|> Jn>ckMiii on ibi^ feast of 
the Purification. 2 Fsb. 1^70. The rt-Tival 
of ibe oHico of bi^bop i^nlfra^n, aftw miim 
than ihn-tf c<-ntnn<:-A' suspfn'iion, wa^ not at 

'fim popular. The county of Nottinijliani ee- 

■ pecially n'asdi<tpo«edton'f;urd it#o]i'ii)if;blM 

■ on bt-iog' made ot<t to the oaru of a ' cur&te- 
biahop.' Hut, cart-ful nerer to orcratop hi* 
ntbordinate n?UlionstohiBdioc<:«an,Alacken- 

i nainiaincd lh» offirt- with tniedignitr, 

^and aerurt'd for it gcn'^ral respect. In IH^l 

be exchanjred CoUinpUam for ihi.' jii-rprtital 

mtaey of Scofton. nfor ^Vnrlwop, winch hfl 

«bo roii^ed in 1H73 to devote liimj-elf cx- 

>c1iu(V»It to hi* episcopal duties. Thi?<' hf 

l.oaotinned to fulfil till p^win^^ yt^nrs and in- 

) flymitiealed tohis r«signation at the beginning 

0flP78. 

In cDOvocatioD, of which he becnrai* a inera- 
bcr br cWlion in IHS? and by otBce in ISBti. 
few m«n did more rsri'.'d and uiurv uti'ful 
work. Hf^wBAaUiiaprominent finun-alMtve- 
rml Church ('ongTesw«,eapecially ihatatXot- 
tin^harn. Hedied.almntttcuddvnlr.on I'tOct. 
Iffjd, aad was bttricd at South Colliogham. 



Mackcnzii! was twic«- nnrrted : lir^t, to 
Elizabeth, dnugliier of Robert Ridley, eeq., 
of KftSMjitibo, by whom he Lad om- daughtciT ; 
and, wfondly, to .\niuiuull«.dauglit'.Tof Sir 
JanifH H. Turing, sometime her uiajesly'ii 
consul Bt Itoltemam, by whom bti Im tax 
wins and fivt- ilnuglitcni. 

Besides sarmons, chnrges. and ncf*sioiml 
IMUnphk'ts, aud tb<> 'Ordination I.^rctURw' 
i.l'"**), M*ckeni!ii> puhlisIiiMJ : l.'Thp Lift) 
of Offa, King of Mercia,* It^lO. 'J. * A -Short 
Commentary on the fiospcls and Aet*,' 1(^7. 
a. 'TbiMighls forHoureof ReiiremeMt,'18(M. 
4. 'Mediwlionson I'aalm xxxi.' fi. ' ilvmoa 
and Voraca for Sundays and Ilolydays,' ICTI. 

[Pbnwinal knorlod^i- ; phT»tc information: 
Olinc*, ie~1 6 Oct. 1878: Guardian, Octobn-ISTS.I 

E. V. 

MACKEXyZIE, JAMES (ltW)P-1761>, 

fhj-siciiin, bom ribotit lt)80, wa* odiicnted at 
^iinhurgh Lniveraitv, wae entered at the 
university of Lcydenl.'t March 1 7<X)(Z^rf*n 
Wii(fmfc.p.W).ujid was fiib»«.iueiilly elected 
a fellow ot the HoyaJColltCe ofl'liysiciflnsat 
Edinburgh. Hfi nnivii>t.'dfor luuiyyean ia 
WorMMitiT ' with high rrpntation and *uo- 
rew^,'and he gained moiiy learned nud influen- 
tial frieii'1«, uicUiittiw i-', M. dn ('iinta '<\. v.] 
and Lady .Mary Wort ley Montagu. InlNQbe 
was consul ted, togetliiT with Philip llr>ddrigo 
[q. r.'i, by luuie Maddox "o. v.], ttn.-n bisliop 
of ^Voroe•te^, respecting ine lomndaiion of 
Worcester Infirmary, and he was attending 

fihyaician at that in^tilnlion from its itsta- 
diahment until hln reCirfim-ut from practicM 
in 1751, when he settled in Kidderminflter. 
Tho bishop wnil* him iin aiToctionutt^ letter 
as a stimulus *tn ui^^fulneiu, even in retire- 
ment,' and in 17S^ be respondtjd by prodycing" ^^_ 
'Tb« ni«rr.rv of Ilralth and tb.- Art iif Pro ^H 
sening it,' Ldinburgb, ^vo, dedicated to the ^^M 
bi»hop, commencing with a succinct account 
of man's food Uiforv tliu fall, and coritalniiir 
auiumaries of the general rules of health laia 
down by i^rnini-nt physicians from Mo«M on- 
n-Krdn. Thi-re are »iimn cunoun nolc^ on 
British writers on health, including Sir 
Thomas Elyot, Tlmmiii' AlorKnn (Cognn?), 
Kdmiind IfollTngs, Willinm Vaiigban, Tbo> 
maji ^'enner, fcdward Mavnwariiig, Phnyer, 
Riilli-yn, and lastly, Arhutlniot ntid .Mend. A 
third Hlition appeared also at Kdinbiirgh m 
17 W, bearing fruits of Mnckenxie's friendiibrp 
with lh).> M'ortlcy Montagus in the shape of 
aa nppi-ndix, contniuing ' A Short and Cluar 
Account of Ihe ('oramoncement, IV>(rrei«, 
Utility, ni>d PrupLT Mtiuugeniunl of InocuI&E- 
ing the Small Pox ii* a valita)>l>- iininrh of 
Prophvlaiis.' A I'rench tmnMalion hod ap- 
peoreclat thellnguein I7'>11. Mnckenneal»o 
wrote ' ERMiys and MHitationa on Varioua 



iJ 



Subjucts,' a piouB volumti publlsheil poe- 
tliiimouHlv at tiiinbiirgli iv. I76;j, and he ton- 
IrJLutt'd ' History of u Cumpk-tu Lu^Ltiliou 
<if iJiw Tlii«h' lo ' I'jKsayA ami tHisennlimis, 
Pbyfiicaland Literary' (1766, ii. 317). Mac- 
Icctuiu divd at Sutt'in CuldJivliJ, Warwicli- 
aliiri', on 7 Aug. I'fil. 

[Cfuiinlieni'B Worccsw-ritliirc Biogropliy. pp. 

S4U-A0: Oeni. Mug. 17(11, p. 38ti ; Nichnlan 
■Ut.AiK^ ii. 30S: WhUh liil.1, Brit. ii. 630; 

Wooil'd Ailttuw, rQ. Uliss, it. 19; Mm^kviuic'v 
.book in linL, Mub.] T. S. 

MACKENZIE. .TAMF.S ARCnniALT) 
STUAliT-\VOH'ri,EV.LoKnWii\io(cuyra 
(irr6-18».5). [See SirART-"\VoBTtBY.] 

MACKENZIE, JOHN (ia48P-1690), 
Irisli divjuu, was liAni about llUfi nt Lnvv- 
crosa, nuor CJ'ii>kati)wn» co. Tyrone, on a farm 
Mtill in tliti |KK*aL*!MtLOn uf th» family. After 
nucli achnol edticatioa as tho pliice oSbrdud 
lie -KM liceniwd to pTBB^ tw tile preabylflry 
of I>owr, r>f the »vni>ri of Ulster, In lBr3 
h«was nrdfliDed miuister of thocongpi'jration 
of l>orri'loran or Coobstown, where his uti- 
pood WHS iihout 1*/. piT iiiiuuia {Hocordr g/ 
the iJmrral iVi/Horf of L'Ufer, i. 8), with & 
farm val iii^d ut t/. or 9i. Ut> waa one of the 
<>i)(ht jin-shyti-riiiti r-h-rgvnvfn wlio took rti- 
iugti in Londonderry in ItSS^. Kemnining 
thtre (lurinj; Uil- siegw, lie became chaplain 
of \Vii.lk(r'Arofrimfnt,and repiilnrlyoli'icmtfd 
at tlitj prusbTlerian st-nicea in the cathedral. 
A smrtll Yohim" of Mapkunrif's manimcriiit 
sermons now bQlongalci ihuKuv.J. K.Liidic 
of Cookstown. Some of them are markt^d 

■■'Utrry,' and wore uviduncly pnmcli»l thtTu 
<luriu{ir tlie *iege. In lUe ' Loiidfirina' ' Mactur 
MackcuEit'' is du#cribi'd as linvin^ ' tau^bt 
(Jift army to fcur Gud* |{rent nsmt'.' Aft'-r 
tbe ffliof of ■Dorry bo returned to hia minis- 
tnttinos nt r«^>oki>lu-nra and to bis borne at 
Iinwcrrtss, ■whrn> 3i«i'ftntJnu*d to reside nntil 
his death iu H\V6. He was buriudinlJlerry' 
lornn chiirchynnl, wlien-bia crave, unmarked 
by liny Mone, U Mill poinlt^u out. 

MnckciiziL' is best known hy IiU publicn- 
tion^i r<.^{;urdiii{; thi.' bietury of tbi< »k^ of 
Dorry. (.Jwriit; VValkt'rliitviudc publishi^d bia 
*Tnto Account," .Mack^niie in ItSDO iwiiod 
bie ' Nurmlive of I lit- Siriru of Londondtirrj-, 
or the late Mctniirahli; Tmn^iiurttonN uf that 
City faithfully rt-prefaentud to Koctify tha 
Mii>Iiik4-.-> und Siipiilv ibi.i Omiwoni* of Mr, 
Walker's Account (ill pp.. I^ondnn, IfiDO; 

, tepiililiiilird ut ])f]f»«t, iHlil, with an intro- 
duction nnd roli-j* by W. IS. Killt-n, t>.D.) 
In iliic hi? Rives a totally diffvrvnt version 
of many of ilic event* of the Biepe, strips 

- Walker of much of the ({lory which bo had 
given to himself in his own accoiuit, and 



funuBhes a considerablt! amount of informa- 
tion not ols(;-ivh«Ri acce&sibt«. Befora pub- 
li«liiiig i\m 'Nurrativc' Mockt^UKiv ruiul iL 
over to several of the officers who had twlu±n 
part in the defence of the city, and uhlained 
thitir iwHimt to it. An niiniivtnous venit-i 
having nttacked the 'Xarrative' in a pam- 
phlet ontilK-d ' Mr. John Mackeiuie'e Narra- 
rive of the Sie^ of Londomh-rry • iolw 
Libel,' Mackenzie replied in * l>r. N\'allier's 
Invisible Champion ioiled, or au Appendix 
to the lato NsmitivA of ibu 8iii^> oi Uvrry, 
wherein all the Argiuaents oflVrvd in a lai* 
Pamphlet to prove it a falae Libel are Ex- 
amined and l{ufuted'( 13 )>p.,Luudou, 1000). 
Tlii.t ttTmiiiati'd thiJcoutr»\trsy. 

SWilhnniw'H HistoriciJ nnd Literary MenKV 
(t of Pmlijluriauixn iu InUud, Ut Mr.; 
Keid'a Eiatory of lh« Preabyt«riaB Chorch in 
Ircliiud ; Vntate to the NiirnUiTB; tnfurmaLMia 
sapi^dicd lu the writer by the Uav. J, K. Leali^ 
CMketown.] T. H. 

MACKENZIE, .70IIN, l/xust Maolboo, 
Cot.vT CiiuMARTt ill the Swedish peenura 



(1727-1789). mnjor-KCllifirAl in tho British 
'» 1727, wae eldest of the twelve 



army, bom m 

children of Geor)?e, third earl of Cromartj 
'ai. V.J, and bis wife Isabella, d&u)|rhter uf isir 
Wilimii) (iordrtii, bart., of Inv«rrgordou, ami 
preat-prandfioii of George Mackt^iiziCiTLEcount 
Turbnt nnd var! of Croronrly fq. v.] Ilia 
pdncaTion wfia siipi^rinf^ndiil by his uncle, 
ItoberC Daadaa of .Vmistoun [q. v.], lord pre- 
sident of the- court of acaaion, and hi« tlireo 
tutors became miniaters of tbo church of 
Scotland. II i§ father joined tli« Stuart cauaa 
in 174-% and Miiclcod, who waa only etghtoco, 
re f lined a goverouiMut commiiwion oBnna 
him by ForlwH of CnHodsn and embcacod 
with ardour tV' »itU» of the n-bels, Alung 
with his fnthi?r he jointid thp s«:ond array at 
Perth, On I I*ec. be marched from Perth 
to I'limblnnc, al^i^r wbieh la-took posausion 
of the brid);^ of Allan. l>uring a visit to 
(ilfispowhe wns, on 12 Jan. I74t>, introduced 
to Priucc Clmrk-:* Edward, whom he accom- 
ptinitid frara Cilaaijow to the arm\'a head- 
qunrti-rs at Stirlinif. Ho commanded a rvfPf 
miiul of Muckenzim at the buttle of 1-alkirk 
and in other aDitirs, and left an intereiting 
narrative of tins ritjinir. which is now at 
Tnrbnl ]inui>i(', and linn Wen pnntrNl in full by 
Sir William I'raMir (Fuaskk, Heirh of C'ro- 
innr/i'r, vol. ii.) The narratiTe abruptly enda 
with a raid into Caithness, on which Macb'od 
was sent by his father early in April 1746. 
Maoleod and his fatbor weru captured by 
»gmv of l^nl Sutherland's mililia, at Duo- 
robin Castle, 16 April 1745, and oentfint lo 
luvernuSE aud afLcrwards to the Tower of 
London. A true bill for hi{[li IroaiHin wm 



J 



fimnda^nst Maclnod '23 Aii^. 174(t. II16 
brief for ihi> crown agsinst liim is in Uib 
Britiofa Miwcura (Egvrton MS. I'HOO, f. B7). 
At his trial, 20 T>ec. 1746, IfftrlivKl p)<^iu]ea 
gmlty am) threw himGelf on the kiag'6 mercy. 
U« tewivcd » frM pardon, dated '22 Jau. 1 7-ks. 
<m conditiun that wttlun six months of his 
•ttaiDiD^ hi& niBJority ho ahoold convey to 
tfcs cTovn aU hu rights and clalma to the 
MtatM of the e*r[fl of Cromartr. Tbi« waa 
duly done (FKiSd, ii. ocliiii— Cmmarty 
WriU, hundl*. 30, No. 10). Mnelwd's futher. 
the Earl of Ommarty, had nlwi hiwn tried 
by his pmre, found guilty of hiffli tfeaaon, 
uid ifntmced to death and to a forfnitureof 
kia wiateA, but tlia rai)ita1 wntence iru r&- 
ririttvd OD condition ol'tiis rMidtng during the 
tvinainil<:r of hia life vithin the county of 
iVvon. 

t'tm-illitu; to be a burden on hia family, 
Slaclrod Ua JDtTOBabin! privatvly in Apnl 
174l(, and praeeeded to Hanit>urg-/ao(l thcaca 
to ItcrliD. wbvra beobtained letters of Intro- 
dnrlum froni Marsltnl Keith [see Krith, 
JaMis Faiscia Kdward^ to the co«n of 
Bw*«li?n. In a letter dated lU Jane (old style) 
ITfiO. Maclm>d writes ihnt in a few days ho 
Aras TO obtain a companv iu ttiu Swiilisb 
Mginu-nt of Major- pen fral (] ami linn, iiiwbich 
h«had opjon.'itlly bwn wrriu); as u voluo- 
t«M; thnt Uaron llnmtltim, btfrh (-hnnwHor 
of Sfft-dcnf his oolonelV brother, wna hia firm 
fxinid lvv9 Hamii.tux, Uvvh. J, 17241, and 
that tb'e kinf^ of ^iw«lea had mntM bim 
aston until better providra for (1^. i. 

iii). (In the recommcndatron of Lord 

^SeoTge Murray, the Cbevolier St. (^epren*, 
fttbtir of Prince Charle« ICdnrard, paid the 
eoK of hit oquijnncul {ili.) In 17Ij4 ho np< 
pa an to hare bent aefx'iag in Fiiiliunl, mc bia 
Bther dewribee htm as froxen up there (1^. i. 
ccxliv). In April I76& h« was pmmnted to 
BUJor in 'an old Airedish rwrncitt ' (/Tit/. 
"" Attft.t. MH. 33056). lie afterwards 
Jt«i) Ihr-nmarlt, to ace the mana^urr^'s of 
! Danish troops. As a Tolunte^r with the 
_ iBuan armv and aide-do-camp to Manbal 
[eiih, he ma^ the campaign iu Bohemia in 
T&7, and wuprenotat tlw Uiltlvand i'lvge 
'n«eue (A.t He left a narrative of thta 
JumtHiigTii which is printi-d by FniKvr. 

When war broke out belwi->-it Svrii)t>n and 
Pntnia, Madeadfby the advice of Keil li. went 
back to Swpden, and soonafterolitaiued leave 
f> vi^^it ICn|rland; application to enter the 
Britub MTi'ice failed, it is raid, tbrotigh the 
tBt^udgmeiit ofhis undo, Sir John Gordon. 
MwftfM went baek to ^Sweden. In n letter 
«(7Klian.l7ftl', his father slater that Macleod 
bad burn nude a kuight uf thuSwediitiLonl^r 
of the North Star, and expreaeed gratification 



at Maeleod and his brcilhi.'r Cloorfn? Imvin^ 
qnalifledas freeholden in iiotuinnd Cromartv, 
and so obt&ined & footinjf again in the old 
country. Macleotl rose to the rank of colonel 
(or by somo accounta lieaumant-genurut) in 
tho Swedish army, and received ihe title of 
Count Cromariy. 

litiluruing to England in 1777, during the 
early part of th» American war, ^fe«leod 
WOA gracinuKly rM;iiiv»Hl by (3".i>r|Hi 111, and, 
partly ihronjrh the good omces of hU counin^ 
Ilenry ItunJns [see DcNius, Uk,vbt, first 
ViacturjiT II ki-VILLk], an offi^r miulo by him 
to raise a regiment of highlonders wa.'< ac- 
cepted. IIiB commistion as colonel was 
dated 10 Dec. 1777. In a few weeln a fino 
body of 840 higblundera was got togvtber, 
to Avhich wora added iSQ lowbuidera, raised 
by David (afterword* Sir ItavidtHairdrq-v.l 
and other otHcers, and a fen- LnglituI anil 
Irish. The regiment, 1,100 etnng, marched 
to Klgin, and wan patMt^d for the aervice by 
General Skene in April 177tj,and bi^camethe 
7Snl foot. Orders were nt once issued for the 
formation of a second bnttnliou. This was 
speedily comjileted, and &om bfiiig an exile 
Maclfiod found himself at thu bead of a 
^lendid corp* of i.'AW of bie countrymen, of 
whom l,SUO wf^refrom the nei);bbourhood in 
which bis family ouco bnd its hume. Stewart 
citiu it a* a remarkable example of the tradi- 
tional iafluenee of am^and respected nsiB& 

Miielvod embarked for IntUa with the Ixt 
battalion 73rd and other troopa early in 
L779. In accordance with iiutnictious they 
occnpie-d th* inland of tloree, which the 
French badabundonedforSencKal, and placed 
a garrison of the 75tb and African corpa 
thurv. Thoy wen delayetl some months ro- 
lilting at the Cape, itiul loudnd ill Madrax 
20 Jon. I7W. Two days previously the 2nd 
biitlntiim TRrd, under Mucleod'a brother 
CiMirge, landed at ftibraltar, asj>art of.\d- 
miralltwlney'srelief, nudboruadistingiiifbcd 

rnrt in the Mibwf]iiont d<-fen«. On JO July 
7'§0 tidings reochedMadrssof the irruption 
of llyder .\li into the Cumatie. Three day* 
Inter Maeleod, nsseoior king's officer. unred on 
t be president of the cooncU the need or mill* 
tary preparations in the event of the rumouTS 
proving true. ' What con we do?' was 
the ri*p)y, * wo have no money,' ' but,' it was 
uddt.-d, ' Kv mi.-an to cullect an army, and you 
lire toconimnnd it.' Trwrpa were then got 
together at Poonamallee, which Macleod 
was dirMted to miirch to C'onjereram. He 
remonstrated with the council as to the in- 
ndeqoncv of the force, saying, 'I have always 
obsurrea that when you despiseyonr enemy, 
lie ends bj giving voa a d--d rap over the 
knucUea' (Hook. Li/e of Baitd, i. 17). TbA 



* 



troojia were marched to St-Ttomas's Mount, 
aad there encamped. On 25 Aug. Sit Hecior 
Monro [q. V.J iirriTeii from OBlcmta, wherp 
lio hod Deen m commaiid, and tuck cvinmnnd 
of the troops, (ind n movi'nifnl was made m 
eflBCt ft junctiou at Conjuvenim with (.Lu 
di.>tiu;kiiifiil. from Guntoor under Colonn'l 
WniittmH(iili;c(rf.lT8:i)[u.v.].'ft-hichended 
m tlii* dcKirwaiiiii rif Itailliu'H delachmcnt, 
and 'if a Hmnll ri'mforcpnicnt., including thu 
flank compiiniL-Jiof Miicli.'i"l'.< ntiiimBut, which 
Munro si-tit tn its aid, Munro's Iroopa rc- 
tiinii'd (n Madras, and their siiTu return Is 
eaid t» hnvu lieeti dim l-i) tEir xkill of MacliHid. 
Soon FiOcr ih>-ir return, Sir Eyro Coi>tc« 
(i7-ti-l7H.'t) [q. v.] Ririvpd and Bwnuned tlm 
chief L-ommnnd. Mneleod, on 12 I>ec. 1780, 
wa* «i>pciiMti.'d president of a Konern! court- 
martini for tho triol of Bripadier Stimrt. 
Hu niipi'ar* to bnvo lind a dispute on eotne 
point of inilitnrv i-liquottfi witn Coote, who 
wrot4! to liim uu It} Au^;. 17t^L, firum camp 
ChiiuHric, ' I ciinnot hflp expressing- my re- 
gTPt that Tonr lordship should have expe- 
rienced a neCBssity for coming; to 1 he resolu- 
tion of goinp liomf> upon thfl principle your 
lordship has mentioned' (Fraskr, i. cclv), 
Kacicod went home, and in 1783 bocumc n 
iuujor')r«ni*nLl on tbo llritiivh eslabUshment. 

AfliT tUe 71st hiphlandors, raised in 177fi 
hv I.imitimunl-gt'nerul ^iinon I'rasor [aae 
r's.vsER, Htmos, 172(1-178^], had been di*- 
bandtKl Bt tho closu of ihti Ammoan war, 
tint TMril c>r MiitdL-iid's hiyhlmidfw, wbit^Ii 
had grnnfly diBtingiiiBhed ibcmselvps under 
Eyro O.mtL', M-cro mninnhprtd hjs tlio 71st. 
They nr<' iinw thp Lst highland lifflit infantry 
(late 7tBt foot), and are not to he confused 
with a buttalion of the 4ind hi^blandcr^, 
whicb under Colonel f afterwards Ooneral ) 
NO'roian Macleod performed distingtiiDh'Pd 
sorviuo ut Mun^aloru and ukuwbcru in tliu 
war with Ilydi-r AH, atitl aiicc(?edfd Mac- 
leod's regiment in the po^iilian of 73rd foot. 

In Deci'inbiir 1780, wbnii still in ln<ha, 
MacJeod was ivtumed t.o parliament, amid 
^at local rejoiciag, aa member for Ros«- 
Bhire, Tho fnmity <-.*t«Ir* worn n-storod to 
him in 178-1, on pay m*""! of n sura ofliMXXW, 
to relieve llife property of certain burdens. 
Ho commenced rcbuildinj^ Tarbnt Ttouw.di.*- 
etroyed in I7t.'i, and improving 1 lie policies. 
lie died at Edinburgh t' April l78U,ft)sed«i;. 
He wn« laid bc^idu his luuthur in the old 
churcliyard of ibe Canon^te, wlitrrf' »» a 
iiiL>nunn;nt lo mother and son. He marriwl 
in 178f! Ularp-ry, i?Mc«t dnuKhCpr of thestx> 
teentb 1/on! rorbfs, but had nn issui*. Hifl 
■willow marrii'd, secondly, John Murray, 
fourth duke nf AtlioU. She died in 184'^, 
The Cromarty eelates devolved ou hiacotuin 



Kenneth Mackeneie of Crotnnrtte, son of 
thi^ Hon. Itoderick Mackeniie, second son 
of thF> »ecnnd r^rl. Thi-y now have paaaed 
through th(9 female liiie to the Dnlw of 
SuthftrUnd. 

Geobgb Mackekzib (17-11-1787), & 
younger brother of Lord Mai^lrod, wm long 
an onicurof tho l»l royal Scots, and com- 
manded the 2nd hnttalmn 7>'!nl at tbg 6e- 
funcu of Gihmltar. After the diiihnndinf; of 
that batlalion nl Stirling, in Uclober I783be 
was apnointed lieurcnant -colonel of the sni* 
vivingfiatlalion, whir.hl>eoamcIhe7Ut (lat« 
"■trd) bi^libtnders. lie diedl at Wallajabod, 
4 June 1787, aped 4fl. A monument was 
erected to him in the burying-ar'Htud of I'ort 
St. Oeor^ 'by tho ofliecr!^ ol his regiment' 
and by las nt-phew nud luime-suu, Ovorn 
Mackenzie, 7fiih rAc^imenl, who had fought 
atid bled ut hia side.' 

tllurko's rnvmeos undar ' Cpomarlio,' 'Eli- 
bank,' and 'SutherliLnd;' Douglas's Scottiab 
PferaRB (Wood), i, 399; Sir William l'ra»er'B 
Earls of Crvmimie, Kdinburicb, 1674, 3 vola.; 
Stewart's Scottish Highlnndrr^ ii. 1 24-&fi ; 
Cannon's Hwt. Rec 7UI. HiRbUnd Light Inf.; 
Mill's ItJHt, of India, vol. iv.; Wilkf'i Sk«tcbc« 
of South of India.] H. M. C. 

MACKENZIE. JOHN {I8CW ltj48). 
Gaelic, scholar, was bom on 17 Jnlv IBOG in 
the paristiof ( imrlocb, UoH^M^hiru. l\'u^ father, 
Alexander Mnckeiuie, held noiut* lundx on 
iliM north side of Ijochewe, and claimed kin- 
aIiiu with t}i(! IninU nf C.liLirli^cli. The family 
him been in comfortable circumfltan<yfi, but 
iMiftfoTtuno had nvertnkon it. Mackenzie left 
the parish school of Gairloeh at an early 
age, and was apprenticed to an itinerant 
carpi'^nler and joiner oflhodistricl. During 
his wandenngs Mucketiiie bi'gan to write 
down the popular songs and aim which h» 
heard Ming'. An actiidunt mvn with while at 
work coiHUplled him to return to Oniiloch, 
and there he enlli>cted the poems of William 
Ross [q. v.], which were then only preserved 
nrnllT. The volume was piihlUhrd in Inver- 
ness in lIS^, and contained a prefatory me- 
moir by MaclccuEic. With n view to puUiith- 
ingothernf ihepoemewbicdi ht* bad ddlei'linl, 
he went to 4Slas);nw in I8!l.'i, and be pub* 
lishod a second edition of Ross's poems iberA 
in IKi'l. In ItS30 he was appointed a book- 
keeper in the Glaagt>W UniTersil v printing- 
otlio.vund sold luJ! collection uf Gaelic poetir 
to a publi»li.T. Thi- liook iippi-iirfd in 1841, 
undtT the lille nf 'The Beauties of Oaelic 
Poetrj-,' and it occupies a position in Oselio 
literature M>cnnd only in the collect ionH that 
have been made of tIsAinn. It contaioe<l bio- 
graphiea in Knj^U^k of thirty-six of the better> 
known authon, and an iatroduction, also in 



J 



Eaelith, on the hismrj- nnd poetry of the ' 
Celts, i-ontribuied bv James lyijiisii [q. v.'; uu- 



thor \}f' TliF Scottish I iv^V Mackenxic After* 
wanht piwpAreJ • G«vlio hutoiy of Priuce 
(*1iarl«a, And edited « collection of Ga«lic 
J&robit(< MiDf^s b>lh Tolumes aDpetrinff Ui 
1844. Kntoriiig tlitt «i!rvi<;tf of Mmid*. Hac- 
Iftchlan & Stewart, no Edinburgh firm of 
publi«h<frt, hi> lninKtiiti>d 6»V(imI theological 
work* (idAii) iiitn (iai^lic, edited thn last 
edition of I>(utc>n Mnclatyre's [q. v.] poemi!, 
erimpiird t}ie KD^i»h-(i*elic pArt of Mbt- 
Alpine'i * Gaelic l)ictionarv,' and assLitud 
with llie edilitiK of the ^iaelic magauno 
• Cuaitear nan Ghann,' In 1847 he iiwuM a 
pnMpvGltu of au enUty^ edition of 'Th« 
hmuUm of Gaelic Portrr,' but died at 
FgoUws un 19 Aug. 1-^48, bt-foro the project 
-was carried nut. I lU mat frMa worn t«t have 
diBHipoured. A munuaiQUt was erecwd by 
yiibui' ■iibMription ovor bis grave in 18711) 
tef. OUicMoif. l*l"7>. 

Macl(enii4>'a oriifinal worlc is iniigrificBnt, 
«nd he included onlr one rwn^ <ii\)x» own in ' 
the ' Caait«Br.' Uu tranftlateil or edited 
about thirtydtfftTfnr Gaelic works, including, I 
bevid^TL those mviitioned, llaxter's 'L'atl to 
•he I'lironTerted.' IJunyan's' Piljjrim'sPro- , 
irroM,'* World toCome.'&c, Uver's'L'lirisl's , 
Famouilltle^/and Ih-.^uthnu^s't-hriatian's | 
flreal Iiilere«tt.' Markeoiif't) Eti)rU«h-UuiLrlLc 
part I'f .MncAlpino's ' Dictionary' i» publinhud 
Mparat^ly. : 

[Ati aecQunt of Mackenzie. wriUea from in- . 
forautioQ Mtpplied by hia brother. Appeared in 
the C«I(ie Hag. tdI. ii.] J. K. JS.. | 

MAOKENZTE. JOHN KENNETH 
1 l^sy lN<f*j, nitfiicnl m ijutionnrv, iKim at 
Yarmoiuh, Nrtrfilk, on 2S \u^. ISiiO. was 
younifer son of Alexander Mat keiuiiL'.ffl nut tve 
' TRo*»*hir»-,by his wife Mftr((ar.>I,amBnibeT ' 
' a Bp!conshir« famity. ilia parents soon 
Bovetl ta Brutol. After being educated 
, private Mhool then*, he entenKi a mer- , 
it'* office an clerk in It-DIS. He supplied 
idefeetsof hiaeducation byprivatu study, 
' snd di>rol9d all hi* Immutv tinu; to evnngMltcal 
■iroffk among th** poorer olassea in Bristol. 
I abandoniac cunmicrciat lift', ho Bludied 
liinnn irith tlic inli-ntion of blooming a 
linl miMionarT. In llctober 1870 he en- 
I thi» Bririol Medical School, nnd in 1H74 
liiv.'d niedicAl diplonas fVom I^ndnn and 
linliiir^'h. For a tin)eh*> att-ended theitnyiil 
[iphthftlmie Hospital in London. In 1^7') 
the London Missionary Society npooiitteil him 
MipPTtnteiid^dtt of a newly fouDcled medical 
Elation at Hankow, China, whom hu arrived 
<m S .latin afti-r iiii advi*ntiimn« voyag*. A 
'}n bad been e^abliehed there in 1^1, 



and a hospital wtw fiHindwi in ISB7, con- 
nected wilti the new medical stulion. H« 
threw liimHeir with ardour into the work, 
making c-xeunti«n» into the surrounding dis- 
trict, ami ^aininf[ the coutidenc# of thn na- 
ttreu by \»a tMxM &6 a iloctor. The unhealthy 
climate forcMl him to Meek aiioiIht phioL* of 
roflidence, and in Uurch lJ*r9 ho waa r^ 
mo%-vd to Tittii-tdin, wlii-ni n hospital had 
been eatahltshed ten years hefon*. Hi>rt>, aa 
at Hankow, ho apt"jdily gainyd a high repu- 
lAtion amouff the ChineM, and hi) obtained 
funds for the erection of a new hospital, 
which w^aa opened on 2 D*c. ISt-U, One of 
h,U most important works in Ticn-t.ain waa 
the founding of a medical schoo'l for uatlva 
studcntA. Owin|^ to the itlnoM of hia wifa 
he ivturnvd to London iu February 1883, but 
arriTod at Tien-tsin a^ain on 25 Kept. 1883. 
He diL<d thi-ri.- 1 .VpriL 1888 of small-poxi cm- 
lracl«d U'hilu utt'-iidiiig a iiatiw pntii>nt. 

[Mrs. Bryson*!) Juhn Kenneth Mai:kenci<>, ^[o- 
dicJd Mitaionaty in Cbiaa, 1801, compiled frani 
his diary.l A. H. M. 

MACKENZIE, KENXETH, fourth 
Eabl of SEAtxiiirii ('A 1701 ), wa» tho t>lder 
son of Kenneth, third earl, by laalnd, daugh- 
ter of Sir John Muckenxie, baronet, of Tarbat. 
Oil 31 .Tuly )r>7t'> tht^ kherilTdom of Ross waa 
renewed to him and bis father. He ftno 
ceeded to thi> earldom on the death of lus 
ffttlir-r in 11578, and on 31 Marcli KiSl he waa 
aer^edheirmaleof hia gTandfiiihiT, Kenneth, 
lord Maekrnzif' of Klntail, On the aoceasiou 
of Jame« U in 1085 he was made a prlTjr 
councillor, and in ltt87(oo the revival of tba 
order) a companion of thu Thistle. At the 
rpvoliitiiMi h(? adhered 1o iniwf, wluim bv 
followed to France. Ketuming with hira to 
Tntland he wm at tlie tioffy of Londonderry, 
and was suheeqiientlv created Marquis of 
Seafortb. After the Wttle of Kilhecrankis 
and the deathnfriiiTi'rhoiiw.JAmi*, writing 
on 30Nov. l(W9from Dublin Castle loColonel 
Cannon. promi)ifd to send to him.Stnforlh to 
' head hii< I'neudB and foUuWvra' {Leim and 
Melville i'aper; p. y^U), For some lime hia 
CKstle of Umhan was garriaoned by Hugh 
Muokay [ik v.J After Ucncml TLoinae Bu- 
chan [q.v.J undertook the ctimmaud tif the 
Jacobite forces, Seaforth prepared to ioin 
him with n XxvXy of the norlhi-rn rlnnii, out, 
on learning of fiurhan's defeat at Cromdola 
on I May ltJ90, he sent two of hia clan to 
uminge t^rma with ihi; government. Ho 
affirmed (hat ho had merely taken up arms 
for the sake of appearances, and never had 
any real int«ntij3n of joining Budum, Ho 
also offered security for his mtnre peAMable 
behaviour, bul Msckay ruplied that he would 



Mackenzie 



\ 



be atufied vlih oo otbvr sccanty tliim the 
deliTftry of hi# person. Tlienjaponhfl appeed 
lo deliver 111111661/ ap to be coofianl in In- 
v«ni«H, only stipulAling that lie xhould tw 
■Bind At bin wftt Willi a sbow of fome to 
hide Ilia vuluntarv aubiniauon feom thu cIaq. 
On a puny bi'ini; scot to eapturv Iiira he, 
ibowvvWi clianged lita miiul *ua dUappointed 
tlutOi pleading that bia dulicntu iR-altb 
would suSerlVoni impritonmunt. Tht-mi[ion 
llackny mol red to tivAt hU vAsnala 'with 
the rigour of militanr execution;' bwt, do* 
viroiiw for tlwir cntu) to avoid cTtn-'mit ie«, ha 
c&ii»-<l iiiformntion nf Iu» intftniion" to be 
tvnt to S-'albrth(MACKAY, Mn'wir*,i<. \02), 
irlio thcr«upoii ecirriyndorcd Limsolf and wna 
coafined in ttie cutlc of Invemeu. In con- 
AMuencfl of a warrant of the privr council, 
7 Oct. 1090, hu wat brought to Ldinbuivli 
and Impnaoned in tJie cattle, llts relative 
iieoi^i! Mac]«:aziB,TiBCOuntTarlMt.ilr«lt)iirl 
of Cronmrty [ii. v.l, miMlit ntnmg; n^n-senta- 
tiom to Lord Melvilln a^iunt thti impolicy of 
bia imprisonmenf ( Lei^nanrt .Wftri/h Paitrm, 
j>p. fidyf&SSjibut bowiw retrtinml a prianner 
tul 7 Jan. \V&'2, wL«n be woa allowed bia 
liberty within ttn iiiilos of Edinbiiri^h. On 
7 May bo was uiiprt'hcndt-d a) JViicaitlanil 
and confined to the cft-ille of Invemew, and 
vas uut Snally LibLTatcd till 1 Marcb 1<I9&~7. 
AiltTwiinU 111- w.'nt 10 France, and died in 
JWiii in January 1701. 

By his wife LadvFranws (*/. 1732), »ucond 
daughter of Wiifiam lU-rhi-rt, marquis of 
Fowis. ho had two sons, WiU'iam, iiith «nrl 
[q. T.], and Alcxamler; a daiijrliii^r, Mary, 
marrkd Joha Caryll, son of John Car\-U 
{1660P-i"a6) [q. v.] A portrait of ttio fourth 
earl is at Bn^au. 

[L«TosaD<lMelrilleiI'npor<(5nitiDatynoCIab); 
Oenoml Mflckay'a Uoniuira (ifi.): Miickeiici«'a 
Biitonr of tlifi MackcitEiM, pp. 2IJ9-1R; Dan- 
gWa Scottish Fwngo (Wowl). ii. 484.] 

T. F. H. 

MACKENZIE, KENNETH (17r>4- 
18S8t. li^'utennnt-gnneral. [Sea DouQua, 

MACKENZIE. KKNNl-mr nOI'- 
GL.VS (l.^ll-lftrS). colonfti, born 1 Feb. 
18]l,was only son and^ldwt child of Douald 
Mockcnzio ajid hia wife, ihn daufjhtcr of 
T. Myliiu of Mylnelleld, Perthshire, and 
nephew offieneral Sir KcTiiiPth Douglas [q.T.] 
On 25 Nov. 1831 hv \vtM appointed ensign in 
the0^ttdQor<)onhii(hkndGrs,ittwhichhebc- 
eaniH lieutenant in 1830 atid ctiptiun in IHA, 
all hy ptirrhTiJH*. H(-Kt>rri'd with thiiT>>f^niQnt 
in the Medilt<rraiiGan, West ludivs. and at 
home. Diirin^f the lri»h tnsuTTwilionof 1^48, 
wlum ho WQd acting as brigadior-mnjorof tbe 



flying column undfrUajur^-epneralJohnMa^ 
donald id. 16^), to whomliehad beenadju* 
tant in tnv 92nd, hiaoounge and »elf-reiiaiioe 
brought him into notiw. On lb* arrest of 
William SmitUO'Bhen ^|>t.~ at Thurleanul- 
wav station on 6 Aug. 1848, Mackoniir, in ^ 
order to kwp the Cacl a secret, so u lo aveii 
a nossi ble at t«mpt at a K«cue or a daatmcttott 
onhe Unc,conl nM.-d t o stop a posMngCT trab, 
in which to it«nd l/lirien to DubUa. Tlia »ic 
pine-driver refused to comply with Hadno- 
Kiv's ordi^ until Mackenzie behl a [nitol to Ilia 
head and ibT<>atf>ned to kill him {Amm. Btg, 
1848). Mackenziewas'heldtohaTeezeniaM 
a sound discrstton, which would bare bem • 
good le^ defenre to him if he had prooMded 
to put hia threat into execution* (PBESDnt* ' 
akST, Law relating to OMcfr» of the Armjf, 
p. 10»). Sir Oeorge drey [q-v.l staled is 
the House of Commons tbat Mackeniie's 
conduct liadrveinTedthahigbMt coinmend*> 
tion (if the commander-in-chief, the l>uk« 
of Wellington. 

Mack'-niii* iw>nn after recAivad the appoint- 
ment of deputy-assistant adjutant-gen en] in 
Dublin, which he held until the Crimean 
war. He wont to Tnrkey as brigade-major 
of Codringtou'fl briRade of the light divLiiiin, 
with which he landed in theCrimea, and was 
present at the ,'Vlinit and Inkermannotid ba> 
fore Sevastapol. He was mode brevet-major 
V2 Due. 1854, and brevet liouteoantxtolooivl 
'2 Nciv. IHTiri. Fnim the bi^i^ningof 186S 
to thfl end of the war be aenrea first a* 
deputy-auUtant. quart«rmsst«r-general, and 
then na nn na^istant adjutant-general at t)i« 
headquarCcre before Serastopol, and latterly 
as ossisTAnt nuftrtermaater^enerol at Bala- 
klava. Lord Raglan described him as ' not to 
be surpassed in efficiency by any o6Bcerin 
thu army.' .Vher tho war he went back to 
Dublin aa deputyHUuistantadiulaiit-kCrmTaL 
HebecamumajorintbeOihid in I8fi7,arcam- 
panied thr Tegimeut toTndin in January ] tVti, 
and served in the Central Tn<liau campaign 
(medal), and was mode an aseietnnt adjatuil^ 
general in Itengnl. In June 1860 hf was 
sent to quell a mutiny in the 0th BennI 
Eu rojM'fin sat Berhampore, a service for wluob 
ho wftj* thanked hy tho govemor-geneml la 
council, and by the secretary of stale. In 
18Wl ho was deputy quartermaster-general 
and Lead of ClMuepartmetit lu th'j ex|>L'dil ion 
lo the north of China (('.B. and mirilal). Hp 
was promuied to a Ueutcaaat-eoloneley on- 
atlaclii-il in If^Bl, and becamo brevet-mlotiel 
1 April IHfU). He wilh a-viiAtant ailjutani- 
general in Dublin during the l-'enian di»tu^ 
bnncos of I66S-6, and on 1 April liifTO was 
appointed assistant quaitermaster-general at 
t^e horse gnards, in which capacity be took 




Mackenzie 



S Tvry mcxin ptrt in orfpuiainp cbu fint 
'uitunui manceurre*,' which were beld on 
Dartmoor ia the lata summer of 1873. 
Dririnfi out fKim (hu camp to dinnvr nt r 
eooBtry banse hi the orvghhonrhnoHgnnSuit- 
dar, 24 Au(;. 1873, ^fBckenzie and Uis brother- 
ia>lAw, Captain CVIomb, artrmptn^l to ford 
xhe tittle river Meary, which wiLt flooded 
-with the rn^ent rains, when the hone imu 
awepc otT bU )««, tliv ^g up«et, aud the 
ttceupant« with fUlficulty nmched the baak. 
MacKMtitii) di«l imm(<diato]y nftcm'ftrdtt of 
tpteopt indtieed hj auhatutioD. Htr IvtV a 
thAaw, daughter of Liouteruuit-tfcnerAl U. T. 
CoLoiab, whom be married in Iwl. 

[Fo«tar'» BaroonUm vndar ' DoBglas of Olm- 
bfrri*:* XoaihlyBaa Hart'a Anxi7 LHts ; Kiag> 
laka'a Orhnctt. 6th ed. vi. 87, 68, 61, rii. 4C7: 
WolatUj'a OtKpaigB in China; Timna news* 
vfptr, 34 Aag. XBIi, and LniKst and Arraj and 
Ibuy 0«i«Ui>. so Aog. IS73. MwJ(«ncin «na 
sot IB tfa« flrat Afithaii wnr nor one of ' Akhliivr'a 
eaftiroi.* aa atatAd lo (ho Broad .&nov, 30 Aufi. 
1079> Uta oAear alladad to hung a aamesak* in 
Iha Madnn arnij.) H. M. C. 

MACKENZIE. Sir MORELL (1837- 

1>^J2 >, phrstciaD, descended from the Soottiih 
family of Mn«krnEio of Scntwdl. in tho 
pui»h of C'ontiu, It»fi»^iri', was ihe eldest 
Bon of Stephen Mackenzie, & sarseon. I [o 
waa bom at Loyluiutoni! ou 7 Julr 1837. 
and wan educata^ at l>r. Umii^'s itchool in 
Walthamatow. Hla fatbar waa killed \ij a 
fall froiD faia carriaffe in 1&5I, and soon nftvr^ 
wanl.4 be rntertwl thi^ T'nion In^uranw (^Rice 
M a clerk, but he i^uickly resided the post 
in onlirr to itndy mt-dinno at tht^ London 
Uospitol. In l85d be becuoo a member of 
the ttoral College of Surgeona of Knabuid, 
and aft'vrwarde Fpent ono yaor ai; Paru and 
another in Vieiitia. In ItifiO he visited Cier- 
mak at Pt^tb, and laamt from bim tho u^o 
of tho IaryR([oacop«, an inctrniiivnt inTcntwl 
by Manwl ftarcifl, the s^reat ainpin|r-irn»tpr, 
whichC'xennakwiiathenbrinffin^into clinical 
oae. About tho tUkmc timo Markonzift Hpt-nt 
a few mouths in Italy. After hia return to 
Sa^and beheld several of tho minor ap|>oint- 
atBlB on the slafT of th(< Loudon lUv-tpttuI, 
padnaling as Imchvlor of inedicinv nl (he 
London unirenutv in 1861, and taking tho 
de^fM of doctor of medicine tn tho foUowins 
TCar. The Jackaonian prixp of (he Royal 
Cblk^ of Sufffeons waa an-arded to him in 
1888 for an vnuiy 'On the Patholoffy and 
Tksatment of Oiiwafles of the Tjirjnx : the 
djagnowtic indicatiotu to include lbt» atipear- 
aiKM as aeen in tb» lirin)? porson.* To thts«ub> 

S'l be aubaoquetttly duvotvd lii* whole life. 
tn» appointed aaaistAnt phyaidan to the 
Londoa Jfosphalon 5 S«fpt.'ldOO, and in 



ldT3 be became full nbysicton there, a pnsC 
which be resigned • few montiia oAenvnrds. 
In 18BS the lloapital for Hiaeasi's of tho 
Throat was founded in KiofC Street, Golden 
Siiiiart.', cliii^tly Ihroui^h hia exortionii, and in 
its management he at ouce took a leading 
part. 

Maekentio rapidly obtaiuL-d a laiyi< private 
practice, principally in thn trvatnitnit nf diN- 
eaaes of tba luroat, but hts large practice 
and rapeated atlaoIcK nt n!>lbma did not pT«« 
vent bIm(i^ntnpubliHhini;numcm1I!1book.'innd 
articli«. lie was the first EDglishJumi wbo 
became expert in opoiutions on tli** larj-nx 
and a<^acent part«, and his acknowltKlipd 
eminrace in this capacity led to bin bemg 
callod npon in 1887 to atu-nd at Itorlin the 
crown princw of Germany, afterwanJa the 
EraperotFr^^dorickllliWnowaaftttacfcod by 
cancur iu ihu throat. Endowed by uaturo 
with grtiat iminipulative tkill, coa-ntjuit prae- 
ticJ bad rendered him a master in the uao 
of the lurynptKH'opir it:id rif the laryngeal forw 
c^Mi; but be was abm by nature somewhat 
indiscreet, and hia mind wiis eaaentiallj 
polemical. In the early etages of a diseaa* 
to insidious as cancer there are always 
sufficient, grounds to baso diamotrically op- 
poviiu vlew-s of tho cntue producing tho 
patient's Pvmptoms. In tbe caae of the 
emijeror^of Oiirmiinv, Mnckenziu choso to 
Cnkf lli.i> ai(\TV honrlul view, tttatinf^ at the 
time of bis first risit to Berlin that it was 
impoeeible to decide on the nature of the 
diMBW. Thf* English physician dnubtli'sa 
found on reaching the Gennan court that bo 
was the object of some jealousy, and thi» 
fueling wifl rapidly inieitsified by lln; tiggree- 
aiTemonnerwhich be assumed ill self-defeiice. 
The outooma of the rulntions thus strained 
waM H violent and un»e<'mty <|tiKmit bftwoen 
Mackenzie and his nerman ciOleagues. in tho 
Oiinw of whit'h iiiKiniiatinni* wen,- made en- 
tirftly unworthy of tbe high po.iitions bold 
by the contending parties. IVofesaor von 
Bcrgmann, one of rhcchi>.^f Gorman surf(cona 
in attendance, rvtired fh>m the case on 
3t3 April IH^, and on IJj June following the 
pnlicnt diL'd. Mackvuiie was ao ill-Hdvi»ed 
as to publish detail* which thuuld bavo 
^been kept aecret, Tbe German doctors utsucd 
a medical account of tbe Ulnee. MackcQ- 
xu- r«p]ii'd in a popular work called ' Frede- 
rick tlie Noblt,' wuich appeared in October 
18PS, It is, howfviT, only just to hini to 
Acate that tlut publication of his hook waa 
due to representations made to turn from in- 
fluential unartcn, repn_-8cntations so strong 
a0 10 lead him, perhaps au;ainsl bis bvitfr 
judgment, to abandon the mirvdv imtliccl 
rapQTt bo had at first projecieO, and bo 



Mackenzie 



1 60 



McKenzic 



eubetitute for it a poptiiar uud sin^orly in- 
judicious; troatiw, wiiicli broujihl upon him 
the ceni^uri- of tliu Kqj'ilI CoUu^ of Surgeons 
on 10 Jnn. IKSM. 

If il liiul nul Ijc-uQ for this epijodo in bU 
career, ilat-k<?iwi« would hiive been remem- 
bered OB an iiblii prnctitifinfT in a apocial 
ilflparttni'iil (if mnli<:iiiM, i.*iiiUiw«.hI wilh grvat 
maclianirnt skill unrt powf-r nf invention. He 
■was rewarded for Km sprvices at Xk-rlin with 
th<> (liiitinclion ti( ttil^hr hachflor, conferred 
upon him in Soplember I8S7; and the Em- 
peror Fredt-rick tifciinited him, during the 
rnuiwi' of hi* iUtiL'w, -with the grand cross of 
the Holipnxiilli-rn order. 

MockL-nEif- lived in HerloyStreet, London. 
Bod thert- died on 3 Fob. lt*t)3. ile is buriyd 
in lie ijravtyard of St, Mary's Church at 
"\Vargrft\(j in BcrkshifL'. Ho oaarritHl in 1803 
MiirgTuvl. liitii^hli-rof.IolinBmich of Uickley 
Park, ticnt, and Ic.tt i&sue. 

l*or(riiils npwared in 'Contemporary Medi- 
cal Mt-n," vol. li, Ij«icp8t(3r, lrt88j and in ibe 
* Journal of Laryngology,' vol. vl. 

Mncltonzio piihlLBhcu : ' Manual of Dis- 
t'fttt-H of iliL- 'llimm and Ni>se,' y vols. Svo, 
London ; vol. i. 1880; vol. ii, iH^l. A man 
com p nil LUIS ivu work, cxcillontly written ; it 
in till- Klimdard ti^xt-ljook oil IIik Mibji!ot,and 
!hafihpi:!n irunslatt'diiito Oerman and Frendi. 
Miiuirworkdiirt': L'TruaCmeiilof Horirs«iK'»(« 
nnd l.ii'w of Voice,' 12rao, London, 18US; 2nd 
«jdi:. tivo. iJSO^i 3rd odit. lJ!i7i. 2. ' On 
the Tdfhulofry and Treatmi-nt of Biseaws 
of tbu Luryn.x,' JackfionJan prize iBSgay, the 
maniUM-ri])! of which ia preserved in th<! li- 
brary of the Koyiil Collegi) of Sui^eons of 
Kngliiri-I, boiiiid in three volumes with an 
iip]H}iidi\. Thu druwings which accumpanv 
the e?«iv <ir*» Komiifif tlm first n^presentalioiiit 
of the human larynx as it appearn during liffi. 
3, ' Uw of the LfirvngoscopL',' Hvo, London, 
18B6;3ndr.dit. If^Dfi; .trd cdicltiTl. 4. 'Es- 
says on Growths in the Larynx,' 8vo, Lon- 
don, 1K74. C. ' Diphtlierinj its Nafunj and 
TrcalmfMl,' 8vo, 18711, (!. ' Hay Fovur and 
Paroxysmal Sneeeing,' London, Svo, 1H84; 
full edil. 1887. 7. ' Ilyifii'no of thu Vocnl 
■Organs," London, liinio, 1S*«!. 8. 'The Fatal 
Illoeai of Frederick the Xoble,' London, 8vo, 
1888. 0. ' Eseayi!,' with portrait, Luodon, 

ftses. 

[Obituary notlcoi in lh« Joaraal of Lnryn- 
nlW 1892, Ti. QS^IOH ; Intornat. Cvntralblntt 
nit lAiyogoIafpe, Rhinfjlof-io ii.«.w. Mart, 18112, 
a. 411-17; the En^ltsti niedien! JDiiraAls Cot I 
F»bnaary iaa2. Tiien is on impartial nWumJ 
of tho Gcniian controvorny in llio Times of 
IB Oct. ]B8fl.p,fi. Inrnrmstion kindly "Urplieil | 
by tbcRor. H. B.UaviiU, ^A.,«ho iopri'pnriDg 
fchiogr^rhy] V'A. V. 



H<:K£NZIE, ML'RDOCH, tliB «ldor 

(ff, 1797), hydrogranher, powiblr llift prand- 
Bon of Murdoch ilnckrtuie (1000-1688), 
bishop of OrkiiBy, was de«cendi-d from a 
youa^ branch of thn iJairlorh fiiniilr 
(Keitm, m*l,,riral Catalogue of iA(^ &-0ttuh 
Bithopg). Me was pmplored K-fore 1749 in 
survcyiujj lhi> Orkney an cl l^Imllaiid Ltlauda 
for the admiralty nnd the East India Com- 
pany. In 1749 liti-kid a pajxtr on 'The 
Mate of thw Tides in thknev' befom ihe 
Royal Society (.PHU. Trana.), hxui in 1750 

fulilishrd 'Orcatlfs: or a Geographical and 
Ivdrographicnl Survey of the (>rkn<>y and 
Lewis Island*' (fol.l, with Kharta. In" 1752 
ho waa acnt in thu Cullndcn mloitp, in CJiea- 
pauy with Cupluin Kodnny. to examine • 
new and, as it pnivwl. imaginary island, 
which had been rppnnod as «wn in long. 
2-1'' .lU' ■wtiM of th*- Ijiiard ( Uavsat, Jtodney, 
p. 2U; yaral Chronu-Jf, i. 357). Ho wu 
ufli^rwanlit d«finit«iy employed a* enrveyor 
of the fldinirnlty.ond surveyed with compAaa 
thenorlhcoH«t of Ireland and thu wtst OOUC 
of Scotland, the resulrs of which w(>r>' pub- 
lished in 1770 as 'Nautical Ilescription of 
the Woet Coast of I in-at Hritain from Uristol 
(JhanoL-l to Capo Wrath." and ■ Xnurical De- 
scription of the Oiaft of Irel.ind.' both in 
folio. He also pnhlitthed in 17iX) ' A ChaR 
of the Atlantic Ocean,' on a larpe scale, 
drawn on The circnlur projection which h* 
inrrMtod. In 1771 ho wa« i^uccocdcd in hla 
offic<! of ftdioirally surveyor by bis iieulww, 
Murdoch McKunzit' thu younper fq.v.i. and 
socmst to have relirwl from tW aclive dutiw 
of Ilia pmfcsifion, thoug'h in 1774 hi> broag^b 
out 'A TreatiftK on ^Inrine Surveyinir,' 4to; 
a. gi-iCMind edition of which, in ISlft, woi 
edited by Jaine« HnrKburfcIi fq.T.] In May 
1774 bo was eirctod a fidlow of ihp Rovu 
Society. His certilieate, which de^cri^ 
him ns'nf irnmp»t«ud,' and "well ae^uaiut«d 
with mathematical and philosophical learn- 
ing,' wft.* siRinxl by Sir Jo*v\M Ifankv, So- 
lander, Thomn^ Pennant, and others. Tie 
withdrew from the norinty in 1790, pn.ihaMy 
on account of hid advnnml aire. Hi- died 
in the followinfr year, and was buriiMl at 
Minehead in fionifrset on Ifi (tct. {^informa- 
tion from iho vicar of .Minehead), 

McKenxii-'w worls, carried out with veiy 
inikdcfjujile mean-t am! with undue hame, 
to KTiil ify 1 h*' iidmiralty's demand for ijuantily 
in prefen-nce to quality, was of I he nature (if 
ruii^h exnmination rathvr than uf accurate 
flurvfv ; hnt his ' Troatiae on Marine Siirre/- 
itig ' u still estebmcd. 

fjlnwuons Meiiioiri tit Ilydronraphy. !. i; 
Uni. JMua. Cat.: infL^rmatii>n from the RojOl 
Society; Watts liiW. Brit,] J. K. L, 



J 



McKenzie 



i6i 



Mackenzie 



UcKEXZIE, MURDOCH, the younger 
(17'l3-ly29], c(>tntnii(i(]vr in titv luivy anil 
hvdrographer, born in 1743, was the ncpliiiw 
o( Murdoch AtcKcoiie the «l<)«r ^q. v.] He 
u «u<l to har^ b^n a mirlAhinmiin nf tlie 
Dolpbin in her vovoge roona tbe world 
undtT Com modora John Byron fq. v.], 1 764-0. 
In 1771 be sueccecled bu uncle as surveyor 
of tlM admirally. In 177S he was auri'«<jin;i 
the OMKt ty( Cornwall, in 1775 ihu coust of 
K«uil, in 1779 tbe anutb (WJwL of Devon, On 
6 Aug. 1770 he was promoiedto thu rank of 
IJeut«Dant. in lhf> navy, bill thii itniiuotion 
ta»de DO ilifr<tr*>nct! in hi* work. In 17M0 he 
•urreyed the chanix^l between ibe lek' uf 
Blwppey and th«> luninUnd, Kn idi'a btiviiig 
been atarti'il that the Dutch might utieiopt 
to fft^t aRain into th^ Med way bv tlii«pftS»Agf. 
In 1781 bcBurvciyod the Nc*dlM, At the n>- 
qu«ti of tb« Trinity lloiue, in order to (Iet«r- 
mim) tiw best way of protecting tmsoU from 
ibm roeki. About tliiii timo lua eywiglit 
began tu fail, but he continued to act aa chief 
■Brreyor of tbe admimlty till 1788. IIU 
< charts wBre not publiAlind till IS(U, and it 
does not appear that he had anvtbiug to do 
-with that Mtg9 of the work, ^le wai pro- 
noted to be commnnder on SI Jan. InU, 
■ad died on t^ Jan. IH^, in bin eitrEity-vixth 
Ttmt (Gtnt. yftifj. 18'^ m. i. p. IHS). ' III^ iji 
OMcrih«d as of .Minelivad in Souierset. The 
eooftuion hetwt>e& thelwo hydraiiraphera of 
the aamv name is alni<'>!tt intxtriculjlu, nnd the 
'Traatiaeon Marine Siirvi>ytiif{' ia commonly 
Ucributed to the nephew. 

[Dawioo't Memoin ut Hr^rufiniikv. i. 8.1 

J. K. L. 

MACKENZIE. ROBERT (1828-1881), 
nuBoeUanpouD wril^r, bom in IffcJiJ at llarry, 
ForCtrAhir^, where hit father was pariah 
flcboolmasier, wa«educat«<lbyliis faUior and 
at a school at 8t. .Andivw.4. The family 
noved to DundiK, and Mackenzie was ap- 
■nnticed aa ii clerk in a merclianr's office. 
Ha wrrud in various cicuattons but about 
IStS became reporter to the ' Northern 
tVardrr,' which Iio tftura'ardx Kub-oditvd. 
H« (]ullt«d. joumaUnin fi>r cotuiueTt-e, and 
huame partnsr in Ibe firm of Mackenzie, 
Bamiiuy s Co., which failed aflor thu tiri»ia 
vt 1867. He thon r('tumi-<l to journuU.->m, 
fnaDently riflitcd Amenca, and wrolc a few 
booka. Ju»l b^forv hilt death hewiu nctivKlr 
eo^agedavaffi'ntfortheWestingliou.xA Brake 
Conpany. li« died at his hotue in Msi;- 
dahm Yard Road. Dundee, on 2 Feb. ]8j«I. 
llu had married, Srat, a daughter of John 
Uofnet^cott.and aecondlv a daughter of Wit- 
Usm Cunningham (180^1661) [q.v.;), uud 
left fiiur rliildnii. 

Hia chief works were: 1. 'The United 

TOL. XXXT. 



States of America. A History,' Loudoti, 
1870,870. L'. * The Nineteeiuii Uentury. A 
HUlory.' Iiondon, 1880, Svo; abrid^wd in 
1^1 m 'Tbe lt«ign uf (jueen Victoria.' 
8. 'America. A Histon-,' London. 1SS2, 
8vo. I[« atvo viJitvd witli noti?« in 1883 aa 
incomplete edition nf ' ("lulliver'a Travels,' 

^OiiniiM AdrartJser. 3 Feh. 18S1 ; Norlhern 
WaMLT, 4 fob. 1881 ; HfiL Mu». Call 

W. A. J. A. 

MACKENZIE, KOBEItT SHELTON 

ilHWI- IKhlJ), mi.HCt^ll&neauii writer, bom at 
)rew5 C-ourt, co. Limerick, on 22 Juno 
If^CRl, WBstbe second son of Cwptain Kenneth 
Mackenzie, aii offici;r intheanny.and author 
of a vnlurae of Uaelic pfwtry, published in 
GlnspDw in 1796. Robert wa4 educated at 
a Kcliou! in Furmoy, eo. Ci>rk, where his 
father held the office of postmnator after his 
ntirc-mvnl fnjiu thu army, uud at ibv ii|^ of 
thirtueii br w«s ttpprenticeil to an npolhi^'ary 
in Cork. lie Et^me to have openuu a school 
in Fi.Tinriv afli-r R-rving his term, and in 
lfl2fi-6 wa,i still inlhat town, writing poems 
for tho ' Dublin and Ix^ndon Magaaine ' and 
orhorjoumali*, over the nignatiirtt of 'Sholto.' 
The atateinent that he graduiited in medicine 
at Dublin is unconfirmed by the university 
rv|jrii»U'r. -About lf*:;Hlie»clv<i for imhi^rt timo 
aa editor of n paper at Unnlev, StaSbrdahire. 
It was in 1828 that his iirst wurk, a volume 
iif |H>i--niK <-Hlitlt?d ' 1 jiya of PaWlinir,' np- 
neored in London. After 1830 he went to 
London, and wroto for various journals, in- 
cUdiog the ■ Lady's Magaxinrt' ami the 
* IiDndoa Matcaaine.' lie contributed bio- 
granhies to 'The Ocoifrian Era' (18.12-^), 
ana was engaged on the Htall' of several Lon- 
don newspapers. In 18:U, according to hi» 
bioenphcr»,lie n^cisivvd thu ditgn-u oFlL.D. 
at Glangow. Beaides writing for the • Duhliii 
Umversity Magazine' (1837 -S), he edited 
the ' LiTfrjiQol Journal ' and corrMponiled 
with .\inerican papers. He was the flrst 
European corrwpoodent for the American 
pro**, and in 1862 emfgrated to the Cnit^-d 
btutes, settling in Xew York, and engaging 
in liUTQiy work. In 1857 ht- wunt to iTii- 
ludolpliia, and there remained till hU di-alh 
on ;tO Not-. IKiSO. X^'i statement that lie 
obtained the disgrDO of D.C.L. at Oxford ia 
lui i-rrur. 

His original writings are not remarkable, 
but one ur two uf his compilations are ex- 
tn-mi-Iy luiefnl. Br-AJdes ' Imv* of I'liU-Mina' 
(^Ixindon, 18^8), he published in Mngland 
'The Dramatic- Work* of .1. S. Kiiowles,' 
with bIogTH])hical intruduction. &c. (4to, 
liondon, 1838) ; 'Titian, a ICoittanCf of 
Venice '(8 vols. ISmo, London, l84^(i: 'Life 
cf Uuiztil,' preixed to u tmuslalton of 




'Democracy and iu Miaaion' (1&48); 'Part- 
imrNliip va Coinro&ndite.'aworli on commer- 
cial luw^dra,IS47); 'Mominga at Matlock,' 
& coIIikUod of sturitM (3 vots. QvQ, Lonilou, 
1850). 

The remaiodor of Uis workB, cliipfly owm- 
piliLtion^, with nol^ fttid memoirs, were 
iMued in America. His editions of ' Noctes 
Ambrosiuuc,' u vols. lBo4 (another Mlirion, 
ofwhi(.-li ouly a liuiitlrudcopii-s wurti[]riiite<i, 
waapuWialied in ISIJI—I, 4l.u,thi^ secoud nuJ 
fiilti Yub. bi-urmf^ tlit> liLtlur daui), uii^l Dr. 
Mngino'e ' Mi>ci::lItiut;ou8 Works' fi voli. 
lB.'iS-7) are of siaiidnrd valaf. OtUer of 
Ilia produclLona aflL=r Ii;avinc England w(>ru 
Sliii'lV ' Sktrli^hi-ft of tin*. Irtdli Bur," with intv 
moirA and notes (2 vobi. 8ro, New York, 
18i>t): He Qiilnppy'* ' Klosterlieim,' with 
TD*'moir (ftvn, lAflo); ' I/ife ofCurran,' by hi« 
»on, with additions by It. S. M. (ll2mo, iMiiS); 
' Bits of Bliimcv,' sketches and sturics (12mo, 
IH-W); Lady Muraaii's 'O'lJriotwaiid U'Kla- 
hertien,' with intmdiiction (2 vols. IMT); 
' TrueiUiiLU, or ika StoriMulkT* ' (13my, PM- 
la(i-l|ihia, ]ftr.n); '.Mfmotraof Koberl H<m- 
ilin ' ( 1 So'.}) ; ' FdtkeT Tom and tin? Poii^;. or 
a Nighf at tfin ViiticJin,' with iinifncii (iBmo, 
Philodfdwtiin, ISIJP. Mnckpnzii' iis.si|rns thifl 
faJnoUJt BHotch to John Fisher Murray [a. v.T 
in error; it was writt^^n by Sir Samiiol fVr- 
iTusou [q. V.]) ; ' Life of Charles Hickeita,' with 
hitJHTto unpuhlishcd Ii-tti-rs, anecdotes, &c. 
(l-'mo, PhUadwlphin. 1870); 'Sir Wiiltor 
Scott, the Story of Wm Life' <I2j«o, Bojton, 
1^71). Tho thruL- works which AlHbontisnys 
Muckfnxii* hstil in prepiinitioii iu 1K80 — 
namely, 'TTio Poi>t3 and Poetry of Irplaisd,' 
'JH«n tif "98,' Olid 'Actors and Actresses' — 
wpre not completed. 

[AUibona'e IJiol. of Ecgl. LiL ii. ] TS : Drake's 
Diet., of Amcr, Hiog. pp. 58-1-5 ; Appletoii's 
Cyslop. of Amer, Itiog, iv, 134; Brit. Maa. Cat.] 

D. J. O'a 

MAOKEXZIE, SAMUEL 0785-1847), 
[M»rt rait- painter, was bom in the pari.*U af 
Kiliniiir, Kins -.thin-, in 17^ (information 
from Uh sou), mid he ih pn>bably tlm rtiild 
l^namt'()raittt''d|()f WilliumMfli'kpnzie, flsher- 
lUULU in Purtlich, Krjsf-jstiirtf. aud Ann Mnc- 
keoxio liin spiiii-..-, wli'in^ birth cm 2rt IVt, nml 
Imptiiim 31 Dee. IT'<'> are recorded in tin; 
Kilinuir parish n'^^i-l-r. His father ditwl bo- 
fnra ha had attnined thi> a^ga of oiffbt, and h>o 
bnc&me ahard-boy in the service of an uncle. 
He also -worlHvd in the north, under Telford, aa 
« anperintendvnt of stone-bawt'ira. To avoid 
I lie pri>9«-pang ho cam-0 on foot to Kdintmrjfh, 
where he was ODiuh>yud by Dalziid, a marbti»- 
cuit#r in Irfith Walk. Tlio arm* otit thw 
tntranco of the Bank of Scotland and the 
8phins«s in Charlotlu Siiuarv w<5i« carved by 



him and John Manbnll. Deeply impreBaed by 
the painlttitfit of ICiu^barn, htt bftnn, nt tliv 
ago of about twpnty-fivc, to ttaaj as a thw- 
Irait^paiiitiir. His pr^Hluclions^untKl forliiat 
Raebum'efriendjihip, and li«> worked in 1tju>* 
bum's studio. In IViii, when be wu residing 
in Shakespeare Square, be contributed a por- 
trait of a gentleman to the Kxliibitiun of 
Associated Artists, Edinburgh, and be con- 
tinued to costributu to lh<; sumu uxbibitimu 
from If)14lomi0. Ht- wiumuch ttiuploynl 
by Guor^fu Gordon, 6(Vh dukti of Gordon 
I q. V.J, and JamQS luut-^ Ker, fifth duku of 
Roxburghe [g, v.], and for a lime vUil^l tha 
north Aonually lo paint portraits. In 1831 
hia full-tengtb of the Ihiclicst of Tloxb<irgh« 
and tho Mar()u!!4 of Jlowmoml appcarod in 
thi! lintt ratjdern I'xkibition of tlie RoTal In- 
stitution, Kdinburgh; and hij* coatn&utions 
there from IH'Ja to l&lO included the sroup 
of Mrs. Bum*, widow of tko poet, and her 
ffranddaugbter, engrave<l br WLllinm HoU 
[q. v.] in 'The Land of Burns.' He alsa 
painted Lord Brougham. 

Mackenzie wa-t one of the twentyfour 
artista who in 14J9 wuni adoulLt.>d me'mbeni 
of the Hcotliah Acadniiy (Hartet, ,Vo/rs on 
the Ruyal Sciitti^k Arailtmii), which. o\AA\n*^ 
its royal charier iu lli^fts, and, wiib the singla 
exception of ]Hl2, he eonlribnlt^d lo every 
(.•xhibitton of that body till lt*Ul, showing 
niftinly iKirtniit^ In iJN'tOhi'- exhibited a por- 
traitof Jam<'«SIlkJ)uclitugIiam[q.v. I Hv also 
exhibited a few ceiire ^tubjecta, AUca. an ' Thn 
Beggar Girl," 1830, and ■ f ho Sailor's Orphan 
Boy,' 18-tl. lie was coniidvrwd (»pt<c'ially 
fiuccoEsful in his fcjnale portraits, and be 

Eainted gomi? fancy luiids, iwv<Tal of which 
avfl befin eiij^roved. ]\xampl>w of liis art 
are at Floors and Gordon Ca^iles, and in tho 

Enssoflsion of the Itoyal Scoirish Acadomy. 
\» was a man of considurabh) culture, uid a 
^ood mathcmnticiaD. Ho was particularly 
interested in horology, and coustructud aun- 
diola foravery latitude. Of kindly cbaraett-r, 
he wa^ e^apocially liulpful to vounf; artists. 
Mai^kenxit; paintKil tlm portrait of the Itvv. 
Dr. David Dickson (iryO-184i*) [ji. t.I and 
modttUvd Ibo hvad in .^Vlcxauder Ilaudyaide 
Rit«liiis'3 moiLumi'iit t" HickiKm in St. C'lith- 
bert'a buryiug-pronnd, Ediiiburpli. He dii.'d 
in Edinburgh, '^^3 Jan. 1847, and was buried 
in tlie Warriston cotnctery. 

[iDformation from tho faiailj; Rcdgmva'a 
Diet.; CalalogiiM of Roral Bc-nltiKh AcAilnny 
and of thatr Loan Esliibilioa of IS80, aud of Ks- 
hibitions referrod to above; Scots Mae. 1892.1 

J. 81.0. 
MACKENZIE, the IIos". Miw. 
STiiWAUT (1783-1S02), widow of Sir 
Samuel Hood, [See SiBWABT-iUcKEKxiS.] 



A 



Mackeozie 



163 



Mackenzie 



MACKENZIE, THOMAS, Lord AUo- 
is (lK(f7-IW!9>, 8ci>U»Ii jiKige, *tm of 
Qearm Mai:hr>nii^, n tTtulesronn of Pcrtli, 
■wua bora on ItJ May li^7. iiw n-wivetl hi« 
«aTly eduction at 1)10 IVrth nMdemir, and 
■Iter Kttidving two yean at the iiniviTKity 
of St. Andrews, went to Edinburgti, when?, 
while foUowinfT iHi.- nccupution of clerk, he 
MUcciMNled ia i|iimltfriug himMrlf for theSoot- 
Uah bar, to which he wu wllod in 1632. 
H« inrmi U'vt nuccfim at lk« bar cfai«By to the 
p*tTnniii:e at I^nrd-advocato Rutherford, to 
whom lie acted aa junior, and vrho highly 
Tmlaml hi* c&rfftil attvnticMi to detalla. In 
18S1 be vu appointed sitenlt of Roaa and 
Cronar^, and *olieitor-(^ni*nil, ittid in De- 
cember I8&4 wu niteA to the bench in thu 
court of iwwioa, with the litl»« Loril Mnc- 
lc«niii:>. II-? is crf-ditcd with <lrafling llie 
Bwikruiitcy Act of Scoilond in laoQ. Ho 
tttmA mm the bench in irsOl, and died on 
36 Sept. IMO. ' No warm fric-iiidsbipa,' said 
• WTJirr ill thii ' Si^tsmiin,' ' had ho, no wife, 
BO piiblicesjilofeionsof henuvoluiicf, noQiiar- 
fvU. Iletoiled nn !<■ t)i« I'm! like a machine. 
Labour nf thf bruin had b(?ci)me tu him a 
aPOfft of second nature, and in it Li- found 
tb0 chief ftnd almost only plea^uiv in lift-.' 
HackensM ww the author of 'Sludic^ in 
Iti>naa Law, with Comnanttivc Viewa of the 
Iaws of Fnncu, I-Jn^Uind, and Scotland,' 
ISfii n clear and wBll-arranp'd tosi-biolt, 
which has passed into ttwuial i-ditions. 

[SootiBwn. 29 S«iit. IM9; Men of the Time; 
ilta of the K^i^.] 

MACKENZIE, WTLLLiM, fifth E*Ki, 
or SCAPOBTH (</■ 1710), known nmonK the 
hi glitmndftT * aa * Williiim Dubli ' (the black), 
lbs ridNt MQ of Kenneth, fourth earl 



(q. t-]. by Lady Fhuicea Herbert. Shortly 
After tin socasaton of Ovorge I in I7U he 
wa« ordtrrMl to confine himaelf within hia 
own oaAtle (RiB, IRatorp tf tha BiAMion, 
«dit. 17-11, p. 77). He attended the mmting 
convened by John Erakine.anrl of Mar [ \*\7o- 
173i) fq. vj, at Bmemar in 1716, wh<_'n Ihe 
ttatKUrdof^the IVit^nder was raiictl. At 
iht b«ad of orer thre«> thousand men. in- 
cluding ihe Macdonaldf, Rowes, and otliOTw, 
he ftet out in (ictobi-r to join Mar nt Port.h 
^i6. p. SW). John Gordon, earl of Sutlier- 



I. p. 
land (1668-1733) [o. T.].onde«vourcd to tnr 
hia paaaage, but ou h^iug attacked n>In.>ate^l 
to Bcmar (ft. p. 331), and St-aforth, after 
Twrniing his country and culk'ctin^ Inr^ 
OUSlltiti«« of booty, crititintii<<d hij« :iiaroU 

' •mtthwaid^. He wan preaent at SberifTnutir. 
Aft^ the battle he was nominate hy th« 
Chrrali^r Ueutcnant-pincralandcommander 

I of tb« aorth«m countien, and went north to 



endeavour tu n.-coror lavoruL'u, which had 
Iwt-n captured for Iho govenimMit by Simon 
FriLser, lord Lorat [q. ^-^ ('K«rl of Mar'a 
Journiil ' in I'atteW, Iltftory uf fAe JitMUon, 
part ii. p. 117). Althnugh join(>il by .\lex- 
andcrGnrdun.marquisof Uuntly.afUirwanU 
iiecond duke of liottlon [(]. v.], ho was un- 
able to raise forces &utRcit;nt to male* way 
against the Earl of Huthfrland, atid f^avti ia 
their submlaaion. Shortly iLfWwards Si<a- 
forth crossed over to the island »f ]a>wib, 
wbere he ondoBvoured to colluct a numberof 
his followcra; but when a dutacbmeat of 
aovcrnmPDt troops had hcum lu^nt nsainst 
hin, be L>«caped to Uoee-elure, whence he set 
«!ui for i'"miir»', reaching' St. Germains in 
Fi^bruar^- 1716. Oa 7 May followinf^ ho wa« 
altainCvd by parliament and his estates for- 
fL-iri-d. 

SeafurtU accompanied the Eorl .Marisrhal 
fflf^cKmTII.GEOROVftirrnthEAHL&t&KlSCltiL] 
in hi» expi-diliou to iho wofitvm hiitlilands 
in 17iy. Ue wwi MTerelv wuundfil mI tha 
battle of Gluu^hiula ou lO June, but was 
carrit-d nn buanl a vessu] by lii.t follxwvrtr, 
and, escaping to the ^Veatern [a1i:s, retnrned 
thence to Vraiici-. 

Nntwith.4lanilin)r hiA forfeiture, his fol- 
lowere,iniEpileof the vigilance of the govem- 
mvni, ref^larly mint him their renr» in hia 
exile. After the panning of the di«arming 
act in 17iJ6 they, however, agreed on hia pri- 
va1<> rocommL'udution Xo giva up their arms, 
ami in future to jiay rt-ut to th« giiVi^rnini,'Qt 
on condition that ihevwere discharged of 
111! arivarx. To t.luit ^Vndu not only agrevd, 
but also promised to utte hu inRu^nco to mv 
ouro a pardon for Scafortb {Loekhart Papen, 
ii. 196). The ©fForla of Wade on behalf of 
Setftoth, althougli strongly opposed by John 
Campbell, second duke of Argyll [q. vJ, 
wore successful (ib. p. 300). I!y luttrn 
patent of \1 June 1720 Seaforlb was din- 
charged of the penal consequences of his 
nt.taindiT, allbough the forfi-iture was ni^it 
r«reTaed. From George II he reoaved & 
grant of the arrears of feu duties due to the 
pniwn oHt of big forfeit<>il eatates. Seaforth 
I n-aa led to seek pc>aCB with tbe gOTemment, 
partly on ibe ground of dts»at i^ction with 
' ni» tn-fltnient by the Chevalier. He«!tcnM.-d 
I to the Chevalier his acceptance of the terms 
I of the government as a tempomry escpedlent 
abiolutvly necessary for 1L0 protection of his 
clan, hut Ihe Chevalier was deeply hurt at 
what he deemed a desertion ol Vis cause 
(wM correioiondeiece in Appi'iidtx to fftuart 
Pnperg, edit. Glover, \Mt 1. Seaforth died 
i^ Jsn. 1740 in the inland of ]>'wis, and was 
buried there in tho cb&pet of Ui. 

By hiswi& Mary((f.l730),only dau^hteT 



Mackenzie 



164- 



Mackenzie 



i 



and bnirew of NiclioUa Kwini't of Coxtujw, 
Nnrtlmtnberlari'l, he liad three dons: Ken- 
neth, lord Furlrose, who was il.!'. Biicc^e- 
•ively for tho lnT<-m«»3 burgh* nnd Koe»- 
shirc, frideil with iht> ^tvernnu'nt in the re- 
hellion of 1745. died lU Oct. ITtJl, u.nd wns 
buriud til VVoKLiniiiHTt-rAklHiy : Konuhl, d ti>d 
miuiHrried.aiidNLcholfts, drowned bL Uoiiay. 
SBafortli'B only Jaui^liliT, Frances, nurrlud 
0x9 Hull. Jiiliu Uurduit of Kwnmurv. 

[BioUiriHe of ihti B«lioUian bjr Riie Hnd Fat- 
tou; Lojitlurt THfers; Sirnirt prti»iiw.od.GloTpr ; 
MnekonBie's History of t ho MiLckcnEiM, pp. 'ill)- 
2-li; UougU*'» Scjlttsh I'eeriif.-ef Wui>(l),ii, iSi.] 

T. F. H. 

MACKENZIE, WILLIAM! 1701-1^68), 

8ur^'w>n. hnrn iii IJinputi Stre»t, CilHSgow, on 
29 ApriL I"iU. was snn of Jnnww Mackiiniio, 
a muslin mnnnfactiirer {ti. IHOO). He was 
oducuteci ill tlic f^nmmar achoot lu^d in the 
umver«ity of liiit nutivu luwu. Hu tlii'n 
turned hia attention for a short time to lhfii>. 
logy, intendinff to bDComo a minlslur of tUo 
cliiircli iifHoilland, hill in IHIO, nluiitdoiiln^ 
dirinit^, ha hi^gaa tho study of tnedicina in 
thm univprsity of GIrsrdw and in thn Itoyal 
InflrmarT nf that city. In 1813 lie wnji 
* residi^nt clerk 'to Dr. Uicbard Miller at the 
Glasffow Itoyal Infirmnry, and in ISI5 ho 
ubtninLiI ilu; diplooni of tli» Tiiculiy of I'hy- 
lici&na and 8iir]^eonn. Aft«r a short slav in 
London, tvliorv lio [itt'nidud lltv lLvtiin>i^ k'^'*^*" 
by AbttniMtby utHt. Hartbolomew's Hugpilal, 
he residt'd in I'arla, Paria. and Vienna. In 
Vi<>iin» iiH Hiiidittd iind«r Von liwr, wlio en- 
crturayed his early bias towards Uio surfffiry 
of the vyv. Karly in 1818 hu ruturnud honn;. 
On 1 May of that yomr Iw b.'cnme a member 
of lh« Iloyal College of Siirgieons of Eng- 
land, und wndtftvoiirLMl to practisii in Lon- 
don. Hia niimo aiipeare nmoug ibe Uet of 
muiubera of the cqIIuks for lf*]l). wIibti he waa 
HvinK in N«wmun .Sln^ct, Failing, liuwt'vur, 
to tiatjibliiih liiinSMir in IjOiidnii, hit n-tiirmxl 
to lilaajrow in ISIO, and in tlinaaniHycar lia 
took thtf nddiLiynal dijiloma of Wlow of th« 
Faculty nf I'hywr inns and Snrjfpnns of fllaa- 
goff. Ue also com mc-nc^d pyneral prac- 
tice, and lectur.^il upon a vnrirty of raMicul 
rtiibjoots in Andcreon's Tolipge, the extra- 
)ii?adi-iiiit.'iLl Bchoal of m(>dicine in Glasgow, 
Iticnnjiniction with rr.Montoftllili'i'founcIi.id 
{111' K\t' Iiilinnary in lH:f4,and in 1^28 he was 
apiiointedWallonian lecturer in thpuni varsity 
of Olu^K^w 'un tliv Htrucliir-, functions, and 
i)i»t'ases of Ibe eye' In IH.'W he pnweeded 
M.D. at Ulai^w, and in 1S43 ha v/aa onu ot 
t li« surjleons upon wliom t.lu" tK^wly iii*titiitiid 
fidlowsliip of thf! Koyal Collepo of SurifEona 
of T'loffbind waii<Mnri*rn>d hannrU rauMi. Mix 
diploma l>Qar» tkia d&te 11 Dec. 1&43. He 



was appointed suTyvun-ucuIust lu titw tjuvpn 
in Scotland in iBIlft. He died at fJlaspow, of 
angina pectoris, on SO July ISCt'S, luaviuf; » 
vidow and one son. 

Mackenxie was one of the Bunreons who 
raised ophthalmic siir|^cry to the nigh place 
which i[ now htdds amon^ ilie ^pi-cial 
hrauclica of mudical scii^ucw. His scifutific 
aliainmunCe arubcfll ill ust ruled by bin 'Prac- 
tical Treali»u on tliH l>i«rii>«!B i»f the Kj«' 
(1830), which remained iba standard book 
on itn dubji'cl unlit the introduction of th^ 
opluhalmctiicii^ in IM5I effected a radical 
cnangii in the diagnoaia and treatment of in- 
tmuLular disHiuut. The book wim IrannUted 
into Qiinnan in 1833; into Frenrb, in an 
edition which was not authorised by .Mac- 
kcnrie, in lt<ll,iind in an authoriMd version 
in I8r>(i; while a auppleuient, corrected by 
the nntbor, was issued by Messrs. Warlomont 
and TextfUu at GruMC-ls as latid^ as 1406. 
In England fnur cditioma were lasued, Ibe 
Lust apuearinj! in 1834. Maukuuzio nlso 
wroli? tun fc)lli>wing works nprvn tbi* try<* and 
its diseiisea: 1. 'An I'^say on the Oisesitps 
of tb* ICxcrpting Parts of lbi« Larbrymal 
AppnralHa," 8vo, London, Iftlf*. 2. ''Tlio 
Physiology of Vision/ 8vo, London, IKII. 
3. *Tbp Cure of Stmbismns by Siirf^cal 
OjiL-ration,' Kvo, London, IBll. 4. 'On Xhif 
Vision of Objects on and in the Ere,' Edin- 
burgh, 184S. G. 'Outlinr^ uf Oi'^btiialmo- 
lopy,' iSino.Srd edition, 1H.J«. (i, ■ Kudiptioa,' 
6to, 180L He was editor of the first two 
vobimwd of tlip 'OlHugiiw MtHlii'iil Jourtijil.' 

Thfirfl is an escellcnt oil-paintinp of 
Muckenxie in the Eye Infirmury m Glusgow, 
by Sir Daniel Mdciioi'. l',U.H..\. It ha* boon 
engraved by Messrs. Maclure and Macdonald, 
ofGlusgow. AnothcroiUpuinlingin iLi^read- 
injf room of lh« Kiicully of i'liyeiiclana tnd 
l^urgeous of Glasgow, presented by Mrsk 
MaCKOuziu, is a n-plicn of a patnting by 
Ali-xauder Keith, wiiicb is in bur poMnwiion. 
Mrs, MackenEie also jioesi'saea a marble bust 
by Mr. Oivirgfl Kwing, a n-plica of which in 
fn>p»tone a^lnrikH the gable on the west front 
of theXewKyt Infimiary in Berkeley Si nx-t, 
Ciliuijnw. Lithograph portrail.* apponmd in 
thft '.\nnales d'ocuUstiques' for l^ttJf* (with 
obitunrrnoticeby Prof«^«fti>rWsrlnmnitt) and 
in the ■ Memoirs and Porfruitu of Onw Hun- 
dred Glasgow Men who hiive died during 1 bft 
last Thirty Years,' Glnseow, 188»f. 

Maokt-niio's meiliciil Jibrnry is now il^- 
corporated with that of the Faculty of Phy- 
sicians and Surgt'ons at Glti^guw, and his 
collection of prvparations of tht^ eyw in pr«» 
served in tbi* medical school of St. .Mungo'.4 
Ciillegi'. Hnth ibt'sn vnliiiiblii gi fts Were inB>li» 
byMockentie'a widow and son. 



[ObttMiT notin by br. liBurg* BMiarjr in tli* 

Olnogitw .MihIicwI Journal. 186^. iHTWTr. i. 6-13. 
AdiiiUoMi tuct* kihI ilntitii kindly vnpplisd by 
Dr. U. E. Owl^ profewor of nnutamy iisd <laui 
ol th* m^ltral Acuity, Si. Muiign'a Colloge, 
Q h uigow, Hoil by Mr. W. J. 3fiLckciiz>r.| 

l/A. P. 
MACKENZEE, WILLIAM HELL 
(160ft~1870), diviDP, Mnof JnmM MackLtuiti 
of Sheffield, wns bom on 7 April ISOti, luid 
■WM cilueatrfl at th^ granunar scbool there, 
Ikitk hi« fntlit-r and mother died in 1822, 
«nd Mackruzte In^n to kludy Inw, Imt bv 
the help of some exhibition!) wiw e-nablcd to 
vntFC Mutidalvii Hull, Oxford, un iQ Junu 
lt*ao,gradiuilin){H.A. 18.14, Hnci MA. Ih37. 
He l«cuint' curate of Si. James'a. Ttridtol, in 
16S4, and in ISftS incumbent of St. James's, 
SoUowaj', vhere ikft poverty of )ii0 pnn^^li 
loTotvad bim in muca hard work. Stac- 
Icenzie ^dually coMKted n Isfffc con^jrepi- 
tion; heaJvr>c«led llivcauKeof chv Muruviuii 
cburch. And vr&s among the lir<.t to Atart 
4<p«cial »rrvicv8 id Si. Paut'ECullii'dral. He 
OJ«l at Itamagate dn ?2 Nov. IHIO, Icnvin^ 
• widow and sewral cbUdrvn. Ho wiui tbu 
Author of numrrao* works, tltn most impmr- 
fant of which arc*: 1. 'Gle&niu^ from tbti 
Goapel Stnrv.' 1859. 2, ' Hand-book lor 
Cbe Skk; -Hfi <'<lil. i^\. 3. • Marmd [.ife, 
iU Dotiewv Trials, and Joj-s,'IWU; new edit. 
1887. 4. 'Saulof Tar»us; his Lifuiutd Le»- 
moui,' ItW. 0. ' Bible Siudies for FtDilly 
RauJing; 1867. 

[Lifo by GovdOQ Callhrop; Foal^r's Alanoi 
Oxno. 17l5-1986;Al]ibone'sIHeuof EorI.LIc; 
Bril. Mm. Cai-] A. I". 1'. 

MACKENZIE, W1LLLS.M FOIUJES 

^iHtr-l.-HiL' >, of I'urtroorp. I'wbleMbire, jjoli- 
fcieuui, bom on 18 April t^KC. broih'ur uf 
ChftrlM Frederick Mackenzie [ci. v.], wita 
third and cldi>at auniving eon of Colin Mac- 
lunuie, writer tti tin- (•ignrl in ("^Jitiburifb, 
dcputv-keeper of the ai(niPt, and a friftid ol 
Sir Wnllor Scott. Ilismotberwna Elixabi'tb, 
■dsogbcer of 8ir Willinm Forbes 'q. v.] of Pit* 
■ligD, ban. The family was descended from 
the MaokcnzicA of Bnlmannlly, a Toun^r 
liraiich of lhi> .MarkentieK of I JairlocI] , wbo 
claimed aa thi^ir iiro^niior tieelor, iu:in of 
Alexander, sixth uaron of Kintail. ForbM 
Mackenzie wu educalt>l for ihe Uw, ami 
wascalledtotheber in 1827. He suecwded 
Co lhoi>statQ of Poiimore ou the dtiatli of liia 
fiulier in S.'pli inbcr Ir*."!*), and in 1831 wuii 
Appoiated de]iuty-li>-'utejisnt of t1ie couiilv of 
Pwblfo. 11«- hKojwI in tlw ir<'u-i 11, 111 I- 
Bona aa raf!mh«r for that county t'nrn ] •.,7 
to IWI, lftll-7, and l»47-fii;. Huring 
184A-6 be vaa a lord of the trefl^tit^. On I 
8 July 1M>2 be wat elected one of ibe mcm- 



ben for Urerpool, but in tlie rollowingyt-ar 
b« was uiiatrnted ou petition, and Iw vi-a« not 
again returned to parliament, ilia only cdnim 
to ooiieu L8 aa the auibor of tb» act for the 
regulation of public-bouaea in ScoiUnd, ID It 
17 Vict. c. 67, 15 Aug. 18.">.'i, known aa the 
FoHmm ^Incki-nxio Act, wbirb pri:ivi<Ji*s for 
the closing of publtr-housM on Siindftva nnd 
lit tun I'.H, ou we^k days. He died suddenly 
while on a vinit to tb« Vllen, P«-lili>-**birf, on 
2i St'pi. 18B2. By bis wife Helen Anne, 
daii/fbtcr of Sir Jam^s MoulgomtTV of Stan- 
hope, bnronc-t, Im bud n M>ti, Col^n, and n 
dau^Ucer. Elizabeth Helen, who died young. 

[UitokRCino'i lli«t. ciftho Mxrkpniim; C.'hnm- 
boni'* [lilt, of P«'DM»>liira ; Fonirri Mcmben 
of Pnriiiinit-ni for .''ciitlnnit; (Htik-ml Hetnm of 
Mcniliors uf Pirliuiiirut; Auq. KrgiRlcr, 1662, 
p. 372.1 

MACKENZIE. WILLIAM LYOX 
(17Vto-l(^til>, leader of CVaadian iiisuryi^nta, 
boni at iKiudeo ou 12 March 17(15, entered 
whib: still a voutli tlin wrvice of n wool 
tnerchant in l>UDdee. In lH]7 he became 
mannging clt^rk to n. cnunl cotnpnnv in Wilt— 
fihin' ; emigrated to Caniula in ]r^'20, anil, 
after ^rst working ns an engineer, e*tnblialied 
II book-sioro at Quwnstown in 1S2S. An 
ngiialion in favour of popular government 
in Canada was tlicninprogroM. Mackenzie 
aof'ii iiittrf^tcdbimscll iuiNjliiic«and joim»d 
the popular side. He removed to Tnronlo, 
and in Mar 1^24 cotabUsbed an opposition 

fawT, llm '('iiliininl Advucnti".' (In N June 
k2iI a torv mob broke into his otticfl and 
dt'stroyed iLo printing nppaniin<^. For this 
outrage- Miu'lii-nzie ntilninrd iCJ'i/. •Inmngi'fl. 
He rapidly made biiuKlf prominent a& ft 
libt-ral politician. and in IK'.'n wn» cliciL-d to 
tbc li.-gi!ilativ« assembly of lyiyvT C'un&dft 
for the cDuntv of Vork. He nun re-elected 
at [li(i gununil election (ifl^tSO. In the houae 
li« dititiiiifiiinlipd bim*<^lf by tbf violi-n<:e of 
his language: and on his detrribing the 
iniiiiatry an ' nyvoplinntit lit only >■■ ri'gistw 
the dpcfiMw of arbitmrv power,' he wan ex- 
pelled the boii»e. Being twice reelected ie 
I8.'ll bo wnA twico re-i-tpiOI(-"l, wlim thf eo- 
vemmeiu wciircd bis tinnl Mclusion by oi»- 
francbiniiiK tlie county of York. In If^S 
Mackenzie went to England to pn'.-w'nt to tbu 
bomegovernmeul a peliticmou behalf of hii 
fellow-subjects. and wcun-d Ibe diemiasal of 
Hvvorul un[>U|)ular ool^uiiat ollicials. After 
bis return to Canada. Muckensie wa> ch<4nn 
mayorof Toronto in iMavlf'34. At the gene- 
nil I'iectiim in tlie Octowc following bo was 
n—elected fop the county of York, and the 
popular piirty bnvin;; oblnined a majority be 
wa.4 al Iow<k1 tn laki; bis 901 1. and the minutoa 
relative to hia expuUion wero expunged from 



tho jounials of ihf House. A Ctimmitu« of 
grieTaacee, of -which JUackensie was cbair- 
mftn, WMthcn e^tsblislied: and lu invwtiffA- 
-tjons led to the rucall of tho govtunm. Sir JoLn 
CalboniQ [q-v.] Hia succ«mor, Sir l-'runcis 
H<?iul [u. v.], howovL-r, vns BtroaRly in fnvour 
of tilt) old aiilrttTntic ■yBl<-in,nnil ho»lilit_v to 
the porernment rpvived. In Nf)v*>nib.ir lf<3.') 
MsckpDsie WBB »ont by the Iiberul* of Upp'T 
Cftnndft topriVufOTTtiiil vUit W [.niuAJ. I'lipt- 
neaii [([. v.j, the leader of the Lower Canada 
refonniTH. Pntii neiiri wns alri-iidy tliinkuip 
of armed inBurrection, and to hi^ iufluL'nce 
much of Mackeniie's .iiibMMjiient ct>iidiict 
must be nttribiitfld. At thi> ^(^nfral election 
of IWW Btreouoiis etlyrts wuro, in di'fiance 
oftholflw, mndebythepoTernment tobiodnir 
th« rotuni of liU-nil candidaL^g, and Mao 
keiutie, with hiii ninni tntioint*! pnrtUanA, 
Ulsd to eL>cure a seat. Cha^infld at hi^ 
defeat, and bi'lim-iii); that constitutional agi- 
tation was now uoele.'tA, Mnckltn^il^ resolved 
on an appeal to amiB. His paper, the ' Colt^ 
nial Aclvocate,' hod bopn discontitiut>i3 iti 
lt<34 ; it WAS now revivt-d undiT tho name of 
' The Conrtilution,' and employed to preach 
disnOt-clion to xhv ■nliabit&iiLt' of thu ujhii<;r 
proTini*. In July lWt7 a Ti([i!ance tom- 
mittci' woa uppuintf^d tu eEiabli^h iuHurrcu- 
tionary ci-utn-.'* in dLfftTeiit itnrts of llin 
country. On 2 Aug, npiieBretl an extraor- 
dinary ftpmvil of tlu" Toronto reformers lo 
their bmriiers in Lower Cnnndn, demanding 
the assembly of a national congress of deli- 
cate* from t-aeh jirovince, and on ^H Nov. 
JUackenzi(3pukli(.>]y proclaimed thu t-gtahlisli- 
ment of a [irovisional gov»-rnmeiif, IW the 
aid of an <-x-Boi]a|iarCi»t D(li[:E>r, niiined Van 
Kijmf'ud, Matki'nzie had got tngnlhiT f ialil 
liundrf^d men. lie appenn^d at their head 
n«ar Torontu on 4 T>irr. and s-ent a Dit'Miijce 
to the povifTHor to clemand the .wttlnment 
of all RTievunceB by a national conventioD. 
The propriwil was rejected, and a delay on 
Slackeozie'e part gnvo the irovftrnmtint lime 
to collitet troops. The rebels were attackt^d 
on7Di'C.at.'*lontyoiii«i^''HTavi>niandiill«rIy 
defeated. Maekencie manafieil to Mcape to 
Navy Island on thuNiaparaKiver. ITe tried 
lo prjlonj.' tliw iiiHurrection from Araeriean 
aoit,but in 1H3H wns urrt'*1cd by tlm nntti-d 
Stati« povdrnmfml and rondenined to twelve 
uiiinthf' impn-'itnmi'nt for breaking the neu- 
trality lawfi. iMftcli«nri«'ii mnve^ment tlnw 
endetl in failure. It, however, effectively 
called tli'> attention of the homo povemracnt 
to colonial abiise.^. To AlttcVenzio, therefore, 
the oatabliohnicnt of respatuible ^venuneut 
in Canada in laively due. 

After hia releane foim prison Maelcenzie 
ntaaiauil for aomo years in America, and 



POntribnted regularly to the ' New York 
Tribanv,' On the proclomatioD of the am- 
nesty in It^d be returned to Canada. In 
1B50 liu vnm clectud to the lepfllaturc of 
the then united prorinejHi, and aat them till 
lfs58. TIa atartod a joumid, •Mackenzie's 
9teMafji<,* which wiut not a auccvss. His 
name had lont itn attraction, and during his 
latter years ke depended on pecuniary aacist- 
ancc from hiA friends. lie died at Toronto 

on 26 Aug. leei. 

[Lindsflv's Life of "VV. L Mackamin ; 11. J. 
^trirgnn's Skerchts of Olabnlfld Cinudinus: 
llTitonoB of Canada by Daat, Withivw, and 
Bryr«; CanndianFarUamnitaryBvportfl: En^ 
Huh I*«.rliam«ntAry Reporta.] O. P. M-T. 

MACKERELL, BEXJ.AMIN (rf. 1738), 
Norfolk anliiiuary, was second «on of John 
Muekerell, alderman, of Norwich (Aoi^t/ft 
Arrfurn/oi/t/, it. RH-J), hy .\nnf?, duujrhtcr of 
Eliae Browne of the Bumo citv (Addit. MS. 
yaOll. f. *8). From 171li to 1782 ho wa» 
Icbrariivn of the Norwich public library, and 
in the lattar year printed a ' New Catalogue 
of the Booltd, 4to, Norwich. tOj!»t!icrwiihan 
'Account of Blr. John Kirlipntriek's Itoniaa 
and other Ooiqh.' lie died in Marrh 1736 
i^Limdun Muij. vii. 104), and wa» buried oa 
! April fonowing in the chancel of Sc 
Stephen's Church, Norwich (parish rvjiister), 
II'lI iniirried in, 1723, nntl had iH'vpnil rhihin'n. 

Mnrkerell was an n^rnrate, painflakin^ 
antiqiinry, and left work of permanent value. 
Jufit bt^fort- or after his death appeared hia 
' Hiatory and Antiquiliea of . . . Kin^a- 
L)Tin,'yvo, London, 1788, which it chiefly an 
at)rid|rtiinil of Julin (}r«ou'8 tuanoacript col- 
leielious ( Rich inns, Uiit. q^J^n,pp. i, iv). 
The mamincript is now in Lbo poMuauon ot 
Mr. K. M. IMoKdf Lyiin. lie ataoloft ready 
for presa a history of Norwich in two quarto 
TolumeP, which wu« nfterward* «c<[iiiri-d l>y 
Hndfton (Inmey of Keawick Hall, Norfolk. 
Two copies of bis manuscript 'Brief Hig- 
torical Af count of the Chiirrh of Saint Peter 
of Maocrofi, in the City of Norwich . . . 
with Draughts of all tht Monumentti,* &c., 
compilwl in l"3.'i-(l, which ho inlcndi-d to be 
depo*ili.'d ill that church, are in the Britisb 
Museum, Additional MSS. 9370 and i'SUll. 
whcro aru also iwo duodecimo volunii.'s of 
not)"* on NnrfnilltandNorwicbchurebes.with 
inHcriplions coUucted by him, Addiliuiuil 
HISS, 12o2i>-H. H« enpii'd lik.-wi»e the in- 
ficriptions and coats of arms in St, Stephen's 
Church, Norwich ( 172ft-!t7K with I'xatTt mea- 
surement? of each 5tone and braan, addinj^ 
some obnervalions on the parish. This care- 
fully executed niannscript is prewrved, ac- 
cor(lin(ftohiswialt,iiitli«veatryoftbechurclL 



J 



^ 



McKerrow 



167 



McKerrow 



[IIlt>m<'6«'ld'« Nurfolk (Sro edit.), iv. Iftl; 
Hul. of Norfolk (by J. Cbunben); Goagh's 
RntUt) Topognph^r, ii. S. II, |9; WoodwAnt's 
KurUk Tofvgnphvt'it MAnoal, p. 230 n, ; Bv°'> 
IToifolk Topognphy [ I aAex Boe.) : Eut AngliAB, 
B*w Mr. i. 314. i12; N(»folk Ardnmlogx, ii. 
403, iii. 241, 313, riii. 334.] 0. O. 

McKERROW, JOHN (17S9-I867), 
pfinbjtcrian dirinf!, Iwrn in Mauchline, Atp- 
•hlrv, I'l Miiy JTH^, n.'Cvivi'd hi» vwly «nu> 
eatam in thi^ Yillivr<=^ Achnol, Mid in 1603 
wuMvded to GIb6^w Uoiveisity, wlien b« 
diitfiyuitbcd liimM^tf w « ttadent. He en- 
Vani in Aurtui 1^>07 the T>i\-inity ITnll of tlis 
S«MMion Cuurcb «t S(<lkirk,w)ucliwaft under 
tlie AiiTf^ of tbfl Rev. Ih-. Lawsod, bni in 
181;jwiw licetumi to jirvacli by iLe preebytery 
of Eilm«mock. He wu shortly &ft«rvnrds 
ealledbylhccongregatioiuofEock-rwIiiiiiaui] 
Bridice of Teiih. nnd mu ordniiir-d nt Telth 
on i^ Aug. 1813 as coUeaeue Kiid fiuccenor 
to Ibr R.-r. WiUi«m Hetcber. Al ibe Mine 
time McKoTTow for aoine years condurlpd 
-writ bout «^8Utice uid ([ntiutoiuly ull the 
eorreepondenra of the united SHesaion synod, 
ftadeontn^kd to a tmat extent itauiMionuy 
QfM»tioBa. In iHll tbo dffrn« of D.D. wiu 
ConllirRd ujtoa bim by \N'&<bing:tt>u ColI<>^, 
L'AA. His jiihilei" vroM celebrated io Auffiist 
ima. H^! dk'd It Teiih 13 J[iiy \>^i7. lli 
w»» '■mint-ntlydirtingHisbrd for bi» pa-ttoral 
fidt^litT and z«a1. 

McKerrow- published detailed sccoaots of 
tke fiae and proKivM of his church and of ita 
MMJiwif, and bia work is alwayi accurate io 
matt^nof fart and clenrin atylc. Th«liltM 
of bia publication* arc: 1. ' Huttory of th« 
Secaaaion CburcU." IsaO. 2. 'The Office of 
Rnlioir Elder in the Christian Churcli,' to 
which in 1840 a prix» of (lO/. wna awanled. 
3. • Ilialory of the Foreipn Millions of ihw 
Stew ion andUnit«d IVsbytpriaiiChurctiii),' 
1M7. McKfiTOw wan alno a fre(^u<^nt cnn- 
tributnr to the 'Christian Itoposilory,' the 

* Edinbiiixh Thcolfiirical Mng»«inc,' the 

* United Seoenion Aloguinc,' and other te- 
ligioDa periodicalaL 

(TbaabomvoHtihylfeKarrav; btonnphical 
notio* in U. P. Hag. Senlomber 1867-1' 

T. RJ. 

McKEBROW, WTLLIA!i[ flBOS- 
1878), pmabyt^tan divine, hcim in Ktlmap- 
wwk oo 7 S«|it. 1903, waa educatL'd at KiU 
mamock acboot and academv, and tb«^n 
prooerded to ftUHgaw UDivtmty, where he 
diitiniruisbncl hinMelf oa a atudent. In I^^Sl 
he jrtirK-d Ihi- Thfolopicnl Hall nf tht^ S«:e»- 
aion Churfh, under the charjte of the Rev. 
Dr. .TDhn Pick ''a. t.] of Glaaffow, and vros 
jiMowd 10 pcvaea by tlio pr«ftbyt«ry of Kil- 



inaroock in March 1620. In Iho FoUiiwinff 
Tear he woa called both to ('umbrmnuld, 
l>utnlmnanabire, and tu Lloyd Street, Man- 
cheater, to b« colb'aK")' and micc'.'U'jr to the 
Rer. Dr. Jade. Hf* nccepti>d the Inrtpr ap- 
pninlmimt.and became for over half a century 
a pntminfnt figure in tbo social and t-colcM- 
osCicul movemi^nts in Mancbtisier. lit lUiH 
h»> wn^t«- A itrii^* of Ictttr* on church eeta^ 
blislimenla in the ' Manch>:-sier Timoa,' in 
which the ffrievances of diflseutera regarding 
marriages, burials, and the umvorsities were 
discuaaed. The iettitra wrrn aftt-rwanU pub* 
lished in pamphlet form and exteuttivt>ly cir- 
culated. Tboy led in 1^9 to the funuation 
of the Mancheater Voluntary Church Asoo 
cialion. From MSQ to 1840 he took an ac- 
tive jmrl, with Cobden and others, in aj[i- 
tntin^ for a repeal of thn com laws. He 
oppc»od the ^vemment Education Bill of 
16 l<I. which ^ntvogranta to the Roman catho- 
lic colleK>' at Mnynooth in Ireland. 

In 184 tiMcKcrrowprojwtod the' Manches- 
ter ICxarti JiitT.' new ' bxauiiuer and finieg,* to 
expreas the views of advanced libt-raln, and 
v«a ona of tbvfourorigiiitl prupriuturs. Ilia 
contributtona in articlca and Iwttra to tlip 
' Examiner ' were nutnerous, and hi^lrnd to 
nliapi* cnpoKum atilMequently adopted. He 
nd^om(«d a national ayit«m of ednention 
und'T popular control, and waa one of tlie 
founders of thu Manchester Public .School 
AsMciation. HewMalMonoofthu founders 
of the United Kingdom Alliance, of which for 
twenty years he was rico-prceidetir. Citymis- 
aion* and pt-ace and t-manctjiation luiciKii** 
found in McKerrow an able and intrepid 
advocate. He was elected in 1^70 on the 
firet acbool board of Mancho.-trcr, and con* 
tiouL>d a member till his death. Nor were 
public cnf^a^Qicnts pcrmittt-d to intcrfcrw 
with profet^onul dutu^, a;i hia pastoral and 
pulpit work in Urunswick Street conf^g^ 
lion, hill labours in pn-Hbytin'. iind tno ser^ 
vices he reitdered to Loiicaitbint prwtby- 
terianiam abnndantly urored. Thmufjli the 
influenL'tfofChfviilMT JtiinM'n andnlh<.*ni ihu 
nniversiry of Ili^idelbor); in 1K51 conferred 
upiin hiiii the degree of D.P. McKerrow 
n*tir«0 fn>m Chi» acti\'e dutim of th^i po^ 
tomte in Iftt^D, but waa eli'cted moderatnr of 
■vund in 167". With money prewnted to 
him in 1877, on the occasion of bi« miuistorisl 
jubilee, h« endowed a scholanbip fwr pnr*by- 
lerian sludents at Owenfl Colle^, as well u 
e xlii bit ions, uadvr thecoutrol uf theMandioa- 
tir»cb"oUH)arr!. (rf^bdrrncnlbxlhim 'the able 
and unawef^■i^g advocate nf every sound and 
bwnelicent principle,' and IIof(h Mason. M.P., 
wrnt.' rtiparrlinjt liim: "I know no man in 
Manchester or anywhere cLw who baa lived 



Mackeson 



McKewan 




i 
I 



I 



a life nf gnwter purity, LBtuf^ity, ue«.*fuliii».<i, 
and trnv )>ii-1-y.' Hi* mannvr of Hpevch was 
el«nu4?nt and improaaive, but he piiblLihwl 
notliing bfy«nd nti occiMionnl tract, or iht- 
mon. He ni«d at Manctioater 4 Jiina 187t^. 

piBnrkvsu-r ocvepapen; Moftraphinl iiocica 
by \it. 'WillioRi Gnham in th« U. P. Miieasino 
fur August 1878; Mntioiruf William MoKolrir, 
DJ)..l>r his wn, London, 1881.1 '^- ^■^■ 

MACKESON, FurnKiurK {im7- 

18W>. liiruiuDunt-colonel, H.li.I.C setrifje, 
CUiiuuiRitioner at PusIihwilf, srtii of William 
iind Knrrit'tt MnckcHOn, was l)t>rn at Hjllie, 
Keut, 'JH y^pt. I??07, was educated at tlie 
Kind's SchnnI, Canterbury, and in France, 
and in IHH^i rtcuivcd u uuujj'itl ciidvtttUip. 
On 4 IW. iS-2') Jie was aiipoinled I'nsij^ii in 
the (late) Urii Bt-n^l native infautrv, in 
which corpn hr bi-faain liwiti^niint in 1B28, 
and captain in 1^43. In lF<:tl,Bnd fnrseveral 
years afterwaidn, his ri-pinieiit wnsBtalionwl 
At Loodinna. '^hl^ forci^fn orticor9 in th*' pajr 
oflheSjkh ruler, Itiinji'et Sin([h, U6t;d fn— 
qiienlly To visit the Uriti^h political njicnt, 
Sir Claudo Martin Wndv, on whiL-h occnsioua 
youu^ Maeki'son'.* proficiency in I'mich was 
turned luoi.'couDt, Utjwufitfiusbruuiilit tutu 
not in", tliujiiti' tin' modi-st rt-tiriiiji di«]>i>sil ioii 
for which lift was reoiarkabli' to the last. In 
1837 he occonipuniud Sir AIi'X»ni)er Hnnici* 
[g. v.] lo Cabul. He waa aftrrwards s*'nl to 
Bobawulpore as agent for the navigation of 
tbo Indus, in which capacity h(.' was t-mployi-d 
in aurvtiyinff iho rivfr and keeping tide of the 
tortuoUM politics of the Punjab. In 1^38-9 
lie rondvn'd valimblu ai/nicu^ in connvctiou 
with tlif. tini-a of coiumuiiicatton of the army 
of the Indus, These aemcre were recogniie^ 
in 1840, when he was still a siihaHvm, by n. 
brevet majority to qualify himforthfi reward 
of C.B., which was conferred on him, '2i live. 
1*12. Aflur the final Tvithrarawnl of thn 
Brilisb troops fnim Afghanistan, he was 
appointed acting supiTinlenrlcut of Ritttix', 
and aKititflani to tlie iHilitictil e^-tit» in Uaj- 
pnotaiiH niiil at HelUi. During the lint Sikh 
war lie was nnih ^ir Harry SniitliV division 
in th(i fit«ld, (ind wan pnwi-nt at Aliwul. Un 
16 Mnrrh lft4C hftwa.'iappcMiiIod superinten- 
dent of the ("iB-SutUy territory. As gwveriior- 
genenil's agent hn wa« wilh HukIi Clou^h, 
fir«t TtwDunt (Tough [q. v.}, m the Punjab 
campai)^ of 1848-9, and y*HM'ir*^) tti« ap- 
proTsl of I/irHn Piilhnni>ii> and finiich. Afti^r 
the Wttle of CLillian wallah, Hrigiidier Bum's 
brigade, on this sid« the Jhohim, wan in 
danoer of b«inf^ turni>d by a Sikh force, and 
MaocesonolTKredta nuti^' the Sikh approach. 
Uv found the Jhvlum— 'the worcl and most 
daagvmus river in the Punjab, wide at tbe 



Kouglilv at Calcnlta — in full flood, and no 
Uial at Itand. I>tsinouutiDf[, Msck«*oa awasi 
the rivpr with difficulty, delivoTBd hia nwe- 
Bi4;e, and snvwl ihubi'igadv. He bvcame local 
lieut<-nant-<',3lon<'l in 18-19, and in 1SJ>1, being 
then senior captain of his reigiioeat and a 
brevet lifiit^nant-oolonL'l, waa appoint^ 
couuniaaiouer at Petihawur, in aooceBsioD to 
Oeorf;e Si. Patrick Ijawrence [q. T.) For 
the next two vuars MackeMO was aoployed 
in efiiiria to bring the frontier tril'iea into 
order. Ho woa nMwasinQtud when sit tin? in 
hiK viTandah, lO^Ti^pl. IBThl, by a fanatic mm 
Konc-r.who hail jimt handntl apet itionto him, 
and then attacked him with ttlar^'kuifti. It 
wiiH p/nerally undr-rxtocid (hat a prico had, 
be-t'n at-t on Mackeson's head, although iba 
government di^nied that it wns th»? cn*i: lliS' 
n«^{w»in \rn» tried, and nn 1 Oct. 1653 woa 
hanged. By the advice of John (anerwards 
Lord) Lawrence [q. v.] the murdenr'A body 
was burned after it waa cut down, and the 
ashe-i thrown into a running fltn?am, ao that 
there might ht' uu '))ipurtuuity of umking iha 
bitrvirift-ptacH a tihrine. 

An unprejudiced as well as competent ob- 
server, Sir I>ydtn'v (Iiitton [n. v.^, d««crib<4 
Mnck<wnn aa * a hnl<l and nlErient officer, who 
well knew (he character of the p«"jple with 
whom he had todeal, and that piuiitliinimoua 
men sun^i were not measures of huinanily, 
tending alwavs in the end to disaster and do- 
stniciiun. iJie was the hvxt policy that bad 
l;een adoptrd iiii t bn front irr, although by no 
means in common with the views andwisiwri 
of ili^tant Indian govrrnments.' 

[In formal inn obtaiiioil frntn tlia lodia OfBoe; 
Imlian Army LiMs: Sir lj>'dn«y Coitoa's Nina 
YrarKfin the N.-W, frontier, ch. i. ; H. li<i»wrtrth 
Soiilli*Bl,ifeofI.(inJIjnrrenffli,).«l'2-lS;Tnilli.T« 
Inilia uiidor Vieii^ria. ii. 139. ii& ; Gent. Mat;. 
IHfil. in. i. pp. '2IW-1.] n. M. C. 

MrKEWAN, DAVm HALl. (I81B- 
1^73), waler-colour painter, bom in Londoa 
on llJFi'b. 18H1, was son of David lIcKewan, 
managiT l« .Muaars. Hall of CuMom-House 
tjuav. Lower Tbamoa Street. I.«iidon, and 
Matilda, bis wife. He studied water-colour 
piiiiiliiig undiT David Cox th* eldf-r [ii. V.\ 
and exhihiliKi at the Hoyal Academy in If^Sti. 
McKewan ubtitiued eome notv as a walvr> 
colour painler, iwiic^ially in drawing rocky 
Boenes and the interiors of old mansions, 
anch as Knole, Haddon Hall, &c.. Tl* wa« 
elected an aam^ciaie nf the Koyal Inatitule 
of Painters in Wnter-colnura in 1841<, and a 
full incmlkT in IMO; he was a large . 
Iribiitor to the exhibitions of that kx 
McKewan died on 3 Aug. Itf73. He : 
lisheKl in ]85» ' LcMona on Trees in W 
Colour*,' and made tbe drawings for K. 1 . 



« 



I 



L.«itch's ' Lind»c«pe and other Studies in 
Sepia,' piiMi*h«l in 1870i 

[RnlgnTc'a Diet, of ArliiU ; Rmvos'a Diet, 
of AnJMs, 1764-1880; prirate iuXuniuitiuii.t 

L. C. 

MACKOILL or MACGILL, JAMES 
id. i&id), of Nifther Itaokeillour, clerk iv 
eitur of ^otUnd, wm tb« ^'Idest «on of 
Sir Jamee Macfrill, lord prtivost of Kdin- 
bufffb, bv Helen Wftrtllfiw. daughter 'tfWard- 
lawof 'lorhe in FifwJiir*). IluwudinluoiUfJ 
•t tlw university of St. AiKlrewo, Imvinif been 
inMrporatfrd in the coU«^ of St. Leonard's 
in l-VTi. IVobably Iw atWrwkrdg studtvd ai a 
fnn-iffn uniTersitT, fop it wa* not till 1 March 
l&4t*-dO that Lu was admittt^d a niembor uf 
lh.'Facu!tyof Adv«ic«e™. On4MnrTb ir».Vl- 
ltir>4 be waa conBnned iti paju»Pifflion of the 
l&ndvof N'^thfrRankpilloiir, ¥ih(ffry. Mag. 
aig. Scot. IMtMW. entry 900). (.>n 2'> Jtinf) 
16U be was appointed clerk rei^isler, and on 
90 Aoff. following- WB« made an ordinary lord 
of aeaaion. Iluwa* oneof the coiuQiiviom'rt 
finrthe treAtTof L'pfietlin^on, iterwieksbire, 
on 21 May fCW ( Oil. Utate Papcn, For. 3«r. \ 
1£5H^9, enlry 717). 

Mackgill fKcna to bare retnaioed faithful 
to tbe mm-n rcg«nt in hnr t'dnt.pnt with thii 
Ionia of the con^ntinn, and iii KiHO lo^^k 
reAuv with her in tbe castle of EdinbuTKb. 
Bf liVIl he had, however, 'failfii in fanii- 
liarity' with Knox, and puhlicEy profi^esed 
*tI»n>ligion'(Ksos,irt>rA*,ii. l.J7). Jlurin^ 
the abMocv of Lord Jaiuea Stewart, after- i 
ward* Earl of Moray, on an embaaay from tbe 
l«irda to QuiNm Mary in Fnuim, he ' trsx-elh-d , 
aaueatiy and »t<iutly ' i bal Mi>thiiig«hi>uldb« | 
done apintt her autboriiy in ^^rotland (ib.) 
On th>' n-lum of Mary to Scotlniid be wan 
riioaen a member of the new privT cnunoil, 
and continued in the office of clerK refiister 
(ifcy. P. C. Scotl. i. 168). SobMqiirtitly h* 
offeoded Knox by tJie eufiport he gave to (li« 
moderate polif v of Lord JaoiM aud William 
Alaiilaod 't\. r.*}, and at a mveling conren(;d 
at hi* own bonae ahortly aAer tbe (|iieen'a 
rvtum opposad the proposal to ileprivL' the . 
quwn of the uau (Ksoi, Wiirkt. u. 291). 
lie was one of a commiMinn appointed on 
2-1 Jon. IS^il-iJ to inquira into the n^ntal of 
Lh« beneRrm ( Riy. P. C. Scott, t. 19(>), itn<I 'vf 
m 5abee(jueat commission for modilyinff llie 
minirten' «tipen<l>i ( KNox, Works, li. 31L)>. 
He aocompanicd I^rd Janio), croAbed Earl of 
Sloray, and the rjoeen during their progrefia 
in tlw north in \^)C>2, which was sin^aliAod by 
the rebellion, defeat, and dvalli of (iourgu 
Gordon, fourth earl of Iluntly ^q. v.] 

Altbottgh generally faithful to Moray, 
Maekgill did not join him in lua rebellion 



in \hGb, Qu acfouEit of ttio queen's inarriaga 
I to iJamley, but was concerned tii llie plot 
lor the murdur of Kixzio, and on the return 
of the qiievn to Kdinbiiri^h frum riunbor 
escaped to tht> highland.*. On 19 Murcb 
I hiMt-i\ hv waa RiitamoniMl to appear before 
the counril tn answer for th«! murder, and 
failinft to do so was put to the bom ( Hr^, 
P. ('. firnfi. i, W"). lie wa.^ also deprired 
of the oRice of clerk re^rialer, whieli was bo- 
At'iwwi on Sir James Kalfoiir. {Shortly before 
ibobapltsaioftheyoungpriucu James in June 
1 'idB hewaa, however, rvstorvd tofiivour{ (."al. 
State Paper*, For. Ser. 16ti6-*<, entry 72a). 
.M»ckf(ill «it on thu assizo which excul- 
patt-d llothwell from tbe murclerof Ihinitxy, 
but after BoihweH'e marriage to the ^iiBen 
waa ont^ of the mnnl artive jn conlnring 
means of revenge for the murdcir. When tho 

Snwn bad been dei>n8(«l at Lochteren, he waa 
eputed, alonjt witli .Sir Jnmes Mrlvillc fq. v.1, 
t«> meet -Moray at Herwick, and ask bim to 
undertake tho eovcmment. Ho was restored 
by Moray to the ofTa-tt of clerk rogistvr in 
Deoember 1567, and gradually superseded 
Alaitlnnd of Lothiiigtun lu his coalidence. 
Afler Mary's flight to England Iia accoin- 
pauiod 31oray to tho York and Westminster 
cmifrrciK-V-v From York liwwasin NoTerab«r 
l*'j(lR sent to have a special confennoe wilb 
KllKsbetb, being selected by tbe regent to 
ncoonipanr Mftilland, ■ not m much to assiat 
him, ah To watch over him and to spy wliat 
would bi'hiscArrin^e'(CALSFSWC>OS, ii.447). 
Wbetithequestionof the divorce of Queen 
Mary eame before tho paHiiimwit a! I'nrtli 
ill Jnly 1-VM', a violent debate took place 
bctwei-n Mnilland and Mackgill, MncKgiU 
asacrfing that to grant the qtieen'ii requeat 
wiiiild in tbe cin-umetance« be tre4iBon and 
blfljphemy(HiidAon to Cecil, Ji Aug. \tA}H,'ni 
Cat. State I'ap^t, For. Ser. l-Wy-71, entry 
.ti;8). The bitlcrncss tritb nbicb Mackgill 
waa r^arded by tbe Maitlondii may be 
gathered kota the pretended ' L'onfereuce' 
of Ibo n^grnt, written by Tboiuns .Maitlund 
[aee under MaituSU, Sir HichardI. There 
the ri'gent is reprfsentod as keeping VackgiU 
to speak lust Ikv-'susl' buwas'a nylie ehtild,' 
and the advici' be gives tin- n-g«-iit Lh to 'put 
them outof the way that mayor hath desire to 
binder yon '(CAi.IiF.RWOOR,n.W4: 1Eli~n«TtD 
BASKATtSK, Mrnwrials, p, 12), .\ftfr the 
a(>»aS"ination of Moray. Mackgill, at a con- 
fi^rence held at tbo in«tanceof Jatni^ Doii^lojf, 
fourth earl of .Morton, with the JJiigliidi am- 
bflssadore, act<?d aa chiof spokesman, and 
a^surfd them ihut if Eltxobetu would, a» fuf 
merly, secure their religion, and aMi«t tbera 
to resist the invasion of tbe country by 
foreignen, Ibcy wonid b» aa faithful to hi^ 



BA Morar had been (HiidEton to Eli»ilM<(h, 
SO Jim. I'»fj9-70.quoifd in 1 ttlsk'* f 0*0/0/ 
ofUf^'tlan^t, tfi. IHW, iii. .121), Ilrt filsoprn- 
postnl that ghe should B^e to the seleclion 
of thp Earl of Lennox as rt-ptnt {ib. ) 

lu JA70 MnukgLliacrampruiicU .Moctoii on 
a special miBsiou to lingfand, iu regard to 
the custody uf Qiiii-n Mary. Ho L'uutiiiUL-<l 
one of tli« uiosl Ntfailfiuit of bt?r opponents, 
and was euppoRed to have bt.'«Q ohietty insLru- 
ui'.tiIhI in prvT'intinji nn iiji^i.imunt Wtw'-i-n 
Morton ana Hir William Kirkcaldv [c\. vjnf 
GraiigH ia UjTI (Uniry to Cecil, ij Jan. 
].-.70-l.in f'at.filat''rapwr»,Vrxr.i^T. ItiOli- 
11571. fintryiriMl. On *2fi April bw lioiise in 
EdJnbiirtfh wag yntered by a force from (he 
owtie iindtT Captain Molvillc, and 9omn of 
hie ser^anrs carried away cnplive (Kichard 
BAsyiTTSB, Aftmiomif, p. 113; Calder- 
wooD, iii, 70, wLo urruiivoualy eiatiit that 
Mackgill's wif*', iiiiititail uf thp wife of a neigb- 
bi.>ur, WU8 sliLm)> SbortiT iifterward^a Msck- 
g^ill n\*>nlriBd trt riMii'ivr Iii* platn and ntbKr 
valuables to Pinkie, but in the transit they 
wirn in Mnv lo71 captured by a party frntn 
thftcnmli' (UASNAxrSB, p. 119; rirniry to the 
priw council, 13 May, in Oti. Htnte Papers, 
For.' Ser.1569-71, entry I69H), In lo7l' bis 
house woR dcstroywl by tlio g^irrisoti to pi^>- 
cure firewood (BArfSAtrSK. p. 1*;M>. 

.Muukf^ll wof, [ilon^; with tlpurg-c Buelmuan, 
cbosMi ari exlraurdinarv cnifHiWr uf ibi? \wvf 
cuuncilf elected on 24 March 1577 -ft, after 
llie fall of -Morfcm, to inanngv iiiTatrs till the 
mcclin^ of parliament. In April h** was 
Bi'lrTti'd to answer tliu reasoninjj of David 
I.ind*Qy [q. v.], Iii-'bop of Koas, in rofrTcnw 
to 'the luKfty of ttie kirk,' the rifjuU bein^, 
according to Culdcrwood, that '({ood men 
bofran to look for little good of t tiis new eoun- 
tW {llisto/y, iii, 401). He was also one of 
tbo now toiLucil chofiun after tbi- rntilication 
by patliftiuntit of tbn iiinj,'')i aro-ptaiirp of tin? 
covcminent. Ho died heifnre lo Anp. I57f). 
liy liin wife Janvl Adnmson hv had twoNjns: 
JamflS JIapkpil! of Nftbfr Rankfilloiur. from 
whom deecendad the MackjfilLa, viscounta of 
Oxfiird; and I>nvid Mnckpill of Nisbct, who 
WBs kinfj'a ndvocate and ft loni of i<.i?^i<>n. 

[Rug. P. O.Scotl.ToIs.i-iv.; I'ftt.Siatfl I'nprro, 
Fiir.8Hr.,duritii(thnrfignof Klinibelh ; Ilistorifft 
of Knox, CjddiTwiHid, and Bmrhiiniin ; Ilist, of 
JftTnoithoSBXt.TliehiiTrt BannJityne'a Slcriorial*", 
Blid Sir Jnmpa MflvilVn Mom-uin (nil Eiinniityno 
CluLi) : Kruntou and Hnifc'a Sunatoiv uf tho C<>1- 
lefTD of JuBtif^e. pp, (lO-IDO; DongliuV 8coMit>li 
PMmgP nVood). ii. 315.] T. F. H. 

McKlE. JAMES ^816-1891). Bums 
collttcior, born nl Kilmaraock on 7 tlct, 
1816, was apprpnticod to Iliiffh Crawford, 
publiabt^ri the succeaaorof John Wiltton, who 




printed tlte first edition of Bums'a 
.\ fit- r a «liort «n|niKement iu Elgin he se 
in SsltRoat^ ri» a book»clkT, and publiiibcd 
thv 'Ayrabire Wreath' and lh« 'Ayrshire 
Inspi ri>r/aniinalsof good literary preTenaiona. 
Ou the relireni«».t of Crawford, in 1>44 ba 
bought his buaineBH at Kilmamork, nturtnd 
the ' Kiluiarnovk .Toiima1,'nt!d aubscquentlr 
the ' Kiluiamoek Wi-t-kly Pout,* and iaeu?cl 
^vveral bookB.chiflfly of local iniereat. Il was 
a.* M pub1ii>h(T and collector of books con- 
nected with Rum» that b« attained distinc- 
tion. The (crowing vbIub of ibo early edi- 
tions of lluros augeeated the idea of fao- 
nmilea, and these ha iMued in 1867 and IM60. 
Lie pnblisbed aiao the Kilmarnock 'popular' 
edition of Bums (2 vols. 1871 ) and Ibe Kil- 
maniock 'centenary' c-diliou ri voU. ISSti), 
lie aUo issued ' Bihliothera IIum«iHiia ' 
iimm, the 'BiiriiB Calendar' (I874t, *A 
Mamial of KMli^oim iiidinf,' compoiM^ by 
Williaoi llnmf«8, the pn^t'."* falbor, pubtiehea 
for Iht. fir»( tinie<|S7f,J, and 'The Hiblio- 
gTuphy of Kobcrt Burn*,' an claboratn Hat of 
nil the editions of Boms and contribution* 
to BiirnV literature known to exist, and of 
tho locale of Kurns' MSS. uud other ndics 
Cls81). McKie diod at Kilmaniock -JfiSfpt. 
ltJ9I. His own librurv of books ooncoming 
Burns, of n*-arlv eight hinidn-d volumwi, was 
the moat coupftiti! broiij^ht together. It was 
pun-bniniil by subscription for 350/., and is 
now in The niusemn of the Rnms Momiment 
at Kilmarnock, which waij erected largelj 
owing t« McKi»>'« cxi-rtion*. 

[Kilniaraotik Standard, 8 Oct. 1891, whwe 
McKii'i'a portrait \» ffivnn; priva.t« iufoTOation 
from his ■uri-in-Invr, Tbiinaa F«rgiiiiaD,wq., Htm' 
futd Uoiuc, KilmarDuvk.] J, C, B. 

MACKIE, JOnX (1748-IS31). phyri- 
cian, the eldcttt of a family of fi^i^^n chtldren, 
waa born ill 174Hat Ihinfnrmliiiu .\lib<^yin 
Fifeshirf.'. In 176S ho coaimenowi his nit^i* 
cal «tudivi« at Kdinbiirgb, and on lenring the 
university he nettled at Huntingdon. .\lKiut 
1792 hv removed to Southampton, and ihero 

firaf tised with gn-at success till 1814, when 
le left for a ten years' tour on the continent, 
where be only practised his profession occa- 
sionally, but numbered among his pAiienta 
th-1 i)Ut;4*n of Spain, tho ex-kitig of tlolland, 
and other persons of rank. In 1819 he print4.-J 
ununymoiLt-lyutVevayfurprivatedistnbution 
a ' Sk'-Lc^h of a New 'rii.ory of Man,' wliirli 
was tmnslatcd into Frt^nch, and reprinted in 
Knglii-h nL Barb, 1822. On his return lo Eng- 
land, after pa.«sing <ii>vcm1 winlerc at Bath, ho 
remoTed to Chichester, where be died 'JM Jan. 
18.31 at the Bgeof eiglity-thrco. Ho married 
in 1784 the daughter of a I'Vench clurgyman. 




McK inlay 



171 



Mackinnon 



who truuluted mlo Knglisli th« ' L*ittera of 
Madame de SAriini^,' published in Londan, 
ISmo, 3 Tol«. 1802. Sbe Aied at Vev»y tii 
1918, IcftTing one ton *n<l one daugKt<^T. 
SlMKie was K religious mux and ao attached 
member of th« church of England, notwith- 
standioff his ikotti«h paienlaga aod educa- 
tion, tie wu most liberal to his patienta, 
and Dt SoutlioiDplou ohuwd pvai Lindnuiu 
tonunifnju* Frvncli^migrauta. Uftwoafond 
of readinjT, and was veiT popular in Bociotjr. 
jtliiu L. M, H«wkini*,inhtir'M«'moir», AiiBO" 
dotefl,\^c. (i.:ilO),calliihimamoi)t affnwable 
coDver&ationisi. A fine [mrtrait of uioiwiA 
mint«<l in ininiature hy G<fOige Englebcart 
[q. T.j in 17^1 |th<> dnte of h'u marriage); 
ftootber bv Wnrchnionf Moore in ItWt' was 
Cfifp^vi^d by Snmufl FrMman [q, v.] in the 
Btmv ywir, aud a drawing in water-colours 
■was executed by Slater in 1808, 

JQmt.3bg. 1831. pt. it. p. S76 ; Ann. Diofi. 
Obit Tol, xri. I832i Georgian Era, val. ii. 
IB».] W. A. O. 

McKINLAT, JOHN (IPIS-IBTS). Ai»- 
troltan explorer, bom in \t*l9 at SandKanlc, 
OfttlieClyd«,eiiufrTatcd in 1836 toNoir South 
Walt* to join an uncluwhowa»B pTo^>ix>u8 
•qaatlcr. IIo took up &tveml runs tii'sr lh« 
South Auctnlian bordvr, and quickly mudv 
A nniutation k« an t-xpiri ku«hman. 

wlen in li*tll the pireniment of South 
Auilrnlia deeidvd to M>nd nn (■xiKKlition to 
trace the fate of Rohert O'Hara lUirle and 
'W'ill»,aadeflect further exploraiion.tLv com- 
naikdwafloficrcdlo McKinlnv. II« left. Adi>< 
iMdcon 16 Aug. ISOl, and within ttire« weeks 
ci tlia date of the grant of the aaaembly waa 
AtKapunda. Hi«partyDuDiti«ted«fftl)out ti'n 
tDen.and beaides hones be took bult*>cksand 
csqwIb, Bfl well as sheep fur food, lie provod 
that I.aktt Tunvm diil not exinl, but chiiii- 
upon aereral new lakcft, one of which waa 
-named after him. At Cooper'n Cr«t>k b" 
found ihi^ ri^mairi.infOmy, Till'- first victim of 
the Burke and Wills expedition: under tbe 
impcMsion, afWrwarda corrr«t^, that h<^ had 
difoovered the gravtt of tbe leadi^n, he pro- 
ceeded to carry out the second part of lii» 
inslnict ions, and explonrtbp count rybetwctm 
Kyrv'» frvvk and LVnltal Moura Stuart. He 
aliuek the coast at fiulf Carpantarta on 
19 Uay 1863, hui did not actually get to 
the aea. Turning southward.*, be made hi.4 
my orer the nwuntaius of Quet?nf land, and 
acniM llw Bnrdektn IUvit to l*nrt IVniMin, 
which be rmched on 2/* ?*-\n. l^)*.!. Hi^ had 
loat none of his party, but ihey had been 
nduecd to th« greatMt straits, und lind caf^n 
most of tbn camels and h<irKes, ns well as 
the other animals Uiat they brought with 



them. 'Th>.- |ivcuttnr incidonta met witb 
threw an entirely new light upon the phjw 
wcoi (tei'Bnipliy of some parts of the desert; 
. . . «nii wr must odd that for cool jicrM- 
verance and kind consideration for hi8 fol- 
lowers, for modeaty, and yet for quiet daring, 
McKinlay was unequalled a» an uxulorer* 
(Wood), Forthisexpt-dition the South Aui^ 
traliau govcmmenl voti-d .McKinlay 1 ,000/.; 
iLe public of the irdUmy jireM-j»twl "hiin with 
a testimonial, and the Itoyiil Ciwigriiphiral 
Bocietv wilb n jji.ild WKtcfi. 

In {vptember \stiii iMrKinlny was again 
deepatcbed by the South AuKimlian govem- 
m«nt to exploi* the norlbcm territory in a 
peculiarly nuny acaaon, from ib« ptriU of 
which ^icKinlay's extraordinary ingenuity 
sceuis alone to hnTO saved his party. 

On hisrelumfrom thi« jourut'y McKinlay 
returned to pastoral occupations, hut hia 
liordehip) bud wuni htmuui.and hu dit^d un 
31 Doc, 1S72. He wiis married. A nioiiu* 
meut wofi Qrocted to him at Qawler, South 
Australia, not (nr from iho point of hia de- 
parture on his great exp^ditinn. 

[l>aYis*s Tracks of McKinlay across AuAtralia, 
•il. Westgartb ; Wood's Hist, of lbs IiiscoTcry 
and Explotation of Auitralla, ful. ii. ; >t<nni-ir» 
Diet. Austiat. Jliog] C. A. U. 

MACKINNON, DANIEL (17fll-IS36). 
eoloRvl and historian of the Coldatrt'iim 
auards, bom in 171)1, was son of William 
Mackinnon, chiof of tbe clan Mackinnon 
{*rf^ AXUKRBOX, iii.27). Willmm Alwxander 
Mackinnon [i|, v.] was his elder brother, and 
Uauii'l lli'ury Mackinnon [q. v.] was his first 
ootisin. On 16 June LH04 he wa4 appoinied 
ensign in t be Coldstreatn guards, in which bis 
uiicle, Henry Mockinnon.authorof ' A Jour- 
nal of ili<j C'ampaigu in Portugal and Spain ' 
(18lil, who fell asa majop-goooral at Ciudad 
Rodrigo, in 1812, wait then u lioutciiant- 
ctiloiiKl. He became lieutenant and raptaiu 
in the rpurimmt in 1808, and captain and 
liiMilenunt-vuionel on 25 July 1614, junior 
major 1R26, fleninr major li^O. and regi- 
mental lieutenant -colonel and colonel in 
IKH.!, He Mr>-«1 with hia rejpment at fire- 
m(tn in l."*0-'); at f'opfnhagcn in lJ?07: in tho 
IVninf'iiiafrom.'II Hec-. 1^08 to AugiisI 1^12; 
in North Holland, .\uguAt lo I>ec(^mbe^ 1814; 
aod was captain of thcgrenadieroonpanyand 
acting second major of his battalion at W ater- 
loo. wbt'o ho wu!t deiipulcbud from Byng'a 
hrigade in the aflemoua <of 18 June) with 
two eampanies, to n.>Jnforce Ilougonmont, 
after Fov nad put thi> Xfwjuiu troops to flight. 
Ho received a severe wonnd in the knce.and 
had bis hoT«e fhot under him. When lieu- 
tenant-colonel of tbe regiment he compiled 



* 



i 



the ' Origin and llUtoiy nf tbn Coldstream 
Duardfl.' London, IHH, 2 Tols, Svo, whicli 
was one ot i\if lirflt, and is still one of the 
biwl botiliH Iff itit claw. 

'Uan' MuctiinnoD.afihia rrienilacAlk-dhim, 
was mmarkiibli^ fur his iximonliuary agitily 
and dariiiu in climbing, vaullin^, and sucli- 
iikf> ^xercisca. Miitiy i-luni>s nnt told of fau 
Uthletic fMiS (mw C'hambf.rs, Kmiiient Seot— 
■nt^n, vol. iii., ami Oent. Mag. lftS6, W. 208) 
and of bib love of firncticnl jiiltw", wSiich wera 
noTtr ill-nftlurod, although they Mmct-imes 
involved liim in sorapfn. Oroiiow rclaU-Ji 
many anecdotes of him, nml ■t*t«w tliHt Jim* 
Orimnlfli[q.r,]thi.'clowH nfii'UHftifl '(.■olonel 
Mnckiiiuon iiad only to put on thein(iil»'y,nrnl 
he would totally oclipBe mv' {RnnintMri'niYjt, 
i. Oil, Grocitiw di-scrihun .Mackimion at* the 
conMant eonipnnioo of llyron ■whcnthc no«t 
wafi at Lisbon durin|,'thvFi'iiin«tiiurwiir( 16. ii. 
105). A iTfU-lmilt, lianilsnnie man. ho waa 
ill later ypars a wdl-ku«wniiK>'rB ubyitl town, 
-at 'VVhil<''9, nnilnlti'-rliiLiintji nf fa.^liiiiii. Il« 
diedftthisri^idpnoein Merifnrd Street, May- 
fair, London, ^".i June IKUl, in liii forty •sixth 
year, Homnrriwl Miss I)i>nt,ilaii)rhtfirnf John 
I)uut, M.I', fwr Pot'Ie, and by her teft issue. 

[.Audcr»ori'(t Seottish Nalion, iii, Z7-& ; t'lmm- 
hr-n'ts- Emineut St'owmoii. vol. iii, j Burke's 
Liiiiduil Oi'iitry. vol, ii. ^ Mdckiiiuoii'a Orifrtn 
wild Hist. foLlsiiviim UuhtiIs. ii. li?, 182, l(U7 ; 
<iTonotr'H HeminiHtcncos (rorisnl odition in 
2 To]».>. i. 33, 81-:;. 2»I-2, ii. l()*-6, 268-60; 
On)l. Mug 183.1 pf. i, p. 2in (r^riaw of book), 
1826 p. 208 (obilnnry ooticcV] B. M. C. 

MACKINNON, liANIEI. HKNHY 

(Iftl.^ \Hhl), Rdliiii-T «nd author, yo'iiiijivftt 
and last stirvivjnp son of Danii^l Mackinn'm 
<rf. 1830) of Binfiel.l. Hi'rksli i n-, bntTi«itr-ftt- 
law, by Kachel Veanians youngest daughter 
and eventual heire»s of Cuptuln Eliot of the 
4"t,h rLipinitnt, wii* Ijwrn on Iti Sepl. 1813. 
Dniiifl Mjifkinnrm l^tj, v.]and William Alox- 
nndprSfat'klminn [q.v.l whfv: hiv fiml cuuHiii». 
1fi>^rudiiuU''[i B..\. at rrinify C'-uIlfg^, l>iil>- 
lin, wlierp ht? was claasical pnienian in 1834, 
and seventh moderator in l^'^!0. On I July 
lS;jfi he wm* <ippoint*-d romi't in the lUln 
lanwrft, in Trhipli Im becrstni' liautenant in 
]t*'.ii*, and captain in 1IS47, He served in .\r- 
phaniatan in lfi."i8 fl; was pre*t'nt at. thi'cap- 
tiiri,' of (ihiizne-.* (ii'^'dal), in the 8ikh wjtr of 
IB-Mi, wliere tie hmd n horw shot under him at 
Uuddiwul, aiidal Aliwul iinii.Sfibi'aon(med;il 
and cIiTrtp). lie aftfrwards exclimiKcd to tha 
<tth draRuon guards (carubinecr* ), and rv^tirwd 
on balf-priy uniitlac)i4-d. While on half-pay 
lie wius for a time naymnrnt-T uf tlw 4.3rd 
light infuntry, and utti'n\*«rd* .it atf-nHicer of ' 
pensionerBut variauseiations, from February ^ 
1864 until hi« rulLroraimt oa full pay, willi > 



l-he brevet of major-getioml, in 1H7m, Ho 
died 7 Jnn. ISM. He married in 1847 Caro- 
line, yminijest daup;hl«r of Thomas Itabert, 
baron Diiusdale, and bv her hill ijt^uv. 

Mwkinnon vraa autlior of 'Militarr Ser- 
vices and Advciiturva in ihu Far Eaj^t ' (2nd 
edit. 18411, a vols.) and ' llriti*li .^liliiar? 
Power in India.' Thty are not in the Briti^ 
Museum Library. 

[Iturfcc's [lande'I Oentry, variuuB «ditioDs, 
under * Markinnon of l[iu;k'nanii.*aud Pum^, 
B.r. > Dimeiiliilo ' (foreign titU'«h Uart'a Artny 
Lists; Broad Arrov, 14 J<in. I8SI, p. 78fl.1 

n. M. C. 

MACKINNON. WFLLTAM ALEX- 
AMlKli (ITWt-IsrO), logi'ilator. bom on 
2 Aug. l"&9,TTas eldest sonof WilJiani Mac- 
kinnnn, hv bis wife Miss I'rve, and obief i.'f 
th^clan Vinckinn'vn in theWostpni IflJands of 
Scotland (ItcKKE, Lantlf'l (leninj, 7th (.-dit. ii. 
1193). Daniel Mackinnon(17!H-ia'«i>[^. v.] 
was bi« younger broihvr. Hu ia stated la 
hare kept terms at tit, John'* rollegis Cam- 
bridKiMuid \v huv(> become a student of Lin- 
coln a Inn, but hii) name cannot be found in 
tbo refjiaters «f either soriely. Hi« eldest 
Hon, A\ iltinm .\!exander Mackinnon, wa« • 
member of both. In IK.'^O h>! become M.P. 
forDunwich iit theeon«ervativt.' inlfre8t,and 
in 1 Ml M-ns first oU-cted for LyminRton. Hta 
speech on the third reading of the Itvfonn 
Bill f-'f-l March 188^) -was printed ; it wa» ablo 
«nou){hfn»»i h tory point of viow, but it eoac 
him his sent at the KWieml elK»aion of 1833. 
II« wax ne-tlfntwl for Lyminpton in 1836, 
and r<-trttiifd iht' nenl (ill IKW, AboaC 
tlmt date he beeamp a liberal. On his son, 
\Vil1innt Alexander Maekinnon, being UB- 
seated on j5<-titinn, in 18'Vi, for Itjc, Mno 
kinnon was returned for that borou^'li with- 
out ■oupoail.ion, and was stibat^iieully re- 
elected io 18.17 and 18W. In 180.5 he finally 
rctireil. Hurinff the forty yearn that bu sat 
in parliament Mat-kiniion pnived himaclf 
a hard-working atid u.ipful uirmbcr. He 
bruuf,'ht in IijIIh for the amendment of th« 
patent hiwa, to jin^vfiit iittriiniural inter- 
menlK in populous citiea and towns (lH4l*), 
and to ttbatv the smoke nuisanee ; he aI«o 
obtained select i^omniittei^ on the removal 
of ismitbtield .Market, and aulwcqin-ntly prt^ 
mo(ed inpujtjin*!" relative to t urnpike '| nuts 
and fore^Iabliabing a rural police (l8o5). 

^lackinnon died at Belviderc, I IniudstairB, 
one of bis m(\ny scats, on 8U April 1870. 
lie married, on 3 Aug. 1812, Kmmii Marr 
(rf. 1836).only dnuphttfrof Joft<?ph JtndwortK 
l'u)mer[().v.tof I'liliucrslown, t'o. Mayo, and 
Itdish Tlnusc,l>ub!in,who*elarjir fortiineand 
fstnlve wereufturwacdHinheriledbr Mackin- 
non in right of his wifv. Ha haii a family 



k. 




Mackintosh 



173 



Mackintosh 



tjrf time was uid three Jau^iters. His son 
ubI Lionel cntvTtxllheColdatreflm guards 
> wu killod Kl iuki-nimnn. 
BeudM aonte tr^cta, .Mackinimii publi*h^<l 
In 1828 a tioatiw 'On Public Opinion in 
Unftt Britun uid olltnr [wrts of th« World,' 
Stq, London (anon.), which pasAcd through 
two t<ditioas. It was eiiliBequenLly tv 
^rnxten in twoTolnmefi, unfinr thi! title nf 
_'Hia*oryofCiT3i5ation,'Svci, Loudon, 18W; 
Tjw edit. Itvlrt. It i# a work of morit. 
1830 bo was elected fellow of tliu Society 
Anti<)uari«s. and on 14 Jumj IViT fellow 
' the Uoyal Society ; ho waa also follow of 
I Geological fj^tcit^ty. 

[f^wtiTRun. 3 Mny 18*0. p. 2 ; Ttmcf, 3 Hat 
1S7D: Dod'tParLCompAnion: Irvfti^'a Book oV 
Scotamca; GaL»f Adrooitoi' Libmry.] O.Q. 

MACKINTOSH. [Sccalao MictSTOSH.] 

MACKINTOSH, Sib J.VMES (]7(W- 
I83S), philoet^her, was b^m on 2 1 Oct. 1 7*i5, 
< Aluourie OD the bank of Loch Nesa,acTon 
lea rroni lovernifif. Uia father was Cap- 
tain John .Mackintosh, who urned tweuty- 
ibur years ta the army, and inhmtt'd the 
lall Mitateof Kcllachio, wbicli had U-hHipxl 
bis family for Iwt centiineA. Hii* raoiher 
Mnrjorr, daofthter of Alexander Mac- 
iUi%Tar. Soon aAer r)i<' birth of .T&mm his 
itber joined his regiment at .\nligua, and 
afterwards at Dublin. Mn. Mackintosh was 
itii with •moll n»ourou« to livti with her 
mother and sisters and her only cliild at a 
BiDkU house calli^ Clime. In 1 4 7o the lx>y 
wras seat to a whiHil at KurtrcMo, llots-nbir^. 
He showed intellectual act iviiy, disputed the 
CalvinuiCii: divtrine of bis teachers at foiir- 
tiwn.andlookroreadinfrhook.^and to' cast li^ 
boibiioK.' llie mother joined her husband in 
]77i*, and Accummnied him 1o Gibraltar, 
. where she dit-d. MHckintanh was lefi in EJcot- 
[iand, and in October 17^ went to Kiufir'gL'ol- 
' ai Ab«rde«'n, where hu al lundL-d the li:c- 
idurinKfour wiiitpn, ^ipending Clieituiu- 
tnen with bis^randmolher. He had already 
taken part in a villntfii r|iinrn)l, which iilti- 
Hely got into the )awrnurt5,hy versifyiiiffa 
„^_ow«atirc written upon their neighbours by i 
"» laily. Rti hrciugb) a roll(>clion of verMS to 
coUqre, which ^ined for him the nickname 
.of 'Poet.' He now IwKau to be interested 
IB speculation, srimulated by tho writin7» of 
SMttie(llien profeaaor al Marischal College, 
Aberdeen) ana Priertt6V,and by Warbarton'a 
*J>i*ineI..etIiiliou.' lIofonnodahistint^tnBnd- 
iriiip with Robert Hall ( 1764-1^31) [.^.v.] the 
^iiamutis preacher. They started a debatioR 
•ociflv f»\\ed th« 'Hall and Mackintosh 
Club. Tlia poetical talents were devoted 
to tbe pruBU of a young lady with whom 



be full pwsiODStely in love. He courted her 
for tUnsfi or four y«iars, but she married 
auothur. His father, who retunied in 1788, 
aftor Korring through the siege of (ilbraltar 
(177f»-Kt), was too poor to send the mq 
to the Scottish bar. Mackiiitosh therufora 
re»olv<^d to taku up modicine, and iMigM.ii hia 
studies at Edinburgh in October 17m4. He 
was kindly received by Dr. CulVn, but soon 
became an ardent * Urunonian,' i,o. follower 
of John Knjwn (173r»-17rtS) \n. v.l being 
* speculative, buy, and fartimis ( /.i/i*, i. 25). 
lis -vnu cured of a fever bv a Brunonian 
friend, and warmlysupuortvd llrown's heresy 
ia the 'Koyal Medical Society,' which mot 
for wnnkly disciiasions, and of which he 
became p«wid«nt. lie was also a member 
of the * i^peculative .Soeietv,* where he was a 
friend of Charles Hope ('1763-18B1) [q.T.] 
( afterwards Lord OrentODk, of Malcolm Loins 
[o. v.], and of Thomoa Aodia Kmmi^t [a. rT\ 
He rvad papers before thfl 'Koyal Medical* 
end the * ITiysical ' Hociety, showing routh- 
ful audacity and power. In 1787 fia ob- 
tained hU dtpliinta, r«iading a thesis, 'De 
3lotu Muaculjiri,' which ha is said to hare 
ilcfrnilfxl with BUfh skill ns to remove the 
unfavourable impn^icion nunlia by hia im- 
pertinence in keeping (be •Seuelus Aua- 
drmiciis waiting for somr^ time. 

In ibe »prinirof I7&8 hu uiovrnl to London, 
living with a -Mr. Fraser.a maternal cuiutin, 
in ClJuiitone Street. Ho declined an offer 
of Aeltlint( an a iilivHicinn nt St. Petersburg, 
after having eo far considen-d it its to npply 
f'lr iiitrodoclions through Dugatd Stewart. 
Mackintosh, as tlu> Utt^r implies, was only 
known to Jitewart through u cimmoii friend, 
and though af^i-rwards a friend, and lu Mime 
de^free n diacipU', luid appurentlv uol heard 
St^'ivart'slectureaat iOdiitlmrgh. tlettltendt'd 
the iiupeacliincnt of Warren Hatrings, and 
became known al d>'liatiii|); HteiHtiiri. U« 
spoke at tho ' Society for ConstilHtional In- 
fiinuation,' whore he formed a lasting friend- 
ship with Kichard Sharp. lie wa* alrrady 
g<>liing into dillicultiea, due to his habitual 
rarvU-suK'Ai nlKiut businMS. After his father's 
death in 17WHhe sold the estate of Kellaehic, 
but bi^ position was not much impr-wed, 
f >n 1 8 Veo. 1 789 he married Cat tierine Stuart, 
•i«ter of Daniel Stuart, aflerwDrJa editor 
Buecearirety of the 'Morning Post' and 
' Courivr,' and ai this time already engacvd 
in journaliitm. Mni. MackiniuHh flgd her 
bast to beep her husband lo the methodical 
work mad« irksome by his easy tamper and 
love of eocielv. He advertised, and panially 
wrote, a book upon insanity, sugge«t«d by 
the iUoMB of Genrg» IH, and made some 
slight moves towanU tettUug u a doctor 



in tliA provLac^a. IIo was, however, dmwn 
townriu politics. Hl' su]iponed Ilorne Twko 
in the WentmiDater elccHon or 1790. After 
u Unir to Bnissc^ls tn iha autumn, wbero hv 
acijiiirviJ ' iincciianion fitcility' In i>[)<-»Uiiif; 
Frenrb, hfi became n regular r.ontributor to 
tb.' ' Oracl«s' btOonsiag' lo Jolin Bell (i74&- 
1A3I ) [q. T.j Bell WA8 Rtnrllod by hiA nnce 
«Amiag tea calaeaa in a week, and after- 
wards allon'ed him i\ Gxcd snl&rj, wtiij^h was 
for n tium lii» chiiil' support. He now fi- 
■o)vi>il to p;o (o ttie bar. Meanwiiila hest^ttled 
ai Liltto CuUu^,', 1111(1 iu uiihw<.t to Burk/s 

* Ituflvctioiis on iIjc French Kviolution,' wroio 
the 'Viiidicias fJallicie,' published in April 
1701, TUri'f udiLiona wem aptfdily sold, and 
thp publi«h(-r lilHTiilly gave him 'jwvural 
titnee' tlis sum of SOL, Drigioall^ stipu- 
lati>d. llurkii bnd been aiuwi<in»d with iniiirli 
powot Ijy Thomas Pnine. Mackiotoah'a rvply, 
nowever, taking a Iws radical pxjund, aud 
ehowinft muck litcrnry and philDSOpliieal cul< 
ture, was tliu moit etfective defesce oC the 
position of thewLip syiDpathi«erfl with the 
rcvoluCtuu. It wap^ partly tronslulitd hy Ihi; 
Duki-rif Orli'jin^ (alrirWiinU Jicnii.*-l'hi!i[t[)e) 
(i^/"c, ii. ^H). Muirkiutoeh. iilrtiidy known 
to Homa Tooki' and Purr, wan now iiUro- 
diiCMl to FoK and Slioridnn. U^ b^camti 
bononiry secretary to the association of the 

* Frit-nds of tho Pronlc." and di^fonrlcd their 
prlrjoiptus in a piibU»ued letter to I'hlf 17i)-). 
which was highlv applauded by Purr and 
other friciidtf. Hu floniiHUfi], however, to 
al.adv law, was called to the bar at Lin^?oln'B 
Inn in Mlchiu'Imus torm 170C, an J jolni'd lliu 
home circuit. I!« wa* coutributrnj,' ai. thia 
tira« In the ' Monthly Ue^'iow," not yet 
eclipBcd by the 'Kdlnljiir;,'!!,' A rtivicw wf 
Burke's ' Thoughts nn a llefficido Peace ' in 
Noveuibur and l>eceraber IJwl showi-d ihnt 
his rei'ol lit ionary ardour hnil been cmisiJor- 
ably cooled by i-vents. lie was led inlo a 
corn 'jt|)ond<> lieu with tbo author, and risitoii 
lliirlin at Bfviconi^iicld ia the foHowiDK 
ObriBtma«. Ho hocama & moat ardent thou^b 
dlAcriniinatinfT admirer of Burku (kuu hie 
letter to Windlinm iipiu niirkc., ifi. i. JMJO- 
917) ever aftftrwnrds, and aJoptt'd bia vjow 
of thi; French revolution. 'It it uiy int'-u- 
tion,' he siud on (1 .Ian. ISOU (ib. i, 125), 
'Co profoss publicly and unequivui^ully [in 
Wb Iccturwjoeie below] that 1 ahhow, abjure, 
and for ct« renounce tho Frenrh rovoluLion, 
with its Hnguinnry history, ito ahoininablo 
principles, and for ever execrable Kiaders.' 
and h<j|jfd that hewonJd be »ble 'to wijwofr 
t.he disffTQCo of hftrinp bei>n oacfl botrayod 
into an u[iprubntioD of that conspiracy agninst 
tlod (Hid itmn.' 

His wife died on 8 April 1797, leaving- 



three daughters. Amonument tobprmumoTj, 
with a Latin inscription by Dr. Parr, wa^i 
fn-ctt'd by Lim in the cliufcli of St. Clement 
Done*. Ou 10 April 1 "9^ ho made a siwwnd 
and happy niarria^ with '_'nth4irine,d8Uffhler 
of John Allen of CVeeflPllv in thd county of 
Pembroke. Two of her «isttT» were narriiKl 
tn Joaiab and John Wedffwood. lie met 
Colrridpe at Cote, John Wedgwood's bonae, 
in the wtntor of 1797 8, and introductH] him 
to the Stuarts as a pr^ml^ing tontrihutor 
lo the 'Morning Post.' CoUridyii dirldied 
Mackintosh, and wrotu a witty lampoon upon 
him, the 'Two ItonnJ Sjiaws on a Tonib- 
atont-i,' in the 'Morning Post' (4 IVr, IWX)).' 
In thy cditiati of 1834 he apolo2tdeii for it as 
written in 'mereaport.' MitcKintosh trices 
Komo erwlit to himself for obtaining; Cole- 
riflffij'.* i»n«ion from tli^ Royal Literary So- 
ciety in Ii*i) [see under Cor.BKiDOE, S. T.\ 
whk'h his liio^apher calls bi« only tnoda of 
revHnping himadf. Itdoos not appear, how- 
ever, tiiat he bad anytbiiiK to revun^ ex- 
cept occasional cxpr^Mion^ of conit-iiiiit in 
private iiiti.'rcour»(.'. lu the 'Table Talk' 
(27 April 18^3) Coleridgi^ calls Mackintosh 
' thv kinfir of Ihu men uf talent,' and praiiiii:«1iig 
conversation, whili' denying his onjtinalilT. 
Mackintosh had formed a plan fora c^nrao 
of liHTturt)* (in ' Ihu Ijuw of Niitnn? and Nu- 
linns," He published an ' Introductory IHa- 
courso' at trie end of 1798, intt-ndcd [lartlr 
to indiral« hi.s cnnvtr*ion from lliw f>bj<'e- 
tiomible theoriee of tli© ' Vmdicim Gallicje.' 
In this he attacked Godwin with a abarp- 
nesa for whiph he aflerwurd'! eTprassnd sama 
rofrrcl (ii/c,i. !l4). It ».mx^«.d.-d brilliantly; 
Pitt, Conninff, and Lord Lougliborough 
sLRnifii^cl their approval, and the benchers 
of Lincoln's Inn fcrantM him the use of 
thnir hall. Hu gn^e a course of thiny-nine 
lectunvt from Fffbrunry to June I7IK», and 
' n-piiated it with some variations ' in 1800. 
He bnd nlMtiit one hundred and fifly h 
including six peers aud twelve memWmi.. 
thft I loufiu of Commons, but only t ivo nf his 
opposition friendti. Tha lectuna (exci-jit the 
flrst)WGre never publiahcil, but a few extracts 
are givwi in tht' 'Life' (i, U0-22>. He 
was now pro6»p';rina both at the bar and r 
Bocic-ty. lie jolneu a dclmtlni; society ( 
barrislvre and membtTB uf paHiniur'nt., chiefly 
Bnpport«ra of the Kovrrnment, and madu ibft] 
uc<|uaiutauce of Percaval, aAcrwards priiaa 
mininti^r. A dinini; club called 'Thuliing 
of Clubs ' was started at hw house, of which 
the original members were Kouera, Sharp, 
<Bobu8 Smith, Scarlett, and John Allen, 
It waa afterwards joined by many eminent 
moa, ioclndinir Lord Holland, Brouffham, 
Poraon, BomLlIy, Sydney Smith, Jofll«y, 



I 




Mackintosh 



175 



Mackintosh 



Holtun, and Ki<«rdD. MacMntosh obtamud 
briabbvforwpMrliiiiiMriilarycinnimlttetSieftp^ 
cUIljr in eases involving conHtitutioiml Knd 
tntvmAlioasl law. Basil Hontaj^ lu n young 
harri^lt-r, who flnt miiAo h'\» acf^nnintance 
at ibe ^Ved^Qods', became an Bdntirine di»- 
cil^v^ftnil penuadad bim to join tbu Norfolk 
circuit, when tfaerew&s an opening forlead- 
in^cuunsHl,altboUBhlitUflbuaineaa. BLtontagn 
daaeribes (it. i. IGEMM) n circuit in whlcb 
tlieyiiiitad !& tbiHiiilerTalnof bmsiLK^n places 
■BaocUt«d with the manorr of Cowpcr, mid 
in wbicli UiM!kiiit<!sb aaav u c<.>uByIcuoii» 
•U£ce«*ut«ca«eorUbi!l. Ik-giniiiiig to speak 
]■(« at night he gave a lotig diaooune, eturt- 
ing from philosophical r»fi(rtion« npon thi> 
aatnre of powr^r and know1<^ilge, and ending 
writh a patbetic appeal to the p«.nie« con- 
cerned, which tneltcd half bi^ niidioticu to 
tears, and wcured a vurdict at four in the 
tBOming {if>. p. 146). Ills frrcatcsC porform- 
a&se waa tht- di-'fciioi- of i'ulli'ur (Jl l'vt>. 
1803), occusmI of a libel in a paper called 
' L'Ainbi^ti,' ini«Dded to suggest the assas* 
•inatifin flf Napoleon, then firat con.4iil. 
Maekintoah, bmdea suggMting a diflcrent 
maaning for tbe allpffed llb^l, ^nvp a Innif 
banngoe npon conmitulional priTinplcii and 
the history of di){lnad ttinoe Elizabetb. Golb 
Pprccvnl. prosecuting t» attorm'^y-corK-rnl, 
and ili>^ judge paid tbe highest couaplimentii 
to bid ' alicosi unjismlleliKl cloquGSCv' [eeo 
Law, Edwaks, uovb Eu-cKnoRouaiiJ, anJ 
he was btghly pnited by Erakine. Ilie de- 
fendant, however, wa« inUantly convicted, 
but, in cooaaqoanc* of t li« wnr, ncvir ckIImI 
op for jodguMit. Mackintosh '9 epi>L>ch wa^ 
pablined, and U a fina lit«rar>- comiKwition, 
though it har«Uy seems eowell designed tn 
aecore a rerdici ilteport on Ttetnty-Eisht 
State TriaU. pp. TjHti-eiO). 

UacJiintodi made XiffVit. durinz his last 
jaarat tbe bar iMfe. i. \^~). In tli^ spring 
of lAO-3, howL'TLT, he aocapicd an ollvr from 
Adiliiif^ion of ihu racorderahip of Ikimbay. 
Cannini: and William Adam [q. v.] tad sup- 
port"! Ilia claiiua. I!i' luid nlr<:^ac)y (in ]80()) 
thouirbi of ftccfplingnjudgpfthip in Trinidad, 
and had bei^n a candidate for tbe ojlico of 
MdvofAt«'>«<rnenil in llt-ngal, confonwl iiw>n 
lus frii'na 'Bobun' Smith. At an earlier 
period he had been invited byLordWeUesley 
to bflooma head of a proJL<«t«d college at Cal- 
cutta. Ua waa nniions, it seems, to obtaia 
IdsuteforexecutingscbcmM of literary work 
iocompuible with an aetJvo profoasioual 
career, and <■« pivti-d to saTe enough to make 
hin, with the addition of a pension, iudt>- 
Mndent for lifn. Similar motives indin'cil 
aCaaanlay to accept a jHWiitinn in India, hut 
Maekintoah unfortunately had not Mac- 



nulay'« businesslike capacity for work. Hs 
waa «xpo»«d to some vi-ry iinjuHl aliuso for 
accepting an office from the miniatrv. Two 
luttere to Fox (in tbo ' Morning I'oet ' of 
4 Nov. 18(K!) denouncing hi* l-'rcnch pro- 
elivitiea, really written by Coleridge (iiiMy* 
Ml hi* <rtfM Timet, W. hhi-'H'l), wore sup- 
posed to Lave buen ius|.nr<id by Muckiniu«h 
(iifr, i.32t5). IlewasknigfatMonliiitappoiiit- 
mc-iit, and rpi'nl eomu muntba at Tvnby, nt-ar 
bin fntber-im-law'* bouse at CrfaMtiUy. lln 
Killed with his wifi< and his five daughters on 
14 1-Vb. 1804, landing at liombsyou^tJ Hay. 
He received in IHOG a CDiiimijwion uxjudgu 
in thfl court of vioe-adraimlty, then tiret in- 
^t.ttulMl iLt Bombay for tbt* trial of jirixe and 
maritime caetefl. iTe lived at l'Ar>dl,n country 
hou«e belonging to tbu governor, who as a 
bachelor did not require it.. Ho bnd brought: 
a library with him, and rt-ad much dunug 
bii> Btay. He aoon, however^ found bis an^ 
ticipationa disappointed, lie n.-grvltvd tbu 
breaking off of n promising career and tbe 
lose of his sodill n'orvations. Cunuuiuiica- 
tiona with homo were so slow that at one 
period {ih. u. 07) he notes that tbe last iiewa 
tnjm I/ondon was !«(tv»n nKnnthn old. Few 
people in the small society of Bomltny could 
ehnre Iiih intellectual interests, and lbev»e^tn 
to havtt rc-ganli-d him ri« abovn bis -work, 
and fluspected him of de.'<].>i>iiiiu: ihvtu. Thu 
pecuniary results were equally di)«pi)oiiit- 
ing. H<;btid tociveiudi^mmit In somedidicala 
cases wliere officiala were rliai>fed with cur- 
niption, and incurred ohloquv in a j^mull 
iMifi^ty which waj( utill tuinti'd with iibu»P8 
of the old order. His freedom from th.> de- 
mands of Knglisb society, instead of being 
favourable to study, encouraged his natural 
indolence by removing the stimulus of con- 
genial mind!*. He rend wry wid^lv, though 
m a di'sullory way. He hopt up witli Kugliih 
and Frencli literature, studied Kaut and 
FichlL*— thc'n known to vt-rr few English- 
mt-n — kiid tli« schoolmen, of wttoiu Im bad 
taken a large coUeclion to Tndia (ift. i. 190, 
.■W2); and n-ad not. only Scut t but Words- 
worth, of wboAe w^ems hi> wa.* an early 
admirer. lie produced notbing, boweTer^ 
exd-pt dwigns for future wonc, and fre- 
quently expreR.«e^ n fear that his will be a 
• life oif projects' (16. i. .*)»o). lie founded 
the ' Literary Society of Bombar' ['2ii Nov. 
1H06>, of which he bucuuie prt-aident, and 
tried to pnimote the study of Indian lan- 
guntnf iLud philo«ophii-a. He made somu lours 
to dilftrcnl: parl.t of tbe country, and wait 
much inlorated in the antiquities and tbo 
manniT" and ciiKtoms of the niilirea. 

His health sufTiTpd from the climate His 
wife was compelled to return to England fi>r 



the hf-ftlth of the ynun^er children, and aaiUd 
in February ISIO. !!« was urged by bis | 
Enelisb frii-ndsioremjiin aftor the five ypora, 
wbieb otittik-d bim to a pension, iu order to 
make hoiuc more morn^y. Hit) povorly, Ul- 
udmitt'rd, KlioW/d ' a want of coinmou aei]»«. 
I I'aii nil iituri! learn to pl^v llie game of lilb 
thanlliat of whiBl'tiA.ii.ii). TliOHtiitcoriiiH 
Ii<>ullb mndi' n di-pnrturt! iinpenittrK In-fore 
hrt hntl sTjiywi miioh longer, nnd he scilcd far 
EntrlniiJ on K Nov. ISll. li^bad prudiiiilly 
Bocurcd tlie f,'ondwin of his countryrarn by 
Kit) ability aud kindlinoss, and received ad- 
dresses wilh reijuewls for bis p.irtrait from 
thL> prand jury and tlio ' Litt-miy Society.' 
In bis last charge to the ^aod ji'iT he con- 
gratiilatL-d himsolf oipociallyoRtiaviTig bwn 
ubW )/n.Nitl) to diftpeiiM' u'lilindy with capital 
pu[iiahm<-Rt (just at^eriva,rds ho had to son- 
t«nm'(jai!iiiiiti to d(.-ulti) without any tiicrt-uso 
ofcriniPM (i/i. ii. IIC). 

Mftckiiiiosh landwdttt Weymouth ou 25 April 
1812. He imiiii'diiilrly received an ofFtr of 
a e«nt in jiarliHim^nt frota bis old friend Per- 
ceval, now prime ministpr. lis wrn to a reply, 
saving tlint ht' cnuld not accppt an oflifr iy 
Tvliicb hw would be impbcitly pledRsd to 
resist an inimwiinte repeal of lloman catholic 
diiabiliiit'S. IV-rfii-'Val was assassinated before 
rewiving the answpr, Scarlett (afterwards 
Lord Aliiiicori bud uioiinwhile bct'n om- 
powercd bvlinnH'mvdtir to oiler Mai:kliiito*li 
a ft'iftt for the county of Xiiirn. if ha slioidd 
still adhere to th«ivhig prjliiitr*. MHchinUi^li 
in reply producpd the letter to Perceval as a 
proofof bis unchanged viywe.ondwaa elected 
for Nairn in June lMl;i. Ilia health hnd 
Biiir rod pentianeiitly from the Indian elituBte, 
ami he bad to tiay »evcrnl vWili lo Bath and 
Cheltenham. l)nri«(f the botuewanl voyogu 
liehnd bi-nuii tlw introduction lo his cont<?m- 
plalod hi-tory of Erifjlaiid from ihu nivolu- 
lion of I'JiS'^ to tb«( l-Vr-nih riiwolution. ii« 
■wai allowed to examine the .Stuart papers 
theu at Carlton ]lous« (i'^. ii. '2(if>)-, he ok- 
amincdalso thr French archives during some 
foruign trips, and collected iu time fifty 
\cilumes of niiinii>cript notes (rt.ii. 334), lie 
made Ills fir't cpDccli in the House of Com- 
mons on 1 1 !M:. 1SI3, protesting aga.iost the 
thn-iiUnit d inlcrfcrcni'e of thii ftlUc* in Hol- 
land and Switrt-rbind, and at the end of tlio 
HBwinti niftde an appeal for Poland, which 
yraa warmlyacknowbjdpcd by Koseiuako (it. 
ii.t^7*.')- Henlnojiniiported UoDi illy 's attempt 
to rt-form the crlrainftl law by abolishing tliu 
' corrupt ion of blood' of cmivicti-il fidoiis. It 
floon bcranK' cli'ar to his friends that hl^ 
wwikened health would dimjiuilifv hitn from 
at once wTitinfiliistorj' and ultendiiigtnpnli- 
tics. liBtookWeed'OuWige.nearAyWsbury, 



in ordertos&cnre some relir«smpnl,Bod spent 
tlieregreatportofthnw years, L'nfonuuately 
b'- did not bn'tik olf hi^ parliamentary- career. 
He woaelectedfor Xnareftboruugb.alHiniugh 
belonging to the Huke of Devonahin*, in Utv 
p&rliituii^utwliicbiuvtinJanuaiTl^lD. Some 
ofbisspft-cheswereaucceiwJ'ul; but Xlacaalar, 
a frioudly witness, says that he * rather li-*- 
tiir«d than dMlmd^d' { /iuay on .Vaci;intotk'9 
IlUtori^ <if the Itfrabuion ), and that his moat 
nidvndid nnitiuDH produced less effect than 
alwavci att^ndi'd the Raking of men with- 
out a tenth, part of bis abilities. Ho was, 
howftver, an ablt^ and faithful defender of 
Uhcral princijilos. Ho vigotoiMly oppost^ 
the repressive meaaurea which followwJ the 
peace, the ' Seditious Meetings IttU'of 1817, 
the 'Six Acts,' and the •AUuti BUI,' re- 
newed periodically in I81», 1820, 1S22. On 
10 June 1819 be luude an eloquent atK>cy.hi 
opposing Che l''i>rWgu Flnliiil mm t Bill, di- 
rect<Lrd against the supplies sent to tlie Spanish 
coloniejt. H>< siipporti-d Bomitly's propooala 
for Hoftemngtheseveritv of the criminal law, 
and afler Romilly'a deatli in ISlt^ tookchan^ 
of iiiinilar RiUMunw. On 2 Marcli 1819 be 
carried a motion sgslust clie guventmont, by 
a majority of ninetesn, for a committee to 
consider ciipital puDisbment. He introduced 
in 1B;.*0 fi\x bills oiulioilyiiijj the- r-'coinnti-uda* 
tiooB of tbu commillL'i], tbree of which only 
hwaiur law (1 (Jw>. IV,1I6, 110, 117|. Oil 
:^l Mar 1h2.^ he tiropoaed ninn resnlution* 
totbvbousu for abolwhiug the punisluueni 
of ilejith in many cnsc-s. ]*e«d, then home 
secretary, moved and carried tlie previous 
qucHlion, but promiMtd to introduce some 
mcasuri'^s of the tuune kind, and MaokinttislL 
left, the question to be taken up by llio 
guvcmmeut. 

\n l-'ebruAry 1818 Muckinloab. wwi «^ 
pointed to the prufLwaoreliip of 'law and 
g*'iit)rul politicn' at lluiK-ylxirj-, worth about 
300/. a year, and took a boiute at MnrdockSf 
near Wart', He had to give lectures two 
days a week (schi^mo given in Life, ii. SSS- 
372), which probably cost little trouble. He 
was long the colhagueand friend of Itliilchu^. 
In 1820, upon tlie deaili of Thomas Bntwn 
{IV7H-]IS;^0)[(j[.v.l,helj«dtheofi;.Tofi.uoceed- 
ing to the chair of moral philosophy at Ixlin- 
burgh, but was pt^'rsuadcd by hiH putiltcal 
friends to decline, Ue resigned hi* pmtt Mt 
Haih'ybury in l'*24,ttiidwaK succeeded by W. 
Kmp.'ion [(|. v.] \le. hiul written for the ' Edin- 
burgh Keview' rince his return, and wai* un- 
nblr tri n-fuseapplicationsfrom the edilor, al- 
though to the detav of hiithiiU0r%'. Jomc^Mill 
harshly Kfiys (hat he only lived for 'social di»- 
play' and to ha talked of in certain circles 
(MAcr£Z>'iJ'iEB,p,2C). It aeciUB,too,tliat 



hewuinwftDtorTMdynnnfj. Tie inaDfm>-(), 
■Her tuuiy <li:;Uyi) from ill!i>-s. iltlJ makin;r 
MnteoiuiMions.to tinish in I In -jir m^-of lt^!tU 
what it pL-rhapH hU iucmI iLU[Jur(init work, 
fhe ' I>iit.*vrtuliOD on I Iih rrtiiire»» of iClbitTal 
PhiloMpby,' for the ' Encyclopipdui Briian- 
lUca-' lie wrutv aUu th« vliorl * History 
r\t Kmrland' fnr the 'Csbioet Crclopv] Ia.' 
.^[acaiiliiysovs (to Luudowiie,S&lDec. 18d^) 
r]ut 10 tiim ihc tlioiifiht of b«flrinff frAtn pnb- 
litben mud oJiton what UrydL-ii bore from 
ToMon, utd what, to bis own kiiowl^rlfre, 
Sbckintotk bore from I.>iLn)nor,wii« 'horriljlo.' 
For Lartlrier be aim wnrie a life of ^ir 
Thomiu More. lie wn* one of the chief «- 
Ivbrilir* kI LlolUiiil lluufi-.aiidallvrk'aviiis' 
Haileybiirj re«iil«l for nome time nt l^m 
lIoUauJ'E BL'st. AmpihiU Park in BtKlford- 
*h!r<>-. Acronttiig til Sntrlott, CftnuLtii^, iipnn 
fbrmiiiK bU adminLitral iaii of 18l'7, w)u« ntir- 
priaed ihat Msrkintn^h was not proposed m 
one of bin coUirft(rn.*« by tlie wni^ (^'if"? 
li. 20o>. He wan ^hortlynfterwnrds niniJi* a 
pnvY foiincillor, but it secma that be hud 
not mud«t a «uffici«iil miirk us a pntuiii^l 

Cliticiftn, or WM regarded a» too infirm tn 
fit for any imporlaiit ufiice. tlU wife divd 
OA Muy IS%, while on a xx»i1 to her *Sst«^r, 
Madame Sismondi, near (itncTa. On the 
fnrmalion iif tlir wliig(r"*WTment m th#fol- 
lowinii^* Xovt'inU'r hi^ waj» tnftd..' a ponmiift- 
•ion«r of I Iif board of coatro!, a post which 
had Uvii iiHi^rv-d lo him through raDniiL)^ in 
1812, durins th« ne^itations which followed 
IWceval's oeath. Macktuloab wsa dtaap- 
poioUNJ by thv in«i^ificBncc of Ll« new iiosi- 
lion, but t'K)k tiart in tha inquiry into vltut 
Indian alTatrs wiiteb preceded the renewal of 
thr (,-i>m[mnt'e cliartor. H« aiipjKjrted ^^w 
aecand rradin;^ of the Rt^form Itill in 1^^.11 
H July), in a speech which waa respectfully 
nc«ivr<l, in epiti* of its pbilo«ophical fp-nt^ 
nlitiev. I If dpokeforthe ta«i tine on 9 Feb. 
IKK.', ill a debiatf upon Portiigaeiie aflkirs in 
tbf nvwparlianii-nt. AiriRiiitf uccidont lubiit 
throat from »waUi)wing a chirkcTi-b'inB cniwt'J 
MB inflatamal ion. lie sank trradually.alwiiyB 
ptvteTvinii; hilt twiwl nfs* of (••oifwr, nnd ilifxl 
at hia bouM> in I,anghain i'lncn nn .% May 
It^. lie was buried fttllunipt^t end on -IJuoe. 

MachintDAli's hiicloncAl iR-ritin({«, thoiif;b 
tending in diKourw mthcr than nnrmiivc, 
show ivadin^ and a judicial temper, but 
hai'e bren supcnwlf^ by Inter books. The 
' hiaiertationupon Kthica! I'bil'MOphy ' ia per- 
fuBCtOT)-, except in regard to Ibe Entflish 
murulUu siuce HobbeK.nnd greatly wautiuK 
in clfarn«»* und prwiaion. It in inti'iided 
to lie'eclectic, a<!WT)tiiijr Hmne'a doctrine of 
utititras the 'criterion' of morals, and Bul« 
l«r'B dflctrinc of the Bupromacy of the con- 

TOU xuv. 



»ciotll^4>,w]liU;thGfor^lation of the conscience 
is explained by ilarliey'Bdoclrine of asaociA- 
lion. In substance it seems to bea tuoditica- 
lion of utilitariaaixm,ttnd 8U^{^-«t« aoiDoim- 

SKirlnnt ninvndmi:nts i» the theory. JaineM 
dill, however, attcclied it with excessive 
si'vcrity in hix ' Fnigment on Ma<.:kintwb/ 
18.'15, nnd expnaed much loosenesAof thought 
tjtd language. M«ckiiilo»h was entrusted 
with iome metaphvaical papers writteTi by 
Thomas N\'edir*vood, and unaennok to writ© 
bin life, but the pllp^rs diiapp<^'ared, ojid the 
lifo ninuiiiied unwritten. 

llis work^ are: 1. ' Uiaputatio physiolo- 
gica inniifTurabs dc aftiono musculBri,^ 1787. 
2. ' Viudicia' OdIUcid' (1791, thrw i-ditioDs, 
18.1"). 3. 'IHscoursB on the Stndj; of the 
Law of Nature and Natioua' tat Lincolo'e 
Inn, 1.1 Krb. 179D1, 17i«). 4. 'Spwch in 
Difftncfl of Peltier," lfW.1. fl.<HLitorj-of Eng- 
land' {in Lnrdner's 'Cabinet Cyclopndia t, 
l^aO (new edition in 18o.-i^. (i. * Life of Sir 
'riioioM.More' (inl-ardners 'Cabinet Cyclt^ 
piodia'), 1H30. 7. ' DiAscrUitlon on the Pro- 
grees of Ethical Philosophy, c-hidly during 
ihtt Sevenleenlh and Eigbteonth C-cnturiea^ 
lineupplemtmt to'KncyclopnidiaBritauniua,' 
ivnd tin«al.-lv printed), I8.'t(); with preface 
by Whewflirin 1886; tenth edition 1872. 
8. ' Ilictory of th" lU'volntion in KiiBland 
in 1l!8S' (with biographical notice), IS-S-L 
y. 'TraoM and Speeches' (17W-1831), pri- 
vately printed, ll^4U. 10. * M.isMlnneons 
"\Vorh», .^ vols. 1840. include.* neorlv all tho 
abdvo, with parliamentarv speeches and 
articleB from tho * Edinburgh Kiniijw.' 

A portmil Ijy Ijiwr«ncK ih in the National 
Portrait Gnilerv, T^indon. nnd another by 
Colvin fSmith is in (he Nuttunal Portrait 
Gnllerj", Kdinbiirgh. 

[Lir« Vy hi* Sou. R. J. irackiiitotih, 2 vola. 
Stn. 1836 ; Life prffliMl to Hist, of Ren>Iutka 
(t)ii> tif*', I'y a Mr. Wiillncr, u^arly l»d to a doal 
botwwt) the author and Macaulay, who iittaek«d 
it with ucet.sive asperity in the article montiooad 
bvluw. Wallace had no infoniiatinn frritn tll« 
family, but the life could be «n1y offnniuva to 
devout bcliovtrs in tbo cnod of HolUnd Koom) : 
MiM MotvjArd'i Group of Kmincnt Kngliahmen, 
1H71, pp. a», U3. US. 159, 241, 30t. 305, 316, 
383. 3fi7 : Moon-'fl IHArim. ii. 24a. 316. iil. 3112, 
Ti. xi, 81.90. 29i: MtKraolay'ii Hnny uixin iha 
Hibt. of tbe RDrolulioD dmciibM bia cocirena* 
lion and cbaractor (cf. Fronde's LIfo of Carlylt^ 
ii. 204, nnd H:oU's Journal, rnl. ii. fAwim). 
A good csmy is in Haslitt't Spirit uf tho Afte, 
and anoth<>r in Lonl DiUling'f llistoricivl Cha- 
ractrr^ 6th edit 187fl, pp. 264-306.] L. 8. 

MACKINTOSH. WILLIAM (\m^- 
174.3), of IWlum, Inveme^s-ahire, brigadier 
iu the Pietender's senrice, eldest of the Eve 



: 




Mackintosh 



178 



Mackintosh 



Hon* nf WiUinm Mackintoab, laird of Bor* 
lam, and hia wife Mnn*. daag^hter of TKincaa 
Biiillit-, ivM bom in'lIWi*. Tli« Mackia- 
U»faM af nnrluni ircre '>'W(<eilJk<^ from Lwh- 
lan Mor, 8ii.t^.'iith ciiief of 3Aaekmto«h, who 
marrii.'d Agnta }t[iic]ifnti« oPKutUil. The; 
ap[ioar at one timu to have been wealthy, aa 
in the valuation -roll of the eh^riffdinm of 
InfitrniUfHiliiroia 1044 thi-lmiJitof llurlum, 
in IJiin-* parifih, an? iet.down at <iCl>/, !.'!j. -Ut. 
Rcot°, and ihuiio of Bcncbar and Raitfi (now 
BoUorillu l{|iiiKr),nIwi linld I>j thfi fnmilv, in 
Ktngusaie purifth, at 5(KM. ^cnts, ronaidprable 
stiBu in tbosi! (lays. William the vaiuifrsr of 
Horliim WU9 wntfrvi) at King''»CoirMgn>, Aber- 
deen, at the Bffe of t«n (^fiuti Abfrdun. p. 
491), In till! rTegr^e-boofc for 1677 bia name 
Btand« firt«l ijh. ji. 528). It bu been auj?- 
fCcoted that be studied nt Oxford, but he did 
DOC nuLtnciilato, and his Dam(> ia not in Fos- 
ter's ' Alumni OxoQienso*.' Accordiui^ to hia 
own atftt-emynt (^Buay m Impfoviny Lan/tn, 
&c.), ]n3 vn^ intlinat^ly acquaintcid with tho 
Hon. Hobnrl Boyle [tt. v.J, whili- thu l«lti«r 
WOB liTin^ near Uxford, and he marrJed 
into tliv fitd OxfnrH«hiri)i fnmilv of itt*ad« of 
Tpsdeu llnuAci. Hd i^ abo Hi-ritnd ro hsvo 
betiti in thu military syrvice nf Jamw II 
heforo tho TOToliition, and to hare ocquirod 
diatinciion in tho Fn'nch oraiy. Hi* namo 
does not appear in King James's' Army Liata' 
after the revolution. I'rnbalily he muraed 
from the coulint-iit about the closa of tho 
MiranciK'iilh t'lsiitury, us in 1698 im U namf^d 
ia a cnminias>i()n of fJra nnd HWnni [^rnutitd to 
tho chiiif of Mackintosh ac^inflt the Ufac- 
donald* of Ki'iipiicli (/*"?. Se^. Conrit. Ada, 
S3 F«b. IddH), and also nj) a rommUflioner of 
aupply for Invcrnvss'-shiro. lie was then re- 
siding nr \l».\U {r,<s'- Oi-diiani^f Gas. of Sott- 
iand, under 'Alvie'), and set tliti cxamplu 
of planting. Tho ' Statistical Arcoimt of 
Scotland ' utcnliousa tliR< mw uf tiltns pluni-i^d 
by him alonfr the old military road iit Kin- 
gii8i>ic. In 171-t be took a Tcry active nnd 
prominDHt part in tlni Jacobili' riKinf; that 
followt^d tbf* accKwinn of Oenrgw I. A letti^r, 
datm] 24 Sppl. 1714. prveprviid among tho 
Duhfl of Moiiiro-Vs papfrs, utiite* ibiit 'Mr, 
WiUiamMachintoHhof Borluni, whoi^ coino 
in March from BaMe-Duc (the residi^tice of 
the Pretender), ia trnviirsiuf,' thu country 
from east to west, niid hatli p«tMiiiiik'd tho 
laird of Modcintosh fl.,achliin MuckintOHli, 
rf.. 1731] to join tbi- lV*'temk'rs causo.' Oit 
6 Sept. )7\fi tho Kiirl of Mar [se<> Erskixk, 
JoiiK, aixfli ori.'luv^>ntli Kuihuv M.Mi] raint^d 
the Prt'tondcr's stamlurd in Ilrnvmsv. CJn 
18 Sepl. th© Mackintosh, t^upportnd by bia 
Itinsmnn of Borliirn, 'convpncd his mi^n, as 
WM giTuo out, to review then, but iu tho 



aveaiaff tut marched rtrntflit to laretneaa^ 
where uc came by EumiciiiF with colours 
flvinv,and after he had madeaimti^lf mA.>t(^r 
of waat anna and ammunittaa heconld find, 
and aoDw litUs mon>-y that balonevd to thf 
publirk, procM^ded in pn'X'laim the I'nptender 
aini; '^Lord Lovac's account, (pv^n at the end 
<^ PkTTBS't HUt.^tAe JUieUian). Thcchi<-f 
of Mackintosh and hia Uiuaian 'Borlum.' as 
he was called, altboof^ bia father, the laird, 
was still alive, joinud Har ob6 Oct. 1710 at 

' I'erth. The Mackintoshes, seven hundred 
strtinjf.werflformedintoanif^mcntoflhirttvTv 

\ compaui<.-,s. Puttun (id. vi. 1717) iiiM» tLt> 
namt-^ of t h(- 1 h i rty-t wo officers, twent y-sevsa 

, of whom were frum the Clan Chattan | Mac- 
kint<»h), Mnckintoih tin: yuungerof tk>rluB> 
was made a bri^adier-^neral, and was des- 

IatchMl with atx refpinenls to asaunt th» 
acobites on the bonier and in the Dortb of 
EnsUnd. Ilastenini;from Perth to the low- 
lands, 'Borhim' evaded the king's troops 
sent to inlercfpl tln;in, croMi'd the Firlb of 
Forth with a lar^o following in open boats, 
and »L-Jz'jd Lvitli. Theuce, curyioff erery- 
thing before him, be marched onw&ras to the 
Ixjrdtir, to join thu rebel forces in Northum- 
liitrhuii), iindiT Oi^mrnl l-'oniti?r[*ee Forster, 
Thomas, 1675-17;i8l. The united forces 
m!irclie<i into Liiiicusliire, but thw ent^Tpriss 
collapM'd in a Kurrcnd^r at dianretion lo the 
kings forces under Uenerol Carpenter ^seo 
Carpenter. Geoboc, Lobo Caepkxteb; at, 
Preiiton, 10 Nov. 1715. Lord Derwectwater 
and Mackintosh were given up aa hostage*: 
Mackintosh at Jirst rufusud to answer for the 
lilgtilaiidt^n, itaying they were men of des- 
]ierate fortunes, and nddin^r. ' I am an old 
soldier mrself, and kiioiv well nbat a sur- 
render at discretion mpans ; ' but as Carpenter 
threateaed to treat all alike as i>tbe!s, fav 
gAVf wfty. Mackintosh, one of hia aona, and 
other priaonem, were sent to London, nnd 
were confined iu Newgate. Mackintosli 
and Gt'ntiral Fontter, who was a fellov 
prisoner, are said to have often ([uarrtllod 
about the military conduct of ibu expedition, 
and tlieir anfjiy iVmcuxniom* alliinled amuse- 
ment to tliR frwjneniers of the corridor* and 
Komiaon-room of the prison, to which tha, 
public wore nrlmittcd. Ou 4 May liKI^^ 
* Rorlum,' bin^iion, and several of tbctr fellow- 
prisoners attncke<) the tnrukey« nnd senti- 
nels nnd mado their escape, iba two Mac- 
kintoshes getlina away to France. A hand*l 
bill issued by- the corporation of TirondoBf| 
oirering 200/, for hia recapture, to wbicl 
the giivercnnent added a further reward ■ 
1,000/., describes him, as 'a tall, nw-hoiied 
man, about Mxty, fair-pimplt-xionnd, beetle- 
browed, grey-eyed, speaking with a broad 



Macklin 



179 



Macklin 



Seotdt accent.' (A copv of tlm ltan<lbill U 
in The Itrituli Miuutim.^ Moi^kinrosh, who 
■9 St4t*Kl on donbtful authority <o )tav« p*- 
tiiBDtd M Seotluid after hia fitt.h<'r'R death. 
1b the atm« yeor, ww implicated in the abor- 
tire ftttcnipt at n nning iq ITIQ.nnd wiuftftrr- 
wuxLt ft fuffitire. Captunxl in che wU<1j» of 
OftiUmeH, oe wm« sent as ■ aUta prisonor to 
Edisbur^^h CsiUe, when lie eiuloa bi« d&v», 
7 Jan- 1713,at theagwof eiglilj. Theperioil 
of bu inCAcvrntion is varioualy etAteil at from 
fift^a-n til twi-nty-fivn yiyif"- 

Morkint.-K'ih marriea Mary, daughter by 
bis secund wifo uf KdwimI Keade of XpedeQ 
lioatp, nxfonUtiiri', and maid of lionotir In 
Mary of Modena [*{. y.\ by whom ha hiid 
two tODX, r.achlnn nnil Stiaw, and tliive 
dKOgfaten. Shaw afterwards sold tho f-Mi- 
fiohlaof Uorlum. 

liVbilo a prisowr at Edinburgh, Marlrin- 
tosb wrote ' An Kjsay on Way» and Mvnitit 
■ of Enclosing, Fallowing-, and Pmnting l^asds 
ia ScotlsDO, aad that iu sixtevn vmn at 
futb«at/ which wafl printed in KOiuburgli 
in 17^0. Id it bv discusses tbo furmalion 
of M^iools of ajmrulliire, which hu Myn was 
rnOMted br Robert Boyle. H« bIbo pub- 
I li^Mcl ' An Emay mi th« Husbandry of Hcot- 
lluidf' 17S2 (ef. I>(>iT.\LDsa!C, A^ritultitral 
I j!>Ey.) By some writers Mackint-ixli is re- 
' anaent«d aa a rough-handi.-d soldier of iho 
tibUjBll of Binnt tvpe, bnt by otbors as n 
|ioIiteandcutlivatt:d)fentleruan. The Mailer 
of Sinclair, in what Burl im dylce Us 'Malig- 
nant M<'JDi>in>,' utid otliar wnt«ra diapiarase 
Lia military preteoaions and (rird at his 
Ijnrerty; but hi» ta^city, foTviught, and vn- 
|1«rprua certainir indicate iitnoA^ for com- 
^.auad. Robert (ihawbvrB relates that in his 
r^Idhood at P«eb]», in the fltst rears of tho 
jwt e ai century, one of tbe rouffh pastimes 
«f the schoot-children was to hatter with 
stoBco a much-defaced etligy, ealk'd ' Bor- 
,1am,' which was built into the wbUh iif a 
mined charcb in ihL' noighlxmrhood. lib 
lUHiu' ihuii survived as n p^ipulnr bugbrnr, 

{^Uonoir »f MarkinConlt of llorlum in Coltio 
Juf. Id77: Hini. Ui-moir* of tho Hoa*e and 
kCUn e>t MivkibiMh by A. W. Sbair, 188(1 ; NotfM 
lud Qwnes, Ttb vor. ii. 80; WhalWs Hist, of 
' tbe Old ConBty Rwinicnt of LoncuhiM Militia, 
I pp. 9-27 ; bonn'f London in Jncabit* Tiidmi {in 
rwich ' Botlum ' ia wronsly called Borland): 
^Cbonbera's Jounial. 8 Apnl 187S.] H. U. C 

MACKLIN. CHAULRS (itlt»7M797), 
act/^r, «nn nf William Mcl.aughlin, was born 
in thv ncirtli «f livlaml, between lOPOand 
1097, [n(tftprobablyalthfl«tterdaI«>. .-Vft.'r 
~n*illiam >K-l>aufiblia*s death in ITOI bin 
wid'iw nuimtMl Lulce <VMo«l!y, landlord of 
tbe Esgle Tarem. Werburgh Street, Dublin, 



?' 



and Cliarlruf wom «i*nt to a school at Island 
Rridjre, near that city, kept by one Nichol- 
sea, a Scotsman, and to his experi«Qcea 
thf'ro \\f itttnhitt<>d the dDttnalhy to Scot** 
ai(>D which in life aod writings he subse- 
qu'.-nlty displayed. Originally a Roman 
caiiinlic, bo Kub^equently adoptud proius- 
tanliitiii. Macklin. soon acquired a reputation 
a» a mimic, and \» said Iu ttmuCciir thtjatricaJs 
to havn tLClvA Monimia in I hi! 'Or^jhuiis.' 
Hiinningaway from homo, he lived for a time 
in l.rindiin on money »tolnn from iii» mother, 
and bftcnme a aorrant in a public-honw in 
the Borough frequented by mountebanks, 
tile mistress of which is doubtfully said to 
have become hia (Intt wife. In \7\A h'R was 
a badgemani scout, or ' skip,' at Trinitv Col- 
\f^f, fhiblin. Various advontunM^ oil more 
or loss apocryplml and contradictory, ar« 
nscribtrd to him before he nrriTed in llrislot, 
wlicrv—os author, actor, pan lorn imlst, oad 
factoium — be joinL>d a stTollinfir company, 
wiih wbtch ho is suld to baru made his firat 
niJjii*uran(;« &« llichinond in ■ Kicbanl III/ 
According to Congrero, bis most trustworthy 
l)i'i;[mphfr, he plnypfl .\(candcr in tlifl MBdi- 
ti.i' of Drydeji and l..ee at Lincoln's Inn 
benire about 172'% and .Sir Charles Freeman 
in Farquhor's ' Beaux' Stratagem ' at Lee and 
I lurpor's iHJoth on the Bowling'^greeii, Sculh- 
wark, 18 Feb. 1730. On 4 Dec. 1/30 he 
played ul Lincolu'^ Ian the small parts of 
I'orer and It raw 11 court in Fielding'*' CoIIw- 
house Politician,' and on 3ItOct. 1733 made, 
iiniit.T tliti nnnir- (if ^lechlin, a;i Itrazen in 
The * Recniiting Officer/ hi§ tirst npni>flranee 
at Dniry Lnne. His nnmu at this period 
waa v«rimi.*ly spt'lt. Marplot, CLodio in 
* Lore make:^ a Man/ Teague in the *Com- 
miltee/ Bras4 in the 'Confi'demcy/ Lord 
Lace in the ' Lottery/ tbe Marffuis in the 
'Country House/ anil Lord Foppington in 
tho 'Canilcsa Hutsband/ were pkyed during 
Ilia fintt aesson, in which he was uUo, 1 .'1 Jon. 
1733-4, the original Colonel Bluff tn Field- 
iog's'IntrigainffChamlierEiiiitd/ His engage- 
vient fijr these nrst-raie parrs wax due to the 
quarrel between Highmore. thfl manager of 
Ttnirr Lane, and bin principal ociors, which 
had led the latter to secede and opf>n the 
llnymarket for the season of 1733 'um 
IIabpbr, Johs, rf, 1712". Ilighmorc, tlius 
deserted, (^oUectod what performer* be could 
^ra tho country theatres and elsewhem. 
Auiong these Macklin was coufpicuous by 
tb>- prumise he exhibited. But early in 1734 
Flei'iwood looMedod to the manogvmeni of 
1 >nirr l^ne, the aeceiiin^ actors returned on 
IJ ^farch, and Macklin, who fiund bi» brst 
]>nns taken from him.joined at thellaymnrkHt. 
the company of Ficldiuj^, in whose * Don 

»1 



Macklin 



s8o 



Macklin 



I 



Quixote ia HDglaiid ' he loade, u 8i]uiR 
B&dger, his first, appearance at that boii«e. 
FImiIwuihI, Iiiiwnvw, oiii^ngvcl liim for thi- 
eiuaing aieason, iin<l as Poins he mappeftrcd 
on 245'pt. I7;t4 lit Dnirj- Lane, «rber^ with 
a fwlitnry migration l/> tlie lInTmarkH in 
174-1, ho r«uiaiji<.'d unlU 1748. but his un- 
conlrollnltlc l(^'ni;>cr li-d him to frequent diffi- 
culties there. lu 173Q lie caused tb*: death 
of Thomo.* IlBllam, a brolher^ctor, lo the 
gruuti-Tuuin uf DrurvLnnc-, in ii pitiful quAm;! 
coiic:«niiii|{ a wig uliirh Mai^kliii hud worn in 
a farcf cnLli>d ' Trick for Trirk,' nnd which 
Hallam had CilI(l-u. Culling iliiUatn many 
npprobrioui nauifH, Miu^kiin Itingi'd at. him 
■with Lis Blick, which entered the left, eye of 
hill adviTttitrv anil killMl him. Macklin etood 
his trial for murder, WAH found gnllty of mnn- 
alaiight^r, niiil npnarently escaped ivithout 
puniiihin«nt, sinw hn Bhortly aft^rwardu re- 
coinmeac«d acting- Tlirue year* IbUt Ik had 
n serious quaml with Quin, whom, acrordinff 
to hit own accoum, jtUvn tutu in lifu, ho 
* pummelled . . . damnably.' i-'at ihia he wa* 
ecuilIunKOil by (J.uiii,liiit semas to have shown 
Ibewhiti^ feather, and iilrimalfly apolo^pied. 
With hill nianaper Fleetwood he frtHiiienled 
Whitp'f, whiTi- b.« i>liiy«d heavily, lie h^ 
cams Hecurity for White to the cxtont of 
11,000/., and managed in a fasliion, which 
Bp»nk» miirrt fiir jiia cleverness than his 
honesty, lo trani>fer the rc9pnii»ibility on to 
Pan] \Vhil>-hftnd iho poet, who eonneiiueotly 
wa» imprisoned for somu years. Macklin mndo 
the ucqiiainliince of bia felloiv-actor, Oarrirk, 
btfforo 17-10. and until 174-3 thev were the 
beat of frieruis, beinjt, Mac-kliii ijaid, Bcarcety 
two days atmnder. In 1741'' Marklin. flarricli, 
anil .Mm. \V<iltitiKi/iD triwl the dangerous ex- 
neriment of keepinj; hoiiflc tojfi-lher in Bow 
Qtr^ut, In 1743 a strike o^inst the manage- 
ment of FU^eiwood, then become bankriint, 
was beirtm by Oarrick, Macklin, Mr^. PnL- 
cbard. Sirs. L'livu, and other antora [fum G.IR- 
BtcK, Davi])]. The- acbunt wum pmcliually 
routed, (larrick was re-fiiffHHied on ndvanonl 
t«nnf>, and Macklin, wh^i only joined in the 
Htrike at (larrifk'n rwqiiLniit, but who was an 
object of .•iperinl nnimosity on rhc part nf 
t'laelwood, was made the ficnpegnat, atid was 
di*nm>ed. Oarrick made si^me half-h<wrte<l 
offers of gurvii^e, but a lifKlnn^ fond fnllowKl, 
Friiiiidn of Mncklin hooted Garrick for a night 
ortwn,nndtliequarr(tt then dcp-niTfttcd into 
n w.ir "f pamfihlela, iMackltn on leaving 
Prury I.nnn h((fiin giving lessons in acting, 
an occopalion he kt-fjt up till almrtSl the cicwo 
of his liff, am) with a company be had bim- 
Belf trained n|ieciiij th" Ilaymarkul in 1744. 
Afeatnrc in the Haymarket management was 
tho tint appearance of Samuel Foote [q. v.] 



•ji Olliello. Macklin pUying la^^. Thta ex- 
periment, to be sacopiedfld by others of a 
similar naiuiv, was interrupt<-<) n*ithin a 
few moDibs by hii re-engagenieat at Dmiy 
Lane. 

LVsnitc his rccklean«M and hit qaarreU, 
Macklin ttpci^ily became a toainstay of the 
company at Uruiy L<ane. playing innumer- 
able chamctcrs, principally comic, lie made 
hilt reputation xj« a natural actor by hi» per- 
finnsnce of Shylock, which remained his 
fsvourils character, and had giMalv im- 
prewed the town, eliciting, it U aaid, trope's 
oftan quoted but apocrypual distich, 

This is ihs Jew 

That SbakaspMr* dmw. 

He flubntituted Shakevpoan't ' Merchant of 
^'enice ' for thn * Jew of Venice/ Lord Lan»- 
downe'c ndaptation. Among tlu' characteru 
plsved by Mackliu irhilt'at lirury I^ane wrre 
Abol in the • Commitli><>.' Sancbo in 'Lnve 
makiis a Man.' llannr in the ' Pmvc^Ml MlEs^' 
Jerry KlackacTc in the ' Plain Dealer,' OariOj 
Peachum, Jeremy, and afterwards Ken, in 
' l»ve for Love,' Sir Hugh Evans. Lord 
Foppington in the • Kelapw,' Tattle, Trap- 

Knl I, Bi-nu Clinker, (Hd Mirabel, Sir Fopling 
Hlier, Sir William Uelfonl iu tho ' :>quipu 
of Alsatia.' Trincpihi in Drvden'a 'Tempeirt,' 
Fondlcwife, Sir Noveltv I'aahion, Malvolio, 
Shylock, Touchstone, dorvino in the* Fox,* 
Sir Paul Plvant, Srpphano in Shakft-ipeare's 
' Touipi'^t,' Lucio in ' Measure for Measure.' 
and Fluelien. While at the ITaymark.'t ho 
enacted lugo, Lovelace in ihe ' ltelap»e,' and 
tho ( Jho»l. in ' Hamlet.' I [is original chanic- 
lera included, 26 Sept. 17.'M, Miuilv (Pelru- 
chio) in 'Cnro for n Scold,' a halUd farce, 
founded byWnrsdaleon'Tamingthu Shrew;' 
Snip in the ' Merry CoWw ' {nir), a continua- 
tion of CoJIl'y'rt 'The Devil to Pay;' Captain 
I (ragg (Thraso) in the ' Eon iich, or the Darby 
Cnptain,'atrun»\ntinn hyThnmaRl'^oohe[q.T.3 
from Terence ; the Drunken Man in tlarrick's 
' Jjethe;' Korobabel in ' MiM I.ut-y inTftwn,' 
Fielding's continuation of Lis ' Old Man 
tnupht Windoui;' and Faddle in tho 'Found- 
linit' of Fidvmrd Moon?. 

Mackliu'H firBt dramatic production, 'King 
HL-nryVn,"rlliePopishlmno9tor,*174(t.8vo, 
was played at l>ruty Lane W Jan. 1740, the 
author apt'earing ns Huntley. This is a poor 
play on tliw ^lubjert of Perkin Wurbeck. and 
was pn^duced, accnrding to t\ir iiiHriui>cnpt 
notes of Otdys V> [.imgbaine, on the oeraKion 
of the S>colli*ih reWlion. Macklin, after his 
wont, clnimed to ha^-o written it in six wwska, 
in thu Lnter>-iil8 between acting, and said it 
was only revised in the course of rehi^reaL*. 
lie toat', deservedly, 20/. by ita production. 



k. 



J 



Macklin 



QoinprophMiedforit and Macklintbe merited 
Ailura which it t-xporiflncert. • A Will and 
BO Will, or B Bone for the JMvrytin,' au 
UDpnnted farce hy Mftcklin, wiis pfftjDd for 
Ilia irili-'it hf-Dfflt'ac Drun- Lane, 23 April 
1746, with • n d*w pruio^'ue to be wriiWn 
•nd npolipti bv th(! pit,' whatvver that may 
iae«ti. TIip ' HiMiiinouit I tiuband Criticised/ 
A aAlire hv Xacklin nn Dr. HoodlyV * Sua- 
picaeua iliubaiid,' lb« Ultftit HUL'ceaa at 
Oovent Gardt-n, irnii giv^n by Macklia for 
hiabeuetit.L'l March 1747. It vax a failure, 
andwaanotpriDted. Un tbewnn^iwcaAionhe 
^•nd tbo (ir»\odiif^i'r to llarry'n }lnin1>-t. 
'The Fortunt? liimt^TB, or the Wulow IW 
witcbed,' an unprinted furM, was acted a few 
timw in 174* (Y ■>> Mareli). 

ItAtwn-n 174-1 and 1760 Mndtlin wa« in 
Dublin, whprv he oud !ii» wifo wf re fiiBafted 
by Slirri<Inn at MXW. a vear. A qunrrel with 
Soeridan, with wiiom ho touk tlran^re libei^ 
tiea, rolliiwt.'d, ■nill'-dloa lawauti. Onleav- 
tng Dublin Markliii minted to Cuvt'Ot 
Ouden, wlwre with liis viifv In* aiiw'ared on 
S4 Sept. 1760 m Lorc-gnld in the * Miser.' At 
CovL-nt Garden he aJiied to his n-pi'rtory 
3lerfutio, Poioniiifi, Vcllura in the 'Drum- 
aier.'SirOlivoCoekwiXKi in 'She would and 
altf would not,'Btr Bernaby Brittl<> in I ho 
'Amoroua Widow,' Liiivi in th* *Miatake,' 
th« Had Knp1ii>hmnn iii th<! 'Pilgrim/ Re- 
amlt in ■ \'«nioe Pn-seryeJ,' and wax tlio ori- 
ginal Buck in Footp'a * i'litii\ Ixbiiutu in I'arl^ 
Bvalao prodiictHl ' Covt-nt Onrden Tlipotrr, 
or Pa^ium turned Urawcan^ir,' « Ajinl l~li'2, 
a dramalu^ »atirF,wbicli frtiled to pleaae. 

On iJO Di-c 176» s farewell U-nefit on 
hi« (luitting the atajro waa f(\vcn him at 
Dnirr Lane, on which occaaion he played 
Sir (*lilb.Tl Wran)tle in the 'Refusal' of 
Colley I libber to the Lady WraiL^lu of his 
wife and the Charloltw nf liia dauffhlfr ; ho 
al#> app^reti as Buck in the ' Kn(rli«liniau 
io Paris,' and i«cit«d a farcwi^U pmbgue. 
Foot* aaid that finrrirk wrote the prologue 
in the hoi*; that Macklin would U<a" pnod 
■a fau word, and •■> deliver him from a for^ 
■tdahla rivKl. >^li«nregreU were uttered in 
llwgre«n-roomaL theloMof so admirnbl'flan 
actor, Foole said, 'You uwdnot fear; ho will 
fim biv«k in btisiiicw, and then brvnk bis 
arwd," a pmiibecy fully acrouiplishod. He 
opeiKd accordingly In March 17 'A, under 
wl^aaxa in Cormt Harden, a tavern and 
codee - bouse, a feature in the conduct of 
which was a Ihree-abillinji ordinnry at f<inr 
o'clock, OTcr the seri-iee of which lie prtsided. 
OoSlNov. IT'^bealaobegan.inilHrtStn-et, 
Oorent Garden, what waa callcHl thi; British 
Inquiaition. Tbv entertainment, which com- 
aacpoed at leven o'clock, conaiBted of a tinc- 



ture by Macklin, followed by a debate. The 
first Irclure wiia on 'Hamlet.' For a few 
nigbts this took lli« (own. Foofe seiied 
tlie opportunilv of burlesquing a notion 
which lent itdctf readily to ridicuk*, and is 
said to have m'ir«(imii onc« nlt«iided the 
Icciiint and perplexed thu lecturer. Retting 
him on oni- occn^i'in, when the subject waa 
'memajy,' which Marklin claimed to have 
hijjhiy trained, ihe tai^k of repeating tliv 
famonfl nonseni^ lines rono^'TninctThf baki-r'a 
wife who went into the garden to cut & 
cabbopfe-leAf to make an applopie, &c. The 
majiagement of Iho tavern wac unanccetsftilt 
and on 25 Jan. 17^8 Macklin was a bank- 
rupt. He paid vubsequcnlly all cinims in 
full. I11I75* bv woviti Utiblin nithSprauger 
Barry and Woodward, but doea not appear 
to haVe acted. Chi li Dec 17^9, at Diury 
Lane, )i« madr, a» Sliyliw-k, hia ' lirat appur^ 
ance for six yenra.' Un tliia oceaeion he 
prutlucetl ' Ixive a In .Mndi^,' 4lo, l~t)fl, a 
farce, owing M)mething to the 'Lover' of 
Theopbihis Cibber, in which he playM Sir 
Aretiy McJSnrca^m, hii4 daughter npjM^aring 
a» Charlotte. He received a portion of the 

{■roll la of each performance instead of a regii- 
ar salary. The dramatU f>erfM<t comprised 
an Irish ofBcer, a Scottiah baronet, a Jew 
broker, and an English si|uire, tlm Iriah* 
man bt-ing the only disi 11 te rested charac- 
ter. Despite §nm« opposition it ultimately 
trinnipbed. It wasaiireat odvnnceupijnaiiy 
pre^inns dramatic otfort. of Macklin. Ono 
act was printed in the 'Court .^lificellany,' 
April 17fi(!. The followinjf »e«son he went 
to Covent Garden, where be played, -lH Jan. 
17(11, Lord Belville, and Misa Muckltn An- 
gelica, in the first production '<f Wa own 
'Married Libt^rtine.' In I.ord Belville Mack- 
lin was supposed to have ridiculi-d a well- 
known niiulrtEinn. Ilia plav nccurdiiiglv 
met with murh opposition, and ran witli 
difficulty (he nine ni^'hts necet^ary to creuw 
the author bin henetits, A description of 
the plot 19 given in Xirkman's ' Ldfe of 
Maclclin,' but the play nmaina imprinted. 
Mr«. Macklin having died about 17AS, 
Macklin efipouned, 10 Sept. I7Gt), Mits 
El'izalM-lh Jones of Clie-ster. In 1701 and 
again in 17t(3 he wru in Dublin, residing at 
the Intter date in l>ritrucondraljt.ni<.wherebo 
taught pupils. At Smuck .Uley Theulru h« 
pri>duc>-il in 1 7>)!1 hiK ' True-bi)ni Irishman,' 
in which be played Murmugh O'Doghwrty. 
Under the title'of the ' Iri«b Fine Lady* 
ihifl piece wae pren at Covent Garden, 
'2H Nov. 17ti7, and was damned. Macklin 
came forward and promised it should be 
withdrawn. Subaotjuently be owned that 
the audience waa right in its recdict, and 



^ 



Macklin 



i8> 



Macklin 






tliil htf Iiad forgotten that thoK wu * 
* pungfAphy in humour.' M'liile in Dublin lio 
playt'J lit bwtli Smi^k Allpy uiid Crow Street 
Tlit'AltVJi. Xo list of hiB cliAractera la pre- 
served, tboufcb Peacliiim in tin* ' Rii-ftpir'* 
Opera ' and pKibaWr Sliylock ware among 
thitist. At Smock .\lle^ ho is said to hav« 
ffiven aiiollLTation by liimBclf of 'Philaater.' 
LdgiLlpr\K:Li.>din(n>, a customary result of Lis 
*rnf»g«ijieiit*, were taken aj^auist ^[oMop, 
aad n-jiiiltf'din a barrpti victory. Tlift'Tme- 
bwm ScolcliuiBii ' wu" (fivon ut Crow Str«t>t | 
7 Feb. 17*5(1 This was a thri?o-aL't piwcii, i 
Buliei^quently devolupud iuLo tlic 'Mitu ofj 
tin? Wiirli!.' Mncklin duubtlesit played Sir 
Pertitmx .McSyconliant. It waa ^ivenugaJn 
in Dublin in ITfO, wlii-n ^incklin wiw pn- 
pip>(t lit Cfiptil Strf^t Tlieatrp, wliftrvrfl ilia 
oompniiyrt-njoved toCrowSlruet, So faronr- 
Qbl(^ vrae his reception tlint h» mi'ditated 
takioKup hi-< rostdeiicf iti Dublin. 

In 1772 he witji back at Coyent Oard«i, 
where be nppparL'd '23 Uct. ao Mncbutli, 
wtichclwiJ-Hci.-rliiidrt'awd. for the tirat tinio 
eince tht^ IWt oration, in ScottUh garb, in- 
stead of mij-ileni milllnry cunCtiinr ax itniio 
tioninl by Oarricli, "wlin is aaid to haro been 
moTed to i»a lousy bv Macilin's perfnrmano'. 
Thisimpprsonfitionlcdtothemnnti-nvinfiraed 
of MaelilinV numerous quarrels- IlisaMuitip- 
tion of a character bolonfjinfr to Smitn, 
during I wvnty ywira the muinstay of Covout 
Garden iiil m^edviWastliG cbiefijIlencf^.Tvliile 
tba yrvpA and piiblir, accu^^tumi-d tu euo him 
in ivim(»il3', ntfuiu-ii] to ncrept bim in ati b^roii; 
part, and trcatfid titn with scandalous injus- 
tiw, A crisis wax ruaclifd on 18 Nov.,wiii'n 
MBcklin,whocnniprvnaflShyinrl(,wn.*r»tfiiapil 
a heurintr- KSbrts to retrain the mob were 
■vain, andnltimfirely thoannouneetiu-nt thiir 
Macklin was diseliarced produced a roar of 
spplaaw. Not until C'olman the elder, tb« 
muugcr, came rvIuctRntly forward 1o cor* 
fiimtbedisniLMsal would the hou-to bepaeified. 
AdeiDand,'l8it yoiirploHsun^tbnt Mr.Mack- 
lin b" di«;hiiru>^ y met ■with ii cry, a|»" 
parently nnaninions, of 'Ym,' and Cnlman 
MJd, *H<;iH discharged/ Macklin broutfht 
apUTiat the liijidor* of the riot an ncriou, 
which woH tried 14 May I77n, and Lord 
Mansfield awarded him 300/. and his «>k- 
penaos. Mnckliti, wlio conducted hiit cum 
WLtb much ability, forwent the tuia, nuking 
only that the defendants should take one 
hundrL'd pounds' wurtli of tttkuti. on tbruo 
occasions : bis own beimfit and bis daughters, 
And for the prnpriiutors of the tbvatre ou the 
night of hi* ri'apjmiirnnc". Mansfield "\* 

fin.'ssed bis ndmiratinn of this ronduM, say- 
tig, ' Von linvp nii't with great applaiiite to- 
day: you ne\-er acted bettor .* Chi 18 May 



1775 he reappeared at l-nvent G«rdt-n aa Sbj- 
lock and Sir Archy .McSarcasm, and was welV 
received, liis apprnniniit'* Itncaniii* now ii»» 
frequent, though ha added, with nn gain to 
litanqmtatimtiliicliArdlll Co hisactiDg parts* 
madu orcasionnl vitits to Dublin, and con— 
ceii.-<id tW idea of a trip to Scotland, whicb^ 
bowev*tr, vm abrandom-d. On 10 Jlav 178L 
hie ' Man of ibe World' was played at Cuvont^ 
Garden, Macklin appearing as Sir IVrl inajc 
JlcSycDpbant. Tliia piece, Macklin's maatcr- 
pieCe, and one of the bt^it comedies of the 
ceiitury, had been refused a lioenMby CapeJl, 
the »ut>-liu«user, who d'.-cUnod to give up 
the ptav; after remaining t<-n ycjirs in tiM 
liccusLTs ollice it was only obtained through 
till- Hptilioationof sotnelawyorxof eminettoe. 
Kven theu the litle it originallv bnr^ of ' nie 
Triio-borni^otcliinan' WBsproiiibil^d. Soma 
opposition was ma^Ki on the tirst night, bnt 
the merits of the comedy, and Mncklin's 
man-elloiw performance of Sir I'eiiinax 
iMc^ycojihant , trtuiuphi.-d over all dilSculties, 
and the play obtain«d a brilliant and mRfiltud 
Buceees. On 10 Jan. 1788 bt; broke down u 
Shylock, and aiiolugi^Rcl to the audiencci, 
claiming indulgence for his eighty-nine yeani. 
A Himiliir incident occurred later in the ye*V 
in Sir I'erlinai. His last appearanc* waa (lor 
hi^ benefit, 7 May 17t<S), wlieu he dtvcwal tOt 
Sliylock. Seeing Mrs. Pope, he asked her if 
tho was playing that niglit. Shn anawund 
that she was dressed for Portia. 'All, very 
Iruu,' fcaid MackHu, ' but wlio is lo play Shy- 
lock^' 111! WHii im tli« utagf, *pukit a few 
lines of his pari, tbim making an spnlrig7, 
(|uitti-d lb(t stngw for ever. 

At rhtt death in ITSWJtvf hiH only 8on, ,Iohn, 
who had epeiit Mncklin's savinga, the actoc 
found him»L'lf ullbutpeanilcAB. AVitbaTiFrw 
lo oaaist him an edition of bia two playa, 
'Love in a .M aie ' and ' Tba .Man of the World,' 
waa cditi^'d by Murphy, und published \r^ 
subKcripiioii. \n amount Kullictent to nvcuns 
htm an annuity of 200/. was obtained. )Ie 
was now s»nile, and mrtd» frvqtient applies^ 
tiona to the polirc Tnagistmte.>i on account 
of fancied wrgngv, went constantly to Iha 
theatre, wli^re a placo wa« alwnys aagign«d 
him, and diixl, 'rueadav, II July 1737. at 
No. 4 Tavistock How, Covent Garden. Ilifl 
remains ore in a vault under the cbnncci of 
St. PuulV Uhurch, Coxent (iardcu, wh«r* 
there is a tablet to his memory. 

Elackliu'i- life is a ri'cord of perpetual quar- 
rel)!. WhiTt-vi-rbttweut aplentifulgrowtbof 
dUputes and lawsuits was witnessed. To hia 
losses inlegalprocp^ilingiihin ultimate poverty 
wod partly i)i>eribabbr ; even hia daughtorana 
pupil, wliD predeceased him, qiiarrelled with 
nim, and left hor savings to ot ucn. Beside* 



J 



^: 



Mack) in 




rmlcoit tetnpKT utd (trtrrbeoring nuinnens 
&UcUin AccnB to bnve had manv unamiablc 
•ad ■ooti diKfiracvfuI'iiialiiicv. llewuduig- 
Vistic, BfinrwtMl, nurrow-mindwi, (ind arm- 
fr«t)t : llolcroft suidtliat tusdeligbttDniali- 
inif >ith^nt frar 4ud adjuin him give him ah 
averpjoa fur Uw »ooi()ty of UiOM who wer« 
hi4 ■u|>«Ti>jn. CharW Lm LaeirM [q. v.] 
wriuw: ' What ]>Knic}nM3dof Marat mny he 
applied to htm, *' Hn wnn rnlcnnic, j)>»-vL-<ti, 
wid uofiOcnal)!*.','" und nddn: ' In hU niannoK 
Im was hrulivh ; li« was not to bo ai}Hi'n*nl 
into modut.v either hir a^x nr flg>>. I have 
MU bia Uvily make the matron blush; 
baauly uid ianoc<>nc« wprt> no talWuard 
.■^Oftl hifi nidtnew.* O'KeefTo supplies a 
Atmnselr dinVrent account, sayiD^r that ' he 
hMX«a swoftho^, und di«countvnnn(u.'d Tul^ 
•Mta.* 

Asa druBRtiKt bo hud liif[h merit, and his 
Hagv-nsiiaf^uii^t ws" iidminblc. iluauti- 
eipatedOorriokiiillif n-fnrmutionofthesluge. 
Uu t'X[N.Tiiui-DlE ill impMlT did him lilUo 
cndit ajk an acdir, hut )]•■ wan a capablv como- 
dkiif wit^ an unetiualled knowfedge of his 
art. Hi* Tntce wks utron^, clear, and tv- 
aonuiC, and hi^ had no vicr« of delivi-n* and 
BO Mattv tricks. He was robust in frame and 
Us fmlurM woiv mgired ftod corturated. 
.Utiouffhc to b« Ce»nS ralher tboa loved, 
•od ID uis Ifiasoos his popila, miMj of tbcm 
paopls of muk. wtiru EuCivctod to fpilling cou- 
fwiijit SJiylock was bij) in^at part. I[« 
maaa the cnamcter so feari*ul in tho trial 
•ociM tbat OvoTftv n, discussing th« mvans 
of coving tJie Iloosnnf ComnionB, in reported 
tn have said to AVnlpole. 'What do you 
think of wndiog (hcni to tbo ihi'Alni- to »oe 
tbat Irishmoxi play ShylockP' Ho had a 
ftullen solemnity that suited Iho character, 
mod ia the Mrosgwaecneg a forciblv and tL*rri- 
Ariiv ferocity. John Bernard (17G6-1828) 
,{l|, vj elassM it with thu Lrar of (iurnck, 
{£» Fahitalf of Hf-ndenon, lh« tVrtinnt uf 
Xbohe, and the Corinlanus nf John Kt-mhlp. 
f sadiuin, Poloniiu, Scrub, Ingo, Ti»]i[Niiiti, 
Sir Panl IMvnnt. Sir Francis Wmn^'lioftd, Sir 
IVrtinax Mc^ycopliant, and SirAreby Mo- 
£areaAn wvrv among his beat chArat^ters. 
CburchUL id less thun jmt to Mackliu in 
'Tbe Kosciad,' but praism bis tuition. 

MuklinV firet wifu (d. 1758?) was, ac- 

.CordiDs: (o Kirkuian, a Mrs. Ann Uracv, the 

widow of a Hublin hosier, and acconlin^ to 

Cookd a Mifs (Intou I'ur^or. Sho was an 

• wioelknt actress, ller Nurse in ' Homefi and 
' Juliet ' and b«r HoBtesa in ' King ilenry V ' 

w^n- inimitable, rbclwood says: 'In my 
th>e«lrieal canwr of about ihirtrytianf I have 
BOt seen b^r e^iual in Widow BlacJcacre, Mrs. 

• Dtjr, 'Widow lAckit, Lady Ptyaut. Doris in 



" -Esop," Mrs. Amelet. Lady Wii.hf.irt.' Sh« 
was the original Mn. Subtle in Foote's * Eng- 
lishman in I'aris,' and died in the season of 
1768-0. Mauia Macklisi^A 178lkdaugh- 
l4?r of MackLin, was an actress of talent, and 
wiLS highly trained, but hud little hi:«tri<iuic 

E^nius. Sliumudv her ilr<t a^'puantiice 0.1 the 
uWh cif Ytirk in ' Hirhard III, at Drury l-ane, 
probably^ Jan. 17411, left the Mu^v in 1777, 
after Fin upemt ion r>;ndt'tvilo«C0<u)ary by tighl- 
gnneriTig,anddiediiil7M. She played a Urgu 
round of chorncters in trajj^^dy and comedy, 
incluvling Jane Short', Mnnimm.Pnrtin, Des- 
demona. Lady Anne in ' iCicbard lit,' Lndv 
Townley, Ittisalind, Helena in ' All's Well 
that Ends Well." rortiu. Lady Ik-tly Modish, 
&c., and was the original Ilyuus in ' OeuMi,' 
Irene in ' Borbarostfa,' Charlotte in * Love u 
la Mode,' Clarissa iu ' Liouel and Clarissa,' 
5:c Maeklin's letters to her present the 
most pleasinc aspect of his character. A 
bt'nrfil to Macklitra widow (his second 
wir») was givtn'at Covent Gardtm, 17 Juno 
1800. 

A portrait by Opioof Macklin in his ninety' 
tliirti year anS another by De Wilde km Sir 
Pcrcinax McSycophant are in the Mathews 
colLeclioD in tbe Uarrick Club. Engraved 
portraits of bim are gii'cn in the varioufl bio* 
gruphies. 

In udilitjnn to the subMription edition of 
Slacldin'B iwu pkvB, 4lo, lift}, uu octavo 
vdilitm uf ihv same cimti/'lieH and the ' True- 
bom Iri-ihoian,' nnmcniionfd by Lowndea, 
was issued, aim by Eubecripi ion, by William 
Jones, 86 Dans Stn^ct, Dublin. .\ Imrlftwiue 
proPoguo CD rielding's ' Wedding Dav is 
nesdeil ' Writ and spoken by Mr. .MsclfliD.* 
Mr. Austin Dobson assigns it to Macklin, 
but Mr. Frederick Lawrence, the biographer 
of Holding, claios it for that author. 

[LivM of UorkliD by Fmnris Aspry Confreve, 
1798 ; by Jnmcs Tbomas Kirkmnn. who rlaims 
to tw a raUlian, und hna Iwcn hold to be a soft, 
2 voId. ] 799: by Willinm Cooko, 1804 ; and by Ur. 
hldwnnl ,\bU)lt l'nrry,l8I>l,haveBpteHTvd. tloit 
Imatwnrthy (arts urvauppliail bj Gon^nTp, Uie 
biogmphr of Xirknian beiiig a romance, sad 
thai of Cfooko animstvonhy. A Hat of (wm- 
phlvla, reuorla of tnals, apolo^es, criljciima, 
tce^ oceapiw tht»e pans of Vr. Love's Thaatri- 
cnl Biblwgrapfaj. Tho Enrupcioii RerieW eon- 
tains a eeriM of paprn huodM] 'Uackliaiaiia.* 
The Monthly Ulrror tpToa extracts from lus 
nolt-l-ouks and juumats. B*riiftrda HMollee- 
lioDs; the I^fe of Frvderirk Kejcolds and the 
thcaUierU biognphies of the acton of the last 
CMitvtyeiDreTallvi Hr. Fittgemld'sLifeef Oar- 
rirk ; ('islwrry's brunatic Biograpby ; Theatrical 
Kwicw; Victor's Works: Ko^phiaDcaiDatica; 
GcDMt's Account of the Knglirh •Stage; Garritk 
UaiTC^ondscc* ; WhratUy sad Cnaninghsm's 



Mackncss 



184 



Macknight 



LoDdon pAKt. hnd PniMDt, «tid llir vritiofFS of 
Poako, Uunliip, O'RedTe, BoodoD, dcc^ h)i<r« been 
CODiulud.) J. K. 

MACKNESS, JAMES, M.D. (18(W- 
1851), ]iieciLc«l wriler, boru 31 March 1804, 
was bUIlt Htm uf 11 traduMnnn at \Vo]liii|,'- 
boruugli in Niirt.liiiiriiilciusfiiri'-, m'Ihi aflt^r- 
warda rpmove<l m Etlmhurffh, wlierp Jamta 
WM ])8rtly wJucated. Xttvr punminn fii» 
profewtionnl Hl,iidi)-« iinrlor prt-m. (Uiticuliips, 
te pas6!>d tbe Cotlego of Surgeojis on '2i Hw:. 
1824; BCti'<l for u time an ii«.<iistnnK : Hitd 
in 'i'i-J? iwi up ill [iniciioi lor liirnHvlf in itia 
▼iUage of Turvev, hvht JlfdforJ. In 1831 
Eo removed toXorth(impton,wlierti he f!;^iiinfd 
by ct^ft"^'*^ t^'i v:^ti'ii»ivL-, but lubvmius mid 
not very remunemtive, practice, Hfi con- 
tinued to Btudv. and uilurubtoclliimsulf Id vn- 
HociM plnni far tJi^ imnriivt!mH>nt of the iiiiildle 
and lower clafises: but in 1834 his health 
W^iiii U> fttLl, Kiid in IH37 ho wuh c)l]ltgt>d for 
a tiEiiH to ^ivo Up proclicfl allojrmlif^r. H« 
paiseil tvrrt ycnrs tn diHtjnent places ftbroai) 
and in England. Li order to quulify himsijilf 
for t!ic leM laborious practice wf a plwaician 
lie obtained a medical degree at St. Andrews, 
15 May 1840, uiid wCtleJ ut Uocliuiiffl, wli<>ri] 
he pftsriid the reat of hiB life, Owinf^ to his 
L'ntirgy mid ])u reeve ranees, nod ulsu to hiB grvat 
libonilitv and hriiitvoViic, W tfTiidunlly, al- 
tliDU^b with difEcultT.aajuireii a g-ood prac- 
tiw. In Nyvnibur 1840 hu was appointed 

Jhyiiicinn tn the UastingH Ui.'«]X'nitory. In 
aniiary ]H4:j he beoune an extra-licentiale ' 
of the London OoUeffO of I'hysickTts. In , 
the next year he joioed: the l*rDvincial (now 
called tlio British) Medical and Hiirgieal 
Association, and he aflfrwQrds (1847) was ' 
eleettNl a luembfr of the council. Hn at- 
tandi-d (lie nnniial mt-etinga of the aaatxiia- 
liim vvilh (jri'jil regiiliirily. In 1849 !iu was 
one of II commit tee of five niemh>*rfl'appiiiiUod 
toiXiuKider the mcune iidviFablt* to be adopt t'd 
with a view !■" bring the aiibject of metlical 
etbict) befwe the medical proii.«3ic>n i' and in 
18&0, on thcoccti«ion of theaatoctation hold- 
ing \U ni'jt annunl mepling M Brighton, lie 
waa roqufsled to prepare a pap^r on the 
medical lopograpliy uf tV^ district. Ke wae a 
devout mtimbtr uf the ohurcb of £ii|;lund, but 
tuB chief intercAtVi'ati in beiipvolii'nt «clit-me9 
for improving tbc' condition of the poorer 
claaaett. Id- touli an nclivc iiarl. in thi* tniini- 
cipal management of }Iasting>t, and became 
an alderman. Tn the spring of IKl^ he look 
a few we*'l(«' holiday on the Rhino, but illnestt, 
fr"m which he never wholly recovorod, eoui- 
|>olled him to n^tnrn hom«. He died of 
pneumonia on H l-'eb. 1851, and was buried 
in the old St. Mary's cemetery- (now di*U!ie<l). 
Here tfacrv i» a haudsome toiub erected to his 



memory by a mihscnption among hia frtendfl 
and patients, iacludiug aome of tfao worUng^ 
classes. He married in 1830 Miaa Uari» 
Whitwortli of Tun'cy, who still survivee. 
He hud no fiunity, biil wiim moKt libiral itk 
providing for hia nroiher'a children. 

MacWneiHi wrolv: ]. ' Haaliniis comidered 
a^ a Kesorr. for IiivalifU,' Ac, Ixiiulon, 1 ?ina, 
184^; second edition, ld5U. '2. An article on 
agriciiltiiml chi-mi*tr^- in Uaxtf-r's 'Library 
of Apricultuiv,' l-ond'on, Svo, l«4tl. 3. ' The 
Moral Aspects of Medical Lifi^']^ndiin,Mnall 
6vo, lHl(i; ba«.<d on n work in (iorman by 
rrofufldor K. V.ll. Marx called 'Akvsius* 
( 1(1-44), 4. 'DysphoniaUlericornm.orC'lergy- 
man'sSorcThroiil: itiiralbology.TTBalmettt, 
and Pre veil tinit,' London, Rvo, 184«, 'con- 
taining a better account of tim diRord Mackuiloch the 
nnthor of n coiHtderabli! part of lli« ' Sroti- 
chronii.'ou,' It is, however, clear from tha 
body of the work that \hv coiuptWwiisbom 
in 1S85, and probably the only cinim which 
Mackulloch can makK> to authorship consists 
in iht) additions at th«? «ad of the Harleiaa 
M.S., which brins the narratire down to 
1460; they are printed in Goodall's edition, 
iL Gil. ^ fax w the rest of the work goes, 
he was merely a transcriber; anothi*r manu-> 
script of tlw 'ikotichroiiiwD,' at Brechin 
Castle, was nimi writti^n by him. Ar-cnrding 
to some manuscript notes of Iluchaiiau's, 
Mnckullocli was a monk at Sconce. 

Itlrnipstrr's IlinL Ecrl. lii. !>ll ; Tanner's 
BiM. Rril.-Hib. p. -198 : HMtni-V nliiion of tho 
Scoticlironicoa, V. 137S, ISSO; Skcno'x odittoa.' 
vol. i. pp. irii-sviii, xl.] C L. K, 

MACKWORTH, Sir IU'MPHRY 

( 1607-1 7 J7), politician and capilali»t,Mcond 
son of Thomas Mackworth of jWl Ion Grange, 
Shiopshiie. who narnvd Anllt^da)ll{hte^ and 
heiress of Itichard Bulkeley of BLiutingiulale 
in lliD luunu county, wna bom in .Tanuary 
lU>i7. Tiiomas Mackworth wns ••Idi-xi otiii 
of Humphry, by Anne, daughter of Thomaa 
Wnll'T of llsocoosfleld, and kinswoman of 
K<lmund WalW the pnet. The I'ldiT Hum- 
phrj' was a colonel in the parliamentary 
army, was at the taking of Mtdlow Oastl<^ 
upon which be wrot« to the House of Con- 
monA on 'JU May 1(I4(!, and was appmnted to 
b« jrovemor of Shrewsburv on 3 June follow- 
ing. Oil VI Feb. l<M9-&0 ho was added to 
the couuiiittcu for the aaseasmenta for tlie 
army in ^shiupshirL' ; and in October lO&l he 
tniiuinitliil III thf IIiiuM'of C<iinni(in!> uiiac- 
cuuut of the proceedine^ of the court-martial 
hi-ld at Ch*»ler on the Earl of Derby, Sir 
Timotliy Fetherslonhaug^h, and John Bon- 
bowe, from which it appears probable that 
he pn^sided on tbeoccasion {dtatHon/ Jour- 
nalt, iv. fiOl). Hu was onu of CmmwuU'i 



Maclc worth 



Mackworth 



■ 



k 



council, moil sot. for Sliropshire in CroniTrell'B 
•ecoiiJ pArlinm^t. Hl' died iii I>ecember 
Itt&t, and WB8 huriwl on ilie U<!th of Ihc 
month 111 IlL-nry VIl's Chapel in Wi-atmin- 
ati>r Abbey; liis rt'imiiiiB wure mi liJ S«itt. 
milO rrmci'vi'ii and tbrown into a pit in St. 
Miirparvl's cburt-lij-iird (iSLUHt:, ilifiory »/ 
Mullanrl, i>. l:;y; 'Lji-SCOJIB, Buckinijham- 
sMre, iv. A7A). 

Tbo ytKinpT Ilimiplirv mntriculnted at 
MftgdftlrTi ( ViUfpp, (tslnrd, on 1 1 Mvc. 1674, 
and eatervd hI tlit^ MiddlitTnnplcon 10 June 
1676. U'ing willed tn the bar in 1682. Nar- 
dt»a» I.iitlrell giTi>a Iiim the lillo of ' coiop- 
rrolU'i- of tli« TempK' Tli. ww dfscribed aft 
of tho Mrddl« Tem]ili} on bt'ing kuijfbled 
al Wbiteball, 16 Jan. l*iH*>-8, ami wb.-ti 
J&mca II, on bU itcccNtion to thtMlironn, con- 
tmUL>d to colluct ibe customs, tbnii^b lbt>y 
biid l)fi>n g-rflntod for thL* life of Gbarl^s ll 
only, ao addrt-iv vf ibttiiks was ureieiited to 
him by MticJcwortb on bebalf of that inn of 
irnurt. He bad a rL'sidini^u at Ikiiclvy. in tbv 
parish of Tardnbigirf, \Vi>r<'c»tt^rsbire, but hiit 
rotiftnt'wori:- inmnaidtimble until he married in. 
]<W(jMnrT, lUuRbtiTiirSir Hcrl»Tl. Kvaimof 
Gnnll, ltlnnior|?«njIiire, wbo by the death of 
Li'r four sisU-rs Ik-canielhe sole lieirewof her 
fattor'ji |troiiL'rty. 

In Uiy5 UI5 wim I'lit'iifr^ in developing 
ColIien*-s and oopptT-iUHL'ltintt M-orks at ile- 
lincr)-dilan, near Nvalb, and ibu improvis 
iw^nts wbiidt hi- jntniduoi-d into tbein are 
aet out by Williiim Waller in his intro- 
diii'tkin to an ' K««iiy on tbi? Minc-a Ijiti- nf 
Sir f)arhr-ri"Prifi^,' IttiW. 1I*> I hen expanded 
IGiOCK)/. iu pun-basing tbe controllinjiT inle- 
rt-st in Sir uarbiry's mintjtand in ntquirintr 
additioiiAl properly in the iieiglibourhocja. 
Tbe rained and Bmeltinff works were trans- 
fi^rrwd U) acoinpuny, wJtn tht' im^ioxing tillu 
of 'The L'nr] Miration of th<* Governor and 
Company of (hi- Mino Adveniumra of F.np- 
Innil, thi.' Ibjkf of ljVL-d« hwng [fivitrnnrand 
Kncliworth deputy-ffovprnor. A Inriri! oiini 
of money was raist-a by lottery in lUilS and 
Ififtlt forcarryingon thi-«c iimVrtfikingg.snd 
was spent in tlio construction of quayit, 
cannl*. and docks; but tli<; scbLine received 
so much opposition from local ?rinr<;cs that 
in Uvt't'iulx-r ITUiS several seriani* of Sir 
Edward Manscl. an adjoining proprietor, 
WLTc hruught Iicfon- tlio ilou*"; of ComiiiDna 
for bn-acbes of privilege againit Mackworth. 
By l706,wbi'ntlieirL'apitalhndbei>nEunk.tlie 
tru'inbrTBof thi-cnriMiration (|UiirTi'llcil iiniotiK 
themselvoB; WiUinm WnlU^r, the mannpiir. 
wan iliw'btirfn-d.nndMHclcworth wnnnrcutied 
by hia em^mies of pocniatinn. On 31 March 
1 < 10 ibe Ilniiiie of Commons, without a dii>- 
BWtifiQt voice, Toied him guilty of many 



f^nds in violation of the company's charter, 
and next day n bill woa brought in to rf«tnin 
bim, William Shiers, tbtiswretarr, and Th(h 
insf DvkeK, tbo treasnrnr, from leaving the 
country, and to atit>nat« tlieir estate)*. Th* 
wbips were then in the asccndnni, but tbrir 
pimer was pa^iuK away, and altbou^'-b LblB 
bill paaBed th« Houwof C>:imruonii it did not 
bwoBK" law. The Itev. Thoma« Yalden [q. v.] 
nddTC»»(^d u poem to Mackworth ' On thit M inea 
hitfiofSirC»rber>'Pric£j'(CHALJfER^. /'■rf'fA.ri. 
(4-5),andafrreat niiioberitrnaiiipblvts were 
puhlinlied by Mackworth, Waller, .SbiiTs. and 
others, witli n.'»ptct to tUt!proc<'edin(rR of tbo 
mine adventurtirs (sec Nirnm.t, Li/erafjf 
ylnwJtffM,!. 10-21). AmonfTtliosHliy ^fack- 
wcirlh nnj 'The Mine-udventure, or an Ej- 
pt'dienl forConipoainfrall Diircn^nccs between 
Ibe I'artnere, and for Eatablifihtng a new 
Method of Mana^mtnt/ 169S; 'A Short. 
Hliie of the Case and iV>CM>din^ of tlie 
Company of Mine-adventurern," 1710; and 
'Swoad'rartof lbelk)ofcufV(mcber8,'171l. 

Through bia conriiTfinn wilb Soullt Wale*, 
Matikworthwa-s appoint mI cons table of Nwill] 
Cast le in 1703, anH *nt In mrliann-nrforCnrdi- 
panabircfmm February 1700-1 ioNov*!mbeT 
1701, from AuiRuif 1702 to April 1705, and 
from Novpmbt*r 1710 to Awffust 171S. In 
1705 ho was & candidate for Oxford Univer- 
sity, but wftD not elected, whereupon tben> 
waa iBMuu'd ' The Dolcfnl CompUinls of Sir 
H. M.'(.Syn(c Ihnnn, 1707, iv. 22), and from 
Jnne 170o until April 1707 he rppncwmtod 
tbe borough of Totnw in DevonBUirv. Mack- 
worth wna a chnrch lory, H*; wn« on** of tlio 
four layman who on 8 March lOSH-t) m«t Dr. 
ThomaaBniy{ltld^l730)[q.v.] and drew up 
certain n^oliit ions which ended inthefornut- 
lion oflhe Society for IVoiBotiKg Christian 
KnowledfTL'. Afterwards he was nmoiift its 
carliK*! nnd bir^^-Ht MubsirrilitirN, nnil n m(>inbcr 
of its ronimitlee for {^^tabliflhinf; cliurch li- 
braries in Wall*. In I70r> there came out 
a pwiTipblft called 'Thft Mc'morial of the 
Church of Kn^laud,' wilb tbe object of ex- 
posing the de^ifrns of the whips against the 
church. It atinict>>d great att«:ntion, aod 
wna presented as n'aedilioua and tresmil- 
able libel/ and it was diAcovored tliat aa 
soon h)> it wn»i>inickofl']I>()copi(«wwroaeDt 
to Mark worth. In January I < 05-6 Shiert, 
hiE aiiHucJatu, was lak>.<<n into custody about 
it., tinil n4-xt niriutb a man nami'cl Pciwrll was 
br'mg'iit Irefore the privy council at Whitft- 
biill Ui iiee if he would ini])]ienl<i" Mackworth. 

Maf-Iiworth died on ^fi Aug. 17i7, and 
wna buriod on 27 Aug. His wife died 
IwfoTC! 1705, leaving tbrt'o K)ns. Of theae 
till' younse^l. William Morgan, who marrini 
Martha, daughter of John Pned of Tm- 





rathrn. ComwftU, M.P. for St. Ivt* in 1706, 
touU lli«a<lduionat aajae of I'raed, and wu 
nn atiC(^3tor of tli<? poet, 

Mnokwurt li'e ptfUiicul mid riiianciAl pub- 
liCAtina't i-oinprifted: 1. ' Kug land's tilory, 
<\r llii' Gnuc Imprnvt-muat of Trodo by n 
Hi>vnl Bunk urOtlici^ >if Onulit to h* iir«ctec! 
in tendon,' l(l&4- '2. ' A Vindieiition of tlia 
Itiphls of tbc Coiamons of En(flaiul,' 1701. 
Thin tracr wim inrliidi^d in the dditions nf 
' tjomers TraciV I75I and IWJS. 3. ' Peace 
at Ilutni-. or ft VimUi:«tion of tlio Proof>ed- 
ings of tht! Ilnuse of Commons on the nill 
for Preventinji Danj^r from Uoctttsional Con- 
formity,' I7(K:(, Tchich provoked man? rcplitM, 
iacludiiis oDV froiu Defoe, cutitl«d 'Pence 
witbout I'nioB.' 4. ' A Ijettt?r from a Mem- 
ber uf I'arliamunl to his I'riuQd in tUo 
Counlrr, ^tYiiiH; a Short Arcount of the 
I^rocee^ings of the Tnckare' [anon.], 1701. 
5, ' A nill for Ihi- lii-Uwr Itjliitf^ tmployniiint, 
andS^ltlemeniof tlie Poor,' 1701. 6'. 'Free 
ParUain«nt8, or a Vindication of the Fiiif 
darocntal Ilight of ibo Commons of EnjFland 
Id hn sole J<i<l|^s of the Privil»ge» of the 
Klectorsandof tboEIfCtod: bcinf^aVindica- 
t'ion of thv Prooeodinin ia llie Caw of Ashby 
airain<)t Whjfe,' 1704. An abstract of this 
work ap]wan.<d in 170i ; it was ruproducvd 
as nil ap]H'iiilix to 'Thn Stnti^ of the C&^e 
WtWQMi Aslihy and White,' 1705, and itivaa 
included in Ihe L>diliun« of 'Suini^mt Trm-tH,' 
17">1 and IrtOH. 7. 'A Brief Account of 
ibe Tui'k, in a Letter to a Friend' "nnon.], 
17(K. 8. ■ Down with the ^U>ft, or IViu'wiia 
H»r Stipprewing the Miiif JIoiisos" j'aaon-j, 
1717. U. 'A Proposal for Pavinifoff the Public 
I>L-hu br tbo appnipriato'l Fundi, wichotit 
Tat»tu)flaxeiiupon Land, .Mult, or otiierthinifs 
tar thai purpose' [anon.'. 17i^0. 10, 'Sir 
UuEDphry Mnclfwortli'd I'rojKMal, Win^ a 
neve rvht-mft oflTr-r'd for the Partnent of the 
Public I>ebt«,' 17J), Tliis eCHumi*, which 
fMMed through flvi' f<dili^ns in 1720, wna of 
ibe same kind ae that sugsested by John 
1 AW in France, and involve<l thv motion of 
■a new <pectc# of money.' 

Mackworth was bUo the author of a 
'Tivatisc eoncomtng the I>!vint> Authority 
of thu Scriplurut, tbe Uiviniiy of our Hles*ed 

triniir.' ftc,,3ndedit. 1701, which was Hup- 
vlemeoted by ' A Dtscoursu by way of Dia- 
logne rnncrninir {i) I'niridenoe, ^2^ the 
luppinean of a Reli^oua Life,' &c., 17(K>. 

[Le N>T«'i Knighta (Hul. Roc.), p. 3(19 ; 
M^rieli '■ C'ardii^aFiahiiv, pp. r(!xsiv.^ssxiu ; 
Foatrr't Alumni Oion..- Fottr'ttPocriK"; NioLw- 

■'■OlainoTgamhiro. rp. Wt, 137-H; <;. Onnt 

nncb'a Copper BntrittM at Switnu*. l8BI,p[). 

■ •M; lUtani of Mtoaben of PsrliameDl, i. 
an, «0S, ii. 3, 28 : Luttnll't Hist. Relation, i. 



I 218, iv. 434. -r. 61. 637. ri. 13. MiS : UDsme'a 
Colloctiooa. e<l. Ojhle. i. 170-SO ; Bugford Ital. 
lads, ii. 43.3-31; Oroctun'* Kngli«h Chordi, 
1600-1714, p. 3)0 1 M>.-Cliiroa MiDnica of 
S.P.C'K, pp. l-ll. SI, 85, 2ia, 2C9; ilaUtett 
and iMJng't Anan. I.itamtur*. pp. 2^9. JQ'l, 
13£1, 203^: Hutiso of Oommona JftDrDala, xr. 
SB, 75, 122, 405. xvi. 391-5.] W. P. C. 

MACKY, JOHN (</. 1726), Bovemmenl 
agent or 8py, Author of ' Memoirs of Secret 
ServiowB,' was a Scoteman of tfood educatioot 
bnt of bill parenta;^ or birth nolhing ia 
known. Aocordinff to bis own nrj'onnt he 
' came early into the measureB of the revo- 
lution,' and hoiinf;, on tho return of King 
James from Irelaiid to France, Hunt to Paria 
to find out the further purposes of the 
Jacobites, bu diicovured that lliu Fn.'nch go- 
vernment intended ta send an fX])Biiitii"n 
against Knifland in l(ld2. lit- arrived ia 
Londni) witl^i lli« inform a Linti before Jamus 
reached Iiiii army encamped nt La Hogue, 
and tliiiB ^ve the frovenmenC ample time 
forprHparalions aj^inst it. On the return 
of kinj; William to L^n^land in October 1093, 
he M'li* oppointctl in5pct'torof the coast from 
tlnrwicb to Uover in order to pruvent In-a- 
sonnblo correspondence between the twa 
countriua by pawuni^tiri or luttors. llu di»- 
covered the projHiiitfd descent on Knglaud in 
1090 in cnnnwiion with tha a&^asainaticui 
plot of Sir Qi>or|;« linrclay [ij. v.] ; and niter 
Its rltaeloaure pnblUhed 'A \ iew of the 
Court of iSt. Gt-rma.in9